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104-408: Port Antonio ( Jamaican Patois : Puot Antuoni ) is the capital of the parish of Portland on the northeastern coast of Jamaica , about 100 km (60 miles) from Kingston . It had a population of 12,285 in 1982 and 13,246 in 1991. It is the island's third largest port, famous as a shipping point for bananas and coconuts , as well as one of its most important tourist attractions , tourism being

208-656: A Catholic upbringing. He later described his father as "a merchant of chaos", a "bully", and a "coward" who beat his children. He elaborated, "[My father] was the kind of person where, if something goes wrong, they kick you. It was a great lesson in my life—how he'd lull you in, make you feel safe and then, bang! For me, it was like, 'There's something wrong with this guy. Don't trust him. Be careful around him. ' " Cruise's biological father died of cancer in 1984. In total, Cruise attended fifteen schools in fourteen years. Cruise spent part of his childhood in Canada; when his father took

312-424: A Franciscan priest before leaving after a year. Priests at the seminary have said Cruise chose to leave the school when his family relocated again; however, a former classmate said that they were both asked to leave after getting caught taking liquor. In his senior year of high school, he played football for the varsity team as a linebacker , but was cut from the squad after getting caught drinking beer before

416-502: A bit part in the 1981 film Endless Love , followed by a major supporting role as a crazed military academy student in Taps later that year. Cruise was originally supposed to appear as a background actor but his role was expanded after impressing director Harold Becker . In 1983, Cruise was part of the ensemble cast of Francis Ford Coppola 's The Outsiders . That same year he appeared in All

520-400: A creole continuum (or a linguistic continuum ): the variety of the language closest to the lexifier language (the acrolect ) cannot be distinguished systematically from intermediate varieties (collectively referred to as the mesolect ) or even from the most divergent rural varieties (collectively referred to as the basilect ). This situation came about with contact between speakers of

624-469: A . These are not verbs , but rather invariant particles that cannot stand alone (like the English to be ). Their function also differs from those of English. According to Bailey (1966), the progressive category is marked by /a~da~de/ . Alleyne (1980) claims that /a~da/ marks the progressive and that the habitual aspect is unmarked but by its accompaniment with words such as "always", "usually", etc. (i.e.

728-480: A Jamaican woman ( Lois Kelly Miller ). In addition, early Jamaican films like The Harder They Come (1972), Rockers (1978), and many of the films produced by Palm Pictures in the mid-1990s (e.g. Dancehall Queen and Third World Cop ) have most of their dialogue in Jamaican Patois; some of these films have even been subtitled in English. It was also used in the second season of Marvel's Luke Cage but

832-406: A boom town. The banana trade and the tourists who came in the banana boats , was once so large that at one time, weekly sailing from Port Antonio was greater than weekly sailing from the English port of Liverpool . The island was glamorized by Hollywood as a model of paradise in movies of the 1940s and 1950s, and in later movies such as Club Paradise and Cocktail . This image was added to by

936-573: A child. In April 2006, their daughter Suri was born. On November 18, Holmes and Cruise were married at the 15th-century castle Castello Orsini-Odescalchi in Bracciano , in a Scientologist ceremony attended by many Hollywood stars. Their publicists said the couple had "officialized" their marriage in Los Angeles the day before the Italian ceremony. There has been widespread speculation that their marriage

1040-419: A close friend of Scientology leader David Miscavige since the 1980s. Several years after Cruise started studying Scientology, the organization's leaders promised to share some Scientology secrets with him, including information about the extraterrestrial ruler Xenu . According to Janet Reitman's book Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion (2011), Cruise "freaked out" and took

1144-516: A cock-of-the-rock strut that viewers haven't seen since his turn in Magnolia ." Cruise starred as Jack Reacher in the film adaptation of British author Lee Child 's 2005 novel One Shot . The film was released on December 21, 2012. It met with positive reviews from critics and was a box office success grossing $ 217 million worldwide. In 2013, he starred in the science fiction film Oblivion based on director Joseph Kosinski 's graphic novel of

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1248-469: A film which he also produced. The film premiered at the Cannes Film Festival where Cruise earned an Honorary Palme d'Or . The film was released to widespread critical praise, with many reviewers deeming it superior to its predecessor. The film broke several box office records upon its release; earning over $ 1 billion, becoming the highest-grossing film of his career. Cruise earned $ 100 million for

1352-725: A future Axiom Space mission in a SpaceX Dragon 2 spacecraft. In May 2021, Cruise protested against the Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) by returning all three of his Golden Globe Awards in light of controversy surrounding the HFPA, particularly its lack of diversity, specifically no black members, and ethical questions related to financial benefits to some of its members. In 2022, Cruise reprised his role as Captain Pete "Maverick" Mitchell in Top Gun: Maverick ,

1456-557: A game. He went on to star in the school's production of Guys and Dolls . In 1980, he graduated from Glen Ridge High School in Glen Ridge, New Jersey . At age 18, with the blessing of his mother and stepfather, Cruise moved to New York City to pursue an acting career. After working as a busboy in New York, he went to Los Angeles to try out for television roles. He signed with CAA and began acting in films. He made his film debut in

