Misplaced Pages

#198801

49-733: The Pretoria Ring Road, also known as the Pretoria Bypass , is a collection of two bypasses that together form a partial ring road around the city of Pretoria , South Africa . It consists of a section of the N1 highway (known as the Eastern Bypass) as well as a section of the N4 highway (known as the Northern Bypass). It is entirely in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality . The Pretoria Eastern Bypass

98-413: A city or town, with the standard of road being anything from an ordinary city street up to motorway level. An excellent example of this is London's North Circular/South Circular ring roads, which are largely made up of (mainly congested) ordinary city streets. In some cases, a circumferential route is formed by the combination of a major through highway and a similar-quality loop route that extends out from

147-662: A complete belt road around Hawaii Island . Other major U.S. cities with such a beltway superhighway: There are other U.S. superhighway beltway systems that consist of multiple routes that require multiple interchanges and thus do not provide true ring routes. Two designated examples are the Capital Beltway around Harrisburg, Pennsylvania using Interstate 81 , Interstate 83 , and Pennsylvania Route 581 and "The Bypass" around South Bend, Indiana using Interstate 80 , Interstate 90 , U.S. Route 31 , and Indiana State Road 331 . Edmonton , Alberta, has two ring roads. The first

196-815: A junction with the M22 route (Quagga Road) at Proclamation Hill. Together with the M4 route , the section of the M2 route from the Proefplaas Interchange near Hatfield to the M5 junction in Arcadia was previously part of the N4 national route , which connects the Mozambique Border in the east with the Botswana Border in the west. It was part of the main route from the east of Pretoria to

245-620: A length of approximately 36 km. It heads west from the Doornpoort Toll Plaza, bypassing Wonderboom Airport and Onderstepoort , to reach an interchange with the R80 highway (Mabopane Highway; which connects with Mabopane and Soshanguve in the north) in Akasia . It continues westwards to reach the Brits Toll Plaza, where it leaves the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality , enters

294-489: A ring road or ring road system: In Iceland , there is a 1,332 km ring road, called the ring road (or Route 1), around most of the island (excluding only the remote Westfjords ). Most of the country's settlements are on or near this road. Major cities that are served by a ring road or ring road system: M2 road (Pretoria) The M2 starts at the Proefplaas interchange with the N1 highway ( Pretoria Bypass ) and

343-523: A through-the-city route there, with the Beltway encircling the city as I-495. The portion of I-95 entering the city from the south was soon completed (and so signed), primarily by adapting an existing major highway, but the planned extension of I-95 through residential areas northward to the Beltway was long delayed, and eventually abandoned, leaving the eastern portion of the Beltway as the best Interstate-quality route for through traffic. This eastern portion of

392-609: A town or city, typically without either signals or road or railroad crossings. In the United States, beltways are commonly parts of the Interstate Highway System. Similar roads in the United Kingdom are often called "orbital motorways". Although the terms "ring road" and "orbital motorway" are sometimes used interchangeably, "ring road" often indicates a circumferential route formed from one or more existing roads within

441-525: A true ring road around Detroit is effectively blocked by its location on the border with Canada and the Detroit River ; although constructing a route mostly or entirely outside city limits is technically feasible, a true ring around Detroit would necessarily pass through Canada, and so Interstate 275 and Interstate 696 together bypass but do not encircle the city. Sometimes, the presence of significant natural or historical areas limits route options, as for

490-405: Is a loose conglomeration of four major arterial roads with an average distance of 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the downtown core. Yellowhead Trail forms the northern section, Wayne Gretzky Drive /75 Street forms the eastern section, Whitemud Drive forms the southern and longest section, and 170 Street forms the western and shortest section. Whitemud Drive is the only section that

539-413: Is a true controlled-access highway , while Yellowhead Trail and Wayne Gretzky Drive have interchanges and intersections and are therefore both limited-access roads . 170 Street and 75 Street are merely large arterial roads with intersections only. The second and more prominent ring road is named Anthony Henday Drive ; it circles the city at an average distance of 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from

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588-417: Is challenging when a through highway and a loop bypass together form a circumferential ring road. Since neither of the highways involved is circumferential itself, either dual signage or two (or more) route numbers is needed. The history of signage on the Capital Beltway around Washington, D.C., is instructive here. Interstate 95 , a major through highway along the U.S. East Coast , was originally planned as

637-828: Is formed by the N1 highway , from the Brakfontein Interchange with the Ben Schoeman Freeway (N1; N14 ) in Centurion to the Doornpoort Interchange with the Platinum Highway (N4) in northern Pretoria , a length of approximately 30 km. It heads north-east from Brakfontein (bypassing Centurion CBD) and then turns north after the Flying Saucer Interchange with the R21 highway , eventually reaching

