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38-562: Poppies can refer to: Poppy , a flowering plant The Poppies (disambiguation) - multiple uses Poppies (film) - Children's BBC remembrance animation "Poppies", a song by Patti Smith Group from their 1976 album Radio Ethiopia "Poppies", the first track on the debut album by Marcy Playground . Remembrance poppy , commemorates soldiers who have died in war; mainly used in current and former Commonwealth states. See also [ edit ] Poppy (disambiguation) Poppy &

76-538: A pollen source . The pollen of the oriental poppy, Papaver orientale , is dark blue, that of the field or corn poppy ( Papaver rhoeas ) is grey to dark green. The opium poppy, Papaver somniferum , grows wild in Southeast Europe and Southeast Asia . It is believed that it originated in the Mediterranean region. Poppies belong to the subfamily Papaveroideae of the family Papaveraceae , which includes

114-424: A "second skin" effect. Synthetic latices are used in coatings (e.g., latex paint) and glues because they solidify by coalescence of the polymer particles as the water evaporates. These synthetic latices therefore can form films without releasing potentially toxic organic solvents in the environment. Other uses include cement additives and to conceal information on scratchcards . Latex, usually styrene -based,

152-439: A better protection to the plant from enemies than all the thorns, prickles, or hairs that could be provided. In this plant, so copious and so distasteful has the sap become that it serves a most important purpose in its economy. Evidence showing this defense function include the finding that slugs will eat leaves drained of their latex but not intact ones, that many insects sever the veins carrying latex before they feed, and that

190-406: A branching system extending throughout the plant. In many euphorbs , the entire structure is made from a single cell – this type of system is known as a non-articulated laticifer , to distinguish it from the multi-cellular structures discussed above. In the mature plant, the entire laticiferous system is descended from a single cell or group of cells present in the embryo . The laticiferous system

228-414: A conspicuous whorl in the center of the flower and an ovary of from 2 to many fused carpels. The petals are showy, may be of almost any colour and some have markings. The petals are crumpled in the bud and as blooming finishes, the petals often lie flat before falling away. In the temperate zones, poppies bloom from spring into early summer. Most species secrete latex when injured. Bees use poppies as

266-405: A latex allergy. Latex-fruit syndrome Many people with latex allergy also experience allergic reactions to certain fruits. This association has led to research regarding latex-fruit syndrome (LFS). This is a phenomenon characterized by cross-reactivity between natural latex rubber allergens and certain fruit allergens, leading to allergic reactions in sensitized individuals. It was described for

304-617: A liquid. Synthetic latex : Latex obtained as a product of an emulsion , mini-emulsion, micro-emulsion, or dispersion polymerization . The cells ( laticifers ) in which latex is found make up the laticiferous system, which can form in two very different ways. In many plants, the laticiferous system is formed from rows of cells laid down in the meristem of the stem or root . The cell walls between these cells are dissolved so that continuous tubes, called latex vessels, are formed. Since these vessels are made of many cells, they are known as articulated laticifers . This method of formation

342-527: A lower-allergen substitute. Additionally, chemical processes may be employed to reduce the amount of antigenic protein in Hevea latex, yielding alternative materials such as Vytex Natural Rubber Latex which provide significantly reduced exposure to latex allergens. About half of people with spina bifida are also allergic to natural latex rubber. People who have had multiple surgeries and who have had prolonged exposure to natural latex are also more susceptible to

380-420: A red poppy on the reverse in 2004, 2008, 2010, and 2015. The 2004 Canadian "poppy" quarter was the world's first coloured circulation coin. Poppies have long been used as a symbol of sleep, peace, and death : Sleep because the opium extracted from them is a sedative , and death because of the common blood-red colour of the red poppy in particular. In Greek and Roman myths, poppies were used as offerings to

418-588: A term for the fluid substance in plants, deriving from the Latin word for "liquid". It serves mainly as defense against herbivorous insects . Latex is not to be confused with plant sap ; it is a distinct substance, separately produced, and with different functions. The word latex is also used to refer to natural latex rubber , particularly non- vulcanized rubber. Such is the case in products like latex gloves , latex condoms , latex clothing , and balloons . Latex : Colloidal dispersion of polymer particles in

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456-489: Is actively moved to the area of injury; in the case of Cryptostegia grandiflora , latex more than 70 cm from the site of injury is mobilized. The large hydrostatic pressure in this vine enables an extremely high flow rate of latex. In a 1935 report the botanist Catherine M. Bangham observed that "piercing the fruit stalk of Cryptostegia grandiflora produced a jet of latex over a meter long, and maintained [this jet] for several seconds." The clotting property of latex

494-465: Is also used in immunoassays . Some people only experience a mild allergy when exposed to latex, with symptoms such as eczema , contact dermatitis , or developing a rash . Others have a serious latex allergy , and exposure to latex products such as latex gloves can cause anaphylactic shock . Guayule latex has only 2% of the levels of protein found in Hevea latices, and it is being researched as