1560-583: A job as a defense consultant with the Canadian Armed Forces , his family moved in late 1971 to Beacon Hill , Ottawa. He attended the new Robert Hopkins Public School for his fourth and fifth grade education. He first became involved in drama in fourth grade, under drama teacher George Steinburg. He and six other boys put on an improvised play to music called IT at the Carleton Elementary School drama festival. Drama organizer Val Wright

1664-663: A lower-case noun as a catch-all description of pidgins , creoles, dialects , and vernaculars worldwide. Creoles, including Jamaican Patois, are often stigmatized as low- prestige languages even when spoken as the mother tongue by the majority of the local population. Jamaican pronunciation and vocabulary are significantly different from English despite heavy use of English words or derivatives. Significant Jamaican Patois-speaking communities exist among Jamaican expatriates and non Jamaican in South Florida , New York City , Hartford , Washington, D.C. , Nicaragua , Costa Rica ,

1768-556: A major contributor to the town's economy. Port Antonio was a settlement first established in Spanish Jamaica , when it was known as Puerto Anton. Portland formally became a parish in 1723 by order of the Duke of Portland , the then-Governor of Jamaica after whom it is named. The existing port was to be called Port Antonio and was slated to become a naval stronghold. To that end, by 1729, the colonial government began to build Fort George on

1872-514: A miscarriage at the end of my marriage, but I had an ectopic pregnancy at the beginning of my marriage." Cruise was next romantically linked with Penélope Cruz , his co-star in Vanilla Sky (2001). Their three-year relationship ended in 2004. An article in the October 2012 issue of Vanity Fair stated that several sources have said that after the breakup with Cruz, Scientologist leaders launched

1976-421: A monk, which affected their intimacy. Rogers later retracted the comments and claimed she had been misinterpreted. Rogers received a $ 4 million divorce settlement. Cruise met his second wife, actress Nicole Kidman , on the set of their film Days of Thunder (1990). The couple married on December 24, 1990. They adopted two children: Isabella Jane (born 1992) and Connor Antony (born 1995). On February 5, 2001,

2080-670: A move would undermine efforts at promoting the use of English. The Patois New Testament was launched in Britain (where the Jamaican diaspora is significant) in October 2012 as " Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment ", and with print and audio versions in Jamaica in December 2012. The system of spelling used in Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment is the phonetic Cassidy Writing system adopted by

2184-462: A number of Niger–Congo languages and various dialects of English, the latter of which were all perceived as prestigious and whose use carried socio-economic benefits. The span of a speaker's command of the continuum generally corresponds to social context. The tense/aspect system of Jamaican Patois is fundamentally unlike that of English. There are no morphologically marked past participles ; instead, two different participle words exist: en and

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2288-574: A rare supporting role , as a motivational speaker, Frank T.J. Mackey, in Paul Thomas Anderson 's Magnolia (1999). Rolling Stone film critic Peter Travers heaped praise on Cruise writing, "Cruise is a revelation, fully deserving of the shower of superlatives coming his way ... Cruise seethes with the chaotic energy of a wounded animal – he's devastating." For his performance he received another Golden Globe and nomination for an Academy Award . In 2000, Cruise returned as Ethan Hunt in

2392-589: A secret project to find Cruise a new girlfriend. According to those sources, a series of "auditions" of Scientologist actresses resulted in a short-lived relationship with Iranian-British actress Nazanin Boniadi , who subsequently left Scientology. Scientology and Cruise's lawyers issued strongly worded denials and threatened to sue, accusing Vanity Fair of "shoddy journalism" and "religious bigotry". Journalist Roger Friedman later reported that he received an email from director and ex-Scientologist Paul Haggis confirming

2496-589: A step back from the Church to work on the film Eyes Wide Shut. In 1999, Marty Rathbun was sent by David Miscavige to convince Cruise to return to the Church and continue his studies. Cruise later sparked controversy in the 2000s with his efforts to promote Scientology . In the aftermath of 9/11 , Cruise co-founded and raised donations for Downtown Medical to offer New York City rescue workers " detoxification therapy ", drawing criticism from medical professionals and firefighters. In late 2004, David Miscavige created

2600-779: A thriller based on the July 20, 1944, assassination attempt against Adolf Hitler . The film was acquired in March 2007 by United Artists. On March 21, 2007, Cruise signed to play Claus von Stauffenberg , the protagonist . This project marked the second production to be greenlighted since Cruise and Wagner took control of United Artists. The first was its inaugural film, Lions for Lambs , directed by Robert Redford and starring Redford, Meryl Streep and Cruise. In August 2008, Wagner stepped down from her position at United Artists; she retained her stake in UA, which combined with Cruise's share amounted to 30 percent of

2704-632: Is a stylish and compelling noir thriller." In 2005, Cruise worked again with Steven Spielberg in War of the Worlds , a loose adaptation of the H. G. Wells novel of the same name , which became the fourth highest-grossing film of the year with US$ 591.4 million worldwide. Also in 2005, he was a nominee for the People's Choice Award for Favorite Male Movie Star and the winner of the MTV Generation Award. Cruise

2808-745: Is able to make his statement with Cruise's face and voice and doesn't need to put everything into the dialogue." The performance earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama , the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor , the People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Actor, a nomination for BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role , and Cruise's first Best Actor Academy Award nomination. Cruise's next films were Days of Thunder (1990) and Far and Away (1992), both of which co-starred then-wife Nicole Kidman as his love interest, followed by

