The Ottawa Rowing Club ( ORC ) is a rowing club based in the city of Ottawa , Ontario . It is the oldest continuous rowing club in Canada. It is a registered club with Rowing Canada and Row Ontario.
64-817: Members of the Ottawa Rowing Club practice on the Ottawa River , from Chaudière Falls to Lower Duck Island, passing in front of the mouths of the Rideau River and Gatineau River , and along the shore of Kettle Island. In the 1840s, rowing clubs and regattas appeared in the Upper Canada communities of Toronto, Brockville, Monkton, and Cobourg. By this time, Canadian oarsmen were competing against British and American oarsmen in regattas in Halifax, Toronto, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, and other centres. The Ottawa Rowing Club
128-423: A "new and commodious boat house" was built in preparation to the 1869 Regatta organized by the club. In 1870, the club would have ceased their activities and the ownership of the boat house was transferred "to two or three members of the late Club". Discussions on the formation of a Boat House Company were held in order to avoid selling the property and boathouse (purchase offers were made by external parties). There
192-512: A capacity of 96 MW; and Hydro-Québec operates generators 6, 7, 8, and 9 with a capacity of 89 MW. Numerous non-contiguous areas of the Ottawa River and its shores are protected in a variety of provincial parks, conservation areas, and municipal parks. In Quebec, there are 3 national parks directly along the Ottawa River ( Oka National Park , Plaisance National Park , and Opémican National Park ), as well as one major nature reserve through which
256-559: A high of 9,094 m /s (321,200 cu ft/s) in 2017. The river flows through large areas of deciduous and coniferous forest formed over thousands of years as trees recolonized the Ottawa Valley after the ice age. Generally, the coniferous forests and blueberry bogs occur on old sand plains left by retreating glaciers, or in wetter areas with clay substrate. The deciduous forests, dominated by birch, maple, beech, oak and ash occur in more mesic areas with better soil, generally around
320-410: A rowing ergometer are not good indicators of on-water performance". Some standard indoor rower ergometer tests include: 250 m ergometer test, 2000 m ergometer test, 5 km ergometer test, 16 km ergometer test and the 30-minute ergometer test. Rowing on an ergometer requires four basic phases to complete one stroke; the catch, the drive, the finish and the recovery. The catch is the initial part of
384-486: A sport, drawing a competitive environment from around the world. The term "indoor rower" also refers to a participant in this sport. Chabrias , an Athenian admiral of the 4th century BC, introduced the first rowing machines as supplemental military training devices. "To train inexperienced oarsmen, Chabrias built wooden rowing frames onshore where beginners could learn technique and timing before they went onboard ship." Early rowing machines are known to have existed from
448-525: A straw hat with the club colours and Navy Blue and Cardinal Red stripped stockings. Ottawa River The Ottawa River ( French : Rivière des Outaouais , Algonquin : Kichi-Sìbì/Kitchissippi ) is a river in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec . It is named after the Algonquin word 'to trade', as it was the major trade route of Eastern Canada at the time. For most of its length, it defines
512-399: A vertical position. The back should be roughly parallel to the thigh without hyperflexion (leaning forward too far). The arms and shoulders should be extended forward and relaxed. The arms should be level. The drive is initiated by a push and extension of the legs; the body remains in the catch posture at this point of the drive. As the legs continue to full extension, the hip angle opens and
576-439: Is a list of athletes who have rowed with (or coached/worked at) the Ottawa Rowing Club and have participated in international rowing events. The colours of the club are Navy Blue diagonal stripe with Cardinal Red background. In 1887, the club's uniform consisted of a Navy Blue jacket, trimmed with Cardinal Red, white flannel trousers, and a white guernsey, trimmed with the club colours; and a Navy Blue cap with Cardinal Red bars, or
