83-568: The Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering , also known as the QEPrize , is a global prize for engineering and innovation. The prize was launched in 2012 by a cross-party group consisting of David Cameron , Nick Clegg , and Ed Miliband , then Prime Minister , Deputy Prime Minister and Leader of the Opposition of the United Kingdom. The £500,000 prize, and 3D printed trophy, are awarded annually in
166-449: A one-nation conservative and has been associated with both economically liberal and socially liberal policies. Born in London to an upper-middle-class family, Cameron was educated at Eton College and Brasenose College, Oxford . After becoming an MP in 2001, he served in the opposition Shadow Cabinet under Conservative leader Michael Howard , and succeeded Howard in 2005 . Following
249-539: A "Bill of Rights" to replace the Human Rights Act , however, Bogdanor, himself a Liberal Democrat , said: "I think he is very confused. I've read his speech and it's filled with contradictions. There are one or two good things in it but one glimpses them, as it were, through a mist of misunderstanding". While at Oxford, Cameron was a member of the Bullingdon Club , an exclusive all male student dining society with
332-458: A "his and her list" of proposals made by Howard and his wife, Sandra . Lewis said that Sandra Howard's list included reducing the quality of prison food , although she denied this claim. Lewis reported that Cameron was "uncomfortable" about the list. In defending Sandra Howard and insisting that she made no such proposal, the journalist Bruce Anderson wrote that Cameron had proposed a much shorter definition on prison catering which revolved around
415-486: A '1' grade in the scholarship level exam in economics and politics. The following autumn, he passed the entrance exam for the University of Oxford , and was offered an exhibition at Brasenose College . After leaving Eton in 1984 Cameron started a nine-month gap year . For three months, he worked as a researcher for his godfather Tim Rathbone , then Conservative MP for Lewes , during which time he attended debates in
498-432: A 50/50 chance, but as the campaign wore on and the scale of the impending Conservative defeat grew, Cameron prepared himself for defeat. On election day, Stafford had a swing of 10.7%, almost the same as the national swing, which made it one of the many seats to fall to Labour: Kidney defeated Cameron by 24,606 votes (47.5%) to 20,292 (39.2%), a majority of 4,314 (8.3%). In the round of selection contests taking place in
581-470: A 78% turnout , to Davis's 64,398. Although Davis had initially been the favourite, it was widely acknowledged that his candidacy was marred by a disappointing conference speech. Cameron's election as the leader of the Conservative Party and leader of the opposition was announced on 6 December 2005. As is customary for an opposition leader not already a member, upon election Cameron became a member of
664-486: A candidate. Parliamentary colleagues supporting him included Boris Johnson, shadow chancellor George Osborne, shadow defence secretary and deputy leader of the party Michael Ancram , Oliver Letwin and former party leader William Hague . His campaign did not gain wide support until his speech, delivered without notes, at the 2005 Conservative party conference . In the speech, he vowed to make people "feel good about being Conservatives again" and said he wanted "to switch on
747-485: A constituency revised in boundary changes, which was projected to have a Conservative majority. The incumbent Conservative MP, Bill Cash , ran instead in the neighbouring constituency of Stone , where he was re-elected. At the 1996 Conservative Party Conference, Cameron called for tax cuts in the forthcoming Budget to be targeted at the low-paid and to "small businesses where people took money out of their own pockets to put into companies to keep them going". He also said
830-599: A descendant of the Yiddish author Elia Levita . Cameron was educated at two private schools . From the age of seven, he was taught at Heatherdown School in Winkfield , Berkshire. Owing to good grades, he entered its top academic class almost two years early. At the age of 13, he went on to Eton College in Berkshire, following his father and elder brother. His early interest was in art. Six weeks before taking his O levels , he
913-657: A global community in 2016. The QEPrize is a major funder of the Engineers' Gallery which opened in June 2023 in the Science Museum, London . The gallery features all QEPrize winners arranged around the themes of Bodies, Lives, Communications and Creating. The QEPrize trophy is designed by the winner of the Create the Trophy competition which, like the prize itself, runs annually. The competition