2912-556: Is absent as a grammatical category). Mufwene (1984) and Gibson and Levy (1984) propose a past-only habitual category marked by /juusta/ as in /weɹ wi juusta liv iz not az kual az iiɹ/ ('where we used to live is not as cold as here'). For the present tense, an uninflected verb combining with an iterative adverb marks habitual meaning as in /tam aawez nua wen kieti tel pan im/ ('Tom always knows when Katy tells/has told about him'). As in other Caribbean Creoles (that is, Guyanese Creole and San Andrés-Providencia Creole ; Sranan Tongo

3016-414: Is also considered a profanity. A rich body of literature has developed in Jamaican Patois. Notable among early authors and works are Thomas MacDermot 's All Jamaica Library and Claude McKay 's Songs of Jamaica (1909), and, more recently, dub poets Linton Kwesi Johnson and Mikey Smith . Subsequently, the life-work of Louise Bennett or Miss Lou (1919–2006) is particularly notable for her use of

3120-403: Is excluded) /fi/ has a number of functions, including: The pronominal system of Standard English has a four-way distinction of person , number , gender and case . Some varieties of Jamaican Patois do not have the gender or case distinction, but all varieties distinguish between the second person singular and plural (you). This is akin to Spanish in that both have two distinct forms of

3224-638: Is the Blue Lagoon, Jamaica, which owes its colour to its depth of 60 m (200 feet). Other sights include the secluded Frenchman's Cove Beach, the ruins of Folly Mansion and the historic DeMontevin Lodge. The Rio Grande, Boston Bay and Reach Falls are nearby. In addition there is the Bay View Eco Resort located on a former coconut plantation and Pimento Lodge in Long Bay. Port Antonio is a hub for bus transport in

Port Antonio - Misplaced Pages Continue

3328-529: The Mission: Impossible film series since 1996. His other films in the genre include Vanilla Sky (2001), Minority Report (2002), The Last Samurai (2003), Collateral (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Knight and Day (2010), Jack Reacher (2012), Oblivion (2013), Edge of Tomorrow (2014), and Top Gun: Maverick (2022). Cruise holds the Guinness World Record for

3432-668: The Academy Award for Best Film . In 1989, Cruise portrayed real-life paralyzed Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic in Oliver Stone 's war epic Born on the Fourth of July . Film critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote, "Nothing Cruise has done will prepare you for what he does in Born on the Fourth of July  ... His performance is so good that the movie lives through it. Stone

3536-539: The Cayman Islands , and Panama , as well as Toronto , London , Birmingham , Manchester , and Nottingham . The Cayman Islands in particular have a very large Jamaican Patois-speaking community, with 16.4% of the population conversing in the language. A mutually intelligible variety is found in San Andrés y Providencia Islands, Colombia, brought to the island by descendants of Jamaican Maroons (escaped slaves) in

3640-634: The Igbo language . Red eboe describes a fair-skinned black person because of the reported account of fair skin among the Igbo in the mid-1700s. De meaning to be (at a location) comes from Yoruba . From the Ashanti-Akan, comes the term Obeah which means witchcraft, from the Ashanti Twi word Ɔbayi which also means "witchcraft". Words from Hindi include ganja (marijuana). Pickney or pickiney meaning child, taken from an earlier form ( piccaninny )

3744-771: The Living Legends of Aviation in 2010, receiving the Aviation Inspiration and Patriotism Award from the Kiddie Hawk Air Academy. In addition to other aircraft, Cruise owns a P-51 Mustang . Cruise splits his time between homes in Beverly Hills, California ; Clearwater, Florida ; and the South of England, where Cruise has lived in various places such as Central London , Dulwich , East Grinstead , and Biggin Hill . In

3848-543: The Paris 2024 Olympics closing ceremony to promote Los Angeles 2028 Summer Olympics , by jumping from the roof of the Stade de France stadium in Paris. He took the flag from Mayor Karen Bass and athlete Simone Biles . Cruise partnered with his former talent agent Paula Wagner to form Cruise/Wagner Productions in 1993, and the company has since co-produced several of Cruise's films,

3952-709: The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) on July 5, 2006. In 2009, magazine editor Michael Davis Sapir filed a suit charging that his phone had been wiretapped at Cruise's behest. That suit was dismissed by a Central Civil West court judge in Los Angeles on the grounds that the statute of limitations had expired on Sapir's claim. In October 2012, Cruise filed a lawsuit against In Touch and Life & Style magazines for defamation after they claimed Cruise had "abandoned" his six-year-old daughter. During deposition, Cruise admitted that "he didn't see his daughter for 110 days". The suit

4056-504: The highest-grossing actors of all time. One of Hollywood's most bankable stars , he is consistently one of the world's highest-paid actors . Cruise began acting in the early 1980s and made his breakthrough with leading roles in Risky Business (1983) and Top Gun (1986). Critical acclaim came with his roles in the dramas The Color of Money (1986), Rain Man (1988), and Born on

4160-523: The legal thriller The Firm , which was a critical and commercial success. In 1994, Cruise starred along with Brad Pitt , Antonio Banderas and Christian Slater in Neil Jordan 's Interview with the Vampire , a gothic drama/horror film that was based on Anne Rice 's best-selling novel . The film was well-received, although Rice was initially quite outspoken in her criticism of Cruise having been cast in

