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41-557: [REDACTED] The company used long flags on its ships that could be up to 4.5 meters long. The Pittsburgh Steamship Company began operations in 1899 by Henry W. Oliver . In 1901 the company became a subsidiary of the United States Steel Corporation . References [ edit ] ^ "WAVING THROUGH TIME Flags of the Sweetwater Seas" . National Museum of

82-429: A combination of NOAA Corps officers, NOAA civilians, and wage marine employees. NOAA Corps officers and OMAO civilians frequently serve as chief scientists on program missions. Aboard NOAA ships, NOAA Corps officers perform administrative duties and are responsible for the navigation of the vessels, while NOAA civilians and wage marine employees serve as licensed engineers, mechanics, navigators, technicians, and members of

123-422: A distinctive mark on its ships. The rank flag or distinguishing flag is the flag worn by a superior officer on their flagship or headquarters (hence the term flag ship). The origins of this are from the era before radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony, when orders were given by flag signals. The flag denotes the ship which must be watched for signals designating orders. Such flags are also worn when leaders of

164-809: A distinctive mark. Similarly, all ships of the United States Lighthouse Service wore the U.S. Lighthouse Service flag until the service merged into the United States Coast Guard on 1 July 1939, and ships of the United States Bureau of Fisheries wore the Bureau of Fisheries flag until the bureau was merged into the United States Fish and Wildlife Service on 30 June 1940. the Fish and Wildlife service subsequently has flown its flag as

205-413: A group of naval ships all commanded by superior officers, only the commander of the group or the officer of the highest rank can wear his flag. The pennant , historically called a pennon , is a long narrow flag, conveying different meanings depending on its design and use. Examples: Merchant ships often fly a flag identifying which company owns the vessel. This was formerly flown from the mainmast but

246-571: A letter indicating whether the vessel is a research ship (R) or survey ship (S), followed by a three-digit number. Each hull classification symbol is unique among NOAA ships currently in commission , although in some cases NOAA uses a hull classification symbol identical to one it used previously for a ship that it has since decommissioned. NOAA ships fly the flag of the United States as their ensign . To distinguish them from ships of other United States Government agencies and services that also fly

287-524: A red triangle to represent the discipline of triangulation used in hydrographic surveys , and the flag of NOAA, in use since 1970, includes a similar red triangle. NOAA ships also fly a " commission pennant " in a similar manner to U.S. Navy and United States Coast Guard ships. The NOAA fleet has three commission pennants, one for its largest ships (which it deems "Class I" vessels), and two for smaller ships NOAA defines as "Class II," "Class III," or "Class IV" vessels. The pennant for Class I vessels

328-421: A ship: a flag flown at the stern is always in a superior position to a flag flown elsewhere on the ship, even if the latter is higher up. The priority of hoisting locations depends on the rig of the vessel. With sloops, ketches and schooners the starboard yardarm or spreader of the highest or main mast is the second most honoured position (that is, after the ensign at the stern). Next after the starboard spreader

369-508: Is 15 feet (4.6 m) long and has 13 red triangles on a white background at the hoist, with the remainder of the pennant blue, while the pennants for Class II, III, and IV vessels are 9 and 4 feet (2.7 and 1.2 m) long and have seven red triangles but otherwise are identical in design to the Class I pennant. The pennants also carry forward a tradition of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey fleet, which flew commission pennants identical to those of

410-602: Is a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) which operates a wide variety of specialized ships and aircraft to carry out the environmental and scientific missions of NOAA. NOAA′s Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) operates NOAA′s aircraft and ships. OMAO also manages the NOAA Small Boat Program and the NOAA Diving Program , the latter having as part of its mission

451-416: Is flown by a visiting ship in foreign waters as a token of respect. It is often a small (that is, smaller than the ship's own national ensign ) national maritime flag of the host country, although there are countries (such as Malta ) where the national, rather than the maritime flag is correct. The flag is customarily worn at the foremasthead of multi-masted vessels, the dockside yardarm or crosstree of

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492-702: Is home to NOAA's fleet of aircraft. It has been located at Lakeland Linder International Airport in Lakeland, Florida , since June 2017. Prior to its move to Lakeland, the AOC resided at MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa , Florida, from January 1993 to June 2017. NOAA aircraft often operate over open ocean, mountains, coastal wetlands, Arctic pack ice, and in and around hurricanes and other severe weather. The aircraft collect environmental and geographic data for NOAA hurricane and other weather and atmospheric research (including as part of

533-407: Is now usually flown from the jackstaff . Private signals are custom designed flags used to symbolize and identify the owner of a boat. Members belonging to a yacht club or sailing organization may fly their club's unique burgee both while underway and at anchor (however, not while racing). Sailing vessels may fly the burgee from the main masthead or from a lanyard under the starboard spreader on

