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78-509: The park lies in the Osorno Province , town of Puyehue. It is 118 miles northeast of Puerto Montt , or 50 miles east of Osorno . The park is dominated by Puyehue volcano, Cordón Caulle and Antillanca Group . The park is divided into three main areas: Aguas Calientes, Anticura, and Antillanca. Each area has special activities according to its landscape. Aguas Calientes feature natural thermal baths and hiking trails. Anticura area features

156-637: A CONAF guard station, and a campsite. And finally, the Antillanca area of Puyehue National Park has a ski center and a good hotel open all year round. Free entrance. The Anticura section costs 800 Chilean pesos to enter, which is about 1.60 usd. Puyehue National Park includes a hotel with a thermal complex, a lodging house, cabins, and campsites. Hiking, trekking, fishing, fauna and flora observation, swimming (heated pool), photography, climbing, excursions, horseback riding, snowboarding, mountain bike riding, downhill skiing, cross country skiing and bird watching are

234-467: A muskrat ( Ondatra zibethicus ), another widely dispersed, semiaquatic rodent that occupies the same wetland habitats. The muskrat, however, is smaller and more tolerant of cold climates, and has a laterally flattened tail it uses to assist in swimming, whereas the tail of a nutria is round. It can also be mistaken for a small beaver, as beavers and nutria have very similar anatomies and habitats. However, beavers' tails are flat and paddle-like, as opposed to

312-515: A different program title. Under the Coastwide Nutria Control Program, which also receives funds from CWPPRA , 308,160 nutria were harvested the first year (2002–2003), revealing 33,220 hectares (82,080 acres) damage and totaling $ 1,232,640 in incentive payouts to those legally participating in the program. Essentially, once a person receives a license to hunt or trap nutria, that person is allowed to capture an unlimited number. When

390-732: A grant from the Barataria-Terrebonne National Estuary Program to establish a company that uses nutria meat for dog food products. In 2012, the Louisiana Wildlife Federation recognized Marsh Dog with "Business Conservationist of the Year" award for finding a use for this eco-sustainable protein. A claimed environmentally sound solution is the use of nutria meat to make dog food treats. In Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, nutria (Russian and local languages Нутрия) are farmed on private plots and sold in local markets as

468-570: A market of nutria meat for human consumption, though it is still trying to gain public notice. Nutria is a very lean, protein-rich meat, low in fat and cholesterol with the taste, texture, and appearance of rabbit or dark turkey meat. Few pathogens are associated with the meat, but proper heating when cooking should kill them. The quality of the meat and the minimal harmful microorganisms associated with it make nutria meat an "excellent food product for export markets". Several desirable control methods are ineffective for various reasons. Zinc phosphide

546-589: A non-game animal. Bounty programs are not advised in California due to native species of muskrat and beaver being misidentified. The Louisiana Coastwide Nutria Control Program provides incentives for harvesting nutria. Starting in 2002, the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) performed aerial surveys just as they had done for the Nutria Harvest and Wetland Demonstration Program, except under

624-469: A nutria is captured, the tail is cut off and turned in to a Coastal Environments Inc. (CEI) official at an approved site. As of 2019, each nutria tail is worth $ 6, which is an increase from $ 4 before the 2006–2007 season. Nutria harvesting increased drastically during the 2009–2010 season, with 445,963 nutria tails turned in worth $ 2,229,815 in incentive payments. Each CEI official keeps record of how many tails have been turned in by each individual per parish,

702-719: A pet farm in Cork City in 2015 and began breeding on the outskirts of the city. Ten were trapped on the Curraheen River in 2017, but the rodents continued to spread, reaching Dublin via the Royal Canal in 2019. Animals were found along the River Mulkear in 2015. The National Biodiversity Data Centre issued a species alert in 2017, saying that nutria "[have] the potential to be a high impact invasive species in Ireland. […] This species

780-459: A poor man's meat. As of 2016, however, the meat is used successfully in Moscow restaurant Krasnodar Bistro, as part of the growing Russian localvore movement and as a ' foodie ' craze. It appears on the menu as a burger, hotdog, dumplings, or wrapped in cabbage leaves, with the flavour being somewhere between turkey and pork. Nutria herbivory "severely reduces overall wetland biomass and can lead to

858-568: A population of 221,496 distributed across seven communes ( Spanish : comunas ). The provincial capital is the city of Osorno . Osorno is a city located in southern Chile a territory of northern Patagonia in the Los Lagos Region. The Chilean Patagonia starts at Latitude 39° South in Valdivia and then it continues through the Chiloe Island and the fiords that continue its course south through