4264-400: The vernacular and dialectal language spoken by the slaveholders and overseers: British English , Hiberno-English and Scots . Jamaican Creole exists in gradations between more conservative creole forms that are not significantly mutually intelligible with English, and forms virtually identical to Standard English . Jamaicans refer to their language as Patois , a term also used as

Port Antonio - Misplaced Pages Continue

4368-774: The 18th century. Mesolectal forms are similar to very basilectal Belizean Kriol . Jamaican Patois exists mainly as a spoken language and is also heavily used for musical purposes, especially in reggae and dancehall as well as other genres. Although standard British English is used for most writing in Jamaica, Jamaican Patois has gained ground as a literary language for almost a hundred years. Claude McKay published his book of Jamaican poems Songs of Jamaica in 1912. Patois and English are frequently used for stylistic contrast ( codeswitching ) in new forms of Internet writing. Accounts of basilectal Jamaican Patois (that is, its most divergent rural varieties) suggest around 21 phonemic consonants with an additional phoneme ( /h/ ) in

4472-634: The 1960s, the status of Jamaican Patois rose as a number of respected linguistic studies were published, by Frederic Cassidy (1961, 1967), Bailey (1966) and others. Subsequently, it has gradually become mainstream to codemix or write complete pieces in Jamaican Patois; proponents include Kamau Brathwaite , who also analyses the position of Creole poetry in his History of the Voice: The Development of Nation Language in Anglophone Caribbean Poetry (1984). However, Standard English remains

4576-743: The Father of the Forest (2015), British-Trinidadian author Wayne Gerard Trotman presents dialogue in Trinidadian Creole , Jamaican Patois, and French while employing Standard English for narrative prose. Jamaican Patois is also presented in some films and other media, such as for example the character Tia Dalma 's speech from Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest , and a few scenes in Meet Joe Black in which Brad Pitt 's character converses with

4680-399: The Fourth of July (1989). For his portrayal of Ron Kovic in the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . As a leading Hollywood star in the 1990s, he starred in commercially successful films, including the drama A Few Good Men (1992), the thriller The Firm (1993), the horror film Interview with the Vampire (1994), and

4784-826: The Jamaica Language Unit of the University of the West Indies, and while most Jamaicans use the informal "Miss Lou" writing system, the Cassidy Writing system is an effort at standardizing Patois in its written form. Tom Cruise Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962) is an American actor and producer. Regarded as a Hollywood icon , he has received various accolades , including an Honorary Palme d'Or and three Golden Globe Awards , in addition to nominations for four Academy Awards . His films have grossed over $ 12 billion worldwide, placing him among

4888-695: The Right Moves and Risky Business , which has been described as "A Generation X classic, and a career maker for Tom Cruise." He also played the male lead in the Ridley Scott film Legend , released in 1985. By 1986's Top Gun , his status as a superstar had been cemented. Cruise followed up Top Gun with Martin Scorsese 's The Color of Money (1986), which came out the same year, and which paired him with Paul Newman . Their chemistry won praise among critics with The Washington Post writing, "One of

4992-591: The Scientology Freedom Medal of Valor and awarded it to Cruise for this work. Former Scientologist Paul Haggis has claimed that Cruise attempted to convert several celebrities to Scientology, including James Packer , Victoria and David Beckham , Jada Pinkett , Will Smith , and Steven Spielberg . Since 2008, Cruise has restricted interviewers from asking him about Scientology. As well as promoting various programs to introduce people to Scientology, Cruise campaigned for Scientology to be recognized as

5096-580: The Western dialect. There are between nine and sixteen vowels . Some vowels are capable of nasalization and others can be lengthened. Examples of palatalization include: Voiced stops are implosive whenever in the onset of prominent syllables (especially word-initially) so that /biit/ ('beat') is pronounced [ɓiːt] and /ɡuud/ ('good') as [ɠuːd] . Before a syllabic /l/ , the contrast between alveolar and velar consonants has been historically neutralized with alveolar consonants becoming velar so that

5200-602: The accents were described as "awful" by Jamaican Americans. In December 2011, it was reported that the Bible was being translated into Jamaican Patois. The Gospel of Luke has already appeared as Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im . While the Rev. Courtney Stewart, managing the translation as General Secretary of the West Indies Bible Society, believes this will help elevate the status of Jamaican Patois, others think that such

5304-431: The arena it takes place in, the arcana or knowledge he must learn, the trail or journey, the proto enemy, and the eventual enemy of the character. Some of Cruise's later films like A Few Good Men and The Last Samurai can also be considered to be part of this formula. Widescreenings compares two of these Cruise characters in an article on the film A Few Good Men : [screenwriter] Aaron Sorkin interestingly takes

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5408-658: The arrival of movie star Errol Flynn in 1946 when his yacht, the Zaca washed ashore in bad weather. He subsequently bought nearby Navy Island , part of historic Fort George in Port Antonio as well as hundreds of acres of farmland along the Portland coast. Port Antonio features a trade-wind tropical rainforest climate under the Köppen climate classification . Like many areas with this climate type, average temperatures vary little throughout

5512-448: The box office. In 2007, Cruise took a rare supporting role for the second time in Lions for Lambs , which was a commercial disappointment. This was followed by an unrecognizable appearance as "Les Grossman" in the 2008 comedy Tropic Thunder with Ben Stiller , Jack Black , and Robert Downey Jr. This performance earned Cruise a Golden Globe nomination. Cruise played the central role in

