38-811: Pugwash may refer to: Places Pugwash, Nova Scotia , a village in Cumberland County (and site of the first Pugwash Conferences) Pugwash Junction , an unincorporated community bordering the village Organizations Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs , international scientific discussion group International Student/Young Pugwash , international student organization Student Pugwash USA , US student organization Entertainment Pugwash (band) , Irish pop band Captain Pugwash , children's animated cartoon series John Patrick "Pugwash" Weathers , Welsh rock drummer Topics referred to by
76-741: A difficult winter in Halifax had been taken to Lunenburg in 1753. These french-speaking Lutherans were often identified as Swiss in early census records to distinguish them from the Acadian French Catholics . Their french names have often been Anglicized as shown in parentheses. The earliest families included those headed by James Biguenet (Bigney), George Gretteau (Gratto), George Mettetal (Matatall), George Tetteray (Tattrie), John and Peter Maillard (Millard), John George and John Frederick Petrequin (Patriquin) and David, James and Matthew Langille. Protestant repopulation also grew considerably before
114-583: A house fire. This is believed to be the first public monument erected to a female in Canada. In 1898 a fire destroyed the entire town leaving 1,200 people homeless, with The New York Times reporting 200 dwellings, 5 churches, 20 stores, 3 hotels, and several mills" were destroyed, and that the "town was little insured." Pugwash is famous for being the site of an international conference of scholars organized by Bertrand Russell in 1957, and hosted by Pugwash's native son, steel magnate Cyrus Eaton (1883–1979), at
152-401: A prominent inhabitant and Waugh River is named after him. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Tatamagouche had a population of 691 living in 348 of its 387 total private dwellings, a change of -8.5% from its 2016 population of 755. With a land area of 8.05 km (3.11 sq mi), it had a population density of 85.8/km (222.3/sq mi) in 2021. In
190-486: A reef near the mouth of the harbour. The village is home to fishing, salt mining, small-scale manufacturing, and tourism. Pugwash sits atop a salt deposit measuring 457.2 metres (1,500 ft) thick and is home to the largest underground salt mine in Atlantic Canada , with shipments from its port, as well as by rail from a facility at Oxford Junction . The end of glaciation began 13,500 years ago and ended with
228-556: A regional high school that draws students from around rural Cumberland County. It has a farmers' market that runs on Saturdays during the summer months. The Pugwash railway station currently houses the Pugwash Library and North Cumberland Historical Society. The building was designed by Sir Sandford Fleming and completed in 1892, is a registered historic site under the Heritage Property Act of Nova Scotia . The village
266-561: Is $ $ 281,100 in fiscal 2023. Pugwash is also a part of the Municipality of Cumberland . Municipal Council is responsible for all facets of the municipal government , including directly delivered and shared or regional services. Directly delivered services include services such fire, public works, roads, as well as the municipally owned and operated electrical and water utilities. The municipality participates in shared services, such as library services and policing. The municipal operating budget
304-572: Is a village in Colchester County , Nova Scotia , Canada. Tatamagouche is situated on the Northumberland Strait 50 kilometres north of Truro and 50 kilometres west of Pictou . The village is located along the south side of Tatamagouche Bay at the mouths of the French and Waugh Rivers. Tatamagouche derives its name from the native Mi'kmaq term Takǔmegoochk , translated as "Meeting of
342-487: Is another important industry in Pugwash. The Village of Pugwash is governed by a Commission composed of a five Commissioners elected at-large, who elect a chair and vice chair from their numbers The chair of the Commission is Brent Wilson. Day-to-day activities are managed by a village clerk who is accountable to Commission. Terms overlap and elections are held every year for one or two seats. The village's operating budget
380-631: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pugwash, Nova Scotia Pugwash is an incorporated village in Cumberland County , Nova Scotia , Canada , located on the Northumberland Strait at the mouth of the Pugwash River . It had a population of 746 as of the 2021 census . The name Pugwash is derived from the Mi'kmaq word Pakwesk (also written as Pagwĕsk), meaning "a shoal", in reference to
418-465: The schooner , brig , brigantine , barque , and clipper ship . Of these, schooners were by far the most popular. There is also one barquentine on record as being built at Tatamagouche, the Yolande in 1883. Many of the larger vessels, such as the brigs, barques and brigantines, were loaded with lumber from the area and sailed to Britain, where first the cargo, and then the ship itself, were sold. Some of
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#1732845112231456-605: The "Home of the Thinkers", but the signs have since been replaced by a newer slogan "World Famous for Peace". The switch was made in response to the 1995 awarding of the Nobel Prize to the International Pugwash conferences "for their efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and in the longer run to eliminate such arms". The village has an elementary school, named after Cyrus Eaton, as well as