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936-419: A prolonged adolescence, up to the age of nine months. Once a female is pregnant, gestation lasts 130 days, and she may give birth to as few as one or as many as 13 offspring. The average nutria reproduction is four offspring. Female nutria will mate within two days after offspring are born. The years of reproduction cycle by litter size. Year one might be large, year two litter size will be smaller and year three

1014-557: A result, populations of nutria often contract and even become locally or regionally extinct as in the Scandinavian countries and such US states as Idaho, Montana, and Nebraska during the 1980s. During mild winters, their ranges tend to expand northward. For example, in recent years, range expansions have been noted in Washington and Oregon, as well as Delaware. According to the U.S. Geological Survey , nutria were first introduced to

1092-580: A success. The first efficient and extensive nutria farms were located in South America in the 1920s. The South American farms were very successful, and led to the growth of similar farms in North America and Europe. Nutrias from these farms often escaped, or were deliberately released into the wild to provide a game animal or to remove aquatic vegetation. Nutria were introduced to the Louisiana ecosystem in

1170-436: A very large rat , or a beaver with a small, long and skinny hairless tail. Adults are typically 4–9 kg (9–20 lb) in weight, and 40–60 cm (16–24 in) in body length, with a 30 to 45 cm (12 to 18 in) tail. It is possible for nutria to weigh up to 16 to 17 kg (35 to 37 lb), although adults usually average 4.5 to 7 kg (10 to 15 lb). Nutria have three sets of fur. The guard hairs on

1248-527: Is a herbivorous , semiaquatic rodent from South America . Classified for a long time as the only member of the family Myocastoridae, Myocastor has since been included within Echimyidae , the family of the spiny rats. The nutria lives in burrows alongside stretches of water and feeds on river plant stems. Originally native to subtropical and temperate South America, it was introduced to North America, Europe and Asia, primarily by fur farmers. Although it

1326-626: Is also a birdwatching destination with sightings of the torrent duck ( pato correntino ), the Magellanic woodpecker ( carpintero negro ), the Chilean pigeon ( torcaza ), the hued-hued ( huet-huet ), the Andean condor , the great grebe ( huala ), the Southern house wren ( chercán ) and the buff-necked ibis ( bandurria ). Aguas Calientes Area Anticura Area (Sun stone) Antillanca Area (Sun jewel) It

1404-570: Is appointed by the president . The Osorno Province comprises seven communes; each commune is governed by its own municipality, headed by an alcalde . The first inhabitants of the area were the indigenous Huilliche people. Osorno also featured largely in German Colonization in Chile , which took place in the 19th century, when the Chilean government brought German settlers to assist in the growth of

1482-485: Is known in Italy. In Swedish, the animal is known as sumpbäver 'marsh/swamp beaver'. In Brazil, the animal is known as ratão-do-banhado 'big swamp rat', nútria , or caxingui (the last from Tupi ). The nutria was first described by Juan Ignacio Molina in 1782 as Mus coypus , a member of the mouse genus. The genus Myocastor was assigned in 1792 by Robert Kerr . Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire , independently of Kerr, named

1560-599: Is listed as among 100 of the worst invasive species in Europe." In the UK, nutria escaped from fur farms and were reported in the wild as early as 1932. There were three unsuccessful attempts to control nutria in East Anglia between 1943 and 1944. Nutria population and range increased, causing damage to agriculture in the 1950s. During the 1960s, a grant was awarded to rabbit clearance societies that included nutria. This control allowed for

1638-513: Is monitored for habitat destruction of wetlands, farmlands, marshes and is measured in habitat loss in acres. Increased local awareness of viral, bacterial and parasitic transmission from nutria to humans and livestock will be of greater importance as climate change progresses. As a global alien species, nutria are monitored and managed throughout the world. Many countries have attempted eradication efforts with varying degrees of success. Nutria are predicted to expand their range northward over

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1716-451: Is not a serious cause of land loss, but when herbivory was combined with an additional disturbance, such as fire, single vegetation removal, or double vegetation removal to simulate a tropical storm, the effect of the disturbances on the vegetation were greatly amplified. As different factors were added together, they resulted in less overall vegetation. Adding fertilizer to open plots did not promote plant growth; instead, nutria fed more in

