65-662: RMS Leinster was an Irish ship operated by the City of Dublin Steam Packet Company . She served as the Kingstown - Holyhead mailboat until she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine UB-123 , which was under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Robert Ramm, on 10 October 1918, while bound for Holyhead. She sank just outside Dublin Bay at a point 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) east of
130-517: A Government , a political party or alliance usually requires a simple majority in Parliament. Since Bangladesh's independence, the prime minister has concurrently held the position of Leader of the House . The Parliament of Barbados is the legislative branch of the government of Barbados. It is a bicameral body, composed of an appointed Senate and an elected House of Assembly. The Senate (upper house),
195-563: A Member of Parliament refers to a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (since 1978), the National State Assembly (1972–78) and the House of Representatives of Ceylon (1947–72), the lower house of the Parliament of Ceylon . Members are elected in a general elections or appointed from the national lists allocated to parties (and independent groups) in proportion to their share of
260-500: A general election , usually held once every five years unless Parliament is dissolved sooner by the president on the advice of the prime minister . Under the Constitution of Bangladesh , an individual is required to be a citizen of Bangladesh and must have attained the age of 25 years in order to qualify for election to Parliament. The Parliament consists of 300 directly elected members from general seats elected by use of first past
325-669: A legal fiction allows voluntary resignation between elections; as MPs are forbidden from holding an " office of profit under the Crown", an MP wishing to resign will apply for the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Stewardship of the Manor of Northstead which are nominally such paid offices and thus result in the MP vacating their seat. (Accepting a salaried ministerial office does not amount to
390-564: A century. For 70 of those years it transported the mail. It was 'wound-up' by a select committee of the House of Lords in 1922 and finally liquidated in 1930. The company operated from offices at Eden House, 15-18 Eden Quay which were constructed in 1829. The City of Dublin Steam Packet Company began in Dublin in 1822 as Charles Wye Williams & Company; Williams is one of the unrecognised pioneers of steam navigation. His company initially operated steam ships between Dublin and Liverpool . In 1826,
455-776: A commemorative stamp was issued by An Post , recalling particularly the Post Office's 21 staff who died in the tragedy. The sinking of the vessel is further recalled in the postal museum of the General Post Office , in Dublin's O'Connell Street. On 10 October 2018 an official commemoration took place in Dún Laoghaire attended by the Minister for Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht , Josepha Madigan T.D. in which she confirmed that Leinster
520-569: A first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies. The Parliament of Canada consists of the monarch , the Senate and the House of Commons . Only members of the House of Commons are referred to as members of Parliament ( French : député ); members of the Senate are called Senators (French: sénateur ). There are currently 105 seats in the Senate and 338 in the House of Commons. Members of Parliament are elected, while senators are appointed by
585-406: A general election for a three-year term. There are 72 electorate MPs, of which seven are elected only by Māori who have chosen to be registered on a separate Māori electoral roll. The remaining members are elected by proportional representation from published party lists . Since 1907, members of the House of Representatives have been referred to as 'Member of Parliament', abbreviated MP. From
650-409: A member of Parliament. Members of Parliament are styled Yang Berhormat ("Honourable") with the initials Y.B. appended prenominally . A prince who is a member of Parliament is styled Yang Berhormat Mulia . The prime minister, deputy prime minister and Tuns who are members of Parliament are styled Yang Amat Berhormat ("Most Honourable"), abbreviated Y.A.B. The Parliament of Malta consists of
715-480: A paid office under the Crown for these purposes.) The House of Lords is a legislative chamber that is part of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Although they are part of the parliament, its members are referred to as peers , more formally as Lords of Parliament , not MPs. Lords Temporal sit for life, Lords Spiritual while they occupy their ecclesiastical positions. Hereditary peers may no longer pass on
