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91-572: Prior to the creation of the Board, the legal education in the Philippines was largely left unsupervised. However, on December 23, 1993, Republic Act No. 7662, or the Legal Education Reform Act of 1993 through the authorship of Senator Edgardo Angara , was created into law. Despite the creation of the Board, it only became operational after 16 years. In 2009, through the efforts of Senator Angara,

182-591: A massive infrastructure plan , initiated liberal economic reforms, streamlined government processes, and proposed a shift to a federal system of government which was ultimately unsuccessful. He also oversaw the controversial burial of Ferdinand Marcos , the 2017 Battle of Marawi , and the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic . He declared the intention to pursue an "independent foreign policy", and strengthened relations with China and Russia . He initially announced his candidacy for vice president in

273-555: A Better Philippines in Cebu City prior to joining the presidential race, the then-mayor of Davao City called for the creation of two federal states for Moro people as a solution to the problems besetting Mindanao . Mayor Duterte said that Nur Misuari and his Moro National Liberation Front do not see eye-to-eye with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front which the administration of President Benigno Aquino III had inked

364-614: A Federal System of Government". Prospects of Duterte running for president in the 2016 elections began in February 2015, during which Duterte, then outgoing Mayor of Davao City , re-entered the PDP-Laban party, who courted him to run for president. A month later, Duterte emerged as a preferred presidential candidate in a Pulse Asia poll; tied with Manila mayor and former president Joseph Estrada , Duterte ranked third behind Senator Grace Poe and frontrunner, Vice President Jejomar Binay . In

455-621: A case against him if they could provide evidence of his links with vigilante groups. We're the ninth-safest city. How do you think I did it? How did I reach that title among the world's safest cities? Kill them all [criminals]. Duterte frequently expressed his support for the extrajudicial killings that occurred during his tenure as Davao City mayor, while alternately denying and admitting his links to them. During his post-presidency in October 2023, he admitted on his talk show program Gikan sa Masa, para sa Masa to using intelligence funds to finance

546-626: A child where his father, Vicente Duterte , served as provincial governor. He studied political science at the Lyceum of the Philippines University , graduating in 1968, before obtaining a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972. He then worked as a lawyer and was a prosecutor for Davao City , before becoming vice mayor and, subsequently, mayor of the city in the wake of the 1986 People Power Revolution . Duterte won seven terms and served as mayor of Davao for over 22 years, during which

637-470: A comprehensive tax reform plan, led efforts to pass the Bangsamoro Basic Law , made efforts to streamline government transactions, launched the nationwide 9–1–1 rescue and 8888 complaint hotlines, established a one-stop service center for overseas Filipino workers , and increased in the combat and incentive pay of soldiers and police personnel. Duterte made moves to limit US visiting troops in

728-616: A consultative committee to review the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines . Duterte adjusted to working and residing at the Malacañang Palace by dividing his workweek between Manila and Davao City, spending three days in each city and utilizing the Malacañang of the South while in Davao. A Pulse Asia survey conducted from July 2–8 showed that Duterte had a trust rating of 91%, the highest of

819-669: A double murder, Duterte allegedly burned a flag of Singapore (though this claim was later denied) and joined 1,000 employees of Davao City in protest. In 1998, because he was term-limited to run again for mayor, Duterte ran and won as congressman of the city's 1st district under the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino (LAMMP). He was a member of five House committees, namely: National Defense , Public Order and Security , Health , Transportation and Communications , and Cooperative Development . He filed 64 measures, including 45 bills, with one enacted into law—Republic Act No. 8969, which declared

910-401: A growth rate of 3.6 percent a year since 2000, compared with a 1.2 percent growth over the past two decades. On January 6, 2001, as Estrada's presidency was crippled by an impeachment trial and widespread allegations of corruption, Angara was appointed Executive Secretary following the resignation of Ronaldo Zamora , who resigned to run for Congress. He only served for 14 days, as Estrada

1001-641: A logistics hub, it is a very timely and strategic infrastructure investment for the Philippines catering to Trans-Pacific Ocean traffic. In the Senate, Angara chaired the Committee on Education, Arts and Culture , Committee on Science and Technology , and the Congressional Commission on Science and Technology and Engineering . From January 16 to May 29, 2012, Angara acted as one of the Senator-Judges in