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#1732858318945996-502: A great deal of effort into "nursing" his potential constituency, turning up at social functions and attacking Woodward for changing his mind on fox hunting to support a ban. During the election campaign, Cameron accepted the offer of writing a regular column for The Guardian ' s online section. He won the seat with a 1.9% swing to the Conservatives, taking 22,153 votes (45%) to Labour candidate Michael Bartlet's 14,180 (28.8%),
1079-544: A majority of 7,973 (16.2%). Upon his election to Parliament, Cameron served as a member of the Commons Home Affairs Select Committee , a prominent appointment for a newly elected MP. He proposed that the Committee launch an inquiry into the law on drugs, and urged the consideration of "radical options". The report recommended a downgrading of ecstasy from Class A to Class B, as well as moves towards
1162-557: A policy of ' harm reduction ', which Cameron defended. Cameron endorsed Iain Duncan Smith in the 2001 Conservative Party leadership election and organised an event in Witney for party supporters to hear John Bercow speaking for him. Two days before Duncan Smith won the leadership contest on 13 September 2001, the 9/11 attacks occurred. Cameron described Tony Blair's response to the attacks as "masterful", saying: "He moved fast, and set
1245-535: A question about whether he most regretted claiming to see "the green shoots of recovery" or admitting to "singing in his bath" with happiness at leaving the European Exchange Rate Mechanism. Cameron was identified by one journalist as having inspired this gaffe; it was speculated that the heavy Conservative defeat in Newbury may have cost Cameron his chance of becoming chancellor himself, even though as he
1328-654: A referendum on the UK's continuing membership of the European Union in 2016. He supported the Britain Stronger in Europe campaign which lost. Following the success of Vote Leave , Cameron resigned as prime minister and was succeeded by Theresa May , his Home Secretary. Cameron resigned his seat on 12 September 2016, and maintained a low political profile. He served as the president of Alzheimer's Research UK from 2017 to 2023, and
1411-506: A reputation for an outlandish drinking culture associated with boisterous behaviour and damaging property. In his 2019 memoir For the Record , Cameron wrote about being a member of the Bullingdon and its impact on his political career, saying: "When I look now at the much-reproduced photograph taken of our group of appallingly over-self-confident 'sons of privilege', I cringe. If I had known at
1494-463: A roundtable discussion on the future of broadcasting in 1998, he criticised the effect of overlapping different regulators on the industry. Carlton's consortium did win the digital terrestrial franchise, but the resulting company suffered difficulties in attracting subscribers. Cameron resigned as Director of Corporate Affairs in February 2001 to run for Parliament for a second time, although he remained on
1577-478: A safe Conservative seat, but its sitting MP Shaun Woodward (who had worked with Cameron on the 1992 election campaign) had "crossed the floor" to join the Labour Party, and was selected instead for the safe Labour seat of St Helens South . Cameron's biographers Francis Elliott and James Hanning describe the two men as being "on fairly friendly terms". Cameron, advised in his strategy by friend Catherine Fall , put
1660-518: A vote on allowing same-sex and unmarried couples to adopt children jointly, against a whip to oppose; his abstention was noted. The wide scale of abstentions and rebellious votes destabilised the Duncan Smith leadership. In June 2003 Cameron was appointed a shadow minister in the Privy Council Office as a deputy to Eric Forth , then shadow leader of the House . He also became a vice- chairman of
1743-412: A whole new generation." His speech was well-received; The Daily Telegraph said speaking without notes "showed a sureness and a confidence that is greatly to his credit". In the first ballot of Conservative MPs on 18 October 2005, Cameron came second, with 56 votes, slightly more than expected; David Davis had fewer than predicted at 62 votes; Liam Fox came third with 42 votes; and Kenneth Clarke
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#17328583189451826-459: Is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016. After his premiership , he served as Foreign Secretary in Rishi Sunak ’s government from 2023 to 2024. Cameron was Leader of the Conservative Party from 2005 to 2016. He was Leader of the Opposition from 2005 to 2010 and Member of Parliament (MP) for Witney from 2001 to 2016. Cameron identifies as