1794-456: Is not submerged underground. Nutria are considered to be a species that lives in colonies. One male will share a den with three or four females and their offspring. Nutria use "feeding platforms" which are constructed in the water from cut pieces of vegetation supported by a structure like a log or branches. Muskrat dens and beaver lodges are also often used as feeding platforms. Local extinction in their native range due to overharvesting led to

1872-411: Is rainy in the park all year long, although the rainiest months are between March and September. During the winter and spring there is snow on the ground. The average annual temperature is 8 °C (46 °F), rising in the summer months to between 10 and 18 °C (50 and 64 °F) . The average annual rainfall is 450 mm (18 in). In 2008, the government approved a hydroelectric project in

1950-572: Is scarce, nutria will forage during the day. When food is plentiful, nutria will rest and groom during the day. Native to subtropical and temperate South America, its range includes Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and the southern parts of Brazil and Bolivia. It has been introduced to North America, Europe and Asia, primarily by fur ranchers. The distribution of nutrias outside South America tends to contract or expand with successive cold or mild winters. During cold winters, nutria often suffer frostbite on their tails, leading to infection or death. As

2028-521: Is still hunted and trapped for its fur in some regions, its destructive burrowing and feeding habits often bring it into conflict with humans, and it is considered an invasive species in the United States. Nutria also transmit various diseases to humans and animals, mainly through water contamination. The genus name Myocastor derives from the two Ancient Greek words μῦς ( mûs ) 'rat, mouse', and κάστωρ ( kástōr ) 'beaver'. Therefore,

2106-504: Is the only rodenticide registered to control nutria, but it is expensive, remains toxic for months, detoxifies in high humidity and rain, and requires construction of expensive floating rafts for placement of the chemical. It is not yet sure how many nontarget species are susceptible to zinc phosphide, but birds and rabbits have been known to die from ingestion. Therefore, this chemical is rarely used, especially not in large-scale projects. Other potential chemical pesticides would be required by

2184-404: Is used in South America, Britain and other parts of Europe. In France, the nutria is known as a ragondin . In Dutch, it is known as beverrat 'beaver rat'. In German, it is known as Nutria , Biberratte 'beaver rat', or Sumpfbiber 'swamp beaver'. In Italy, instead, the popular name is, as in North America and Asia, nutria , but it is also called castorino 'little beaver ', by which its fur

2262-660: The Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge . In response, by 2003, a multimillion-dollar eradication program was underway. In the United Kingdom, nutria were introduced to East Anglia , for fur, in 1929; many escaped and damaged the drainage works, and a concerted programme by MAFF eradicated them by 1989. A small number of game meat websites on the internet sell nutria meat for consumption. As of 2016, at least one Moscow restaurant serves nutria meat dishes. In 1997 and 1998, Louisiana attempted to encourage

2340-480: The CDC , nutria carry two out of eight diseases of concern for the United States, rabies and salmonellosis . Nutria are considered a global alien species and have potential to spread disease to livestock and humans. Nutria are found on every continent except Australia and Antarctica. Native to the southern hemisphere and spreading globally requires preventive monitoring for zoonotic disease transmission. Nutria immigration

2418-888: The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) received nearly $ 2 million in Governor Gavin Newsom 's first budget, and an additional $ 8.5 million via the Delta Conservancy (a state agency focused on the Delta) to be spent over the course of three years. The state has adopted an eradication campaign based on the successful effort in the Chesapeake Bay , including strategies such as the " Judas nutria" (in which individualized nutria are caught, sterilized, fitted with radio collars , and released, whereupon they can be tracked by hunters as they return to their colonies) and

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2496-527: The Dutch , British esp. Scots with some Irish and English , French , Germans including Austrians and Swiss , Italians , Portuguese , ex- Yugoslavians , Greeks and from the Middle East are Arabs and Palestinians . These ethnic groups came in the late 19th century and early 20th century period. The provincial cultural heritage is shaped by Huilliche , Spanish , and German influences. Around 1850,

2574-746: The Maryland Eastern Shore . The first records of nutria invading California dates from the 1940s and 1950s, when the species was found in the agriculture-rich Central Valley and the south coast of the state, but by the 1970s the animals had been extirpated statewide. They were found again in Merced County in 2017, on the edge of the San Joaquin River Delta . State officials are concerned that they will harm infrastructure that sends water to San Joaquin Valley farms and urban areas. In 2019,