574-404: Is the port spreader. House flags (those defining the owner) are usually flown from the mainmast truck. When a club burgee is flown, it will normally be hoisted to the truck of the most forward mast. On a sloop, then, not having a foremast, the house flag could be moved to the port spreader if the starboard spreader was in use, and a burgee was being flown. On a ketch, the house flag would be moved to

615-596: The ensign on merchant ships , depending on the ships origin. Jacks in the Royal Navy must be run up when the first line is ashore when coming alongside. On 16 January 1899, commissioned ships of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey were authorized to wear their own flag to distinguish them from ships of the United States Navy , with which they shared a common ensign. Although they continued to wear

656-499: The NOAA Hurricane Hunters program; provide aerial support for coastal and aeronautical charting and remote sensing projects; conduct aerial surveys for hydrologic research; support NOAA's fishery research and marine mammal assessment programs; and provide support to emergency response managers during and after natural disasters. NOAA also operates unmanned aerial vehicles . NOAA ' s ship fleet traces it ancestry to

697-738: The National Marine Fisheries Service (the successor agency within NOAA of the Fish Commission, Bureau of Fisheries, and Bureau of Commercial Fisheries). Via a phased process during 1972 and 1973, however, the ships of the National Ocean Survey and National Marine Fisheries Service, as well as those of the Environmental Research Laboratories, integrated to form a consolidated and unified NOAA fleet, operated by

738-570: The United States and its territories . The Fish Commission, which became the United States Bureau of Fisheries in 1903, operated a fleet that included fisheries research ships until 1940, when the Bureau of Fisheries was abolished and its fleet was transferred to the Department of the Interior ′s new Fish and Wildlife Service. In a major reorganization in 1956, the Fish and Wildlife Service became

779-420: The United States Fish and Wildlife Service , and its new Bureau of Commercial Fisheries took control of the seagoing fisheries research fleet. The NOAA fleet was created when various United States Government scientific agencies merged to form NOAA on 3 October 1970. At that time, the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ' s Bureau of Commercial Fisheries were abolished, and

820-765: The United States Navy or other maritime services. The vessels are located in various locations around the United States. The ships are managed by the Marine Operations Center, which has offices in Norfolk , Virginia , and Newport , Oregon . Logistic support for these vessels is provided by the Marine Operations Center offices or, for vessels with home ports at Woods Hole , Massachusetts ; Charleston , South Carolina ; Pascagoula , Mississippi ; San Diego , California ; or Honolulu , Hawaii , by port captains located in those ports. Upon its creation on 3 October 1970, NOAA took control of all ships previously operated by

861-541: The Great Lakes . ^ Oliver, Henry (1942). Iron Pioneer . New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc. p. 252. Bibliography [ edit ] Miller, Al (1999). Tin Stackers . Wayne State University Press. ISBN   0-8143-2832-6 . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pittsburgh_Steamship_Company&oldid=1243334268 " Categories : Shipping companies of

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902-425: The National Ocean Survey's Office of Fleet Operations. The NOAA fleet provides hydrographic survey, oceanographic and atmospheric research, and fisheries research vessels to support the elements of NOAA's strategic plan and mission. NOAA's Fleet Allocation Council manages and allocates the time each ship spends on various missions and projects based on user requests. Some ships of the fleet are vessels retired from

943-464: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Bureau of Commercial Fisheries and the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. NOAA has since decommissioned many of these ships and replaced them with ships acquired from the U.S. Navy or new ships built specifically for NOAA. The names of NOAA ships are preceded by the prefix "NOAAS" (for "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Ship") and followed by a unique hull classification symbol , or "hull number," made up of

984-458: The U.S. flag as their ensign, NOAA ships also fly the NOAA flag as a distinctive mark . This practice carries on the tradition of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, whose ships flew the Coast and Geodetic Survey flag as a distinctive mark from 1899 until 1970, when the Coast and Geodetic Survey was abolished and its ships were incorporated into the NOAA fleet. The Coast and Geodetic Survey flag included

1025-518: The United States Great Lakes shipping companies U.S. Steel House flag The ensign is the national identification of a ship and hoisted up in a national flag world-wide. They are required to be worn when entering and leaving harbour, when sailing through foreign waters, and when the ship is signalled to do so by a warship. Ensigns are part of seafaring traditions of private and naval forces and have their origins in

1066-441: The engine, steward, and deck departments. Aboard both aircraft and ships, NOAA Corps officers and civilian crew members provide mission support and assistance to embarked scientists from various NOAA laboratories and the academic community. To complement NOAA's aircraft and ship fleets, OMAO contracts for ship and aircraft time with other sources, such as the private sector and universities. NOAA's Aircraft Operations Center (AOC)

1107-422: The era of sailing vessels. Flag dipping is done with the ensign. Ships usually wear their ensigns between the morning colours ceremony and sunset when moored or at anchor. Warships wear it at all times when underway, and when engaged in battle, wear the " battle ensign " or multiple ensigns. Tradition dictated that if a ship lowered its ensign it was deemed to have surrendered. Masts were targets of gunfire, and

