Misplaced Pages

#304695

23-486: It is one of the two major varieties of Malayic languages spoken in West Kalimantan, the other being Sambas Malay. Pontianak Malay is a close relative of Sambas as well as Sarawak Malay in neighbouring Sarawak , Malaysia . Elements from Johor-Riau Malay, Chinese , Banjarese , Indonesian , various Dayak languages as well as many localism can be seen in the language, reflecting the various ethnic origins residing in

46-549: A final glottal stop after a vowel or in place of final /r/: kena > kenak , air > aik , beri > berik. like in the Aboriginal Malay languages of West Malaysia. Many words in Sarawak Malay have diverged from their original pronunciations and some are totally different. Some examples include: Contemporary usage of Sarawak Malay includes contemporary Malay words or incorporated from other languages, spoken by

69-464: A result of historical immigration, civil war such as Klang War and other inevitable factors. Whilst there are many Malay dialects significantly found in Perak, all Malay dialectologists basically agreed that Perak Malay is spoken by the native Malay people who traditionally have long been subsisting along the riverine system of Perak which comprises Perak River valley and its vicinity except those at

92-549: A rich vocabulary of which many words, while also found in Standard Malay, have completely different meanings. Sarawak Malay Standard Malay The numbers of Sarawak Malay differ a bit from their Standard Malay counterparts. The pronouns too differ quite significantly, with 1st and 2nd personal pronouns (both singular and plural) are both derived from 1st person plural pronouns ( kami and kita in Standard Malay). Below

115-543: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Sarawak Malay Sarawak Malay ( Standard Malay : Bahasa Melayu Sarawak or Bahasa Sarawak , Jawi : بهاس ملايو سراوق ‎, Sarawak Malay: Kelakar Sarawak ) is a Malayic language native to the State of Sarawak. It is a common language used by natives of Sarawak and also as the important mother tongue for the Sarawakian Malay people . This Malay variant

138-523: Is a non-exhaustive list of lexical differences between Standard Malay and Sarawak Malay. Many of the words used in Sarawak Malay nowadays were borrowed from many languages such as English. Some English words that have been borrowed and have undergone significant pronunciation changes are as follows: form The word formation rules of Sarawak Malay are very different from those of the standard Malay language . Without prior exposure, most West Malaysians have trouble following Sarawakian conversations. Sabahan

161-637: Is also different from Sarawak Malay, however they do share some lexicon, such as the word Bah , which is used to stress a sentence. E.g.: Don't do like that - "Iboh polah kedak ya bah." It is similar in use to "lah" in Singlish and in West Malaysia. E.g.: Don't do like that 'lah'. Some words in Sarawakian Malay have a similar pronunciation of ai as ei , as in some districts of Perak : serai > serei , kedai > kedei . Some Sarawakian Malay verbs have

184-485: Is intended by the name "Perak Malay". There are subtle phonetic , syntactic and lexical distinctions from other major Malay dialects. Perak Malay can be divided into two sub-dialects, Kuala Kangsar and Perak Tengah , named after the daerah (districts) where they are predominantly spoken. Linguistically, the Malay dialects spoken in the state of Perak are diverse. In fact, there is still no definite classification of

207-407: Is one of non-rhotic variants of Malay language and the 'r' is guttural. In Perak Malay, if the 'r' appears in the initial and middle position of a word, it will be pronounced as French 'r' specifically voiced uvular fricative , [ʁ] but if it comes in the final position of a word and in a postvocalic setting, it will be dropped or deleted and then substituted into an open vowel; usually 'o' by affecting

230-476: Is one of the Malay dialects spoken within the state of Perak , Malaysia . Although it is neither the official language nor the standard dialect in the whole state of Perak, its existence which co-exists with other major dialects in the state of Perak still plays an important role in maintaining the identity of Perak. In spite of the fact that there are five main dialects traditionally spoken in Perak, only one of which

253-615: Is related to Bruneian Malay . The Sarawakian Malay language also bears strong similarities with the West Kalimantan Malay language around Sanggau , Sintang and Sekadau in the northern part of the West Kalimantan province of Indonesia . According to Asmah Haji Omar (1993), Sarawak Malay can be divided into three dialects which are: Sarawak Malay has features that are not found in Standard Malay, of which some of them are closer to colloquial Indonesian : Sarawak Malay has

SECTION 10

#1732856209305

276-667: The upper stream . Historically, it was a tradition for the Malay peasants in Perak to settle along the Perak River. Royal residences also were built at various sites along the river basin , and there was never any attempt to move to another tributary. It has been said that in general, the Malay people in Malaya distinguish the dialect of Perak by the final /- a / vowel in Standard Malay substituted into strong 'e': [- ɛ ] , in contrast to [- o ] , [- ɔ ] , [- ɑ ] and [- ə ] in