1909-444: Is an international network that brings together the best and brightest early-career engineers from all fields around the world, who work to inspire the next generation to take up the challenges of the future. QEPrize ambassadors act as evangelists for engineering, engaging with teachers, parents, school children, politicians, and journalists about their work and why engineering is such an important profession. The Ambassador Network became
1992-401: Is awarded for engineering-led advances that are judged to be of tangible and widespread benefit to the public. The foundation invites nominations from the public, engineering and science academies, universities, research organisations, and commercial organisations from anywhere in the world; self-nomination is not permitted, and the prize is not awarded posthumously. The judging panel works from
2075-417: Is open to those aged between 14 and 24, and is intended to encourage young people to develop 3D design skills. Entries are submitted online through an app. 2013: Jennifer Leggett, 17. Leggett was invited to spend the day with designer Thomas Heatherwick before the design was finalised. 2015: Euan Fairholm, 20, a mechanical engineering student at The University of Glasgow. His design, "The Golden Crown",
2158-452: Is the younger son of Ian Donald Cameron, a stockbroker, and his wife Mary Fleur, a retired Justice of the Peace and daughter of Sir William Mount, 2nd Baronet . He is also a descendant of William IV through one of the king's illegitimate children. Cameron's father, Ian, was born at Blairmore House near Huntly , Aberdeenshire, and died near Toulon , France, on 8 September 2010; Blairmore
2241-448: The 1997 general election . Major and Lamont's personal ratings also declined dramatically. Lamont's unpopularity did not necessarily affect Cameron, who was considered as a potential " kamikaze " candidate for the Newbury by-election , which includes the area where he grew up. However, Cameron decided not to stand. During the by-election, Lamont gave the response " Je ne regrette rien " to
2324-760: The 2010 general election , negotiations led to Cameron becoming prime minister as the head of a coalition government with the Liberal Democrats . His premiership was marked by the effects of the 2007–2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession , which his government sought to address through austerity measures . His administration passed the Health and Social Care Act and the Welfare Reform Act , which introduced large-scale changes to healthcare and welfare . It also enforced stricter immigration policies via
2407-576: The Home Office hostile environment policy , introduced reforms to education under Michael Gove as Education Secretary and oversaw the 2012 London Olympics . Cameron's administration privatised Royal Mail and some other state assets, and legalised same-sex marriage in England and Wales . Internationally, Cameron oversaw Operation Ellamy in the First Libyan Civil War and authorised the bombing of
2490-810: The House of Commons . Through his father, he was then employed for a further three months in Hong Kong by Jardine Matheson as a 'ship jumper', an administrative post. Returning from Hong Kong, Cameron visited the then- Soviet Union , where he was approached by two Russian men speaking fluent English. He was later told by one of his professors that it was "definitely an attempt" by the KGB to recruit him. In October 1985 Cameron began his Bachelor of Arts course in Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at Brasenose College, Oxford. His tutor, Vernon Bogdanor , has described him as "one of
2573-596: The Islamic State in Syria. Domestically, his government oversaw the 2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum and Scottish independence referendum , both of which confirmed Cameron's favoured outcome. When the Conservatives secured an unexpected majority in the 2015 general election , he remained as prime minister, this time leading a Conservative-only government known as the Second Cameron ministry . Cameron introduced
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2656-516: The Labour Party , Cameron retired from frontline politics. However, he maintains his House of Lords seat. As prime minister, Cameron was credited for helping to modernise the Conservative Party and for reducing the UK's national deficit. However, he was subject to criticism for austerity measures. In historical rankings of prime ministers of the United Kingdom , academics and journalists have ranked him in
