Louis François Élisabeth Ramond, baron de Carbonnières (4 January 1755 Strasbourg – 14 May 1827), was a French politician , geologist and botanist . He is regarded as one of the first explorers of the high mountains of the Pyrenees who can be described as a pyreneist .
24-589: Ramond is a surname, and may refer to: Louis Ramond de Carbonnières (1755–1827), French politician, geologist and botanist, who gave his name to the Société Ramond Pierre Ramond (born 1943), Distinguished Professor of Physics at University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Ramond . If an internal link intending to refer to
48-453: A specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ramond&oldid=861972401 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Louis Ramond de Carbonni%C3%A8res Louis Ramond
72-554: A writer and in 1777 he published the Werther -influenced Les Dernières aventures du jeune d'Olban ( The Last Adventures of Young Olban ). Ramond undertook a voyage to Switzerland in May 1777 where he met writers and poets, as well as scientists: the theologian Johann Kaspar Lavater (1741–1801), and the zoologists Albrecht von Haller (1708–1777) and Charles Bonnet (1720–1793); he also came across his friend Lenz there. The two men shared what
96-747: Is also quite touristic, thanks to its landscapes. Auvergnat , a variety of the Occitan language , was historically spoken in the Auvergne. It is still spoken there. Aubrac oxen, a rare breed, are raised in the Aubrac hills. The Chaîne des Puys, a volcanic mountain range located in the Puy-de-Dôme department, was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2018. Composer Joseph Canteloube based Chants d'Auvergne ("Songs of Auvergne") (1923–55), his well-known piece for voice and orchestra, on folk music and songs from
120-443: Is famed for its charcuterie , which is celebrated in " La Mangona " festivals in many Auvergnat villages, for its cheeses ( Saint-Nectaire , Bleu d'Auvergne , Cantal , Salers , Fourme d'Ambert ), and for its mineral waters ( Volvic , among others). Michelin tires are produced there. Auvergne is also the site of several major hydroelectric projects, mainly located on the rivers Dordogne , Cère , and Truyère . The region
144-657: The Counts of Auvergne . Auvergne was a province of France deriving its name from the Arverni , a Gallic tribe who once occupied the area. In 52 BC, Arverni chieftain Vercingetorix mounted a fierce resistance against the military forces of Julius Caesar . Christianized by Saint Austremoine , Auvergne was quite prosperous during the Roman period. After a short time under the Visigoths , it
168-678: The Jardin des Plantes . He also launched himself into politics, being elected a deputy of Paris in September 1791 and joining the Club des Feuillants . In 1792 he defended the refractory priests whose deportation had been voted for. Ramond passionately supported the action of La Fayette , who tried to temper the over-enthusiasm of the Jacobins . His life in danger, Ramond decided to flee Paris in August and seek refuge in
192-504: The affair of the diamond necklace . In the company of the prince, Ramond travelled widely and met many of the personalities of the age. The cardinal was sent in exile to La Chaise-Dieu in June 1786, and he left for Auvergne accompanied by his faithful secretary. That summer, the cardinal wished to stay in a thermal town in the Pyrenees and Ramond departed to reconnoitre the area. The two men spent
216-482: The royal domain . The Middle Ages, especially the 10th to 13th centuries, were a period of great development for Auvergne, with the building of famous abbeys and churches in a Romanesque style. In 1095, the historic Council of Clermont was held there, to rally support for the First Crusade . Its wide autonomy was ended by King Philippe-Auguste of France, who linked it to the royal possessions. Severely impacted by
240-446: The Auvergne. Singer-songwriter Georges Brassens composed Chanson pour l'Auvergnat . Composer Camille Saint-Saëns composed Rhapsodie d'Auvergne in 1884, based upon folk songs from the Auvergne. Much of Anne Rice 's Vampire Chronicles takes place in Auvergne. Characters Lestat de Lioncourt and Nicolas de Lenfent reside there. The protagonist of John Jakes ' The Kent Family Chronicles , Philippe Kent (né Charboneau),
264-709: The Condition of the Vegetation on the Summit of the Pic du Midi ), this being the Pic du Midi de Bigorre , not its more shapely namesake . On his death in 1827 Ramond was buried in the cemetery of Montmartre . Auvergne (province) The history of the Auvergne dates back to the early Middle Ages, when it was a historic province in south-central France. It was originally the feudal domain of
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#1732858667352288-518: The Great Western Schism ), a romantic and historical epic. But the French capital was not yet ready for German Romanticism and the book was not received as well as he had hoped. Leaving Paris he returned to Strasbourg, where he placed himself at the service of cardinal Louis René Édouard de Rohan (1734–1803), prince of Rohan-Guemenée and cardinal-archbishop of Strasbourg, celebrated for his role in
312-522: The Hundred Years' War, the religious wars and epidemics, integrated to into the kingdom of France, it turned itself more and more into an agricultural province reputed for its products. In 1790, the historical province was divided into the modern-day départements of Puy-de-Dôme , Cantal , Haute-Loire , and Allier , although Haute-Loire and Allier also include some land from the historical provinces of Bourbonnais , Lyonnais , and Velay . The region