532-600: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Poppy A poppy is a flowering plant in the subfamily Papaveroideae of the family Papaveraceae . Poppies are herbaceous plants , often grown for their colourful flowers. One species of poppy, Papaver somniferum , is the source of the narcotic drug mixture opium , which contains powerful medicinal alkaloids such as morphine and has been used since ancient times as an analgesic and narcotic medicinal and recreational drug . It also produces edible seeds . Following

570-430: Is found as a milky fluid , which is present in 10% of all flowering plants (angiosperms). It is a complex emulsion that coagulates on exposure to air, consisting of proteins , alkaloids , starches , sugars , oils , tannins , resins , and gums . It is usually exuded after tissue injury. In most plants, latex is white, but some have yellow, orange, or scarlet latex. Since the 17th century, latex has been used as

608-470: Is found in the poppy family and in the rubber trees ( Para rubber tree , members of the family Euphorbiaceae , members of the mulberry and fig family , such as the Panama rubber tree Castilla elastica ), and members of the family Asteraceae . For instance, Parthenium argentatum the guayule plant, is in the tribe Heliantheae ; other latex-bearing Asteraceae with articulated laticifers include members of

646-455: Is functional in this defense since it limits wastage and its stickiness traps insects and their mouthparts. While there exist other explanations for the existence of latex including storage and movement of plant nutrients, waste, and maintenance of water balance that "[e]ssentially none of these functions remain credible and none have any empirical support". The latex of many species can be processed to produce many materials. Natural rubber

684-467: Is no longer present. Poppy cultivation is strictly regulated worldwide, with the exception of India where opium gum, which also contains the analgesic thebaine , is legally produced. Papaver somniferum was domesticated by the indigenous people of Western and Central Europe between 6000 and 3500 BC. However, it is believed that its origins may come from the Sumerian people , where the first use of opium

722-411: Is often used as cooking oil, salad dressing oil, or in products such as margarine. Poppy oil can also be added to spices for cakes or breads. Poppy products are also used in different paints, varnishes, and some cosmetics. A few species have other uses, principally as sources of drugs and foods. The opium poppy is widely cultivated and its worldwide production is monitored by international agencies. It

760-589: Is present in all parts of the mature plant, including roots, stems, leaves , and sometimes the fruits . It is particularly noticeable in the cortical tissues. Latex is usually exuded as a white liquid, but is some cases it can be clear, yellow or red, as in Cannabaceae . Latex is produced by 20,000 flowering plant species from over 40 families . These include both dicots and monocots . Latex has been found in 14 percent of tropical plant species, as well as six percent of temperate plant species. Several members of

798-496: Is the most important product obtained from latex; more than 12,000 plant species yield latex containing rubber, though in the vast majority of those species the rubber is not suitable for commercial use. This latex is used to make many other products including mattresses , gloves , swim caps , condoms , catheters and balloons . Dried latex from the opium poppy is called opium , the source of several useful analgesic alkaloids such as codeine , thebaine , and morphine ,

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836-537: Is unofficially considered the national flower of the Albanians in Albania , Kosovo and elsewhere. This is due to its red and black colours, the same as the colours of the flag of Albania. Red poppies are also the national flower of Poland . The California poppy, Eschscholzia californica , is the state flower of California. The powerful symbolism of Papaver rhoeas has been borrowed by various advocacy campaigns, such as

874-407: Is used for production of dried latex and opium , the principal precursor of narcotic and analgesic opiates such as morphine , heroin , and codeine . Poppy seeds contain small quantities of both morphine and codeine , which are pain-relieving drugs. Poppy seeds and fixed oils can also be nonnarcotic because when they are harvested about twenty days after the flower has opened, the morphine

912-477: The Cichorieae , a clade whose members produce latex, some of them in commercially interesting amounts. This includes Taraxacum kok-saghyz , a species cultivated for latex production. In the milkweed and spurge families, on the other hand, the laticiferous system is formed quite differently. Early in the development of the seedling, latex cells differentiate, and as the plant grows these latex cells grow into

950-749: The White Poppy and Simon Topping 's black poppy. The poppy of wartime remembrance is Papaver rhoeas , the red-flowered corn poppy. This poppy is a common plant of disturbed ground in Europe and is found in many locations, including Flanders , which is the setting of the famous poem " In Flanders Fields " by the Canadian surgeon and soldier John McCrae . In Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand, artificial poppies (plastic in Canada, paper in

988-625: The trench warfare in the poppy fields of Flanders , Belgium, during World War I , poppies have become a symbol of remembrance of soldiers who have died during wartime, especially in the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other Commonwealth realms . Poppies are herbaceous annual , biennial or short-lived perennial plants. Some species are monocarpic , dying after flowering. Poppies can be over 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall with flowers up to 15 centimetres (5.9 in) across. Flowers of species (not cultivars) have 4 or 6 petals, many stamens forming