2739-647: The Movement for European Reform with the Czech Civic Democratic Party , leading to the formation of a new European Parliament group, the European Conservatives and Reformists , in 2009 after the European Parliament elections . Cameron attended a gathering at Warsaw 's Palladium cinema celebrating the foundation of the alliance. In forming the caucus, which had 54 MEPs drawn from eight of
2822-608: The Privy Council , being formally approved to join on 14 December 2005, and sworn of the council on 8 March 2006. Cameron's relative youth and inexperience before becoming leader invited satirical comparison with Tony Blair. Private Eye soon published a picture of both leaders on its front cover, with the caption "World's first face transplant a success". On the left, the New Statesman unfavourably likened his "new style of politics" to Tony Blair's early leadership years. Cameron
2905-517: The 27 EU member states , Cameron reportedly broke with two decades of Conservative co-operation with the centre-right Christian Democrats, the European People's Party (EPP), on the grounds that they are dominated by European federalists and supporters of the Lisbon treaty . EPP leader Wilfried Martens , former prime minister of Belgium , stated: "Cameron's campaign has been to take his party back to
2988-690: The British Royal Family . The QEPrize award ceremony takes place in the same year as the announcement. The QEPrize trophy is designed by the winner of the Create the Trophy competition, presented to the winner(s) by a member of the Royal Family. In the first two prize cycles, the trophy was presented by the Queen . In subsequent cycles, the trophy has been presented by the King, formally the Prince of Wales . On 25 June
3071-541: The Conservative Party when Michael Howard took over the leadership in November of that year. He was appointed Opposition frontbench local government spokesman in 2004, before being promoted to the Shadow Cabinet that June as head of policy co-ordination . Later, he became Shadow Education Secretary in the post-election reshuffle. Daniel Finkelstein has said of the period leading up to Cameron's election as leader of
3154-449: The Conservative Party's mission into a "PR agenda". Traditionalist conservative columnist and author Peter Hitchens wrote: "Mr Cameron has abandoned the last significant difference between his party and the established left", by embracing social liberalism. The Daily Telegraph correspondent and blogger Gerald Warner was particularly scathing about Cameron's leadership, saying that it alienated traditionalist conservative elements from
3237-554: The Conservative Party. Before he became Conservative leader, Cameron was reportedly known to friends and family as "Dave", though his preference is "David" in public. Labour used the slogan Dave the Chameleon in their 2006 local elections party broadcast to portray Cameron as an ever-changing populist , which was criticised as negative campaigning by the Conservative press, including The Daily Telegraph , though Cameron asserted
3320-446: The Conservative party that "a small group of us (myself, David Cameron, George Osborne, Michael Gove , Nick Boles , Nick Herbert I think, once or twice) used to meet up in the offices of Policy Exchange , eat pizza, and consider the future of the Conservative Party". Cameron's relationship with Osborne is regarded as particularly close; Conservative MP Nadhim Zahawi suggested the closeness of Osborne's relationship with Cameron meant
3403-547: The Party "should be proud of the Tory tax record but that people needed reminding of its achievements ... It's time to return to our tax-cutting agenda. The socialist prime ministers of Europe have endorsed Tony Blair because they want a federal pussy cat and not a British lion." When writing his election address, Cameron made his own opposition to British membership of the single European currency clear, pledging not to support it. This
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3486-840: The Prince of Wales in a ceremony at Buckingham Palace. On 8 December, the winners received their award from the Prince of Wales in a ceremony St James's Palace. In 2022, the judges for the Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering were: Professor Jim Al-Khalili , Dr John Anderson, Professor Brito Cruz, Dr Jean-Lou Chameau, Josephine Cheng, Abdigani Diriye , Alan Finkel , Professor Jinghai Li, Ilya Espino de Marotta , Raghunath Anant Mashelkar , Professor Tatsuya Okubo, Professor Viola Vogel, Paul Westbury , and Henry T. Yang . The Chair of Judges include: Lord Alec Broers (2013–2015), Sir Christopher Snowden (2015–2021) and Professor Dame Lynn Gladden (2022–present). The QEPrize Ambassador Network