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1092-463: A multi-campus university organization was instituted. He defended the state university's tradition of dissent and fiscal autonomy, while maintaining its reputation for academic excellence. He established stronger links with the business community and alumni organizations, raising the biggest faculty endowment in the university. Angara's achievements brought him into politics. He first served as senator from 1987 until 1992. By this time, he had established

1183-696: A new comprehensive anti-smoking ordinance. A firecracker ban was also implemented by the City Council through the support of Duterte. Davao acquired 10 ambulances for central 911 intended for medical emergencies and 42 mobile patrol vehicles and motorcycles for the Davao City Police Office. Duterte, through Executive Order No. 24, ordered all shopping malls and commercial centers to install, operate and maintain high end and high definition closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras at all entrance and exit points of their premises. In September 2015, Duterte

1274-411: A one day standardized aptitude test that was designed to evaluate the academic capability of a person to pursue the potential in the study of law in the Philippines. The standardized test was created pursuant to LEB Memorandum Order No. 7, series of 2016. The tests covers four subtests, namely: communications and language proficiency, critical thinking, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoning. The test

1365-583: A peace deal with. He also said that the "template of the Bangsamoro Basic Law is federal", but what is granted to the Bangsamoro should also be granted to other Moro groups and other regions in the country. In a dialogue with the Makati Business Club prior to the elections, Duterte said he is open to "toning down the Constitution" to accommodate more foreign investors to the Philippines. He also said he

1456-405: A prohibition on selling, serving, drinking, and consuming alcoholic beverages from 01:00 until 08:00 each morning. Duterte signed Executive Order No. 39, reducing the speed limits for all kinds of motor vehicles within the territorial jurisdiction of Davao City in the interest of public safety and order. Duterte also signed Executive Order No. 04 creating the implementing of rules and regulations for

1547-472: A rally in April 2016 that he shot a fellow student who had bullied him about his Visayan origin as well as other students of the same ethnicity, while at San Beda law college. He said, "But the truth is, I'm used to shooting people. When we were about to graduate from San Beda, I shot a person." Duterte said that he shot the student in a corridor at the college when the said student called him names again. He later told

1638-540: A reporter that the student survived, but refused to answer any further questions about the incident. However, in an interview aired on 24 Oras and published on the official GMA News Online website on April 22, 2016, retired labor arbiter Arthur Amansec said Duterte and Octavio Goco at that time were both playing with a gun as it was normal for students to bring guns to school in the seventies. Amansec is Duterte's former classmate in San Beda College who witnessed

1729-436: A reputation as a resolute reformer and firm leader, winning praise for his non-confrontational stance on contentious domestic and international issues, while building consensus at the same time. On September 16, 1989, Angara led a one-day forum with Alfonso J. Aguirre for the centennial of José Rizal 's essay " Filipinas dentro de cien años " ("The Philippines, a Century Hence"). He was Senate President from 1993 to 1995. As

1820-569: A total of twenty-three years. As a legislator, Angara has championed numerous important laws and bills including the free high school law, the Senior Citizen discount law, and many more. In between his Senate stints, Angara also served as Secretary of Agriculture from 1999 to 2001 and also held other government positions briefly. Outside politics, Angara served as the President of the University of

1911-414: Is a home-type jail with ten cottages built inside the compound, which now serve as homes for female inmates. During Duterte's tenure as mayor, Davao City experienced economic boom and a significant decrease in crime from being a conflict-ridden area between communists and right-wing groups during the 1970s and 1980s, and is constantly rated as among the safest in the country. The city also ranks high in

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2002-572: Is open to up to 70 percent foreign ownership of businesses in the country and foreign lease of lands up to 60 years, but will "leave it to Congress to decide". On May 30, 2016, the 16th Congress of the Philippines proclaimed Duterte as the president-elect of the Philippines after he topped the official count by the Congress of the Philippines for the 2016 presidential election with 16,601,997 votes, 6.6 million more than his closest rival, Mar Roxas . Camarines Sur representative Leni Robredo on

2093-448: The 1988 local elections , he ran for mayor under the banner of Lakas ng Dabaw, defeating former OIC Mayor Zafiro Respicio by a margin of 6,000 votes. As mayor of Davao City, Duterte made efforts to unite the different tribes and political groups in the city. He set a precedent by designating deputy mayors to represent the administrative districts, as well as the Lumad and Moro peoples in