336-607: The Monts Dorés and the Monts Dômes ). The same year, he was elected deputy of Puy-de-Dôme. In 1818 he was elected to the Conseil d'État and did not leave Paris again except to go to Auvergne. In 1821, he spent the summer in Auvergne with René Desfontaines and two young naturalists, Victor Jacquemont (1801–1832) and Count Hippolyte Jaubert (1798–1874). He published finally, in 1825, Sur l'état de la végétation au sommet du Pic du Midi , ( On
360-1052: The Parliament, as well as taking part in the work of the Société des observateurs de l'homme and becoming a member of the French Academy of Sciences in January 1802. He married Bonne-Olympe in 1805, widow of General Louis-Nicolas Chérin and the daughter of his friend Bon-Joseph Dacier (1742–1833). As a friend of Napoleon , Ramond was named vice-president of the Corps législatif , then in 1806 he became prefect of Puy-de-Dôme . He spent more time, however, botanizing and making weather measurements than occupying himself with administration. This did not prevent his being made baron d'Empire in December 1809. In 1815 he published Nivellement des Monts Dorés et des Monts Dômes disposé par ordre de terrains , ( Stratification of
384-728: The Pyrenees. Under surveillance and regarded as suspect, he left for Barèges , where he was able to indulge in his botanizing and mountain observations to his heart's content. He was arrested in 1794 and accused of being an enemy of the Revolution . Imprisoned in Tarbes for seven months, his was a lucky escape from the guillotine . From 1796 he devoted himself exclusively to natural history. He corresponded with Philippe Picot of Lapeyrouse (1744–1818) and various botanists such as René Desfontaines, Jean Thore (1762–1823) and Domenica Villars (1745–1814). From 1796, he taught as professor of natural history at
408-679: The expedition. But it was only in 1802 that he reached finally the top. Ramond reported this ascent in the Journal de Mines (in Thermidor year XI). He corresponded in particular with René Just Haüy (1743–1822), Alexandre Brongniart (1770–1847) and Jean Florimond Boudon de Saint-Mercy (1748–1831). After the Central School of Tarbes closed, he returned to Paris in 1800 as a member of the Constitutional Council. From 1800 to 1806, he worked with
432-560: The new Central School of Tarbes, where his courses were an immediate success, and he soon became a specialist in the botany and geology of the central Pyrenees. In 1797, he was finally able to concentrate on a project which had long intrigued him: to reach the top of Monte Perdido (3,355 m) to counter the theories of Dolomieu and Lapeyrouse on the 'early era' of the limestone of the central chain. The expedition, which comprised about fifteen people, including Picot of Lapeyrouse and several of Ramond's pupils, found many fossils, but did not reach
456-519: The summer and the autumn of 1787 in Barèges . Ramond started to explore the nearby mountains above Gavarnie and in the Maladetta Massif , to get a better acquaintance with their geological formations – these were the subject of a topical controversy, fed in particular by the limestone theories of Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu (1750–1801) – and to see whether the mountains were granite or limestone, which
480-510: The top. The account of the expedition appeared in 1797 under the title of Voyage au Mont-Perdu et dans la partie adjacente des Hautes-Pyrénées ( Voyage to Monte Perdido and the neighbouring parts of the High Pyrenees ). On 7 September the same year, again accompanied by his pupils and Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel (1776–1854), Ramond made a second attempt. The administrator and forester Étienne-François Dralet (1760–1844) also took part in
504-567: Was believed to be older rock. When the cardinal was authorized to return to Strasbourg in December 1788, Ramond settled in Paris, where in 1789 he published his Observations faites dans les Pyrénées, pour servir de suite à des observations sur les Alpes ( Observations Made in the Pyrenees, To follow some Observations of the Alps ). To improve his knowledge of natural history, he followed the courses of Jussieu (1748–1836) and René Desfontaines (1780–1831) in
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#1732858667352528-702: Was born in Strasbourg , to Pierre-Bernard Ramond (1715–1796), treasurer of war, and Rosalie-Reine Eisentrand (1732–1762). He studied law at the University of Strasbourg in 1775 and became a lawyer in February 1777. In Strasbourg he became friends with another student, Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751–1792), a writer belonging to the then-fashionable Sturm und Drang movement. During this period Ramond discovered German Romantic literature, in particular Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther ; this book inspired him to become
552-599: Was by all accounts an ecstatic experience contemplating the valley of the Rhine . Ramond also caught the passion for high mountains. A few days later, Lenz suffered his first bout of insanity. In 1778, Ramond published Élégies , impressions inspired by his love for nature. Extracts from this work were published the same year in the Journal de Dames of Claude-Joseph Dorat (1734–1780). In 1779, Ramond and his father settled in Paris. In 1780, Ramond published La Guerre d'Alsace pendant le Grand Schisme d'Occident ( The War of Alsace during
576-605: Was conquered by the Franks in 507. During the earlier medieval period , Auvergne was a county within the duchy of Aquitaine and from time to time part of the " Angevin Empire ". In 1225, Louis VIII of France granted Poitou and Auvergne to his third son Alfonso . On Alfonso's death in 1271, Auvergne, along with the County of Toulouse , Poitou and the Comtat Venaissin , reverted to
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