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47-413: (Redirected from R-5 ) R5 may refer to: Roads or railroads [ edit ] Autopista Radial R-5 , a Spanish radial motorway R5 (RER Vaud) , an S-Bahn line in the canton of Vaud R5 expressway (Slovakia) R5 road (Zimbabwe) , a road connecting Harare with Mutare Radial Road 5 or R-5, an arterial road of Manila, Philippines Line R5,

94-516: A 1918 R-class coastal and harbor defense submarine of the United States Navy Cars [ edit ] Jaguar R5 , a Jaguar Racing car for the 2004 Formula One season Renault 5 , a French automobile R5 (rallying) a class within Group R regulations for rallying Aircraft [ edit ] Kinner R-5 , a popular engine for light general and sport aircraft Polikarpov R-5 ,

141-650: A British radio station Jordan Aviation , IATA airline designator Malta Air Charter , former IATA airline designator R5 series of preferred numbers Radeon R5, graphics processing units in the Radeon 200 series a type of droid from Star Wars , such as R5-D4 R5 Hastings St , an express bus service in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Canon EOS R5 , a Canon full-frame mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera See also [ edit ] 5R (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

188-631: A commuter rail service on the Llobregat–Anoia Line , in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain R5 Doylestown , a rail line in Philadelphia, USA R5 Paoli-Thorndale , a rail line in Philadelphia, USA Ships [ edit ] HMS Invincible (R05) , a 1980 British Royal Navy light aircraft carrier HMS Urania (R05) , a World War II British Royal Navy U-class destroyer USS  R-5 (SS-82),

235-567: A larger network of road than motorways, Spain is one of the countries with the lowest motorway fatality-rates per 1.000 km of motorways, after Finland, Denmark, Croatia, and Hungary: 18.1 fatalities per 1000 kilometers of motorways. Source: [1] Spain uses this color code for highways. Most of the high capacity roads in Spain are under the authority of the General Roads Directorate ( Spanish : Dirección General de Carreteras ) of

282-528: A reconnaissance biplane widespread in the Soviet Union before World War II Sikorsky R-5 , an early USAF designation of Sikorsky S-51 helicopter, changed to H-5 Thomas-Morse R-5 , a 1920s American racing aircraft Buildings [ edit ] Regjeringskvartalet , a building in the Norwegian Government quarter (Norw. Regjeringskvartalet) Weapons [ edit ] R5 assault rifle ,

329-455: A risk phrase in chemistry receptor 5 , the fifth in line of a series of cellular receptors , generally at the end of an acronym Other uses [ edit ] R5 (band) , an American pop-rock band R5 (bootleg) , a copy of a movie made with a telecine machine from an analog source Region 5, the DVD region code for most of Africa, Asia, and the former Soviet Union BBC Radio 5 Live ,

376-662: A variant of the South African R4 assault rifle compact carbine R-5 Pobeda , a theatre ballistic missile developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War Medicine and chemistry [ edit ] R5 virus, a form of HIV tropism ATC code R05 Cough and cold preparations , a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Cough ICD-10 R5: Heating may cause an explosion ,

423-505: Is considered that the construction of motorways has helped to increase safety in Spanish roads, while generating a traffic increase. Fatalities on motorways have decreased from 776 in 2006 to 277 in 2015. Spain is one of the countries of the EU with most of the road fatalities occurring on motorways rather than on other roads: 16% in 2015. But the same year, taking into account the fact that Spain has

470-443: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Autopista Radial R-5 The Spanish motorway (highway) network is the third largest in the world, by length. As of 2019 , there are 17,228 km (10,705 mi) of High Capacity Roads ( Spanish : Vías de Gran Capacidad ) in the country. There are two main types of such roads, autopistas and autovías , which differed in

517-622: Is the case, for example, with the AS-III, which is an upgrade of the AS-17. The prefix is always AS, and Roman numerals are used. *: planned/in construction All of the roads in the Balearic Islands were transferred to the regional government when the Autonomous Community was formed, and several are now under the competence of the several Island Councils ( Consell Insular ). The prefix denotes

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564-486: Is the desired number of divisions within the major step size of twelve. Similarly, a base of two, eight, or sixteen would fit nicely with the binary units commonly found in computer science. Each of the Renard sequences can be reduced to a subset by taking every n th value in a series, which is designated by adding the number n after a slash. For example, "R10″/3 (1…1000)" designates a series consisting of every third value in