2184-699: The 2022 election ; in October 2021, he said he was retiring from politics. The next month, he filed his candidacy for senator but withdrew it on December 14. Duterte's political positions have been described as populist , as well as nationalist . His political success has been aided by his vocal support for the extrajudicial killing of drug users and other criminals. His career has sparked numerous protests and attracted controversy, particularly over human rights issues and his controversial comments. Duterte has repeatedly confirmed to have personally killed criminal suspects during his term as mayor of Davao. Extrajudicial killings that were allegedly committed by

2275-583: The Ateneo de Davao University (AdDU) High School due to misconduct. He graduated in 1968 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science at the Lyceum of the Philippines in Manila . Duterte obtained a law degree from San Beda College of Law in 1972, passing the bar exam in the same year. He worked as a professor in the national police academy, and was a member of an organization called Nationalist Alliance for Justice, Freedom and Democracy. He later served as

2366-805: The COVID-19 pandemic . Some major projects include the Subic-Clark Railway, the North–South Commuter Railway from New Clark City to Calamba, Laguna , the Metro Manila Subway , the expansion of Clark International Airport the Mindanao Railway (Tagum-Davao-Digos Segment), and the Luzon Spine Expressway Network By April 2022, 12 IFPs have been completed by the administration, while 88 IFPs, which were on their "advanced stage", have been passed on to

2457-567: The Davao Death Squad between 1998 and 2016 during Duterte's mayoralty have also been scrutinized by human-rights groups and the Office of the Ombudsman . The victims were mainly alleged drug users, alleged petty criminals, and street children . The International Criminal Court opened a preliminary investigation into Duterte's drug war in 2018, prompting Duterte to withdraw the Philippines from

2548-844: The Davao Region in 1950. Vicente worked as a lawyer engaged in private practice. Soledad worked as a teacher until 1952, when Vicente entered politics. Duterte went to Laboon Elementary School in Maasin for a year. He spent his remaining elementary days at Santa Ana Elementary School in Davao City , where he completed his primary education in 1956. He finished his secondary education in the High School Department of Holy Cross College of Digos (now Cor Jesu College ) in Digos , Davao province , after being expelled twice from previous schools, including one in

2639-641: The Earth Summit treaty, along with five pro-environment treaties, many of which have already been enacted into law. In August 1995, he resigned from the Senate Presidency and was elected as the new Minority Leader of the Senate. As chairman of the Congressional Commission on Education from 1990 to 1991, Angara sponsored laws that resulted in the creation of the Commission on Higher Education and

2730-666: The Senate halls on the morning of May 16. His former Senate colleagues such as Sen. Wigberto Tañada attended his funeral, while others such as Rene Saguisag , Pia Cayetano , Nene Pimentel , and former Presidents Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Joseph Estrada , gave eulogies to Angara. President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo visited Angara's funeral in The Heritage Park in Taguig . His remains were buried in his hometown of Baler, Aurora . Senator Edgardo Angara's life

2821-564: The Supreme Court or of the Court of Appeals, and four other regular members, each representing the Integrated Bar of the Philippines , Philippine Association of Law Schools, the ranks of active law practitioners and the law students' sector. A representative from the Commission of Higher Education shall also serve as an ex officio member of the Board. With the exception of the representative of

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2912-642: The Technical Education and Skill Development Authority , both of which enabled the Department of Education to focus on its main concern - basic education. He authored the Free High School Act that ensured secondary education even for the poorest; the Senior Citizens Act (or The Angara Law) that allowed the elderly to avail of substantial discounts when buying medicine or riding public transport;

3003-588: The University of the Philippines in 1958. While in university, he joined the Sigma Rho fraternity. Upon graduation, he was elected to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi international honor societies. He earned his LL.M. from the University of Michigan Law School in 1964. Angara was a delegate to the 1971 Constitutional Convention representing the first district of Quezon . In May 1972, he together with classmates (and fraternity brothers from Sigma Rho) from

3094-413: The University of the Philippines . He rallied alumni in the country and abroad to pool their resources for various projects to mark the university's diamond jubilee in 1983, including the creation of additional professorial chairs and faculty grants. Through his efforts, the liberal arts curriculum was strengthened, a seven-year honors medical curriculum installed, humanities and science were energized, and