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#1732852577914780-587: A parliament and other expert advisers on parliamentary procedure such as the Senate parliamentarian in the United States. The term is aMembers of parliament typically form parliamentary groups , sometimes called caucuses , with members of the same political party .lso used to the characteristic of performing the duties of a member of a legislature, for example: "The two party leaders often disagreed on issues, but both were excellent parliamentarians and cooperated to get many good things done." The Westminster system
845-535: A seat in the House of Lords to their heir automatically. The 92 who remain have been elected from among their own number, following the House of Lords Act 1999 and are the only elected members of the Lords. Members of the National Assembly , the lower house of Parliament , are styled "members of Parliament", while members of the Senate , the upper house, are referred to as "senators". Member of Parliament can be
910-603: Is a democratic parliamentary system of government modelled after the politics of the United Kingdom . This term comes from the Palace of Westminster , the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . At the Commonwealth level, a "member of parliament" is a member of the House of Representatives , the lower house of the Commonwealth (federal) parliament . Members may use the postnominal "MP" after their names. "MHR" ("Member of
975-667: Is a member of either of the two chambers of the Parliament of Austria ( Österreichisches Parlament ). The members of the Nationalrat are called Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat . The members of the Bundesrat , elected by the provincial diets ( Landtage ) of the nine federal States of Austria , are known as Mitglieder des Bundesrats . In Bulgaria there are 240 members of Parliament ( Bulgarian : Народно събрание / Парламент ; transliteration Narodno sabranie / Parlament), which are called 'Deputati' (singular Deputat). Moreover, there are 240 MPs in
1040-471: Is commonly used. In bicameral legislatures, members of the lower house ( legislative assembly or house of assembly ) also use the post-nominals "MLA" or "MHA" and members of the upper house ( legislative council ) use "MLC". MLCs are informally refer to as upper house MPs. The Parliament of the Bahamas is the bicameral national parliament of Commonwealth of the Bahamas. The parliament is formally made up by
1105-482: Is equal, then there is no election and the reserved seats are filled in accordance with the candidate lists prepared by parties. In the event there are more candidates than seat allocations, the 300 MPs elected from general seats vote through use of the single transferable vote system to determine the reserved seats. In reality, there has never been an election for reserved seats as parties have never nominated more candidates than they have been allocated. In order to form
1170-446: Is not subject to dissolution, and one third of the members retire every two years. Vacancies in both houses, whether because of death or resignation of a member, must be filled by using a bypoll within six months of the vacancy; the newly elected member then only serves the remainder of the term of the seat to which they are elected. The number of seats in both houses is regulated by the Constitution and parliamentary statutes . Since
1235-552: Is now under the protection of the National Monuments Acts, which covers all shipwrecks over 100 years old. 53°18′53″N 5°47′43″W / 53.3147°N 5.7952°W / 53.3147; -5.7952 City of Dublin Steam Packet Company The City of Dublin Steam Packet Company was a shipping line established in 1823. It served cross-channel routes between Britain and Ireland for over
1300-573: The Irish Sea but the torpedoes missed their target. Those on board included more than 100 British civilians, 22 postal sorters (working in the mail room) and almost 500 military personnel from the Royal Navy , British Army and Royal Air Force . Also aboard were nurses from Great Britain, Ireland, Australia , New Zealand , Canada and the United States . Just before 10 a.m. as she was sailing east of
1365-656: The Islamabad Capital Territory is represented by four senators. A member of the Senate of Pakistan (a senator) has a tenure of six years. Member of Parliament refers to elected members of the Parliament of Singapore , the appointed Non-constituency Member of Parliament from the opposition, as well as the Nominated Members of Parliament , who may be appointed from members of the public who have no connection to any political party in Singapore. In Sri Lanka ,
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#17328525779141430-477: The Kish Bank in a heavy swell, passengers saw a torpedo approach from the port side and pass in front of the bow. A second torpedo followed shortly afterwards, and struck the ship forward on the port side, in the vicinity of the mail room. The ship made a U-turn in an attempt to return to Kingstown as it began to settle slowly by the bow, but sank rapidly after a third torpedo struck, causing a huge explosion. Despite