5616-528: The couple's daughter Suri from Scientology and that Suri is no longer a practicing member of the organization. In 1998, Cruise successfully sued the Daily Express , a British tabloid which alleged that his marriage to Kidman was a sham designed to cover up his homosexuality. In May 2001, Cruise filed a lawsuit against gay porn actor Chad Slater. Slater had told the celebrity magazine Actustar that he had been involved in an affair with Cruise. This claim

5720-439: The couple's spokesperson announced their separation. Cruise filed for divorce two days later, and their marriage was dissolved later that year, with Cruise citing irreconcilable differences. In a 2007 interview with Marie Claire , Kidman noted the incorrect reporting of a miscarriage early in her marriage: "It was wrongly reported as miscarriage by everyone who picked up the story. So it's huge news, and it didn't happen. I had

5824-430: The course of the year, with average monthly temperatures roughly at 24 °C (75 °F) throughout the year. The town has a noticeably drier period from February through April, however it has no true dry season month as all 12 months on average easily exceeds 60 millimetres (2.4 in) of precipitation. Port Antonio averages a copious 3,000 millimetres (120 in) of rainfall annually. A popular sight in this area

5928-509: The early-to-mid-1980s, Cruise had relationships with Melissa Gilbert , Rebecca De Mornay , Patti Scialfa , and Cher . Cruise married actress Mimi Rogers on May 9, 1987. They divorced on February 4, 1990. Rogers had grown up in Scientology and was one of its ' auditors '; they met when Cruise became one of her clients. In a 1993 Playboy interview, Rogers discussed her split from Cruise and said that he had been considering becoming

6032-582: The fictional character Stacee Jaxx . The film was released in June 2012 and was a rare box-office misstep for Cruise. Cruise however received positive reviews for his performance with Variety 's film critic Justin Chang writing, "Channeling the likes of Axl Rose and Keith Richards with his tattoos, heavy furs and even heavier eyeshadow, Cruise clearly relishes the opportunity to play against type even as he sends up his world's-biggest-movie-star identity, displaying

6136-546: The fictitious island of St Nicholas. Local sites such as the town's courthouse, the tax office (which in the film served as the police station), Blue Lagoon, Frenchman's Cove, Winifred Beach , were used as the backdrop to the story. The 1988 romantic comedy drama film Cocktail starring Tom Cruise was partially shot in Port Antonio, also with scenes of Frenchman's Cove and Blue Lagoon. The 1988 drama film Clara's Heart starring Whoopi Goldberg has scenes filmed in Port Antonio. The 1989 thriller film The Mighty Quinn

6240-466: The film, as Julian Sands was her first choice. Upon seeing the film, however, she paid $ 7,740 (equivalent to $ 15,911 in 2023) for a two-page ad in Daily Variety praising his performance and apologizing for her previous doubts about him. In 1996, Cruise starred as superspy Ethan Hunt in the reboot of Mission: Impossible , which he also produced. The film was directed by Brian De Palma and

6344-409: The film, when combining ticket sales, his salary, and his cut of home entertainment rentals and streaming revenues. Cruise reprised his role as Ethan Hunt in Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One which was released in theaters on July 12, 2023. The film received critical acclaim, but was a box office disappointment due to the box-office and cultural phenomenon dubbed Barbenheimer , which

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6448-426: The film. His next five films were major critical and commercial successes. The following year, Cruise starred in the romantic thriller Vanilla Sky (2001) with Cameron Diaz and Penélope Cruz . In 2002, Cruise starred in the dystopian science fiction action film Minority Report , which was directed by Steven Spielberg and based on the short story by Philip K. Dick . It has since been included in lists of

6552-557: The first being Mission: Impossible in 1996 which was also Cruise's first project as a producer. In addition, Cruise has produced films in which he does not appear in, namely The Others , Shattered Glass , Elizabethtown , Narc , Ask the Dust , and Without Limits . Cruise is noted as having negotiated some of the most lucrative film deals in Hollywood and was described in 2005 by Hollywood economist Edward Jay Epstein as "one of

6656-445: The greatest science fiction films of all time. In 2003, he starred in Edward Zwick 's period action drama The Last Samurai , for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for best actor. In 2004, Cruise received critical acclaim for his performance as Vincent in Collateral . The critical consensus states that "Driven by director Michael Mann 's trademark visuals and a lean, villainous performance from Tom Cruise, Collateral

6760-440: The historical thriller Valkyrie released on December 25, 2008, to box office success. In March 2010, Cruise completed filming the action-comedy Knight and Day , in which he re-teamed with former costar Cameron Diaz; the film was released on June 23, 2010. On February 9, 2010, Cruise confirmed that he would star in Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol , the fourth installment in the Mission: Impossible series. The film

6864-465: The language, with the aim of supporting non-English-speaking Jamaicans according to their constitutional guarantees of equal rights, as services of the state are normally provided in English, which a significant portion of the population cannot speak fluently. The vast majority of such persons are speakers of Jamaican Patois. It was argued that failure to provide services of the state in a language in such general use or discriminatory treatment by officers of