3185-540: The April 2009 UN General Assembly of the Human Rights Council, the UN report (Eleventh Session Agenda item 3, par 21) said, "The Mayor of Davao City has done nothing to prevent these killings, and his public comments suggest that he is, in fact, supportive." Duterte emphasized that the concept of human rights for criminals is Western and should not apply to the Philippines; he further challenged human rights officials to file

3276-534: The Aurora Special Economic Zone Authority (ASEZA), the body tasked to administer the economic zone in Brgy. Motiong, Casiguran , Aurora . Later on, Republic Act No. 10083 was enacted which amended the name to Aurora Pacific Economic Zone and Freeport Authority or better known as APECO . The APECO was created to generate jobs and livelihood not only for Aurora but its neighboring provinces. As

3367-450: The Board was given its first operational budget of 10 million pesos. In the same year, former Court of Appeals Hilarion Aquino was appointed as its first Chairman. His term was supposedly to end on 2014, but had to occupy his post for two years in a holdover capacity. In 2016, Aquino was replaced by Emerson Aquende, former Law Dean of University of Santo Tomas–Legazpi (formerly known as Aquinas University of Legazpi). On December 29, 2016,

3458-466: The Foreign Investment Act of 1991, effectively relaxing restrictions on foreign investments by allowing foreigners to invest in a local enterprise up to 100% of its capital. He signed Republic Act No. 11659, amending the 85-year-old Public Service Act, allowing full foreign ownership of public services, which include airports, expressways, railways, telecommunications, and shipping industries, in

3549-757: The Free High School Education Act, the Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education or GASTPE Law, the Generics Act, the law which created Philhealth, the original Senior Citizens Act, Agricultural and Fisheries Modernization Act, Government Procurement Act, the Renewable Energy Act, among several others. In 2007, Senator Edgardo Angara and Rep. Juan Edgardo Angara authored Republic Act No. 9490 which created

3640-559: The Legal Education Board issued a memorandum order mandating all aspiring law school students to take the Philippine Law School Admission Test (PhilSAT). The first examination took place in April 2017 across seven key cities in the Philippines. The following were the major changes to the legal education made by the Board since 2009: The Board is composed of a Chairman, who must preferably a former justice of

3731-654: The Magna Carta for Public Health Workers and was the principal author of the laws that created the new National Museum and the National Commission on Culture and the Arts . Angara prepared to run for president in the 1998 Philippine election , but decided against it when it became clear that he could not win over the popular vice president Joseph Estrada . He accepted a deal offered by Estrada to run as his vice presidential candidate instead. Although Estrada overwhelmingly won

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3822-494: The National Health Insurance Act, or PhilHealth , that provided insurance to every citizen; and the Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education (GASTPE), the biggest scholarship program. Under his Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA), farmers and fisher folk benefited from improved seeds and plant materials, better irrigation, better financing and market access. He authored

3913-677: The OIC vice mayor of Davao City, assisting evacuees from Davao City remote areas and working for the release of soldiers captured by the New Peoples Army (NPA). Eventually, he became a special counsel at the City Prosecution Office in Davao City from 1977 to 1979, fourth assistant city prosecutor from 1979 to 1981, third assistant city prosecutor from 1981 to 1983, and second assistant city prosecutor from 1983 to 1986. Duterte has claimed he

4004-542: The Philippines and also established himself as one of the most important figures in the bar when he was elected president of the Philippine Bar Association, the nation's oldest voluntary bar society. In 1975, he also served as president of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP), the country's unified association of lawyers. His leadership was acknowledged even on a global scale. He was chosen to serve as

4095-525: The Senate Chief, Angara, with his aggressive and consensus-building approach leadership style, rallied the upper chamber to pass bills and resolutions for an executive-legislative cooperation in economic reforms, which resulted in the Economic Summit of August 1993. It was likewise during his term that the Senate adopted a policy to reimpose the death penalty for heinous crimes and saw the ratification of

4186-413: The Senate ended but his son, Sonny placed a bid for Senator, he endorsed his son and campaigned with him with help from fellow senator Miriam Defensor Santiago , helping the younger Angara to be elected. Edgardo Angara died from an apparent heart attack on May 13, 2018, at the age of 83. His death was announced by his son Sonny over his Twitter page. Angara's necrological services were conducted in

4277-565: The Society of Jesus agreed to a tentative payout of US$ 16 million to settle claims that Falvey sexually abused at least nine children in Los Angeles from 1959 to 1975. Accusations against Falvey began in 2002 but he was never charged with a crime. In May 2008, the Diocese of Sacramento paid a $ 100,000-settlement to a person allegedly raped and molested by Mark's brother, Arthur Falvey. However, it

