Polish Radio Experimental Studio - PRES (Polish: Studio Eksperymentalne Polskiego Radia) was an experimental music studio in Warsaw , where electronic and utility pieces were recorded. The studio was established in 1957 and operated until 2004. Composers such as Krzysztof Penderecki , Elżbieta Sikora , Włodzimierz Kotoński , and Bohdan Mazurek created in the studio.
19-452: The Polish Radio Experimental Studio was conceived by Włodzimierz Sokorski , head of the Radio and Television Committee. Between 1952 and 1956 he was a Minister of Culture , and as a strong supporter of socialist realism he fought against any manifestations of modernity in music. The Polish Radio Experimental Studio was founded on 15 November 1957, but only in the second half of the following year
38-563: A delegation of Soviet composers were invited to visit Poland during the Warsaw Autumn Festival , they fitted in with the conservative, socialist-realist style, restricted by Communist Party rules. Polish Radio had appointed Eugeniusz Rudnik to present the PRES's technical capabilities. As he was playing an excerpt from a track, one delegate asked him with a sneer: "Would it sound just as bad, if you played it backwards?". Rudnik didn't react at
57-532: A prisoner in the Nazi Lviv Janowska Concentration Camp , where to cover up the German crimes he had to dig up and burn the bodies of those they had killed. The adaptation of the text comprised recordings of a heartbeat, and samples of an orchestra playing both piercing and low-frequency sounds, all of which was far from illustrative. Eugeniusz Rudnik commented on it: "The greatness of Penderecki
76-615: Is a ministry within Polish government led by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage responsible for national heritage preservation and Polish culture promotion. Ministry oversees state or partially state cultural institutions and implements the law regarding art and cultural property . Ministry headquarters are located at Potocki Palace , 15 Krakowskie Przedmieście Street in Warsaw . Incumbent minister has been Hanna Wróblewska member of
95-440: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a culture ministry is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bogus%C5%82aw Schaeffer Bogusław Julian Schaeffer (also Schäffer ) (6 June 1929 – 1 July 2019 ) was a Polish composer, musicologist, and graphic artist, a member of the avantgarde "Cracow Group" of Polish composers alongside Krzysztof Penderecki and others. Schaeffer
114-618: The Cabinet ) since May 2024 It was formed on 31 October 2005, from transformation of Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Poland . The ministry can trace its history back to 1918 when the Ministry of Art and Culture was established. It was suppressed in 1922 due to rationalization of public expense and structural reform of the government. It was reestablished within the temporary communist government in 1944 and has existed continuously henceforth until
133-764: The West German Radio (WDR) and Musique Concrète in Paris (GRMC) were established. In 1953, they were followed by Elektronisches Studio at Technische Universität Berlin . In 1954, Experimentalstudio in Gravesano, Switzerland was founded. The following year brought the opening of the Studio di fonologia musicale di Radio Milano and the Nippon Hoso Kyokai studio in Tokyo. The PRES was the seventh radio studio producing electronic music in
152-580: The Experimental Studio was composed by Włodzimierz Kotoński , and titled Study for a Cymbal Stroke (Etiuda konkretna - na jedno uderzenie w talerz) from 1959. The starting point for this 2 minute 41 seconds long track was the sound of a Turkish cymbal struck by a soft drumstick. Kotoński drew from the tradition of musique concrète and Anton Webern 's serialism. Krzysztof Penderecki based his 1963 naturalistic radio play for reciter and tape Death Brigade on Leon Weliczker's diary. Wieliczker had been
171-458: The KEW Group ( Elżbieta Sikora , Krzysztof Knittel , Wojciech Michniewski), Nicole Lachartre , Magdalena Długosz, Tomasz Stańko , Paweł Szymański , Andrzej Bieżan, Michael Ranta, Marek Chołoniewski, and Krzesimir Dębski . Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Poland) The Ministry of Culture and National Heritage ( Polish : Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego )
190-579: The Polish Radio headquarters on Malczewskiego Street in Warsaw, in the 6x6 metre Black Room designed by Zofia and Oskar Hansen. The walls were made of black and red panels, soundproof on one side and sound-absorbing on the other. The Black Room was an allusion to Oskar Hansen's open form. In 1986, PRES moved across the city to the Polish Radio building on Woronicza street. The first autonomous track recorded in
209-401: The composer designed graphic vertical scores, and included a detailed legend instructing the sound engineer, Bohdan Mazurek, to act according to the work environment. He was obligated to release a faithful production, no matter what studio he worked in. Schaefer did not object to the idea of producing the track in a different place (including a potential "studio of the future"), nor did he define
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#1733105999832228-425: The instrumentation, but only determined the parameters. Later reinterpretations of Schaeffer's track were performed by Barbara Okoń-Makowska, Dominik Kowalczyk (Wolfram) and Thomas Lehn . Skalary by Eugeniusz Rudnik is a multi-version piece—it can be played from start to finish and from finish to start, at different speeds, and with altered left and right channel distribution. Any setting is possible. When, in 1965,
247-596: The merger with the Ministry of Sport in 2021. (cabinet) Wincenty Witos Józef Pińkowski ( Pińkowski ) Wojciech Jaruzelski ( Jaruzelski ) Zbigniew Messner ( Messner ) Mieczysław Rakowski ( Rakowski ) Józef Oleksy ( Oleksy ) Marek Belka ( Belka I , Belka II ) Jarosław Kaczyński ( Kaczyński ) Ewa Kopacz ( Kopacz ) Mateusz Morawiecki ( Morawiecki , Morawiecki II) This article about government in Poland
266-454: The studio was a place where autonomous electronic pieces were recorded, this was not its main purpose; it was launched as a space for the creation of independent compositions, sounds illustrations for radio dramas, and soundtracks for theatre, film and dance. The Polish Radio Experimental Studio was often visited by cultural delegations coming to Poland. In 1951, the Studio for Electronic Music of
285-708: The time, but a year later he recorded Skalary , a composition sounding equally well no matter how it is played. Andrzej Dobrowolski 's Passacaglia was an attempt to create a baroque form of inference and sounds considered to be musical scraps. The track is subtitled “for forty out of five", a reference to the forty sound objects derived from five initial drum sounds. A whole range of Polish and foreign composers came through PRES. Produced here were tracks of: Włodzimierz Kotoński , Andrzej Dobrowolski , Tomasz Sikorski , Eugeniusz Rudnik , Krzysztof Penderecki , Zbigniew Wiszniewski, Bohdan Mazurek, Bogusław Schaeffer , as well as Arne Nordheim , Szábolcs Esztényi, Lejaren Hiller ,
304-497: The world. The first machines installed to the studio were a simple tone generator , a rectangular pulse generator , an oscillograph , a high-pass and low pass RFT filters , two Sander-Jansen SJ100K tape recorders made in the German Democratic Republic , and a Polish-made mixing console with four output limiters. In the following years PRES systematically acquired new gear. The studio's premises were located in
323-781: Was born in Lwów (now Lviv , Ukraine ). After studying violin in Opole and graduating in musical composition under Zdzisław Jachimecki in 1953 at the Academy of Music in Kraków , he became an active composer and musical theoretician. From 1963, he was a lecturer on composition at the Kraków Academy, and he was a professor at the Hochschule für Music in Salzburg from the mid-1980s to 2000. Konstancja Kochaniec
342-551: Was it adapted for sound production. It operated until 2004. For 28 years, until 1985, the studio was headed by its founder, Józef Patkowski, musicologist, acoustician, and the chairman of the Polish Composers' Union. The second most important person in the Studio was Krzysztof Szlifirski, an electroacoustics engineer. Before founding the studio Józef Patkowski visited similar hubs in Cologne , Paris , Gravesono and Milan . Though
361-400: Was us not getting carried away by naturalism. We didn't represent skulls breaking in the flames. [...] Instead, we did a subtle, smart and delicate multiplication of the actor's lines ..." Symphony. Electronic Music (Symfonia. Muzyka Elektroniczna) by Bogusław Schaeffer is one of the most interesting examples of tracks produced in the PRES. Instead of "working with the sound" in the studio,
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