1495-594: The Kish light . The exact number of dead is unknown but researchers from the National Maritime Museum of Ireland believe it was at least 564, which would make it the largest single loss of life in the Irish Sea . In 1895, the City of Dublin Steam Packet Company ordered four steamers for Royal Mail service, named for four provinces of Ireland: RMS Leinster , RMS Connaught , RMS Munster , and RMS Ulster . The Leinster
1560-804: The United States Navy , the former commander of the USS ; Dale (DD-4) . One of the rescue ships was the armed yacht , and former fishery protection vessel, HMY Helga . Stationed in Kingstown harbour at the time of the sinking, she had shelled Dublin during the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin two years earlier. She was later bought and renamed the Muirchú by the Irish Free State government as one of its first fishery protection vessels. On October 18, 1918 at 9.10 a.m. UB-125 , outbound from Germany under
1625-647: The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) and two houses, the Dewan Rakyat (the House of Representatives ) and Dewan Negara (the Senate ). The term "members of Parliament" only refers to members of the Dewan Rakyat . In Malay , a member of Parliament is called Ahli Parlimen , or less formally wakil rakyat (people's representative). Members of Parliament are elected from population-based single-seat constituencies using first-past-the-post voting . The prime minister must be
1690-444: The counties and 12 members are nominated representatives. Kenya also has 47 elected senators from 47 counties; who sit in the Senate parliament. The senators oversee the counties, which are run by governors- also democratically elected. There are also members of county assembly. They are elected from each ward, and seat in county assemblies to oversee and make laws for their respective counties. The Parliament of Malaysia consists of
1755-531: The governor general on behalf of the sovereign at the direction of the prime minister . Retirement is mandatory for senators upon reaching the age of 75 years. Each province (and territory) has its own legislature, with each member usually known as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). In certain provinces, legislators carry other titles: Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) in Ontario , Member of
1820-529: The 1860s until 1907 they were designated as 'Member of the House of Representatives', abbreviated 'MHR'. Between the first general election, in 1853 , and the 1860s, the designation was "Member of the General Assembly", abbreviated MGA. Before 1951, New Zealand had an upper house, the Legislative Council , whose members were appointed. A member of Parliament is a member of either of the two houses of
1885-738: The Admiralty Pier in Holyhead. In 1843, the company took over the routes of the St. George Steam Packet Company, extending service to Wales . The Company also operated smaller steamers on the River Shannon . Up until 1850, the British Admiralty carried the Royal Mail, but in that year, contracts were awarded for the first time to private companies. Ships carrying mail on these contracts were authorized to use
1950-747: The Dáil", and addressed as "Teachta" (Deputy), while a Member of the Seanad is known and addressed as Seanadóir (Senator). These titles are used much more commonly in English than the official Irish. A member of Parliament was the term used to refer to a member of the pre-1801 Irish House of Commons of the Parliament of Ireland . Irish members elected to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland were also called members of Parliament from 1801 to 1922. Northern Ireland continues to elect MPs to
2015-635: The Germans, the worst of which was the second Leinster which was lost with over 500 lives in 30 metres of water just North East of the Kish Light , the greatest single-incident loss of life in the Irish Sea. (The official death toll was 501. Research by Roy Stokes, author of Death in the Irish Sea: The Sinking of RMS Leinster and Philip Lecane, author of Torpedoed! The RMS Leinster Disaster suggest that
RMS Leinster - Misplaced Pages Continue
2080-408: The House of Representatives (Privileges and Powers) Ordinance. The Parliament of Nauru consists of 18 seats. Members of Parliament are entitled to use the prefix The Honourable . The New Zealand Parliament is made up of the monarch and the unicameral House of Representatives . A member of Parliament is a member of the House of Representatives, which has a minimum of 120 members, elected at