4368-486: The Supreme Court issued a temporary restraining order for the implementation of PhiLSAT. The order further conditionally allowed those who have not taken PhiLSAT for the academic year of 2018-2019, those who did not pass the tests in the previous years, those honor graduates with no exemption certificates or with expired exemption certificates to enroll as incoming law students for the upcoming academic year. The said order

4459-747: The TRAIN law will help fund the administration's massive infrastructure program . In March 2021, to attract more investments and maintain fiscal stability, Duterte signed the Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises (CREATE) Act, reducing the 30 percent corporate income tax rate to 25 percent for firms with assets above ₱ 100 million and to 20 percent for smaller firms. Duterte raised sin taxes on tobacco and vapor products in July 2019, and alcohol beverages and electronic cigarettes in January 2020, to fund

4550-629: The UP College of Law and Juan Ponce Enrile , founded the ACCRA Law Offices, which became the country's most recognized and prestigious law firm in less than a decade. He became president of the Philippine Bar Association from 1975 to 1976, and of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines from 1979 to 1981. He also founded the ASEAN Law Association and became its founding president from 1980 to 1981. From 1981 to 1987, Angara became president of

4641-568: The Universal Health Care Act and reduce incidence of deaths and diseases associated with smoking and alcohol consumption. Duterte's tax reform program has garnered both support and criticism. Critics have argued that the administration's tax policy would burden the poor. The implementation of the TRAIN Law triggered protests from various left-wing groups. On January 15, 2018, protesters gathered at various public market sites, calling for

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4732-552: The administration's socioeconomic policy , aimed to usher in the country's "Golden Age of Infrastructure" by increasing the share of spending on public infrastructure in the country's gross domestic product (GDP) from 5.4 percent in 2017 to 7.4 percent in 2022. The administration, in 2017, shifted its infrastructure funding policy from public-private partnerships (PPPs) of previous administrations to government revenues and official development assistance (ODA), particularly from Japan and China, but has since October 2019 engaged with

4823-468: The arrest of 22,000 drug suspects and surrender of about 731,000 people. Following the September 2 bombing in Davao City that killed 14 people in the city's central business district, on September 3 Duterte declared a "state of lawlessness", and on the following day issued Proclamation No. 55 to officially declare a " state of national emergency on account of lawless violence in Mindanao". On December 7, Duterte signed Executive Order No. 10 creating

4914-416: The body in response. He is the only president in the history of the Philippines not to declare his assets and liabilities . Duterte's popularity and domestic approval rating remained relatively high throughout his presidency and by the end of his term, he was the most popular post-People Power Revolution president. Rodrigo Roa Duterte was born on March 28, 1945, in Maasin , Southern Leyte. His father

5005-404: The city government; this was later copied by other cities in other parts of the Philippines. In December 1990, Duterte joined the Nacionalista Party upon the persuasion of Senator Juan Ponce Enrile . In 1992, he successfully defended his seat from 1st district representative Prospero Nograles . In 1995, after Flor Contemplacion , a Filipina, was executed in Singapore after confessing to

5096-408: The country, and has reached out to China and Russia to improve relations. He launched tirades against international critics, particularly, United States President Barack Obama , the US government, the United Nations , and the European Union , which expressed condemnation to his unprecedented war on drugs that led to the deaths of about 3,300 people, half of which were killed by unknown assailants, and

5187-504: The country. Duterte reformed the country's tax system in an effort to make the country's tax system fairer, simpler, and more efficient. In December 2017, he signed Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law (TRAIN Law) which excludes those earning an annual taxable income of ₱ 250,000 and below from paying the personal income tax, while raising higher excise taxes on vehicles, sugar-sweetened beverages, petroleum products, tobacco and other non-essential goods. Revenues collected from

5278-432: The endorsement of the influential Iglesia ni Cristo , known for its block-voting . Duterte was inaugurated as the sixteenth president of the Philippines on June 30, 2016, succeeding Benigno Aquino III . At age 71, Duterte became the oldest person elected to the presidency, the first local chief executive to get elected straight to the Office of the President, the second Cebuano president (after Sergio Osmeña ), and