6968-427: The magazine's 2006 Power List, being the highest ranked actor. The same year, Forbes magazine ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity. The founder of CinemaScore in 2016 cited Cruise and Leonardo DiCaprio as the "two stars, it doesn't matter how bad the film is, they can pull [the box office] up." October 10, 2006, was declared "Tom Cruise Day" in Japan; the Japan Memorial Day Association said that he

7072-612: The more prestigious literary medium in Jamaican literature . Canadian-Caribbean science-fiction novelist Nalo Hopkinson often writes in Trinidadian and sometimes Jamaican Patois. Jean D'Costa penned a series of popular children's novels, including Sprat Morrison (1972; 1990), Escape to Last Man Peak (1976), and Voice in the Wind (1978), which draw liberally from Jamaican Patois for dialogue, while presenting narrative prose in Standard English. Marlon James employs Patois in his novels including A Brief History of Seven Killings (2014). In his science fiction novel Kaya Abaniah and

7176-405: The most consecutive $ 100-million-grossing movies, a feat that was achieved during the period of 2012 to 2018. Forbes ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity in 2006. He was named People's Sexiest Man Alive in 1990, and received the top honor of "Most Beautiful People" in 1997. Outside his film career, Cruise has been an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology . Cruise

7280-486: The most powerful – and richest – forces in Hollywood." Epstein argues that Cruise is one of the few producers (the others being George Lucas , Steven Spielberg and Jerry Bruckheimer ) who are regarded as able to guarantee the success of a billion-dollar film franchise. Epstein also contends that the public obsession with Cruise's tabloid controversies obscures full appreciation of Cruise's exceptional commercial prowess. On August 22, 2006, Paramount Pictures announced it

7384-455: The north-eastern part of the island. Port Antonio was the terminus of the now abandoned railway from Kingston via Spanish Town and Bog Walk , which was primarily built to serve the banana export trade. The 1963 drama film Lord of the Flies and the 1990 remake of the same name were both filmed at Frenchman's Cove . The 1986 comedy film Club Paradise starring Robin Williams was filmed on location mostly in and around Port Antonio as

7488-414: The opposite approach of Top Gun , where Cruise also starred as the protagonist. In Top Gun , Cruise plays Mitchell who is a 'hot shot' military underachiever who makes mistakes because he is trying to outperform his late father. Where Maverick Mitchell needs to rein in the discipline, Daniel Kaffee needs to let it go, finally see what he can do. Cruise is an aerobatic pilot and was inducted as part of

7592-617: The peninsula separating the twin East and West harbors known as the Titchfield promontory. The fort was intended to protect settlers from attacks by the Spanish from the sea, and from the Jamaican Maroons who lived in the mountains. In the 1880s, Lorenzo Dow Baker started the banana trade in Jamaica and successfully promoted Port Antonio as a destination for wealthy American travelers. "Portie" became

7696-476: The previous films in the series and grossed over $ 791 million at the box office. Unadjusted for ticket price inflation, it was Cruise's biggest commercial success to date. In May 2020, it was reported that Cruise would be starring in and producing a movie shot in outer space . Doug Liman would be directing, writing, and co-producing. Both will fly to the International Space Station as part of

7800-498: The real reason for the split was most likely Paramount's discontent over Cruise/Wagner's exceptionally large share of DVD sales from the Mission: Impossible franchise. In November 2006, Cruise and Paula Wagner announced that they had taken over the film studio United Artists . Cruise acts as a producer and star in films for United Artists, while Wagner serves as UA's chief executive. Production began in 2007 of Valkyrie ,

7904-490: The rich colorful patois, despite being shunned by traditional literary groups. "The Jamaican Poetry League excluded her from its meetings, and editors failed to include her in anthologies." Nonetheless, she argued forcefully for the recognition of Jamaican as a full language, with the same pedigree as the dialect from which Standard English had sprung: Dah language weh yuh proud a, Weh yuh honour an respec – Po Mas Charlie, yuh no know se Dat it spring from dialec! After

8008-439: The romance Jerry Maguire (1996). For the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor . Cruise's performance in the drama Magnolia (1999) earned him another Golden Globe Award and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Cruise subsequently established himself as a star of science fiction and action films , often performing his own risky stunts. He has played fictional agent Ethan Hunt in

8112-631: The same name. The film met with mixed reviews and grossed $ 286 million worldwide. It also starred Morgan Freeman and Olga Kurylenko . In 2014, Cruise starred in the science fiction-action film Edge of Tomorrow , which received positive reviews and grossed over $ 370 million. In 2015, Cruise returned as Ethan Hunt in the fifth installment of the Mission: Impossible series, Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation , which he also produced. Returning cast members included Simon Pegg as Benji and Jeremy Renner as William Brandt, with Christopher McQuarrie as director. The film earned high critical acclaim and

8216-437: The second installment of the Mission: Impossible films, Mission: Impossible 2 . The film was helmed by Hong Kong director John Woo and branded with his gun fu style; it continued the series' success at the box office, taking in $ 547 million worldwide. Unlike its predecessor, it was the highest-grossing film of the year, but had a mixed critical reception. Cruise received an MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance for

8320-417: The second part, Mission: Impossible – The Final Reckoning , due for release on May 23, 2025. In February 2024, it was announced that Cruise would star in a new film directed by Alejandro G. Iñárritu . This is set to be his first film at Warner Bros. Pictures in ten years and will also star Sandra Hüller , John Goodman , Michael Stuhlbarg , Jesse Plemons and Sophie Wilde . In 2024, he appeared in