686-469: The Frankfurt area, major national highways converge just outside city limits before forming one of several routes of an urban network of roads circling the city. Unlike in United States, route numbering is not a challenge on European ring roads as routes merge to form the single designated road. However, exit and road junction access can be challenging due to the complexity of other routes branching from or into

735-557: The Leeds Inner and Outer ring roads. Australia , Pakistan and India also use the term ring road, as in Melbourne 's Western Ring Road , Lahore 's Lahore Ring Road and Hyderabad 's Outer Ring Road . In Canada the term is the most commonly used, with "orbital" also used, but to a much lesser extent. In Europe and Australia, some ring roads, particularly longer ones of motorway standard, are known as "orbital motorways". Examples are

784-580: The London Orbital (generally known as the M25; 188 km), Sydney Orbital Network (110 km) and Rome Orbital (68 km). In the United States many ring roads are called beltlines , beltways or loops , such as the Capital Beltway around Washington, D.C. Some ring roads, such as Washington's Capital Beltway, use "Inner Loop" and "Outer Loop" terminology for directions of travel, since cardinal (compass) directions cannot be signed uniformly around

833-691: The M3 route (Nelson Mandela Drive). The M2 leaves Pretorius Street and Francis Baard Street to join the M3 on Nelson Mandela Drive southwards up to the next junction, where the M2 becomes Nana Sita Street (formerly Skinner Street ) westwards. It passes through the Pretoria CBD westwards as Nana Sita Street, meeting the M18 route (Thabo Sehume Street; Bosman Street) and the R101 route (Sophie de Bruyn Street; Kgosi Mampuru Street). Just after

882-530: The Magalies Toll Route , a 20 km tolled highway to Hartbeespoort . This new realignment of the N4 (the Northern Bypass) means that both Hartbeespoort and Pretoria Central are now bypassed to the north for east–west traffic. Traffic coming from Rustenburg in the west and heading towards towns east (and south) of Pretoria no-longer has to pass through the city centre and interfere with local traffic. Before

931-798: The N4 highway ( Maputo Corridor ) in Pretoria East, just north of the Scientia suburb. It heads west to pass through the Hatfield suburb, becoming two one-way streets (Pretorius Street westwards from the N1 and Francis Baard Street, formerly Schoeman Street, eastwards to the N1) and meeting the M7 route (Gordon Road; Jan Shoba Street). At Arcadia , the M2 meets the M5 route (Hamilton Street; Steve Biko Road) and immediately afterwards, it meets

980-901: The North and South Circular roads and the Inner Ring Road ). Birmingham also has three ring roads which consist of the Birmingham Box ; the A4540 , commonly known as the Middleway; and the A4040 , the Outer Ring Road. Birmingham once had a fourth ring road, the A4400 . This has been partially demolished and downgraded to improve traffic flow into the city. Other British cities have two: Leeds , Sheffield , Norwich and Glasgow . Cleveland, OH and San Antonio, TX , in

1029-609: The North West Province and proceeds to Brits and Rustenburg . The Northern Bypass is part of the Platinum Highway maintained by Bakwena. Before the opening of the Northern Bypass, the N4 national route , which is coming from Witbank and Mbombela in the east, passed westwards through Pretoria from the Proefplaas Interchange on regular city streets (today designated as the M2 and M4 roads) and exited Pretoria westbound as

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1078-488: The United States , also each have two, while Houston, Texas will have three official ring roads (not including the downtown freeway loop). Some cities have far more – Beijing , for example, has six ring roads , simply numbered in increasing order from the city center (though skipping #1), while Moscow has five, three innermost ( Central Squares of Moscow , Boulevard Ring and Garden Ring ) corresponding to

1127-651: The 1950s and not yet completed, called the Suburban Beltway. It consists of several roads— Lagimodière Boulevard , Abinojii Mikanah , the Fort Garry Bridge, the Moray Bridge, William R Clement Parkway , Chief Peguis Trail and the Kildonan Bridge . Saskatoon , Saskatchewan, has a ring road named Circle Drive. It is cosigned as Saskatchewan Highway 16 and Saskatchewan Highway 11 along the whole route since

1176-415: The 2013 opening of Circle Drive South. Regina , Saskatchewan has a partial ring road that is named Ring Road ; however, due to the city's urban growth since the road was originally constructed, it no longer functions as a true ring road and has instead come to be used partially for local arterial traffic. The Regina Bypass , a new partial ring road, has replaced it, although Ring Road must still be used in

1225-604: The Beltway ", derived metonymically from the Capital Beltway encircling Washington, D.C. Ring roads have been criticised for inducing demand , leading to more car journeys being taken and thus higher levels of pollution being created. By creating easy access by car to large areas of land, they can also act as a catalyst for development, leading to urban sprawl and car-centric planning. Ring roads have also been criticised for splitting communities and being difficult to navigate for pedestrians and cyclists. Most orbital motorways (or beltways) are purpose-built major highways around