5369-414: The extrajudicial killings done during his time as mayor. In September 2014, Duterte and former mayors and governors, calling themselves the Mindanao Council of Leaders, advocated for a federalist government. A month later, Duterte attended an event sponsored by the Federal Movement for a Better Philippines in Cebu City . In December 2014, Duterte held a summit entitled "Mindanaons Forging Unity Toward

5460-409: The first Visayan president from Mindanao . Shortly after his inauguration, Duterte held his first Cabinet meeting to lay out their first agenda, which included the country's disaster risk reduction management, decongesting Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Manila; he also expressed his ideas and concerns regarding the territorial disputes in the South China Sea prior to the announcement of

5551-499: The first president of the largest regional legal association in the world, the Association of Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN) Law Association, when it was founded in 1980. On May 17, 2017, President Rodrigo Duterte appointed Angara as the special envoy of the Philippines to the European Union . Edgardo Angara was born on September 24, 1934, in Baler , then part of the sub-province of Aurora in Tayabas (now Quezon), to Juan Angara and Juana Javier. He earned his law degree from

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5642-898: The following months leading to October, however, Duterte repeatedly declined his supporters' clamors for him to run as president because of what he described as a "flawed government system", as well as lack of funds and opposition from his family members—notably, from his daughter Sara . Additionally, Duterte said he will retire from politics after his mayorship ends, but only if Sara runs as mayor. In an unforeseen development, PDP-Laban standard bearer Martin Diño withdrew his candidacy on October 29 and named Duterte as his substitute. A month later, Duterte formally announced his presidential bid and accepted Alan Peter Cayetano 's offer to be his running mate; Duterte also named Sara as his substitute for Mayor of Davao City. During his campaign, Duterte gained distinction for his emphatic anti-crime message and push to reduce " Imperial Manila 's" dominance. At

5733-467: The government required what he describes as an "audacious" economic strategy in order for the Philippines to "catch up with its more vibrant neighbors" by 2022 and help it achieve high-income economy status within a generation. The term DuterteNomics was coined to describe the economic policy of the Duterte administration. Duterte initiated liberal economic reforms to attract foreign investors. In March 2022, he signed Republic Act No. 11647 which amended

5824-484: The impeachment trial of the Senate of then Chief Justice Renato Corona and was one of the 20 Senator-Judges that voted to convict him of the impeachment charges exhibited by the House of Representatives and remove him from public office. On October 3, 2012, he announced his candidacy for governor of Aurora in the 2013 Philippine election , but he withdrew and was replaced by his younger brother, Baler Mayor Arthur Angara . On June 30, 2013, Angara's fourth term in

5915-403: The incident. He added that "the bullet hit the school's wooden floor and was embedded there." Amansec emphasized that Duterte and Goco remained friends until Goco died in the United States years later. After the 1986 People Power Revolution that toppled the regime of President Ferdinand Marcos , Duterte was appointed officer-in-charge vice mayor of Davao City by President Corazon Aquino . In

6006-523: The initials DU30 and PRRD , is a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the 16th president of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022. He is the chairperson of Partido Demokratiko Pilipino (formerly PDP–Laban), the ruling political party in the Philippines during his presidency. Duterte is the first president of the Philippines to be from Mindanao , and is the oldest person to assume office, beginning his term at age 71. Born in Maasin , Leyte (now in Southern Leyte ), Duterte moved to Davao as

6097-399: The law students' sector, the Chairman and regular members of the Board must be natural-born citizen of the Philippines and members of the Philippine Bar, who have been engaged for at least ten years in the practice of law, as well as in the teaching of law in a duly authorized or recognized law school. The Philippine Law School Admission Test, or more popularly known by its acronym PhiLSAT, is

6188-399: The once crime-ridden city became peaceful and investor-friendly. Duterte's 2016 presidential campaign led to his election victory . During his presidency , his domestic policy focused on combating the illegal drug trade by initiating the controversial war on drugs , fighting crime and corruption , and intensified efforts against terrorism and communist insurgency . He launched

6279-405: The other hand, was proclaimed as the vice president-elect of the Philippines with 14,418,817 votes, narrowly defeating Senator Bongbong Marcos by 263,473 votes. Duterte's election victory was attributed to growing public dissatisfaction on the perceived failures of administrations that followed the 1986 EDSA Revolution . It was also aided by a strong social media and grassroots fanbase and