8424-502: The sense of "he told me that..." = /im tel mi se/ ), taken from Ashanti Twi , and duppy meaning ghost , taken from the Twi word dupon ('cotton tree root'), because of the African belief of malicious spirits originating in the roots of trees (in Jamaica and Ghana, particularly the cotton tree known in both places as "Odom"). The pronoun /unu/ , used for the plural form of you , is taken from

8528-962: The state based on the inability of a citizen to use English violates the rights of citizens. The proposal was made that freedom from discrimination on the ground of language be inserted into the Charter of Rights. They standardized the Jamaican alphabet as follows: Nasal vowels are written with -hn , as in kyaahn (can't) and iihn (isn't it?) h is written according to local pronunciation, so that hen (hen) and en (end) are distinguished in writing for speakers of western Jamaican, but not for those of central Jamaican. Jamaican Patois contains many loanwords , most of which are African in origin, primarily from Twi (a dialect of Akan ). Many loanwords come from English, but some are also borrowed from Spanish , Portuguese , Hindi , Arawak and African languages , as well as Scottish and Irish dialects. Examples from African languages include /se/ meaning that (in

8632-484: The story. In April 2005, Cruise began dating actress Katie Holmes . On April 27 that year, Cruise and Holmes—dubbed TomKat by the media—made their first public appearance together in Rome . A month later, Cruise publicly declared his love for Holmes on The Oprah Winfrey Show ; he jumped on Winfrey's yellow couch and stood there to make the announcement. On October 6, 2005, Cruise and Holmes announced they were expecting

8736-607: The studio. Cruise began working with Paramount again as a producer and star with Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol , without Wagner, which was a critical and commercial success. He and Wagner would collaborate for the final time on the modestly successful Jack Reacher series, also for Paramount. In January 2024, it was announced that his production company was forming a new strategic partnership with Warner Bros. Discovery to develop and produce original and franchise films. In 2006, Premiere ranked Cruise as Hollywood's most powerful actor, as Cruise came in at number 13 on

8840-629: The subtle achievements of both Cruise's and Newman's performances is that you feel that both of them are genuinely top-notch pool hustlers". In 1988, Cruise starred in Cocktail , a film that was a box office success but failed with critics. His performance earned him a nomination for the Razzie Award for Worst Actor . Later that year he starred with Dustin Hoffman in Barry Levinson 's Rain Man , which won

8944-409: The verb "to be" – ser and estar – in which ser is equative and estar is locative. Other languages, such as Portuguese and Italian, make a similar distinction (see also: Romance Copula ) . Patois has long been written with various respellings compared to English so that, for example, the word "there" might be written ⟨de⟩ , ⟨deh⟩ , or ⟨dere⟩ , and

9048-531: The word "three" as ⟨tree⟩ , ⟨tri⟩ , or ⟨trii⟩ . Standard English spelling is often used and a nonstandard spelling sometimes becomes widespread even though it is neither phonetic nor standard (e.g. ⟨pickney⟩ for /pikni/ , 'child'). In 2002, the Jamaican Language Unit was set up at the University of the West Indies at Mona to begin standardizing

9152-525: The word for 'bottle' is /bakl̩/ and the word for 'idle' is /aiɡl̩/ . Jamaican Patois exhibits two types of vowel harmony ; peripheral vowel harmony, wherein only sequences of peripheral vowels (that is, /i/ , /u/ , and /a/ ) can occur within a syllable; and back harmony, wherein /i/ and /u/ cannot occur within a syllable together (that is, /uu/ and /ii/ are allowed but * /ui/ and * /iu/ are not). These two phenomena account for three long vowels and four diphthongs : Jamaican Patois features

9256-965: Was a box office success. Film critic Stephen Holden of The New York Times praised Cruise's performance, declaring "Tom Cruise has found the perfect superhero character on which to graft his breathlessly gung-ho screen personality." In the same year, Cruise took on the title role in Cameron Crowe 's sports drama Jerry Maguire playing a sports agent in search of love. The film was a massive financial success grossing more than $ 273 million worldwide against its $ 50 million budget. In 1999, Cruise costarred with Kidman in Stanley Kubrick 's erotic and psychological drama film Eyes Wide Shut . Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian praised both Cruise and Kidman on their performances writing, "Cruise in particular lays himself open in that fiercely committed way that he tries everything as an actor". That same year he took

9360-421: Was a commercial success. Cruise starred in the 2017 reboot of Boris Karloff 's 1932 horror movie The Mummy . The new film, also titled The Mummy , received negative reviews and disappointed at the box office, though still grossed over $ 400m. In 2018, Cruise again reprised Ethan Hunt, in the sixth film in his franchise, Mission: Impossible – Fallout . The film was more positively received by critics than

9464-453: Was arranged by the Church of Scientology. David Miscavige , the head of Scientology, served as Cruise's best man. On June 29, 2012, Holmes filed for divorce from Cruise. On July 9, the couple signed a divorce settlement worked out by their lawyers. New York law requires all divorce documents remain sealed, so the exact terms of the settlement are not publicly available. Cruise stated that ex-wife Katie Holmes divorced him in part to protect