2652-509: The Mississippi River in 1941 and then spread due to a hurricane later that year. Besides breeding quickly, each nutria consumes large amounts of aquatic vegetation. An individual consumes about 25% of its body weight daily, and feeds year-round. Being one of the world's larger extant rodents, a mature, healthy nutria averages 5.4 kg (11 lb 14 oz) in weight, but they can reach as much as 10 kg (22 lb). They eat

2730-772: The Puyehue volcano , the El Puma lookout point, the Cordón Caulle and hot springs, a volcanic area, and a strawberry field, called the Pampa de Frutilla, the Salto de la Princesa, a waterfall of an inlet of the Golgol river, and an 800-year-old forest of coigüe trees, as well as recreational trails. The Antillanca area features crater Raihuén and Mirador hill, the Las Gaviotas river (río Las Gaviotas) as well as

2808-512: The Rupanco Lake (lago Rupanco). Furthermore, there is skiing at the Antillanca ski center, on the slopes of the Casablanca volcano . The Golgol and the Las Gaviotas river are the main waterways in the park. The Chanleufú also flows through the park. Two distributaries of the Golgol include Anticura and Pajaritos, which both flow into Lake Puyehue , which is outside the park. Five lakes inside

2886-524: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service determined wetlands covered only 5% of the land surface of the contiguous 48 United States, but they support 31% of the nation's plant species. These very biodiverse systems provide resources, shelter, nesting sites, and resting sites (particularly Louisiana's coastal wetlands such as Grand Isle for migratory birds) to a wide array of wildlife. Human users also receive many benefits from wetlands, such as cleaner water, storm surge protection, oil and gas resources (especially on

2964-456: The 1930s, when they escaped from fur farms that had imported them from South America. Nutria were released into the wild by at least one Louisiana nutria farmer in 1933 and these releases were followed by E. A. McIlhenny who released his entire stock in 1945 on Avery Island. In 1940, some of the nutria escaped during a hurricane and quickly populated coastal marshes, inland swamps, and other wetland areas. From Louisiana, nutria have spread across

3042-499: The 1950s to warrant legislative attention; in 1958, the first bounty was placed on nutria, though this effort was not funded. By the early 2000s, the Coastwide Nutria Control Program was established, which began paying bounties for nutria killed in 2002. In the Chesapeake Bay region in Maryland , where they were introduced in the 1940s, nutria are believed to have destroyed 2,800 to 3,200 hectares (7,000 to 8,000 acres) of marshland in

3120-626: The 1962–1965 campaign ended, the population increased until another eradication campaign began in 1981. This campaign succeeded in fully eradicating nutria in Great Britain. The trapping areas were broken into eight sectors leaving no area uncontrolled. The 24 trappers were offered an incentive for early completion of the 10-year campaign. In 1989 nutria were assumed eradicated, as only three males were found between 1987 and 1989. Nutria were introduced to Japan in 1939. They were imported from France during World War II to support food shortages as well as

3198-581: The Gulf Coast), reduced flooding, and chemical and biological waste reduction, to name a few. In Louisiana, rapid wetland loss occurs due to a variety of reasons; this state loses an estimated area about the size of a football field every hour. In 1998, the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) conducted the first Louisiana coast-wide survey, which was funded by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act and titled

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3276-751: The Invasive Alien Species Act established in 2004. Nutria are classed as a "prohibited new organism" under New Zealand's Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 , preventing it from being imported into the country. An eradication program on the Delmarva Peninsula , between Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Coast , where nutria once numbered in the tens of thousands and had destroyed thousands of hectares of marshland, had nearly succeeded by 2012. In September 2022 government officials announced that nutria have been completely eradicated on

3354-400: The Nutria Harvest and Wetland Demonstration Program, to evaluate the condition of the marshlands. The survey revealed through aerial surveys of transects that herbivory damage to wetlands totaled roughly 36,000 hectares (90,000 acres). The next year, LDWF performed the same survey and found the area damaged by herbivory increased to about 42,000 hectares (105,000 acres). The LDWF has determined

3432-647: The Pacific Ocean and the Cordillera de los Andes until it reaches Latitude 56° South at Cape Horn.The province possesses one of the most frequented mountain passes of Chile , the Cardenal Antonio Samoré Pass which links the province with Villa La Angostura and San Carlos de Bariloche in Argentina . As a province, Osorno is a second-level administrative division , governed by a provincial governor who