6370-511: The presidential race, Angara placed second in a field of nine candidates, losing to Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino . Arroyo won 12.6 million votes compared to Angara's 5.6 million. Upon the inauguration of Estrada as president on June 30, 1998, Angara was named by him to be the chairman of the board of directors of the Philippine National Bank , then a government-owned bank. During his tenure, major policy reforms as well as innovations were introduced by him at

6461-416: The private sector for additional funding. The administration revised its list of Infrastructure Flagship Projects (IFPs) under the Build, Build, Build program from 75 to 100 in November 2019, then to 104, and finally, to 112 in 2020, expanding its scope to include health, information and communications technology, and water infrastructure projects to support the country's economic growth and recovery from

6552-829: The provincial governor of (the then-undivided) Davao province . Rodrigo's cousin Ronald was mayor of Cebu City from 1983 to 1986. Ronald's father, Ramon Duterte, also held that position from 1957 to 1959. The Dutertes consider the Cebu-based political families of the Durano and the Almendras clan as relatives. Duterte also has relatives from the Roa clan in Leyte through his mother's side. Duterte's family lived in Maasin, and in his father's hometown in Danao, until he

6643-506: The revocation of TRAIN. However, proponents of the program cite its appeal to foreign investors and economic benefits as the main reasons behind tax reform. To reduce poverty, encourage economic growth, and reduce congestion in Metro Manila , the Duterte administration launched its comprehensive infrastructure program, Build, Build, Build , on April 18, 2017. The program, which forms part of

6734-405: The said bank. In 1999, Angara was appointed Secretary of Agriculture by Estrada. During his term as secretary (1999–2001), he had the opportunity to implement his own creation, AFMA. He oversaw an improvement of food production programs and support services that led to a bigger harvest of rice, a development that underscored the drive to attain food security. Overall, the agricultural sector saw

6825-484: The same time, he made controversial remarks, including promising to kill tens of thousands of criminals and eradicate crime in six months. He also said his presidency would be "a bloody one", and that he would pardon himself, the police, and soldiers accused of human rights abuses at the end of his six-year term. Duterte also apologized after saying out of anger when recalling the events that he "should have been first" to rape Jacqueline Hamill, an Australian missionary who

6916-489: The six presidents since the Marcos dictatorship. In December 2016, Duterte was ranked 70th on Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People . Duterte's socioeconomic policies, referred to as DuterteNomics , include tax reform, infrastructure development, social protection programs, and other policies to promote economic growth and human development in the country. Finance Secretary Carlos Dominguez III has said that

7007-476: The third Friday of August a special holiday in Davao City. He expressed disinterest with his new post, describing it as less engaging compared to his time as mayor. He attempted to resign in 1999 after his son Paolo was accused of mauling a hotel guard, but both House Speaker Manny Villar and President Joseph Estrada declined his resignation. In 2001, he ran again for mayor of Davao against his former ally, Mayor Benjamin de Guzman. He won against de Guzman and

7098-728: The verdict of the Philippines' arbitration case against China over the issue, which the Philippines later won. On July 4, he issued his first executive order , allowing his Cabinet Secretary to supervise over several agencies that focus on poverty reduction . He called for the reimposition of capital punishment in the country to execute criminals involved in "heinous" crimes, such as illegal drug trade , insisting on hanging . During his first 100 days in office, Duterte issued an executive order on freedom of information , launched an intensified campaign against illegal drugs , sought to resume peace talks with communist insurgents , formulated

7189-416: The world according to crowdsourced survey site Numbeo , a narrative that gained currency in the national media, creating a widespread public perception that has been a significant factor in establishing support for his nationwide drug policy . The city was also awarded "Most Child-Friendly City for Highly-Urbanized Category" in 1998, 1999, 2013 and 2014. Under Duterte's watch, the city council imposed

7280-481: Was Vicente Gonzales Duterte (1911–1968), a Cebuano lawyer, and his mother, Soledad Gonzales Roa (1916–2012), was a schoolteacher from Cabadbaran , Agusan and a civic leader of Maranao descent. Duterte has said that his grandfather was Chinese and hailed from Xiamen in Fujian , China. Duterte has four siblings: Eleanor, Jocelyn, Emmanuel and Benjamin. Duterte's father was mayor of Danao, Cebu , and subsequently