494-405: The 19th century, like many other villages in the area, Tatamagouche had a sizable shipbuilding industry. Trees were plentiful and sawmills started appearing on area rivers, producing lumber for settlers. Builders needed the lumber to produce the ships and it was common to send a completed vessel overseas loaded with lumber. Generally, there were five types of vessels being built at Tatamagouche:
532-502: The British Crown. DesBarres was awarded 20,000 acres (81 km ) of land in and around Tatamagouche on the condition that he settle it with 100 Protestants within 10 years. Low land prices in other colonies made attracting tenants difficult, but an offer of six years free rent to dissatisfied residents of Lunenburg was a moderate success in 1772. The earliest settlers of Tatamagouche from Lunenburg were families from Montbéliard on
570-540: The French Fortress Louisbourg. All that remains from that period are Acadian dykes and some French place names. Fort Franklin was built at Tatamagouche in 1768, named after Michael Francklin . (The fort was built immediately after the abandonment of both Fort Ellis (Nova Scotia) and Fort Belcher.) Ten years later, on August 25, 1765, the land that became Tatamagouche was given to British military mapmaker Colonel Joseph Frederick Wallet DesBarres by
608-622: The French and natives. The battle was significant in the downfall of Louisbourg because Marin's relief envoy was thwarted. The homes of the Acadians who lived in the village were burned as part of the Bay of Fundy Campaign (1755) during the French and Indian War . Tatamagouche and nearby Wallace, Nova Scotia were the first villages in Acadia to be burned because they were the gateway through which Acadians supplied
646-494: The French river, a 63-foot (19 m) schooner named Elizabeth. They launched several more ships together, until Alexander went into partnership with his brothers, William and James, in 1830. Their partnership ended in 1833 following a disagreement between Alexander and James. The brothers went their separate ways, each building ships for some time afterwards, but the list of ships built in Tatamagouche shows Alexander Campbell to be
684-708: The French-German border near Switzerland . To escape religious persecution following the Edict of Fontainebleau , these families boarded rafts and drifted down the Rhine to Rotterdam . There the Scottish merchant John Dick was recruiting colonists and shipping them across the English Channel to be transported to Halifax, Nova Scotia . Those who survived the Atlantic crossing in 1752 and
722-674: The United Empire Loyalists, coming to Chignecto in 1790, and then with the Seaman family, formerly of New York State, moving to farm the mouth of River Phillip in 1795, and ultimately purchasing what became the Pugwash town site from the Mi'kmaw in 1802. Pugwash is home to many descendants of Highland Scots who immigrated to the region in the 19th century. All street signs in the town are bilingual, with both English and Gaelic translations. The village celebrates its Scottish heritage each July 1, with
760-695: The annual Gathering of the Clans and Fisherman's Regatta. The Pugwash area, and indeed the entire north shore of Nova Scotia, is famed for its warm waters and sandy beaches. Some claim the waters in summer here are the warmest waters north of the Carolinas in the United States. The Crowley Memorial was erected in 1870 at Pugwash by the Legislature of Nova Scotia in honour of Mary E. Crowley, who died October 1869, aged 12 years after rescuing her younger brother and sister from
798-650: The dividing line between two fishing areas making it the only place on the Northumberland Strait to have two fishing seasons. The first one takes place in May and June and the second in mid-August and mid-October. Many boats fish out of the Pugwash harbour, carrying up to 300 lobster traps at a time. The village is home of the Canadian Salt Company Mine the only salt mine and only underground mine in Nova Scotia . This mine has been open since 1959. The majority of
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#1732845112231836-553: The end of the century with a flood of Scottish immigrants following the Highland Clearances . During the American Revolution , American privateers pillaged the property of Wellwood Waugh and he was forced to move from Charlottetown to Pictou , Nova Scotia , the following year. In 1777, Waugh was himself implicated in an American privateer raid on Pictou and was forced to move to Tatamagouche, Nova Scotia . He became
874-416: The group. A myth about the village is that the children's cartoon character Captain Pugwash was named after the international organization that takes its name from the town, but the character, a pirate, in fact first appeared in 1950, several years before the planning of the first Pugwash conference took place. Visitors entering Pugwash were once greeted by roadside signs announcing that they were entering
912-697: The lodge on property owned by the Pugwash Park Commission located at the north end of Water Street in the village. This conference brought high-level scientists from both sides of the Cold War divide to state their opposition to nuclear weapons . This meeting was a follow-up to an earlier statement of notables whose signatories had included Albert Einstein and Linus Pauling , the Russell–Einstein Manifesto . The name Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs has since been used to refer to
950-465: The market in full force. At the height of the ship building days he employed about 200 men. In 1850 he turned out eight ships. The Intercolonial Railway constructed its "Short Line" from Oxford Junction to Stellarton through Tatamagouche in 1887. The ICR commissioned the Rhodes Curry Company of Amherst to build a passenger station in the village immediately east of the creamery. The ICR