299-516: The Malay dialects of southern Thailand due to geographical borders and historical assimilation. This variant is occasionally classified as a sub-dialect of Yawi . The district of Hulu Perak once was ruled by the Kingdom of Reman . Reman was historically a part of Greater Pattani (which is now a province of Thailand ) before gaining independence in 1810 from the Pattani Kingdom via a rebellion by

322-471: The Royal Family. In the southern parts of Perak ( Hilir Perak and Batang Padang ) and also in the districts of Kampar and Kinta and several parts of Manjung, the dialect is heavily influenced by southern Malay dialects of the peninsula such as Selangor , Malacca and Johore-Riau Malay and various languages of Indonesian archipelago namely Javanese , Banjar , Rawa , Mandailing and Buginese as

345-525: The city. Although Pontianak is relatively homogeneous, some regional sub-dialects are notable. The Malay varieties spoken in Pontianak , Kubu Raya , Ketapang and Mempawah differ slightly from each other. Differences exist both in terms of vocabulary and phonology. The pronunciation system in Pontianak Malay language stressed the usage of the /ə/, this is closely resembles Johor-Riau variant compared to

368-571: The final nasals to alveolar nasal . The final nasals /- m / and /- ŋ / phonetically exist in certain environments. In other circumstances, the nasals are neutralized to [- n ] . This neutralizing rule operates only if the final nasals are directly preceded by / i / or / e / . In addition, the [ e ] and [ o ] are allophones of / i / and / u / in closed final syllables in general Malaysian phonology . Most of Malay dialects particularly in Malaysia are non-rhotic . Perak Malay

391-520: The other Bornean Malay dialects and the related standard Indonesian language. Another notable feature of the accent is the Voiced velar fricative in pronouncing the letter R which similarly used in Sarawakian Malay. In addition, the spoken interjection of Bah is widely used in Pontianak , corresponding to the usage of language observed throughout coastal Borneo. This article about Malayic languages

414-477: The other Malay dialects, similar to inland Terengganu dialect . So as for the word mata (eye) which is shown by the phonemes /mat a / in Standard Malay, is pronounced as [mat ɛ ] in Perak Malay notably in central Perak region. It appears that Perak Malay has a vowel raising rule which changes word final /- a / vowel of Standard Malay to [- ɛ ] . Exception of this rule occurs for some words as shown in

437-547: The sub-dialects. The pattern /- ai̯ / transformed to [- aː ] is particularly restricted to some areas within the district of Perak Tengah. Typically in most villages in Parit and southward to Bota , this pattern is applied. While in the sub-districts of Kampung Gajah and northward to Lambor, the speakers tend to utter in the similar form as in Kuala Kangsar sub-dialect. There is a phonological rule in Perak Malay that neutralizes

460-536: The table below. This exception is regarded as common amongst most Malay dialects in the peninsula. As the prevalence of Perak Malay, the diphthongs presented by the graphemes - ai and - au are often articulated as varied forms of monophthongs . Still and all, diphthongization of monophthongs occurs in certain conditions instead. For instance, the final vowels sound /- i / and /- u / are articulated to some extent as diphthongs [- iy ] and [- uw ] respectively. The monophthongization patterns phonetically vary by

483-409: The type of Malay dialects used in Perak. Ismail Hussein (1973) classified the Malay dialects in Perak into five types segregated into five different areas. While Harun Mat Piah (1983) categorized them into six. Although Asmah Haji Omar (1985) divided the Malay dialects in Perak into five types, the specifications of the division did not coincide with that of Ismail's. Perak Malay is spoken throughout

SECTION 20

#1732856209305

506-411: The urban speech community, which may not be familiar to the older generation. E.g.: SMS language. E.g.: TVS , a regional television broadcaster serving Sarawak from the state government-owned Sarawak Media Group has programming tailored in the language. Perak Malay Perak Malay ( Bahase Peghok or Ngelabun Peghok ; Standard Malay : bahasa Melayu Perak ; Jawi script : بهاس ملايو ڤيراق)

529-437: The whole state except in the northwestern parts of Perak ( Kerian , Larut, Matang and Selama ), and a few parts of Manjung district including Pangkor Island where the northern dialect is predominantly spoken. In the northeastern part of Perak ( Hulu Perak ) and some parts of Selama and Kerian, the Malay people natively speak a distinct variant of Malay language which is most closely related to Kelantan-Pattani Malay and

#304695