7371-490: Was gang-raped and killed during the 1989 Davao hostage crisis . After the United States' and Australia's ambassadors to the Philippines criticized him for the rape comments, Duterte threatened to sever diplomatic ties with the countries if elected. Duterte campaigned for decentralization and a shift to a federal government during the 2016 presidential election. In an October 2014 forum organized by Federal Movement for

7462-515: Was sexually abused by a priest when he was a minor. After he was challenged by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and AdDU officials to name the priest and file a case against him, Duterte then revealed the priest's name as Mark Falvey (d. 1975). The Jesuits of the Society of Jesus in the Philippines confirmed that according to press reports in the United States, in May 2007,

7553-414: Was also given to Bohol and Cebu for earthquake victims . Duterte also passed Davao City's Women Development Code, which aims "to uphold the rights of women and the belief in their worth and dignity as human beings". Duterte banned swimsuit competitions in beauty pageants in Davao City. He gained prominence for supporting the first-ever Gawad Kalinga Village inside a jail facility in Davao City. It

7644-658: Was contacted by a restaurant owner in Davao City after a local tourist refused to comply with the city's public anti-smoking ordinance. The then-mayor went to the restaurant and had the tourist choose to be shot at his crotch, have himself imprisoned, or swallow his cigarette butt; the tourist chose the latter and apologized to Duterte. Duterte was then met with criticisms especially from the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) . Duterte has been linked by human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch to extrajudicial killings of over 1,400 alleged criminals and street children by vigilante death squads . In

7735-500: Was dramatized in the episode of ABS-CBN's drama anthology series, Maalaala Mo Kaya , titled "Family Portrait", originally aired on February 2, 2019. He was portrayed by Christopher de Leon , with younger versions portrayed by Raikko Mateo and James Blanco. Rodrigo Duterte Rodrigo Roa Duterte KGCR ( English: / d ə ˈ t ɜːr t eɪ / , Tagalog: [ɾodˈɾiː.ɣo ˈɾoː.ɐ dʊˈtɛːɾ.tɛ] ; born March 28, 1945), also known as Digong , Rody , and by

7826-411: Was effective immediately and shall continue until further orders from the said high court. Edgardo Angara Edgardo Javier Angara ( Tagalog pronunciation: [aŋˈɡara] , September 24, 1934 – May 13, 2018) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as Senate President from 1993 to 1995. Angara had the second longest tenure in the history of the Senate, serving four terms and

7917-424: Was elected for a fourth term. He was re-elected in 2004, defeating de Guzman for the second time, and in 2007 with virtually no opposition. In 2010, he was elected vice mayor, succeeding his daughter Sara , who was elected as mayor. In 2013, Davao City sent rescue and medical teams to Tacloban to give aid to the victims of Typhoon Haiyan (locally known in the country as Typhoon Yolanda). Financial assistance

8008-501: Was first implemented in 1970; it was later reintroduced in 2017 and is given twice a year, on April and on September. In 2017, two petitions were filed before the Supreme Court : a petition challenging the constitutionality of the Legal Education Board, and the second was a petition challenging the powers of the Board to administer a standardized national test and creating such test as a requirement for law school admission. Oral arguments were held on March 5 and 12, 2019. On March 18, 2019,

8099-526: Was four years old. Duterte was heavily influenced by his mother, who unlike Vicente was a staunch anti-Marcos activist, which led the young Duterte to have a divided opinion on the Marcoses. Duterte later said Marcos could have been the best president, but unfortunately he was a dictator. The Dutertes initially moved to Mindanao in 1948 but still went back and forth to the Visayas until 1949. They finally settled in

8190-530: Was not clearly indicated in the report if Mark Falvey was assigned at the Jesuit-run Ateneo de Davao. When asked why he did not complain when the abuse supposedly happened, Duterte claimed that he was too young to complain about the priest's abuse and was intimidated by authorities at that time. He also stated that he never disclosed that information after he was expelled and moved to a different high school and especially not to his family. Duterte stated at

8281-634: Was toppled by the EDSA II Revolution on January 20. Angara remained loyal to Estrada until the end of his presidency, though he later asserted that his support for Estrada was contingent on the latter's undertaking to pass reforms. Angara successfully ran for senator in the 2001 Philippine election . He was re-elected to a fourth term in 2007, making him the longest-serving senator in the post-EDSA revolution legislature, matching Senator Lorenzo Tanada who served four consecutive terms from 1947 to 1972. Angara authored or sponsored many laws including

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