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16-595: The ancestors of the Permians originally inhabited the land called Permia covering the middle and upper Kama River . Permians split into two groups, probably during the 9th century. The Komis came under the rule of the Novgorod Republic in the 13th century and were converted to Russian Orthodoxy in the 1360s and 1370s. From 1471 to 1478, their lands were conquered by the Grand Duchy of Moscow , which would later become

32-583: A separate Komi-Permyak feudal entity in the 14th-15th centuries owing to the easing of the Novgorod Republic . The principality retained a degree of autonomy under the Muscovite rule, but was eventually absorbed into it in 1505. The principality was located in the Upper Kama area and maintained close connections with nearby Perm of Vychegda (alternatively known as Perm the Minor). Both Perm states had paid tribute to

48-432: A separate Komi-Permyak feudal entity in the 14th-15th centuries owing to the easing of the Novgorod Republic . The principality retained a degree of autonomy under the Muscovite rule, but was eventually absorbed into it in 1505. The principality was located in the Upper Kama area and maintained close connections with nearby Perm of Vychegda (alternatively known as Perm the Minor). Both Perm states had paid tribute to

64-514: The Novgorod , and Kazan . Finally in 1472 an army of vassals of Moscow with the princes Vymsky among them conquered Great Perm and captured their brother Prince Mikhail Velikopermsky. Nevertheless, the latter soon came back again from Moscow as governor and ruled his domain for life. His son Matthew Velikopermsky was finally deposed by the Grand Prince of Moscow in 1505. Up to the early 18th century,

80-409: The Novgorod , and Kazan . Finally in 1472 an army of vassals of Moscow with the princes Vymsky among them conquered Great Perm and captured their brother Prince Mikhail Velikopermsky. Nevertheless, the latter soon came back again from Moscow as governor and ruled his domain for life. His son Matthew Velikopermsky was finally deposed by the Grand Prince of Moscow in 1505. Up to the early 18th century,

96-496: The Novgorod Republic since the 9th or 10th centuries. Perm of Vychegda was Christianised by Stephen of Perm in the fourteenth century and subsequently subdued by Muscovy . In 1451 a House of Princes of Perm gained control of both territories as vassals of Moscow, with the titles of princes Vymsky , and princes Velikopermsky . In fact even though having been Christianised soon after Perm of Vychegda , Great Perm enjoyed greater independence, positioned between three powers: Moscow,

112-496: The Novgorod Republic since the 9th or 10th centuries. Perm of Vychegda was Christianised by Stephen of Perm in the fourteenth century and subsequently subdued by Muscovy . In 1451 a House of Princes of Perm gained control of both territories as vassals of Moscow, with the titles of princes Vymsky , and princes Velikopermsky . In fact even though having been Christianised soon after Perm of Vychegda , Great Perm enjoyed greater independence, positioned between three powers: Moscow,

128-655: The Tsardom of Russia . In the 18th century, the Russian authorities opened the southern parts of the land to colonization and the northern parts became a place to which criminal and political prisoners were exiled. The Udmurts came under the rule of the Tatars , the Golden Horde and the Khanate of Kazan until their land was ceded to Russia, and the people were Christianized at the beginning of

144-708: The 18th century. A connection between Permians and Bjarmians , a northern people mentioned in Old Norse sources, has been suggested. Recent research on the Finno-Ugric substrate in northern Russian dialects suggests that in Bjarmaland there once lived speakers of other Finno-Ugric languages beside the Permians. Permia Great Perm ( Permyak : Ыджыт Перем Öксуму, Ydžyt Perem Öksumu ; Old Permic , 𐍨𐍓𐍖𐍨𐍢 𐍟𐍔𐍠𐍔𐍜 𐍞𐍚𐍡𐍣𐍜𐍣) or simply Perm , in Latin Permia ,

160-479: The capital of "Great Perm" in the past. Cherdyn acted as a central market town, and it is sometimes suggested that perm was simply a term for "merchants" or "market" in a local language , but there have been other suggestions. The same name is likely reflected in the toponym Bjarmaland in Norse sagas . The general region of Great Perm was known as wisu (وِيسُو wīsū ) in medieval Arab ethnography , so referred to in

176-432: The capital of "Great Perm" in the past. Cherdyn acted as a central market town, and it is sometimes suggested that perm was simply a term for "merchants" or "market" in a local language , but there have been other suggestions. The same name is likely reflected in the toponym Bjarmaland in Norse sagas . The general region of Great Perm was known as wisu (وِيسُو wīsū ) in medieval Arab ethnography , so referred to in

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192-575: The name Great Perm was officially used of the Upper Kama area, a southern part of which was governed by the Stroganov family. The name was borrowed (as the ' Permian ' period) by the nineteenth century geologist Sir Roderick Murchison to refer to rocks of a certain age, following extensive studies which he conducted in the region. Velikopermsky Great Perm ( Permyak : Ыджыт Перем Öксуму, Ydžyt Perem Öksumu ; Old Permic , 𐍨𐍓𐍖𐍨𐍢 𐍟𐍔𐍠𐍔𐍜 𐍞𐍚𐍡𐍣𐍜𐍣) or simply Perm , in Latin Permia ,

208-471: The works of Ahmad ibn Fadlan , Al-Gharnati , Zakariya al-Qazwini and Yaqut al-Hamawi (in his Dictionary of Countries ). The term is perhaps derived from the name of the Ves' people who settled around Lake Ladoga and the upper Sukhona River . The Principality of Great Perm ( Russian : Великопермское княжество , Velikopermskoye knyazhestvo ; Komi-Permyak : Ыджыт Перем öксуму, Чердін öксуму ) emerged as

224-427: The works of Ahmad ibn Fadlan , Al-Gharnati , Zakariya al-Qazwini and Yaqut al-Hamawi (in his Dictionary of Countries ). The term is perhaps derived from the name of the Ves' people who settled around Lake Ladoga and the upper Sukhona River . The Principality of Great Perm ( Russian : Великопермское княжество , Velikopermskoye knyazhestvo ; Komi-Permyak : Ыджыт Перем öксуму, Чердін öксуму ) emerged as

240-562: Was a medieval historical region in what is now the Perm Krai of the Russian Federation . Cherdyn is said to have been its capital. The origin of the name Perm is uncertain. Most common explanation derives the name "Perm" from "parma" ("forested highlands" in Komi language). While the city of Perm is a modern foundation named for Permia, the town of Cherdyn was reportedly itself known as

256-404: Was a medieval historical region in what is now the Perm Krai of the Russian Federation . Cherdyn is said to have been its capital. The origin of the name Perm is uncertain. Most common explanation derives the name "Perm" from "parma" ("forested highlands" in Komi language). While the city of Perm is a modern foundation named for Permia, the town of Cherdyn was reportedly itself known as

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