611-587: The A-381 or Bull's route (90 km from Jerez de la Frontera to Algeciras) *: planned/in construction The community of Aragon has only very recently started building its own highway network. The first span was opened to traffic just in 2008, and there are at least three more highways in study. Due to the limited financial capabilities of the Aragon regional government, many of them might be built as toll roads . *: in construction — †: planned The highway network in

658-548: The AP-68 are under the direct authority of the Spanish government as part of the Red de carreteras del Estado (National Road Network). Currently, roads are managed by the three Diputaciones Forales of the Basque provinces. The fact that such transfer took place before the thorough renaming of national roads and highways in 2003 makes the naming of transferred "national" highways inconsistent with

705-582: The Autonomous Communities, splitting them up as necessary; while the national roads (N-nnn) that formed the primary network were mostly kept by the State. The level of control each community has over its road network varies: the Basque Country and Navarre have received the titularity of nearly all roads in their territories, while in other communities the regional network coexists with and complements

752-717: The Ministry of Public Works, a department of the central Government of Spain , with the exceptions of Navarre and the Basque Country , the only autonomous communities which have been transferred full powers over all roads in their territories. Usually, the DGC manages all road maintenance, but in the case of the tolled autopistas , the management is commonly delegated to the concessionaire company. Traditionally, purpose-built autopistas or autovías were assigned names starting with A plus one or two numbers describing their general orientation, while upgraded autovías kept their original names. Thus,

799-633: The R20, R40, and R80 series can be applied. The R20 series is usually rounded to a multiple of 0.05, and the R40 and R80 values interpolate between the R20 values, rather than being powers of the 80th root of 10 rounded correctly. In the table below, the additional R80 values are written to the right of the R40 values in the column named "R80 add'l". The R40 numbers 3.00 and 6.00 are higher than they "should" be by interpolation, in order to give rounder numbers. In some applications more rounded values are desirable, either because

846-560: The R″10 series from 1 to 1000, that is, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, 120, 250, 500, 1000. Such narrowing of the general original series brings the opposite idea of deepening the series and to redefine it by a strict simple formula. As the beginning of the selected series seen higher, the {1, 2, 4, 8, ...} series can be defined as binary. That means that the R10 series can be formulated as R10 ≈ bR3 = √ 2 , generating just 9 values of R10, just because of

893-514: The Spanish Traffic Law as 60–120 km/h (35–75 mph), though there are groups that ask for the latter to be raised to 140 km/h (85 mph). Specific limits may be imposed based on road, meteorologic or traffic conditions. Autopistas are specifically reserved for automobile travel, so all vehicles not able to sustain at least 60 km/h (35 mph) are banned from them. Thus, they may not be an upgrade to an older road, since

940-543: The Spanish legislation requires an alternative route to be provided for such vehicles. Many, but not all, autopistas are toll roads, which also mandates an alternative toll-free route (though not necessarily a freeway) under the Spanish laws. An example is the AP-2 toll autopista, which links Zaragoza with Barcelona through the Monegros desert . In this case, the alternative is the N-II ,

987-797: The authority of the Autonomous Communities . For example, the A-8 road in the Basque Country is a tolled autopista , as are the C-16, C-32 and C-33 in Catalonia. Other communities such as Madrid do follow the convention, and have names as MP-203 for a tolled road and M-501 for a free autovía . Furthermore, roads under the authority of the Andalusian government also start with A, but they have longer numeric codes and different coloring. The roads listed below form

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1034-885: The backbone of the Spanish high capacity network, connecting all provincial capitals and other major towns and destinations. Until recently, the network suffered from a high radiality, which collapsed the several Madrid beltways and the roads into the city and region. Since the 2000s, an effort to improve the situation was made based on two actions: *: under construction † : planned Fraga — AP-2 — Lleida (A-22, LL-11) — Cervera (C-25) — Martorell (AP-7) — B-23 — L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (B-10) Tordera (C-32) — * — Caldes de Malavella — Fornells de la Selva — † — Girona — † — Figueres — † — France Southern span : La Robla (N-630) — † — León (AP-66/AP-71, A-231) — Benavente (A-52/A-6) — Zamora (A-11) — Salamanca (A-62) — Plasencia (EX-A1) — Cáceres — Mérida (A-5) — Seville (SE-30) Most beltways, full or partial, have originated from