3569-571: The ablest" students he has taught, with "moderate and sensible Conservative" political views . Guy Spier , who shared tutorials with Cameron, remembers him as an outstanding student: "We were doing our best to grasp basic economic concepts. David—there was nobody else who came even close. He would be integrating them with the way the British political system is put together. He could have lectured me on it, and I would have sat there and taken notes." When commenting in 2006 on his former pupil's ideas about
3652-450: The agenda both at home and abroad. He correctly identified the problem of Islamist extremism , the inadequacy of our response both domestically and internationally, and supported—quite rightly in my view—the action to remove the Taliban regime from Afghanistan ." Cameron determinedly attempted to increase his public visibility, offering quotations on matters of public controversy. He opposed
3735-701: The best economic team." The reshuffle also saw eight other changes made. During his successful 2005 campaign to be elected leader of the Conservative Party, Cameron pledged that the Conservative Party's members of the European Parliament would leave the European People's Party group, which had a "federalist" approach to the European Union. Once elected, Cameron began discussions with right-wing and Eurosceptic parties in other European countries, mainly in eastern Europe; in July 2006, he concluded an agreement to form
3818-474: The broadcast had become his daughter's "favourite video". During the leadership election, allegations were made that Cameron had used cannabis and cocaine recreationally before becoming an MP. Pressed on this point during the BBC television programme Question Time , Cameron expressed the view that everybody was allowed to "err and stray" in their past. During his 2005 Conservative leadership campaign, he addressed
3901-589: The centre in every policy area with one major exception: Europe. ... I can't understand his tactics. Merkel and Sarkozy will never accept his Euroscepticism." Similarly, Cameron's initial " A-List " of prospective parliamentary candidates was attacked by members of his party, and the policy was discontinued in favour of gender -balanced final shortlists. Before being discontinued, the policy had been criticised by senior Conservative MP and former Prisons Spokeswoman Ann Widdecombe as an "insult to women", and she had accused Cameron of "storing up huge problems for
3984-419: The economic crisis. Lamont fell out with John Major after Black Wednesday and became highly unpopular with the public. Taxes needed to be raised in the 1993 Budget, and Cameron fed the options Lamont was considering through to Conservative Campaign Headquarters for their political acceptability to be assessed. By May 1993, the Conservatives' average poll rating dropped below 30%, where they would remain until
4067-565: The fourth and third quintiles. Cameron was the first former prime minister to be appointed to a ministerial post since Alec Douglas-Home in 1970, and the first former prime minister to be raised to the peerage since Margaret Thatcher . David William Donald Cameron was born on 9 October 1966 at the London Clinic in Marylebone , London, and raised at Peasemore in Berkshire. He has two sisters and an elder brother, Alexander Cameron . Cameron
4150-418: The future." In April 2009 The Independent reported that in 1989, while Nelson Mandela remained imprisoned under the apartheid regime, Cameron had accepted a trip to South Africa paid for by an anti-sanctions lobby firm. A spokesperson for him responded by saying that the Conservative Party was at that time opposed to sanctions against South Africa and that his trip was a fact-finding mission. However,
4233-476: The house of Alan Duncan in Gayfere Street , Westminster , which had been Major's campaign headquarters during his bid for the Conservative leadership. Cameron headed the economic section. It was while working on this campaign that Cameron first worked closely with and befriended Steve Hilton , who was later to become Director of Strategy during his party leadership. The strain of getting up at 04:45 every day
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#17328583189454316-507: The influence of Howard's Special Advisers, saying previous incumbents "would listen to the evidence before making a decision. Howard just talks to young public school gentlemen from the party headquarters." In July 1994 Cameron left his role as Special Adviser to work as the Director of Corporate Affairs at Carlton Communications . Carlton, which had won the ITV franchise for London weekdays in 1991,
4399-635: The information provided in the nomination, comments from referees and any additional information required in order to establish which nomination most fully meets the following prize criteria: The winner(s) of the QEPrize are announced every year by the Chairman of the QEPrize Foundation. In the first four prize cycles, this announcement was held at the Royal Academy of Engineering and was attended by members of