3510-479: The Southern United States, wreaking havoc on marshlands. Following a decline in demand for nutria fur, nutria have since become pests in many areas, destroying aquatic vegetation, marshes, and irrigation systems, and chewing through man-made items such as tires and wooden house panelling in Louisiana, eroding river banks, and displacing native animals. Damage in Louisiana has been sufficiently severe since

3588-827: The US Environmental Protection Agency to undergo vigorous testing before being acceptable to use on nutria. The LDWF has estimated costs for new chemicals to be $ 300,000 for laboratory, chemistry, and field studies, and $ 500,000 for a mandatory Environmental Impact Statement. Contraception is not a common form of control, but is preferred by some wildlife managers. It is also expensive to operate– an estimated $ 6 million annually to drop bait laced with birth-control chemicals. Testing of other potential contraceptives would take about five to eight years and $ 10 million, with no guarantee of FDA approval. Also, an intensive environmental assessment would have to be completed to determine whether any non-target organisms were affected by

3666-620: The United States in California , in 1899 by William Franklin Frakes . As of 2024 , they had spread to the San Francisco Bay Area, where their digging threatened storm levees , and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife had an active eradication program. They were first brought to Louisiana in the early 1930s for the fur industry, and the population was kept in check, or at a small population size, because of trapping pressure from

3744-772: The activities that can be practised in the park. Its flora in the lower parts is that one of Valdivian temperate rain forest and is similar to that of its southern neighbor, the Vicente Pérez Rosales National Park . Temperate evergreen forests occur at lower elevations. Species of trees include coigüe ( Nothofagus dombeyi ) and the common ulmo ( Eucryphia cordifolia ), olivillo ( Aextoxicon punctatum ) and tineo ( Weinmannia trichosperma ). The underbrush has abundant bushes, ferns, moss and lichens, giving it great forest richness. At higher altitude there are coigüe woods with tepa ( Laureliopsis philippiana ) and mañío ( Saxegothaea conspicua ), which later became

3822-478: The base of the above-ground stems of plants, and often dig through soil for roots and rhizomes to eat. Nutria eat parts and whole plants, and go after roots, rhizomes, tubers and black willow tree bark in the winter. Their creation of "eat-outs", areas where a majority of the above- and below-ground biomass has been removed, produces patches in the environment, which in turn disrupts the habitat for other animals and humans dependent on wetlands and marshes. Nutria eat

3900-481: The conversion of wetland to open water." Unlike other common disturbances in marshlands, such as fire and tropical storms, which are a once- or few-times-a-year occurrence, nutria feed year round, so their effects on the marsh are constant. Also, nutria are typically more destructive in the winter than in the growing season, due largely to the scarcity of above-ground vegetation; as nutria search for food, they dig up root networks and rhizomes for food. While nutria are

3978-490: The day after she gives birth to her young. If timed properly, a female can become pregnant three times within a year. Newborn nutria nurse for seven to eight weeks, after which they leave their mothers. Nutria have been known to be territorial and aggressive when caught or cornered. They will bite and attack humans and dogs when threatened. Nutria are mainly crepuscular or nocturnal, with most activity occurring around dusk and sunset with highest activity around midnight. When food

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4056-509: The development of nutria fur farms in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The first farms were in Argentina and then later in Europe, North America, and Asia. These farms have generally not been successful long-term investments, and farmed nutria often are released or escape as operations become unprofitable. The first attempt at nutria farming was in France in the early 1880s, but it was not much of

4134-411: The dominant species. Pure stands of Nothofagus betuloides and Nothofagus pumilio are found just below the tree line . Forests of coigües de Magallanes ( Nothofagus betuloides ), with dense underbrush ( Nothofagus pumilio ), a species of deciduous leaves that become reddish during Autumn. Communities of marshes called “mallines” can be observed, covered with thick moss. Other tree species found in

4212-411: The fertilized areas. Increasing fertilizer inputs in marshes only increases nutria biomass instead of the intended vegetation, therefore increasing nutrient input is not recommended. The problem became so serious that Sheriff Harry Lee of Jefferson Parish used SWAT sharpshooters against the animals. Wetlands in general are a valuable resource both economically and environmentally. For instance,

4290-571: The following plant varieties: cattail , rushes , reeds , arrowheads , flatsedges , and cordgrasses . Commercial crops that nutria also eat are lawn grasses, alfalfa, corn, rice, and sugarcane. Nutria are found most commonly in freshwater marshes and wetlands, but also inhabit brackish marshes and rarely salt marshes. They either construct their own burrows, or occupy burrows abandoned by beaver, muskrats, or other animals. They are also capable of constructing floating rafts out of vegetation. Nutria live in partially underwater dens. The main chamber