988-537: The mine runs under the Pugwash River, some under solid ground, but not under the village. The plant produces industrial grades salt, salt blocks for farm use and refined salt for domestic consumption . The mine produces approximately 1,200,000 tones of salt per year. The salt is distributed by road or from the company owned ship-loading facility for which large ships can be seen in the harbour from early spring to late autumn. The creation of pewter crafts and souvenirs
1026-600: The most active of the three, with over 70 ships to his name. William built about a dozen ships after the breakup that varied in quality, size and type. Several of them were loaded with timber bound for the British Isles. His last ship was the Trident and in 1842 she ran aground off Newfoundland on her maiden voyage, leaving him near bankruptcy. He died a poor man in 1878, despite having held several other jobs. When William stopped building, Alexander took over his yard and attacked
1064-475: The region becoming largely ice-free 11,000 years ago. The earliest evidence of Paleo-Indian settlement in the region follows rapidly after deglaciation. What is now the Northumberland Shore, including Pugwash, is part of the Mi'kma'ki , the territory of the Mi'kmaq , who have inhabited it for 13,500 years. Early colonial maps of the area describe West Pugwash as "Indian land". The Chignecto peninsula
1102-410: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pugwash . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pugwash&oldid=640730370 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1140-496: The ships sold immediately, while others could take years to find a buyer. Often, the owner would sail the ship over to arrange for its sale personally, other times they would be sold through a firm such as Cannon, Miller, & Co., who sold most of the Campbell brothers ships. The age of steam ended ship building in Tatamagouche. On May 17, 1824, Alexander Campbell and partners William Mortimer and G. Smith launched their first ship on
1178-408: The trail branches south to Truro, Halifax and southwestern Nova Scotia, making Tatamagouche a good starting point for a short waterfront walk or a major biking expedition. Ron Joyce , Canadian entrepreneur, billionaire and co-founder of Tim Hortons was born in 1930 in Tatamagouche, Nova Scotia. In September 2008, Paperny Films of Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada selected Tatamagouche as
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1216-618: The waters". The first European settlers in the Tatamagouche area were the French Acadians , who settled the area in the early 18th century, and Tatamagouche became a transshipment point for goods bound for Fortress of Louisbourg . During King George's War , New England was engaged in the Siege of Louisbourg (1745) in their efforts to defeat the French. On June 15, 1745, Captain Donahew confronted Lieut. Paul Marin de la Malgue 's allied force who
1254-747: Was $ 7.6 million in the 2019/20 fiscal year. The provincial legislation that creates and empowers the a village and a municipal council is the Nova Scotia Municipal Government Act. Pugwash is represented by Elizabeth Smith-McCrossin in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly and Stephen Ellis in Canada's House of Commons . Pugwash has a humid continental climate ( Dfb ) characterized by warm summers with cool nights and long, cold, and snowy winters. Tatamagouche, Nova Scotia Tatamagouche / ˌ t æ t ə m ə ˈ ɡ ʊ ʃ / TAT -ə-mə- GUUSH (Mi'kmaq: Taqamiju’jk )
1292-580: Was closed and sold in 1976. CN discontinued freight service on the line in 1986 when the Oxford Sub was abandoned; the rails were removed in 1989. Today the passenger station is a bed and breakfast with restored historic rail cars located on the property. The rail line through the village is a recreational trail, designated as part of the Trans Canada Trail and the point where the Nova Scotia portion of
1330-460: Was en route from Annapolis Royal to Louisbourg . The French convoy of two sloops and two schooners and many natives in a large number of canoes was a relief effort of French and Mi'kmaq on their way to the fortress. Donahew drove the French ashore, preventing supplies and reinforcements from reaching Louisbourg before it fell to the English. The British reported there was a "considerable slaughter" of
1368-403: Was hit by a tornado in 1999, a rarity in Nova Scotia. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Pugwash had a population of 746 living in 343 of its 458 total private dwellings, a change of 1.4% from its 2016 population of 736. With a land area of 9.8 km (3.8 sq mi), it had a population density of 76.1/km (197.2/sq mi) in 2021. Pugwash sits on
1406-533: Was merged into the Canadian National Railways in 1918 and CN operated this line as part of its "Oxford Subdivision", servicing mainly agricultural communities, as well as the salt mines at Malagash and Pugwash as well as a quarry in Wallace . Passenger service through Tatamagouche was discontinued in the 1960s and the station was used as an office for railway employees handling freight until 1972 when it
1444-468: Was settled by Acadians from the 1660s onward, this period ended with the with Expulsion and the Bay of Fundy Campaign during the French and Indian War . Wallace and nearby Tatamagouche were the first villages in Acadia to be burned because they were important ports through which Acadians supplied the French Fortress Louisbourg . British colonial settlement began with the arrival of
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