2145-558: The House of Representatives") was not used, which was affirmed by cabinet in 1901 and reaffirmed in 1951 and 1965. However, the prohibition of "MHR" does not appear to have been strictly enforced, as it was used most recently by Tony Abbott when he was in the parliament (1994–2019). A member of the upper house of the Commonwealth Parliament, the Senate , is known as a "Senator". In the Australian states and territories , "MP"
2210-593: The National Assembly (MNA) in Quebec ( French : député ) and Member of the House of Assembly (MHA) in Newfoundland and Labrador . The provincial upper houses were eliminated between 1876 ( Manitoba ) and 1968 (Quebec). In Gibraltar, members of parliament serve in the unicameral Gibraltar Parliament . There are 17 seats in the Parliament, to which candidates are elected by block voting . Each candidate represents
2275-539: The Pakistani Parliament: the National Assembly of Pakistan and Senate of Pakistan . The National Assembly of Pakistan has a total of 342 members, of whom 272 are directly elected, and 70 seats are reserved for women and minorities. A member of the National Assembly of Pakistan (MNA) has a tenure of five years. On the other hand, there are 104 members of the Senate of Pakistan, in which all four provinces are represented by 23 senators regardless of population, while
2340-410: The Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Parliament of Jamaica is the legislative branch of the government of Jamaica. It is a bicameral body, composed of an appointed Senate and an elected House of Representatives. The Senate (upper house), the direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council"—comprises 21 senators appointed by the governor-general: thirteen on the advice of
2405-528: The Presbyterian minister of Tralee, who was travelling to visit his mortally wounded son in hospital, Thomas Foley and his wife Charlotte Foley (née Barrett), who was the brother-in-law of the world-famous Irish tenor John McCormack , who adopted their eldest son, and Richard Moore, only son of British architect Temple Moore . The first member of the Women's Royal Naval Service to die on active duty, Josephine Carr,
2470-417: The absence of an opposition leader in parliament (i.e. in the case of a landslide victory where one party takes all 30 seats in the House of Assembly, as occurred in 2018 and 2022) the president will then appoint the remaining two senators in the opposition's stead allowing for 9 independents instead. The House of Assembly (lower house) is made up of 30 members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on
2535-489: The command of Oberleutnant zur See Werner Vater, picked up a radio message requesting advice on the best way to get through the North Sea minefield . The sender was Oberleutnant zur See Robert Ramm, aboard UB-123 . Extra mines had been added to the minefield since UB-123 had made her outward voyage from Germany. As UB-125 had just come through the minefield, Vater radioed back with a suggested route. UB-123 acknowledged
2600-481: The creation of legislation. Elections to Dáil Éireann are held at least every five years using the single transferable vote; while elections to Seanad Éireann are restricted to members of both houses, elected members of local authorities, and alumni of National University of Ireland colleges. Eleven senators are nominated directly by the Taoiseach . A Member of Dáil Éireann is known as a Teachta Dála (TD) or "Deputy to
2665-519: The day on which it first met." ( Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022 ). A candidate to become an MP must be a British or Irish or Commonwealth citizen, be at least 18 years of age (reduced from 21 in 2006), and not be a public official or officeholder, as set out in the schedule to the Electoral Administration Act 2006 . Technically, MPs have no right to resign their seats (though they may refuse to seek re-election). However
RMS Leinster - Misplaced Pages Continue
2730-706: The designation RMS or Royal Mail Ship . The most valuable route, with the highest volume, was between Kingstown (now Dún Laoghaire) , in Ireland , and Holyhead in Wales. The line won the contract and purchased RMS Saint Columba and RMS Llwywllyn from the Admiralty. In 1859, the line ordered four additional steamers, named for four provinces of Ireland, the RMS Connaught , RMS Leinster , RMS Munster and RMS Ulster ; these four were commonly referred to as "The Provinces". In 1897,
2795-782: The direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council"—comprises 21 senators appointed by the president. The President appoints 12 Senators on the advice of the Prime Minister and two on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition.The remaining seven Senators are nominated by the President at their discretion (that is, the President is not bound by other political leaders' advice in these appointments) to represent various religious, social, economic, or other interests in Barbados. In