4368-452: The fur trade. After the war in 1950, many nutria were released en masse or escaped, and became one of Japan's worst invasive species, damaging river banks, rice fields and other valuable crops. In 1963 an eradication program was started to remove nutria but has shown little to no success. Nutria are still present in Japan and there is a restriction on importing, transporting and obtaining nutria per

4446-421: The fur traders. The earliest account of nutria spreading freely into Louisiana wetlands from their enclosures was in the early 1940s; a hurricane hit the Louisiana coast for which many people were unprepared, and the storm destroyed the enclosures, enabling the nutria to escape into the wild. According to the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, nutria were also transplanted from Port Arthur, Texas , to

4524-431: The genus Callistomys (painted tree-rats). In turn, these two taxa share evolutionary affinities with other Myocastorini genera: Proechimys and Hoplomys (armored rats) on the one hand, and Thrichomys on the other hand.   Thrichomys (punaré)   Callistomys (painted tree-rat)   Myocastor (nutria)   Hoplomys (armored rat)   Proechimys The nutria somewhat resembles

4602-495: The government of Chile began inviting German settlers to the colony to promote growth in the region; the settlers found Osorno's climate and geography to be very similar to their own. With their help, Osorno was made the home of the national cattle ranch of Chile, boosting the regional economy significantly. Present-day Osorno has preserved 19th-century architecture and urban layout, represented by six houses which have been designated national monuments . The main economic activity in

4680-823: The host for a roundworm nematode parasite ( Strongyloides myopotami   ) that can infect the skin of humans, causing dermatitis similar to strongyloidiasis . The condition is also called "nutria itch". Other parasites they can host are tapeworms , liver flukes , and blood flukes . Waterbody contamination by nutria occurs through urine and feces. Nutria also host fleas , ticks and chewing louse . They can carry several zoonotic diseases (diseases transmitted from animals to humans). They are reservoirs for salmonellosis , encephalomyocarditis virus , chlamydia psittaci and antibiotic resistant bacteria , Aeromonas spp. Other zoonotic disease of concern they are host reservoirs for are mycobacterium tuberculosis , septicemia, toxoplasmosis , and rickettsiosis . According to

4758-418: The litter size will be another larger size. Females can only produce six litters in her life, rarely seven litters. A female on average will have two litters a year. Nutria generally line nursery nests with grasses and soft reeds. Baby nutria are precocial , born fully furred and with open eyes; they can eat vegetation and swim with their parents within hours of birth. A female nutria can become pregnant again

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4836-483: The method used in capture of the nutria, and the location of capture. All of this information is transferred to a database to calculate the density of nutria across the Louisiana coast, and the LDWF combines these data with the results from the aerial surveys to determine the number of nutria remaining in the marshes and the amount of damage they are inflicting on the ecosystem. Another program executed by LDWF involves creating

4914-401: The mineral iron in the tooth enamel. Nutria have prominent four inch long whiskers on each side of their muzzle or cheek area. The mammary glands and teats of female nutria are high on her flanks, to allow their young to feed while the female is in the water. There is no visible distinction between male and female nutria. Both are similar in coloring and weight. A nutria is often mistaken for

4992-468: The most common herbivores in Louisiana marshes, they are not the only ones. Feral hogs, also known as wild boars ( Sus scrofa ), swamp rabbits ( Sylvilagus aquaticus ), and muskrats ( Ondatra zibethicus ) are less common, but feral hogs are increasing in number in Louisiana wetlands. On plots open to nutria herbivory, 40% less vegetation was found than in plots guarded against nutria by fences. This number may seem insignificant, and indeed herbivory alone

5070-553: The name Myocastor literally means 'mouse beaver'. Two names are commonly used in English for Myocastor coypus . The name nutria (from the Spanish word nutria 'otter') is generally used in North America, Asia, and throughout countries of the former Soviet Union ; however, in most Spanish -speaking countries, the word nutria refers primarily to the otter . To avoid this ambiguity, the name coypu or coipo (derived from Mapudungun )

5148-571: The next century as global temperatures increase. This species is included since 2016 in the EU list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern (the Union list). This implies that this species cannot be imported, bred, transported, commercialized, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the European Union. A nutria was first sighted in the wild in Ireland in 2010. Some nutria escaped from