1148-667: The fleets of the Survey of the Coast and of the United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, widely referred to as the United States Fish Commission . The Survey of the Coast, established in 1807, became the United States Coast Survey in 1836 and then the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1878, and it operated a fleet of survey ships that conducted hydrographic surveys along the coasts of

1189-472: The government (presidents, prime ministers or defense secretaries) are aboard Navy ships, showing the ship to hold the headquarters of highest level of authority for the Armed Forces. Today, with the progress in communications, this flag indicates the obligation of the other Naval vessels to pay the relevant honours ( Manning the rails , firing cannon salute , attention, etc.) according to nautical etiquette. In

1230-623: The job of ensuring a level of diving skill conducive to safe and efficient operations in NOAA-sponsored underwater activities. A National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps) rear admiral serves as both the director of the NOAA Corps and of OMAO. A NOAA Corps rear admiral (lower half) serves as the director of the Marine and Aviation Operations Centers. NOAA's aircraft and ships are operated and managed by

1271-428: The mast of single-masted vessels, while the house flag would be outboard. It may be flown from the jackstaff of vessels without masts. The position of honour on a ship is the quarterdeck at the stern of the ship, and thus ensigns are traditionally flown either from an ensign staff at the ship's stern, or from a gaff rigged over the stern. The rule that the highest flown flag takes precedence does not apply on board

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1312-513: The mast. Power boats fly the burgee off a short staff on the bow. Warships of various navies may be awarded a unit citation , for which a burgee (tapering flag with swallow-tail fly) is flown when in port. There is a system of International maritime signal flags for each letter of the alphabet, and pennants for the numerals. Each flag (except the R flag) has an additional meaning when flown individually, and they take other meanings in certain combinations. A courtesy flag (or courtesy ensign )

1353-433: The masthead. Motor boats without masts should always fly the ensign from an ensign staff at the stern. Conventionally, courtesy flags are flown from the jackstaff at the bow. This seems to some landsmen as being a reversal of priorities. However, a boat is steered by the stern and this gives it pride of place. Nautical etiquette requires that merchant vessels dip their ensigns in salute to passing warships, which acknowledge

1394-412: The mizzen gaff. When Bermudian sails came into general use, some skippers started to fly the ensign from two-thirds the way up the main-sail leech. Many consider this an affectation with the past. Others have taken to flying the ensign from a backstay. These are not good locations because the flag does not fly out well when hoisted raked forward. The Canadian Heritage web page states: whenever possible,

1435-402: The mizzen. When in port, the ensign should always be flown from the staff at the stern. This is traditional, because in former times the gaff was then lowered along with the mizzen sail. The only ensign ever flown from the starboard spreader or yardarm is that of a nation being visited. This is known as a courtesy hoisting or a courtesy flag. At sea, it used to be that the ensign was flown from

1476-507: The other, on the same staff is a sign that the vessel concerned has been captured or has surrendered during wartime. The ensign flying in the inferior, or lower, position is that of the country the ship has been captured from; conversely, the ensign flying in the superior, or upper position, is that of the country that has captured the ship. As a sign of celebration, ships in harbour may be dressed overall . NOAA ships and aircraft The Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO)

1517-429: The proper place for a vessel to display the national colours is at the stern, except that when at sea, the flag may be flown from a gaff; when in harbour the flag should be hoisted at 0800 hours and lowered at sunset. Another recent custom has been to fly a burgee and/or a cruising or power squadron flag from the starboard spreader. This custom has arisen because many sailboats today place a racing flag or wind indicator at

1558-461: The salute by dipping their ensigns in return. Contrary to popular belief the United States Navy does dip the Stars and Stripes in acknowledgement of salutes rendered to it. Merchant vessels traditionally fly the ensign of the nation in whose territorial waters they are sailing at the starboard yard-arm. This is known as a courtesy flag, as for yachts. The flying of the ensigns of two countries, one above

1599-603: The same ensign as U.S. Navy ships, ships of the Survey flew the Coast and Geodetic Survey flag as a "distinctive mark" until the newly created National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) took over control of the Survey ' s ships in 1970. Since then, commissioned ships of the NOAA fleet , which also wear the same national ensign as U.S. Navy ships, have worn the flag of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as

1640-405: The second and subsequent ensigns were worn in order to keep the ensign flying even after a mast hit. Jacks are flown on the bow and placed upon a jackstaff , and used when the vessel is in a port or dressed on special occasions, and not while being underway. The origin of the jack was on warships only. However, it became an additional flag for certain other vessels and is sometimes identical with

1681-549: The ships that had constituted their fleets combined to form the new NOAA fleet. At first, the major ships that were to constitute the new fleet reported to separate entities, with former Coast and Geodetic Survey ships subordinate to the National Ocean Survey (renamed the National Ocean Service in 1983, the Coast and Geodetic Survey's successor organization within NOAA), while former Bureau of Commercial Fisheries ships reported to

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