1274-464: The Beltway was then redesignated from I-495 to I-95, leaving the I-495 designation only on the western portion, and the completed part of the planned Interstate inside the Beltway was redesignated as a spur, I-395 . A few years later, the resulting confusion from different route numbers on the circumferential Beltway was resolved by restoring I-495 signage for the entire Beltway, with dual signage for I-95 for

1323-557: The Brakfontein Interchange, a highway links south-west to Krugersdorp (designated as the N14 ) while the Ben Schoeman Freeway links north to the Pretoria CBD (designated as the N14) and south to Midrand and Johannesburg (designated as the N1). The Pretoria Northern Bypass is formed by the N4 highway , from the Doornpoort Interchange with the N1 highway (Eastern Bypass) to the Brits Toll Plaza,

1372-600: The Eastern Bypass from the Brakfontein Interchange to the Proefplaas Interchange, which is also known as the Danie Joubert Freeway, is a toll-free section while the remaining 12 km section to Doornpoort is a toll road with physical toll booths at the northbound ramp exits. At the Doornpoort Interchange is the Pumulani Toll Plaza on the N1 north and the Doornpoort Toll Plaza on the N4 west. The section of

1421-530: The Eastern Bypass from the Brakfontein Interchange to the Proefplaas interchange was part of the Gauteng e-toll system and had open road tolling from 3 December 2013 onwards. On 12 April 2024, e-tolls were discontinued in Gauteng, effectively making this section of the road a toll-free section. SANRAL maintains the toll-free section while Bakwena maintains the N1/N4 section from the Proefplaas Interchange northwards. At

1470-560: The Pretoria CBD, the M2 reaches a junction, where it meets the southern terminus of the M1 route (Es'kia Mphahlele Drive) and the western terminus of the M6 route (Visagie Street), where it crosses into Pretoria West . It once again becomes two one-way streets (Charlotte Maxeke Street, formerly Mitchell Street, westwards and Soutter Street eastwards) through Pretoria West, before becoming one street westwards (Charlotte Maxeke Street) and reaching its end at

1519-486: The Proefplaas Interchange east of Pretoria CBD, where it meets the N4 highway ( Maputo Corridor ) coming from eMalahleni and Mbombela in the east. Here, the N4 designation joins the N1 northwards to be co-signed for 12 km up to the Doornpoort Interchange, where the N4 becomes the Platinum Highway (Pretoria Northern Bypass) westwards towards Brits and Rustenburg while the N1 continues north on its present highway towards Mokopane and Polokwane . The section of

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1568-456: The United States. In many cases, such as Interstate 285 in Atlanta, Georgia , circumferential highways serve as a bypass while other highways pass directly through the city center. In other cases, a primary Interstate highway passes around a city on one side, with a connecting loop Interstate bypassing the city on the other side, together forming a circumferential route, as with I-93 and I-495 in

1617-581: The area of Lawrence, Massachusetts . However, if a primary Interstate passes through a city and a loop bypasses it on only one side (as in the Wilmington, Delaware , area), no fully circumferential route is provided. Within cities, ring roads sometimes have local nicknames; these include Washington DC's Interstate 495 (The "Capital Beltway"), Interstate 270 in Columbus, Ohio (The "Outerbelt"), and Interstate 285 in Atlanta (The "Perimeter"). Route numbering

1666-467: The city of Calgary , Alberta, for an entire length of 101-kilometre (63 mi). Winnipeg , Manitoba, has a ring road which is called the Perimeter Highway . It is designated as Manitoba Highway 101 on the north, northwest and east sides and as Manitoba Highway 100 on the south and southwest sides. The majority of it is a four-lane divided expressway . It has a second ring road, planned since

1715-595: The concentric lines of fortifications around the ancient city, and the two outermost ( MKAD and Third Ring ) built in the twentieth century, though, confusingly, the Third Ring was built last. Geographical constraints can complicate the construction of a complete ring road. For example, the Baltimore Beltway in Maryland formerly crossed Baltimore Harbor on a high arch bridge prior to its collapse in 2024, and much of

1764-500: The downtown core. It is a freeway for its entire 78-kilometre (48 mi) length, and was built to reduce inner-city traffic congestion, created a bypass of Yellowhead Trail, and has improved the movement of goods and services across Edmonton and the surrounding areas. It was completed in October 2016 as the first free-flowing orbital road in Canada. Stoney Trail is a ring road that circles

1813-480: The entire loop. The term 'ring road' is occasionally – and inaccurately – used interchangeably with the term ' bypass '. Bypasses around many large and small towns were built in many areas when many old roads were converted to four-lane status in the 1930s to 1950s, such as those along the Old National Road (now generally U.S. 40 or Interstate 70 ) in the United States, leaving the old road in place to serve