5226-427: The outer coat are three inches long. They have coarse, darkish brown midlayer fur with soft dense grey under fur, also called the nutria. Three distinguishing features are a white patch on the muzzle, webbed hind feet, and large, bright orange-yellow incisors . They have approximately 20 teeth with four large incisors that grow during the entirety of their lives. The orange discoloration is due to pigment staining from

5304-509: The park include Constancia , Gris , Paraíso, Lake Berlin, and part of the Rupanco Lake . Puyehue National Park has warden stations in each of its three areas. The main administration is in the Aguas Calientes area. Puyehue National Park has a Center of Environmental Information that provides fauna and flora information in both the Aguas Calientes and the Anticura areas. The Anticura area has

5382-474: The park include ( Nothofagus antarctica ), a species of law brushwood, and cypress of Guaitecas ( Pilgerodendron uviferum ). Mammals in the Puyehue National Park are the puma , gray fox ( pseudalopex griseus ), the quique ( galictis cuja ) or ferret, the coypu ( Myocastor coypus ), the güiña ( Felis guigna ) or wild cat and the chingue ( Conepatus chinga ), skunks and vizcachas. The park

5460-432: The park. This was controversial because the project would be carried out by a private company, and the resource is in a public park. There were also concerns about the environmental impact. Osorno Province Osorno Province ( Spanish : Provincia de Osorno ) is one of the four provinces in the southern Chilean region of Los Lagos (X). The province has an area of 9,223.7 km (3,561 sq mi) and

5538-397: The province is livestock, Osorno being one of the most important agricultural centers of Chile, which is identified with the slogan "Land of Milk and Meat of Chile". Another important economic activity is tourism. Tourist destinations in the province includes the: Coypus The nutria ( / ˈ n juː t r i ə / ) or coypu ( / ˈ k ɔɪ p uː / ) ( Myocastor coypus )

5616-469: The public to consume nutria meat. Nutria meat is leaner with a lower fat content and lower in cholesterol compared to ground beef. In an effort to encourage Louisianians to eat nutria, several recipes were distributed to locals and published on the internet. People in poor and rural Louisiana have trapped and consumed nutria meat for decades. Marsh Dog, a US company based in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, received

5694-567: The region. The Osorno province owes its legacy to fairly recent Chilean settlement, when the government subdued the region's indigenous Mapuche peoples in the mid-19th century and opened the land to Chilean and European immigration soon to follow. Large percentage of locals in Osorno are descendants of Spanish (the livestock grazing industry owes its foundation to the Basques ) and other European immigrants. In Osorno, there are historic ties and bonds with

5772-509: The removal of 97,000 nutria in 1961 and 1962. From 1962 to 1965, 12 trappers were hired to eradicate as many nutria as possible confining the remaining population within the Norfolk Broads . The campaign used live traps allowing non-target species to be released while any nutria caught were shot. Combined with cold winters in 1962 to 1963, almost 40,500 nutria were removed from the population. Although nutria populations were greatly reduced after

5850-447: The round tails of nutria. Nutria can live up to six years in captivity, but individuals rarely live past three years old in the wild. According to one study, 80% of nutrias die within the first year, and less than 15% of a wild population is over 3 years old. A nutria is considered to have reached old age at 4 years old. Male nutria reach sexual maturity as early as four months, and females as early as three months; however, both can have

5928-418: The species Myopotamus coypus , and it is occasionally referred to by this name. Four subspecies are generally recognized: M. c. bonariensis , the subspecies present in the northernmost (subtropical) part of the nutria's range, is believed to be the type of nutria most commonly introduced to other continents. Comparison of DNA and protein sequences showed that the genus Myocastor is the sister group to

6006-422: The use of trained dogs. The state has also reversed a prior "no-hunting" policy, although hunting the animals does require a license. California has a restriction on importation and transportation without a permit. If nutria are found or captured in the state of California, local authorities must be notified right away and the nutria cannot be released. Licensed hunters in the state of California may hunt nutria as

6084-411: The wetlands affected by nutria decreased from an estimated minimum of 32,000 hectares (80,000 acres) of Louisiana wetlands in 2002–2003 season to about 2,548 hectares (6,296 acres) during the 2010–2011 season. The LDWF stresses that coastal wetland restoration projects will be greatly hindered without effective, sustainable nutria population control. In addition to direct environmental damage, nutria are

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