4482-679: The name of Queen Elizabeth II (the prize was biennial until 2021). The prize is run by the Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering Foundation, a charitable company. The Foundation is chaired by Sir Patrick Vallance , with Yewande Akinola, John Hennessy, Anji Hunter, Robert Langer, Professor Sir Jim McDonald and Dame Anne Richards serving as trustees. The QEPrize is funded by donations from the following international companies: BAE Systems , BP , GSK , Hitachi Ltd. , Jaguar Land Rover , National Grid , Nissan Motor Corporation , Shell , Siemens UK , Sony , Tata Consultancy Services , Tata Steel and Toshiba . The Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering
4565-421: The newspaper reported that Cameron's then superior at Conservative Research Department called the trip "jolly", saying that "it was all terribly relaxed, just a little treat, a perk of the job. The Botha regime was attempting to make itself look less horrible, but I don't regard it as having been of the faintest political consequence." Cameron distanced himself from his party's history of opposing sanctions against
4648-673: The payment of compensation to Gurbux Singh, who had resigned as head of the Commission for Racial Equality after a confrontation with the police; and commented that the Home Affairs Select Committee had taken a long time to discuss whether the phrase "black market" should be used. Cameron was passed over for a front-bench promotion in July 2002. Conservative leader Iain Duncan Smith did invite Cameron and his ally George Osborne to coach him on Prime Minister's Questions in November 2002. The next week, Cameron deliberately abstained in
4731-530: The payroll as a consultant. Having been approved for the PPCs' list, Cameron began looking for a seat to contest for the 1997 general election . He was reported to have missed out on selection for Ashford in December 1994, after failing to get to the selection meeting as a result of train delays. In January 1996, when two shortlisted contenders dropped out, Cameron was interviewed and subsequently selected for Stafford ,
4814-601: The phrase "balanced diet", and that Lewis had written thanking Cameron for a valuable contribution. During his work for Howard, Cameron often briefed the media. In March 1994, someone leaked to the press that the Labour Party had called for a meeting with John Major to discuss a consensus on the Prevention of Terrorism Act . After an inquiry failed to find the source of the leak, Labour MP Peter Mandelson demanded assurance from Howard that Cameron had not been responsible, which Howard gave. A senior Home Office civil servant noted
4897-662: The question of drug consumption by remarking: "I did lots of things before I came into politics which I shouldn't have done. We all did." His Shadow Cabinet appointments included MPs associated with the various wings of the party. Former leader William Hague was appointed to the foreign affairs brief, while both George Osborne and David Davis were retained, as shadow chancellor of the Exchequer and Shadow Home Secretary , respectively. Hague, assisted by Davis, stood in for Cameron during his paternity leave in February 2006. In June 2008 Davis announced his intention to resign as an MP , and
4980-535: The regime. He was criticised by Labour MP Peter Hain , himself an anti-apartheid campaigner. At the launch of the Conservative Party's education manifesto in January 2010, Cameron declared an admiration for the "brazenly elite" approach to education of countries such as Singapore and South Korea , and expressed a desire to "elevate the status of teaching in our country". He suggested the adoption of more stringent criteria for entry to teaching, and offered repayment of
5063-483: The right of the party, Norman Tebbit , a former Conservative chairman, likened Cameron to Pol Pot , "intent on purging even the memory of Thatcherism before building a New Modern Compassionate Green Globally Aware Party". Quentin Davies , who defected from the Conservatives to Labour on 26 June 2007, branded him "superficial, unreliable and [with] an apparent lack of any clear convictions" and stated that Cameron had turned
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#17328583189455146-653: The run-up to the 2001 general election , Cameron again attempted to be selected for a winnable seat. He tried for the Kensington and Chelsea seat after the death of Alan Clark , but did not make the shortlist. He was in the final two but narrowly lost at Wealden in March 2000, a loss ascribed by Samantha Cameron to his lack of spontaneity when speaking. Cameron was selected as PPC for Witney in Oxfordshire in April 2000. This had been