2860-400: The elected House of Representatives, which has 41 members elected for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies, and the Senate which has 31 members appointed by the president: 16 government senators appointed on the advice of the prime minister, 6 opposition senators appointed on the advice of the leader of the opposition and 9 independent senators appointed by
2925-551: The formation of the Irish Free State in 1922 and subsequently in the Republic of Ireland , the legislature of Ireland is known as the Oireachtas , and consists of the president; the upper house, Seanad Éireann (or Senate); and lower house, Dáil Éireann (Assembly, or House of Representatives). They are functionally similar to other bicameral parliaments, with the lower house being significantly more influential and having more power over
2990-568: The greatest number of representatives in both houses. The person which secures the support of more than half the seats in the Lok Sabha forms the Government . To form the government, parties may form a coalition. The term of a member of the Rajya Sabha is six years, while Lok Sabha members are elected for a term of five years, unless the house is dissolved sooner. Rajya Sabha is a permanent house that
3055-499: The heavy seas, the crew managed to launch several lifeboats and some passengers clung to life-rafts. The survivors were rescued by HMS Lively , HMS Mallard and HMS Seal . Among the civilian passengers lost in the sinking were socially prominent people, such as Lady Phyllis Hamilton, daughter of the Duke of Abercorn , Robert Jocelyn Alexander, son of Irish poet and hymn writer, Cecil Frances Alexander , Rev. John Bartley,
3120-535: The line added service to London and Belfast . Later, service was also provided between Glasgow and Belfast. Transatlantic service to New York started with the Royal William departing Liverpool on 5 July 1838, becoming the first steamer to depart for an Atlantic crossing from the River Mersey . In January, 1839, they were awarded a contract to provide a night mail service from Holyhead ; their ships docked at
3185-400: The line was awarded an additional 21 years for their contract with the Post Office, the CofDSPCo ordered four identical ships from Cammell Lairds of Birkenhead to replace "The Provinces"; these carried the same names as the former ships. These were twin-propeller vessels powered by an eight-cylinder steam engine, capable of 24 knots. During World War I , the company lost two steamers sunk by
3250-436: The message and was never heard from again. The following day, ten days after the sinking of the RMS Leinster , UB-123 detonated a mine while trying to cross the North Sea and return to base in Imperial Germany . There were no survivors. In 1991, the anchor of the RMS Leinster was raised by local divers. It was placed near Carlisle Pier and officially dedicated on 28 January 1996. In 2008, 90 years after its sinking,
3315-430: The monarch (represented by the governor-general), an appointed Senate, and an elected House of Assembly. It currently sits at Nassau, the national capital. The structure, functions, and procedures of the parliament are based on the Westminster system. In Bangladesh , a member of parliament is an individual who serves in the unicameral Jatiya Sangsad or House of the Nation. Members of the Jatiya Sangsad are elected at
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#17328525779143380-416: The national vote at a general election. A candidate to become an MP must be a Sri Lankan citizen and can be a holder of dual-citizenship in any other country, be at least 18 years of age, and not be a public official or officeholder. The Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago is the legislative branch of the government of Trinidad and Tobago. The Parliament is bicameral. It consists of
3445-494: The normal parliament and 400 in the "Great Parliament". The Great Parliament is elected when a new constitution is needed. There have been seven Great Parliaments in modern Bulgarian history , in 1879, 1881, 1886, 1893, 1911, 1946 and 1990. MPs in Bulgaria are called депутати ( deputies) . The member of parliament ( Khmer : សមាជិកសភា ) refers to the elected members of the National Assembly . There are 125 members of parliament in total. They are also alternatively called member of
3510-532: The number lost was somewhat higher.) The Company was not able to financially recover from this loss. Afterwards, the remaining fleet were taken over by the British & Irish Steam Packet Company . The City of Dublin Steam Packet Company was finally liquidated in 1924. Member of parliament A member of parliament ( MP ) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district . Members of parliament typically form parliamentary groups , sometimes called caucuses , with members of