640-691: Is characterised by the Rekers device. With this type, both the seat and the footrests are free to slide fore and aft on a rail or rails integral to a stationary frame. Therefore, during use, the seat and the footrests move relative to each other, and both also move relative to ground. Piston resistance comes from hydraulic cylinders that are attached to the handles of the rowing machine. Braked flywheel resistance models comprise magnetic , air , and water resistance rowers. Magnetic resistance models control resistance by means of permanent magnets or electromagnets . Air resistance models use vanes on
704-468: Is distinguished by the Dreissigacker/Williams mechanism. This design has the flywheel and footrests fastened to a stationary frame, and the seat can slide fore and aft on a rail or rails built into the stationary frame. Therefore, during use, the seat moves relative to the footrests and also relative to ground, while the flywheel and footrests remain stationary relative to ground. The second type
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#1732851144910768-660: Is in the Township of Whitewater Region , Ontario, protecting a series of pristine islands and a small undeveloped section of shoreline along the Ontario side of the Ottawa River. This section of the Ottawa River is known for its whitewater , and is used by a number of commercial rafting companies and many recreational kayakers and canoeists. The park is a non-operating park, meaning that there are no services and facilities for visitors. The park can be used for backcountry camping, whitewater canoeing, swimming, hunting, and fishing. Some of
832-413: Is initiated by the extensions of the arms until fully extended in front of the body. The torso is then engaged by pivoting at the hips to move the torso in front of the hips. Weight transfers from the back of the seat to the front of the seat at this time. When the hands come over the knees, the legs are bent at the knees, moving the slide towards the front of the machine. As the back becomes more parallel to
896-489: Is no record of the club from 1871 to 1874, until 25 June 1875 where the club would have been re-introduced with approximately 100 members. In 1884 and 1885, the club house suffered damages when it sank. Members of the club, led by P. D. Ross , discussed building a permanent foundation for the boathouse in 1887. In 1891, Ross, an executive committee member of the Canadian Association of Amateur Oarsmen, declined hosting
960-609: The Concept2 "rowing ergometer" was the Model A, a fixed-frame sliding-seat design using a bicycle wheel with fins attached for air resistance. The Model B, introduced in 1986, introduced a solid cast flywheel and the first digital performance monitor, which proved revolutionary. This machine's capability of accurate calibration combined with easy transportability spawned the sport of competitive indoor rowing, and revolutionised training and selection procedures for watercraft rowing. Later models were
1024-633: The French River which later became a link in the historic canoe route to the West. As it does to this day, the river played a vital role in life of the Algonquin people , who lived throughout its watershed at contact. The river is called Kichisìpi , meaning "Great River" in Anicinàbemowin , the Algonquin language. The Algonquin define themselves in terms of their position on the river, referring to themselves as
1088-527: The Grand Challenge Cup of the Henley Royal Regatta in 1911, where they lost to Magdalen College , of Oxford in the semi-finals. The coach of the 1910 crew was Jan A. Ten Eyck who captured ten U.S. National Championships as the coach for Syracuse University. Professional hockey player Harvey Pulford joined the Ottawa Rowing Club in 1905, and there, as stroke with the junior fours and then
1152-625: The Rapide de la Veillée , the Trou , the Rapide des Deux Rivières , and the Rapide de la Roche Capitaine . (These rapids are now submerged under the reservoir of Holden Lake.) In 1800, explorer Daniel Harmon reported 14 crosses marking the deaths of voyageurs who had drowned in the dangerous waters along this section of the Ottawa. The main trading posts along the river were: Lachine , Fort Coulonge , Lac des Allumettes , Mattawa House , where west-bound canoes left
1216-611: The Rideau and Gatineau rivers. The Ottawa River drains into the Lake of Two Mountains and the St. Lawrence River at Montreal . The river is 1,271 km (790 mi) long; it drains an area of 146,300 km (56,500 sq mi), 65 per cent in Quebec and the rest in Ontario, with a mean discharge of 1,950 m /s (69,000 cu ft/s). It has a maximum depth of 90 m (300 ft) at