5229-408: The speakers in the economic debate, having to resort to putting messages on the internal television system imploring the mover of the motion, Patricia Morris , to contact him. Later that month, Cameron joined a delegation of Special Advisers who visited Germany to build better relations with the Christian Democratic Union ; he was reported to be "still smarting" over the Bundesbank 's contribution to
5312-476: The team across Smith Square to jeer at Transport House , the former Labour headquarters. Cameron was rewarded with a promotion to Special Adviser to the Chancellor of the Exchequer , Norman Lamont . Cameron was working for Lamont at the time of Black Wednesday , when pressure from currency speculators forced the pound sterling out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism . At the 1992 Conservative Party conference, he had difficulty trying to arrange to brief
5395-441: The then twice-weekly sessions of Prime Minister's Questions . One newspaper gave Cameron the credit for "sharper ... Despatch box performances" by Major, which included highlighting for Major "a dreadful piece of doublespeak " by Tony Blair (then the Labour Employment spokesman) over the effect of a national minimum wage . He became head of the political section of the Conservative Research Department, and in August 1991
5478-413: The time the grief I would get for that picture, of course I would never have joined. But life isn't like that..." and: "These were also the years after the ITV adaptation of Brideshead Revisited when quite a few of us were carried away by the fantasy of an Evelyn Waugh -like Oxford existence." Cameron's period in the Bullingdon Club was examined in a 2009 Channel 4 docu-drama, When Boris Met Dave ,
5561-433: The title referring to Boris Johnson , another high-profile Conservative party figure, the then-mayor of London, who had been a member at the same time, and who would go on to be prime minister himself. He graduated in 1988 with a first-class honours BA degree (later promoted to an MA by seniority). After graduation, Cameron worked for the Conservative Research Department between September 1988 and 1993. His first brief
5644-459: The two effectively shared power during Cameron's time as prime minister. From February 2002 to August 2005, he was a non-executive director of Urbium PLC, operator of the Tiger Tiger bar chain. Following the Labour victory in the May 2005 general election , Michael Howard announced his resignation as leader of the Conservative Party and set a lengthy timetable for the leadership election . Cameron announced on 29 September 2005 that he would be
5727-402: The winners received their award from Queen Elizabeth II in a ceremony at Buckingham Palace in front of an audience that included the leaders of the UK's three main political parties, QEPrize judges, and a number of young engineers. On 6 December, the winners received their award from the Prince of Wales in a ceremony at Buckingham Palace. On 3 December, the winners received their award from
5810-463: Was Trade and Industry, Energy and Privatisation; he befriended fellow young colleagues, including Edward Llewellyn , Ed Vaizey and Rachel Whetstone . They and others formed a group they called the " Smith Square set", which was dubbed the "Brat Pack" by the press, though it is better known as the " Notting Hill set ", a name given to it pejoratively by Derek Conway . In 1991 Cameron was seconded to Downing Street to work on briefing John Major for
5893-407: Was a break with official Conservative policy, but about 200 other candidates were making similar declarations. Otherwise, Cameron kept closely to the national party line . He also campaigned using the claim that a Labour government would increase the cost of a pint of beer by 24p; however, the Labour candidate, David Kidney , portrayed Cameron as "a right-wing Tory". Initially, Cameron thought he had
5976-478: Was a growing media company which also had film-distribution and video-producing arms. Cameron was suggested for the role to Carlton executive chairman Michael P. Green by his later mother-in-law Lady Astor. He left Carlton in 1997 to run for Parliament, returning to his job after his defeat. In 1997 Cameron played up the company's prospects for digital terrestrial television , for which it joined with ITV Granada and Sky to form British Digital Broadcasting . In
6059-462: Was accused of paying excessive attention to appearance: ITV News broadcast footage from the 2006 Conservative Party Conference in Bournemouth showing him wearing four different sets of clothes within a few hours. In his column for The Guardian , comedy writer and broadcaster Charlie Brooker described the Conservative leader as "a hollow Easter egg with no bag of sweets inside" in April 2007. On