1862-643: The highway's concurrent use as a through Interstate on its eastern portion. The longest complete beltway in the United States is the Charles W. Anderson Loop , a 94-mile (151 km) loop in Texas that forms a complete loop around the Greater San Antonio area. The longest complete belt road, or a beltway that is only two lanes, in the United States is Hawaii Belt Road , a 260-mile (420 km) belt in Hawaii that forms

1911-528: The long-proposed Outer Beltway around Washington, D.C., where options for a new western Potomac River crossing are limited by a nearly continuous corridor of heavily visited scenic, natural, and historical landscapes in the Potomac River Gorge and adjacent areas. When referring to a road encircling a capital city, the term "beltway" can also have a political connotation, as in the American term " Inside

1960-425: The north and heading towards towns south (and south-west) of Pretoria no-longer has to pass through the city centre. Ring road A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline , beltway , circumferential ( high ) way , loop or orbital ) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city or country. The most common purpose of a ring road is to assist in reducing traffic volumes in

2009-683: The northeast quadrant of the city. Hamilton , Ontario, has the Lincoln M. Alexander Parkway , Highway 403 and the Red Hill Valley Parkway which form a ring on three sides. Sudbury , Ontario, has a partial ring road consisting of the Southwest and Southeast Bypasses segment of Highway 17 , and the Northwest Bypass segment of Highway 144 . An unofficial northeast "bypass" route can also be completed on city arterial roads that largely bypass

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2058-443: The opening of the Eastern Bypass, the N1 national route , which is coming from Johannesburg in the south, passed northwards through Pretoria on regular city streets (today designated as the R101 ) and exited Pretoria northbound on Lavender Road/Old Warmbaths Road . This new realignment of the N1 (the Eastern Bypass) means that Pretoria Central is now bypassed to the east for north–south traffic. Traffic coming from Polokwane in

2107-522: The parent road, later reconnecting with the same highway. Such loops not only function as a bypass for through traffic, but also to serve outlying suburbs . In the United States, an Interstate highway loop is usually designated by a three-digit number beginning with an even digit before the two-digit number of its parent interstate. Interstate spurs, on the other hand, generally have three-digit numbers beginning with an odd digit. Circumferential highways are prominent features in or near many large cities in

2156-678: The partially completed Stockholm Ring Road in Sweden runs through tunnels or over long bridges. Some towns or cities on sea coasts or near rugged mountains cannot have a full ring road. Examples of such partial ring roads are Dublin's ring road ; and, in the USA, Interstate 287 , mostly in New Jersey (bypassing New York City), and Interstate 495 around Boston , none of which completely circles these seaport cities. In other cases, adjacent international boundaries may prevent ring road completion. Construction of

2205-410: The ring road. One of the most renowned ring roads is the Vienna Ring Road ( Ringstraße ), a grand boulevard constructed in the mid-19th century and filled with representative buildings. Due to its unique architectural beauty and history, it has also been called the "Lord of the ring roads", and is declared by UNESCO as part of Vienna's World Heritage Site . Major European cities that are served by

2254-581: The town or city, but allowing through travelers to continue on a wider, faster and safer route. Construction of fully circumferential ring roads has generally occurred more recently, beginning in the 1960s in many areas, when the U.S. Interstate Highway System and similar-quality roads elsewhere were designed. Ring roads have now been built around numerous cities and metropolitan areas, including cities with multiple ring roads, irregularly shaped ring roads and ring roads made up of various other long-distance roads. London has three ring roads (the M25 motorway ,

2303-444: The urban centre, such as by offering an alternate route around the city for drivers who do not need to stop in the city core. Ring roads can also serve to connect suburbs to each other, allowing efficient travel between them. The name "ring road" is used for the majority of metropolitan circumferential routes in Europe, such as the Berliner Ring , the Brussels Ring , the Amsterdam Ring , the Boulevard Périphérique around Paris and

2352-417: The urban core of the city, but are not fully controlled-access and must be shared with local traffic in the Nickel Centre and Rayside-Balfour districts of the city. Most major cities in Europe are served by a ring road that circles either the inner core of their metropolitan areas or the outer borders of the city proper or both. In major transit hubs, such as the Île-de-France region surrounding Paris and

2401-477: The west of Pretoria. Then, the N4 was realigned on a new highway known as the Pretoria Bypass , which forms part of the Platinum Highway maintained by Bakwena, in order for the city centre to be bypassed to the north and east. The old route through Pretoria Central, specifically from the Proefplaas Interchange to the M5 junction, was then re-designated as the M2 Metropolitan Route of Tshwane , although some Global Positioning Systems still label this old route as

#198801