1081-569: The example of the other insular community in Spain, all roads in the Canary Islands are under the authority of either the regional government or one of the several Island Councils ( cabildo insular ). The prefix denotes the island, and identifiers are usually white on blue background. Another community that has recently started building its own high capacity road network, Castilla-La Mancha has completed one autovía and has at least five more in varied states of advanced planning and building. In

1128-568: The fact that most regional roads start with the letter A (for Andalucía ), which is also used by the national government for highways. The most notable Andalusian freeways are the A-92 or Washington Irving 's route (with 400 km from Seville to Granada and Almería is the longest regional freeway in Spain), the A-316 & A-318 or Olive Tree's route (200 km from Estepa to Úbeda, still under construction) and

1175-400: The fifth root of 10, rounded to two digits. The Renard numbers are not always rounded to the closest three-digit number to the theoretical geometric sequence: If a finer resolution is needed, another five numbers are added to the series, one after each of the original R5 numbers, and one ends up with the R10 series. These are rounded to a multiple of 0.05. Where an even finer grading is needed,

1222-409: The first to be twinned in the 60s into dual carriageways (with at-level intersections) and then were upgraded to limited-access freeways in the 70s-80s, keeping most of their old route unchanged except where the old national road ventured into towns. In those cases, the freeway would make a semi-loop called a variante around the town, leaving the old national road as the access between the freeway and

1269-510: The flat La Mancha , relief does not usually require costly tunnels and bridges, though the region does contain several nature reserves including the Tablas de Daimiel National Park wetlands. Highway identifiers are white on blue background. Borox — * — Añover de Tajo *: in construction — †: planned The largest community in Spain by land area, Castile and León has a dense road network, but until recently most of its highways had been part of

1316-491: The freeway that is currently known as A-5 was still reported as N-V in road signs for years after the upgrade was completed, making it difficult for drivers to know in advance which roads had become autovías. However, in 2003 all Spanish motorways were uniformly renamed with the following criteria: All such names are posted in white letters on blue background, like:  A-49  or  AP-4  . Note that none of these naming and coloring requisites affect roads under

1363-452: The island, and the second letter (if any) is lowercase. Autopista identifiers are white on blue background, while twinned roads closer to the autovía category keep their identifiers. A special case together with Navarre, the Basque Country has received full powers over most roads in its territory, including the national roads that comprised the primary network, and nowadays only the AP-1 and

1410-516: The kind of periodicity. This way rounding is eliminated, as the 3 values of the first period are repeated multiplied by 2. The usual cons however is that the thousand product of such multiplication is shifted slightly: Instead of decadic 1000, the binary 1024 appears, as classics in IT. The pro is that the characteristics is now fully valid, that whatever value multiplied by 2 is also member of the series, any rounding effectively eliminated. The multiplication by 2

1457-407: The main lanes, which are better represented by the dual carriageway concept. Avenida de la Paz (Eastern section) A-1/M-11—A-2—M-23—A-3—A-4 Avenida del Manzanares (Western section) A-4-A-42—A-5—M-500—A-6—M-40 Avenida de la Ilustración (Northern section, unfinished) M-40 * M-607 * A-1/M-11 *: under construction The formation of the several Autonomous Communities in the early 1980s led to

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1504-454: The mountainous Principality of Asturias is severely limited by the complexity of its relief, with a dense network of river valleys in between ranges such as the Picos de Europa . Vertebral Asturian motorways have identifiers in the style of national ones, that is, white text on blue background, while roads in process of upgrading keep their old nomenclature until the full route is completed. Such

1551-632: The national network: the A-1 is still called the N-I in the Basque Country, and the same identifier (A-8) applies to the tolled and toll-free parts of the Autopista del Cantábrico in Biscay. Furthermore, new highways built since then by the provinces have one of the following prefixes: A for Álava -Araba , BI for Biscay ( Vizcaya-Bizkaia ) or GI for Guipúzcoa -Gipuzkoa . *: in construction — †: planned Following

1598-552: The national one. Whatever the extension of the road network under its control, all communities have full powers over naming and identification of their roads, provided no name conflicts with a national road or a regional road of a neighbouring community. The regional highway network of Andalusia is very extensive, as the territory itself spans nearly a fifth of Spain. There are no special codes for identifying highways: upgraded roads usually keep their name and sign color (orange, green or yellow). However, confusion sometimes arises due to