6142-578: Was built by Cameron's great-great-grandfather, Alexander Geddes, who had made a fortune in the grain trade in Chicago, Illinois, before returning to Scotland in the 1880s. Blairmore was sold soon after Ian's birth. Cameron has said: "On my mother's side of the family, her mother was a Llewellyn, so Welsh . I'm a real mixture of Scottish , Welsh and English." He has also referenced the German Jewish ancestry of one of his great-grandfathers, Arthur Levita,
6225-469: Was caught smoking cannabis . He admitted the offence and had not been involved in selling drugs, so he was not expelled; instead he was fined, prevented from leaving the school grounds and given a " Georgic " (a punishment that involved copying 500 lines of Latin text). Cameron passed twelve O-levels and then three A levels : history of art ; history, in which he was taught by Michael Kidson ; and economics with politics. He obtained three 'A' grades and
6308-529: Was commented that he was still "very much in favour" and it was later reported that many at the Treasury would have preferred Cameron to carry on. At the beginning of September 1993, he applied to go on Conservative Central Office's list of prospective parliamentary candidates (PPCs). Cameron was much more socially liberal than Howard but enjoyed working for him. According to Derek Lewis , then Director-General of Her Majesty's Prison Service , Cameron showed him
6391-558: Was developed into a final form by BAE Systems and presented to Dr Robert Langer, the winner of the 2015 QEPrize. 2017: Samuel Bentley, 15, from Wales. His design was 3D printed by BAE Systems, and presented to the 2017 QEPrize winners at Buckingham Palace. 2019: Jack Jiang, 16, from Hong Kong. 2021: Hannah Goldsmith, 20, from the United Kingdom. 2022: Anshika Agarwal, 17, from India. 2023: Anja Brandl, from Switzerland. David Cameron David William Donald Cameron, Baron Cameron of Chipping Norton (born 9 October 1966),
6474-481: Was eliminated with 38 votes. In the second ballot on 20 October 2005, Cameron came first with 90 votes; David Davis was second, with 57; and Liam Fox was eliminated with 51 votes. All 198 Conservative MPs voted in both ballots. The next stage of the election process, between Davis and Cameron, was a vote open to the entire party membership. Cameron was elected with more than twice as many votes as Davis and more than half of all ballots issued; Cameron won 134,446 votes on
6557-585: Was immediately replaced as shadow home secretary by Dominic Grieve ; Davis' surprise move was seen as a challenge to the changes introduced under Cameron's leadership. A reshuffle of the Shadow Cabinet was undertaken in January 2009, with the chief change being the appointment of former Chancellor of the Exchequer Kenneth Clarke as Shadow Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Secretary. Cameron stated that "With Ken Clarke's arrival, we now have
6640-628: Was implicated in the Greensill scandal . Cameron released his memoir, For the Record , in 2019. In 2023 he was appointed Foreign Secretary by Rishi Sunak and became a life peer as Baron Cameron of Chipping Norton. His tenure as Foreign Secretary was dominated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the Israel–Hamas war , and the Gaza humanitarian crisis . After the Conservatives lost the 2024 general election to
6723-461: Was not a member of Parliament he could not have been. Lamont was sacked at the end of May 1993, and decided not to write the usual letter of resignation; Cameron was given the responsibility to issue to the press a statement of self-justification. After Lamont was sacked, Cameron remained at the Treasury for less than a month before being specifically recruited by Home Secretary Michael Howard . It
6806-438: Was reported to have led Cameron to decide to leave politics in favour of journalism. The Conservatives' unexpected success in the 1992 election led Cameron to hit back at older party members who had criticised him and his colleagues, saying "whatever people say about us, we got the campaign right", and that they had listened to their campaign workers on the ground rather than the newspapers. He revealed he had led other members of
6889-412: Was tipped to follow Judith Chaplin as political secretary to the prime minister. Cameron lost to Jonathan Hill , who was appointed in March 1992. Instead, he was given the responsibility for briefing Major for his press conferences during the 1992 general election . During the campaign, Cameron was one of the young "brat pack" of party strategists who worked between 12 and 20 hours a day, sleeping in
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