3575-414: The post who represent single-constituencies, while 50 seats are reserved exclusively for women and are allocated on a proportional basis . After an election, the Election Commission allocates reserved seats to parties based on the number of general seats they won. A party then presents a list of candidates, each requiring a presenter and a seconder. If the number of candidates presented and seats allocated
3640-461: The president of Malta and the House of Representatives of 69 members (article 51 of the Constitution), referred to as "members of Parliament" (article 52(1) of the Constitution). When appointed from outside the House, the speaker is also considered a member of the Parliament. The Constitution lists the qualifications and disqualifications from serving as a member of Parliament. Privileges of members of Parliament and their Code of Ethics are laid out in
3705-412: The president to represent other sectors of civil society. The United Kingdom elects members of its parliament: and four devolved legislatures: MPs are elected in general elections and by-elections to represent constituencies , and may remain MPs until Parliament is dissolved. "If it has not been dissolved earlier, a Parliament dissolves at the beginning of the day that is the fifth anniversary of
3770-407: The prime minister and eight on the advice of the leader of the opposition. The House of Representatives, the lower house, is made up of 63 (previously 60) members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on a first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies. The National Assembly of Kenya has a total of 349 seats; 205 members are elected from the constituencies , 47 women are elected from
3835-461: The same political party . Many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members often have a different title. The terms congressman / congresswoman or deputy are equivalent terms used in other jurisdictions. The term parliamentarian is also sometimes used for members of parliament, but this may also be used to refer to unelected government officials with specific roles in
3900-492: The state legislatures and 9 belongs to the union territories of Delhi , Puducherry , and Jammu and Kashmir , and are elected by using the single transferable vote method of proportional representation . The remaining 12 members are nominated by the president for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. Each state has a fixed number of representatives allocated in each chamber, in order of their respective populations. The state of Uttar Pradesh has
3965-403: The takeover of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in August 2021, a member of parliament (MP) was a member of the lower house of the bicameral National Assembly of Afghanistan : a member of the Wolesi Jirga (House of People) held one of the in total 250 seats in the lower house. The 102 members of the upper house Meshrano Jirga (House of Elders) were called Senators. A member of Parliament
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#17328525779144030-470: The term (often a translation) for representatives in parliamentary democracies that do not follow the Westminster system and who are usually referred to in a different fashion, such as deputé in France, deputato in Italy, deputat in Bulgaria, parlamentario or diputado in Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America, deputado in Portugal and Brazil, and Mitglied des Bundestages (MdB) in Germany. However, better translations are often possible. Prior to
4095-500: The whole of Gibraltar as their constituency. A member of Parliament is a member of either of the two houses of the Indian Parliament : Lok Sabha (lower house) and Rajya Sabha (upper house). Lok Sabha has 543 seats, all of whom are directly elected by the citizens of India from each parliamentary constituency of states and union territories via first-past-the-post voting . Rajya Sabha can have 245 members, of which 238 members are indirectly elected. Of these 238 members, 229 belong to
4160-469: Was a 3,069-ton packet steamship with a service speed of 24 knots (44 km/h). The vessel, which was built at Laird's in Birkenhead , England, was driven by two independent four-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines . During the First World War , the twin-propellered ship was armed with one 12-pounder and two signal guns. The ship's log states that she carried 77 crew and 694 passengers on her final voyage. The ship had previously been attacked in
4225-414: Was among those who died, as were two prominent officials of the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union , James McCarron and Patrick Lynch. Several of the military personnel who died are buried in Grangegorman Military Cemetery . Survivors were brought to Kingstown harbour. Among them were Michael Joyce , an Irish Parliamentary Party MP for Limerick City , and Captain Hutchinson Ingham Cone of
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