1645-496: The national road that preceded the A-2 autovía. On the other hand, autovías are usually (though not always) upgrades from older roads, and always untolled. In general, slow vehicles like bicycles and agricultural machinery are allowed under certain restrictions so as to not disrupt the traffic excessively or cause any danger. Furthermore, an autovía will most likely follow the original road very closely, only deviating from it to bypass

1692-583: The national system. The terrain is varied, from the plains of the Meseta to the rugosities of the Montes de León , and archeological remains abound. Regional highways are renamed to A-nnn, always with three digits to avoid clashes with the national network, but usually keeping the original number of the upgraded regional road CL-nnn. Identifiers are white on blue background. R5 series The most basic R5 series consists of these five rounded numbers, which are powers of

1739-473: The numbers from the normal series would imply an unrealistically high accuracy, or because an integer value is needed (e.g., the number of teeth in a gear). For these needs, more rounded versions of the Renard series have been defined in ISO ;3. In the table below, rounded values that differ from their less rounded counterparts are shown in bold. As the Renard numbers repeat after every 10-fold change of

1786-559: The operations at four new motorways were transferred to private companies, three by the Catalan region and one by the national government. Building of new sections of autovia was increased before the 1992 Olympic Games and the Sevilla World Fair. The 1984-1992 National Plan built around 3500 kilometers of new autovia , to reach a network length of 6000 kilometres by 1992, at a cost of 184 million pesetas (around 1 million euros). At

1833-447: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R5&oldid=1221962149 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1880-530: The same time, the new autovia standard was closer to the autopista standard, as the old autovia standard was understood as not providing enough safety. This generated increasing project costs. Since traffic density is generally lower in Spain than France, it was required that some motorways were to be untolled. Despite a lower traffic density, Spanish motorways remain profitable, because tolls are twice higher in Spain than in France. Between 2005 and 2014, Spain

1927-449: The scale, they are particularly well-suited for use with SI units. It makes no difference whether the Renard numbers are used with metres or millimetres . But one would need to use an appropriate number base to avoid ending up with two incompatible sets of nicely spaced dimensions, if for instance they were applied with both inches and feet . In the case of inches and feet a root of 12 would be desirable, that is, √ 12 where n

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1974-460: The strictness of the standards they are held to. Between 1990 and 2012 Spain had one of the highest rates of motorway growth in Europe. The first motorways named autopista were financed using sovereign debt. At the end of the 1980s, and before Olympic Games in 1992 in Barcelona, the autonomous Catalan government was interested in increasing the speed limit on new motorways. Between 1987 and 1990,

2021-420: The town. New autovías usually have perfectly normal acceleration and deceleration lanes, very safe turns and transitable shoulders. Thus, the practical difference between a "new" autovía and a generic autopista is mainly the frequency of exits, which is usually higher in an autovía - upgraded from an old road with many crosses - than in a new, purpose-designed autopista with fewer preconditions imposed on it. It

2068-451: The towns (which are looped around in variantes ). Thus, the upgraded road usually serves as the base for one of the two directions of the new autovía, which means the turns can be steeper than in autopistas. All in all, an autovía : However, most of the situations listed here only apply to the oldest autovías, and mainly to the radial A-1 through A-6 plus the A-42 near their endpoints, which were

2115-416: The transfer of many roads to the new regional authorities. Since then, several of those roads have been upgraded to motorway level in order to ensure the internal vertebration of the region, or to provide alternative high-capacity routes to those managed by the national government when those were inadequate or saturated. All of the old comarcal roads (C-nnn) comprising the secondary network were transferred to

2162-420: The upgrading of one or several roads reaching the town to the autovía level, as the several variantes looping around the town were joined in a single beltway that received a new naming such as TO-20 or Z-40. The list below only contains roads that are recognized as autovías or autopistas for at least part of its length, thus disqualifying urban arteries with at-grade intersections or unrestricted direct access to

2209-412: Was the EU country which best performed for decreasing fatalities on motorways, with a decrease score of 66%. The distinction between two kinds of high capacity roads is mainly a historical one, seldom with practical consequences for most but the oldest motorways. Both kinds are divided highways with full access control and at least two lanes per direction. General speed limits for both are mandated by

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