1026-638: The Jezebels , a pop band in the UK Poppy Factory (band) , a band from Bradford, England Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Poppies . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poppies&oldid=1151347037 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1064-452: The UK, Australia, South Africa, Malta and New Zealand) are worn to commemorate those who died in war. This form of commemoration is associated with Remembrance Day, which falls on November 11. In Canada, Australia and the UK, poppies are often worn from the beginning of November through to the 11th, or Remembrance Sunday if that falls on a later date. In New Zealand and Australia, soldiers are also commemorated on ANZAC day (April 25), although

1102-477: The dead. Poppies used as emblems on tombstones symbolize eternal sleep. This symbolism was evoked in L. Frank Baum 's 1900 children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz , in which a magical poppy field threatened to make the protagonists sleep forever. A second interpretation of poppies in Classical mythology is that the bright scarlet colour signifies a promise of resurrection after death. Red-flowered poppy

1140-707: The first time by Blanco et al. in 1994. In a 2024 comprehensive review by Gromek et al., the last 30 years of research on LFS were summarized, focusing on its prevalence, common cross-reactions, and clinical manifestations. The review found that the prevalence of LFS in latex-allergic patients varies widely, ranging from 4% to 88%, depending on diagnostic methods, geographical regions, and study populations. The most commonly implicated fruits in LFS include banana, avocado, kiwifruit, and papaya. Clinical manifestations are predominantly systemic, with 73% of hypersensitivity symptoms being systemic and 27% localized. Gromek et al. also highlighted

1178-596: The following genera: The flowers of most poppy species are attractive and are widely cultivated as annual or perennial ornamental plants . This has resulted in a number of commercially important cultivars, such as the Shirley poppy, a cultivar of Papaver rhoeas and semi-double or double (flore plena) forms of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum and oriental poppy ( Papaver orientale ). Poppies of several other genera are also cultivated in gardens. Poppy seeds are rich in oil, carbohydrates , calcium and protein . Poppy oil

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1216-447: The fungal kingdom also produce latex upon injury, such as Lactarius deliciosus and other milk-caps . This suggests it is the product of convergent evolution and has been selected for on many separate occasions. Latex functions to protect the plant from herbivores. The idea was first proposed in 1887 by Joseph F. James, who noted that latex of milkweed carries with it at the same time such disagreeable properties that it becomes

1254-411: The latex of Asclepias humistrata (sandhill milkweed ) kills by trapping 30% of newly hatched monarch butterfly caterpillars. Other evidence is that latex contains 50–1000× higher concentrations of defense substances than other plant tissues. These toxins include ones that are also toxic to the plant and consist of a diverse range of chemicals that are either poisonous or " antinutritive. " Latex

1292-441: The latter two of which can then further be used in the synthesis and manufacture of other (typically stronger) opioids for medicinal use, and of heroin for the illegal drug trade . The opium poppy is also the source of medically useful non-analgesic alkaloids, such as papaverine and noscapine . Latex is used in many types of clothing . Worn on the body (or applied directly by painting), it tends to be skin-tight , producing

1330-418: The need for standardized diagnostic criteria and severity grading systems to improve the accuracy of LFS diagnosis and treatment. Several species of the microbe genera Actinomycetes , Streptomyces , Nocardia , Micromonospora , and Actinoplanes are capable of consuming rubber latex. However, the rate of biodegradation is slow, and the growth of bacteria utilizing rubber as a sole carbon source

1368-665: The poppy is still commonly worn around Remembrance Day. Wearing of poppies has been a custom since 1924 in the United States. Moina Michael of Georgia is credited as the founder of the Memorial Poppy in the United States. Artificial poppies (called "Buddy Poppies") are used in the veterans' aid campaign by the Veterans of Foreign Wars , which provides money to the veterans who assemble the poppies and various aid programs to veterans and their families. Latex In nature, latex

1406-575: The production of opium. In the 1970s the American war on drugs targeted Turkish production of the plant, leading to a more negative popular opinion of the U.S. The girl's given name "Poppy" is taken from the name of the flower. A poppy flower is depicted on the reverse of the Macedonian 500- denar banknote, issued in 1996 and 2003. The poppy is also part of the coat of arms of North Macedonia . Canada has issued special quarters (25-cent coins) with

1444-465: Was recognized. Poppies and opium made their way around the world along the silk road . Juglets resembling poppy seed pods have been discovered with trace amounts of opium and the flower appeared in jewelry and on art pieces in Ancient Egypt, dated 1550–1292 BC. The eradication of poppy cultivation came about in the early 1900s through international conferences due to safety concerns associated with

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