9568-532: Was awarded with a special day because of "his love for and close association with Japan." While reviewing Days of Thunder , film critic Roger Ebert noted the similarities between several of Cruise's 1980s films and nicknamed the formula the "Tom Cruise Picture". Ebert listed nine key ingredients that make up the Tom Cruise Picture: the Cruise character, the mentor, the superior woman, the craft he must hone,

9672-539: Was born on July 3, 1962, in Syracuse, New York , to electrical engineer Thomas Cruise Mapother III (1934–1984) and special education teacher Mary Lee (née Pfeiffer; 1936–2017). His parents were both from Louisville, Kentucky , and had English, German, and Irish ancestry. Cruise has three sisters named Lee Anne, Marian, and Cass. One of his cousins, William Mapother , is also an actor who has appeared alongside Cruise in five films. Cruise grew up in near poverty and had

9776-523: Was ending its 14-year relationship with Cruise. In The Wall Street Journal , chairman of Viacom (Paramount's parent company) Sumner Redstone cited the economic damage to Cruise's value as an actor and producer from his controversial public behavior and views. Cruise/Wagner Productions responded that Paramount's announcement was a face-saving move after the production company had successfully sought alternative financing from private equity firms. Industry analysts such as Edward Jay Epstein commented that

9880-608: Was filmed at various locations throughout Jamaica , with the principal outdoor scenes shot in Port Antonio. The official music video for the 1995 hit single " Fu-Gee-La " by the hip-hop trio Fugees was filmed in and around Port Antonio. Notable scenes include Folly Ruins (also the backdrop for a scene in The Mighty Quinn ) and the town's Cenotaph Square. The 2010 action comedy film Knight and Day starring Tom Cruise has scenes filmed at Frenchman's Cove. The 2021 spy film No Time to Die starring Daniel Craig as James Bond,

9984-458: Was gay. The suit was dropped in exchange for a public statement by Davis that the video was not of Cruise, and that Cruise was heterosexual. In 2006, Cruise sued cybersquatter Jeff Burgar to obtain control of the TomCruise.com domain name. When owned by Burgar, the domain redirected to information about Cruise on Celebrity1000.com. The decision to turn TomCruise.com over to Cruise was handed down by

10088-651: Was in the audience and later said that "the movement and improvisation were excellent ... a classic ensemble piece." In sixth grade, Cruise went to Henry Munro Middle School in Ottawa. That year, his mother left his father, taking Cruise and his sisters back to the United States. In 1978, she married Jack South. Cruise briefly took a Catholic church scholarship and attended the St. Francis Seminary in Cincinnati ; he aspired to become

10192-509: Was nominated for seven Saturn Awards between 2002 and 2009, winning once. Nine of the ten films he starred in during the decade made over $ 100 million at the box office. In 2006, he returned to his role as Ethan Hunt in the third installment of the Mission Impossible film series, Mission: Impossible III . The film was more positively received by critics than the previous films in the series and grossed nearly $ 400 million at

10296-543: Was partially filmed in and around Port Antonio. In 2024, Artist J. Cole has made a song called Port Antonio, where he talks about his decision of withdrawal in the Drake–Kendrick Lamar feud . 18°10′33″N 76°27′01″W  /  18.175701°N 76.450253°W  / 18.175701; -76.450253 Jamaican Patois language Patois developed in the 17th century when enslaved people from West and Central Africa were exposed to, learned, and nativized

10400-502: Was released in December 2011 to high critical acclaim and box office success. Unadjusted for ticket price inflation, it was Cruise's biggest commercial success to that date. On May 6, 2011, Cruise was awarded a humanitarian award from the Simon Wiesenthal Center and its Museum of Tolerance for his work as a dedicated philanthropist. In mid-2011, Cruise started shooting the movie Rock of Ages (2012), in which he played

10504-541: Was settled the following year. Cruise was converted to Scientology by his first wife, Mimi Rogers , in 1986 and became an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology in the 2000s. His involvement in the organization was leaked by the tabloid Star in 1990, and he publicly announced he followed Scientology in a 1992 interview with Barbara Walters . Cruise has said that Scientology, and Study Technology in particular, helped him overcome his dyslexia . Cruise has been

10608-554: Was strongly denied by Cruise, and Slater was ordered to pay $ 10 million to Cruise in damages after Slater declared he could not afford to defend himself against the suit and would therefore default. Cruise requested a default judgment, and in January 2003, a Los Angeles judge decided against Slater after he admitted that his claims were false. Cruise also sued Bold Magazine publisher Michael Davis for $ 100 million, because Davis had alleged that he had video that would prove Cruise

10712-406: Was the same-day release of Christopher Nolan 's historical epic film Oppenheimer and Greta Gerwig 's fantasy comedy Barbie . Peter Debruge of Variety praised Dead Reckoning for its performances, action sequences and a satisfying ending, writing, "This outing may be one-half of a two-part finale, but it gives audiences enough closure to stand on its own". Cruise will reprise the role in

10816-653: Was ultimately borrowed from the Portuguese pequenino (the diminutive of pequeno , small) or Spanish pequeño ('small'). There are many words referring to popular produce, food items, and Jamaican cuisine — ackee , callaloo , guinep , bammy , roti , dal , kamranga . Jamaican Patois has its own rich variety of swearwords . One of the strongest is bloodclaat (along with related forms raasclaat , bomboclaat , pussyclaat and others)—compare with bloody in Australian English and British English , which

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