1280-748: The St. Lawrence River valley and Lake Champlain , had been depressed to below sea level by the glacier's weight, filled with sea water. The resulting arm of the ocean is known as the Champlain Sea . Fossil remains of marine life dating 12 to 10 thousand years ago have been found in marine clay throughout the region. Sand deposits from this era have produced vast plains, often dominated by pine forests, as well as localized areas of sand dunes, such as Westmeath and Constance Bay. Clay deposits from this period have resulted in areas of poor drainage, large swamps, and peat bogs in some ancient channels of this river. Hence,
1344-423: The C (1993) and D (2003). In 1995, Casper Rekers, a Dutch engineer, was granted a U.S. patent for a (US 5382210A) "Dynamically Balanced Rowing Simulator". This device differed from the prior art in that the flywheel and footrests are fixed to a carriage, the carriage being free to slide fore and aft on a rail or rails integral to the frame. The seat is also free to slide fore and aft on a rail or rails integral to
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#17328511449101408-530: The Carillon Reservoir and is 7,400 m (24,300 ft) wide at its widest part. The average annual mean waterflow measured at Carillon dam , near the Lake of Two Mountains, is 1,939 m /s (68,500 cu ft/s), with average annual extremes of 749 to 5,351 m /s (26,500 to 189,000 cu ft/s). Record historic levels since 1964 are a low of 467 m /s (16,500 cu ft/s) in 2010 and
1472-516: The Chaudière Falls was picturesque, the rowing conditions were difficult: vast fields of sawdust and other refuse from an immense lumber mill situated about the falls, and logs escaping from the booms. Each spring, along with the melting ice, the club house floated downstream and came aground. Every year it was brought back up near the Rideau canal. As a result of those difficult environmental conditions,
1536-473: The City of Ottawa. The second club house was built in 1987. It consists of a two-story building with four bays for shell and oar storage on the ground floor. Administrative offices, change rooms, and ergometers and weight room are located on the second floor. In 1908 two four-man crews won numerous Canadian and American championships. These two crews were joined into a new shell in 1910: the "Bagnall", christened to
1600-824: The Kinouncherpirini or Keinouch, ever inhabited the Ottawa Valley . In 1615, Samuel de Champlain and Étienne Brûlé , assisted by Algonquin guides, were the first Europeans to travel up the Ottawa River and follow the water route west along the Mattawa and French Rivers to the Great Lakes. See Canadian Canoe Routes (early) . For the following two centuries, this route was used by French fur traders , voyageurs and coureurs des bois to Canada's interior. The river posed serious hazards to these travellers. The section near Deux Rivières used to have spectacular and wild rapids, namely
1664-587: The Omàmiwinini, 'down-river people'. Although a majority of the Algonquin First Nation lives in Quebec, the entire Ottawa Valley is Algonquin traditional territory. Present settlement is a result of adaptations made as a result of settler pressures. Some early European explorers, possibly considering the Ottawa River to be more significant than the Upper St. Lawrence River, applied the name River Canada to
1728-639: The Ottawa River and the St. Lawrence River below the confluence at Montreal. As the extent of the Great Lakes became clear and the river began to be regarded as a tributary, it was variously known as the Grand River , "Great River" or Grand River of the Algonquins before the present name was settled upon. This name change resulted from the Ottawa peoples ' control of the river circa 1685. However, only one band of Ottawa,
1792-553: The Ottawa River include (in down-stream order): The Ottawa River lies in the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben , which is a Mesozoic rift valley that formed 175 million years ago. Much of the river flows through the Canadian Shield, although lower areas flow through limestone plains and glacial deposits. As the glacial ice sheet began to retreat at the end of the last ice age , the Ottawa River valley, which, along with
1856-474: The Ottawa Times in response to the complaints, and the club would 'spare no trouble in endeavouring to improve upon this, the first attempt.' The initial regattas organized by the club were mainly for professional rowers and attracted numerous crews and spectators. As an example, ten races were held at the 1869 regatta, with entrance fees per crew up to $ 10 and prizes for first place up to $ 100. A special train by
1920-478: The Physical Education Program, the Ottawa Rowing Club offered equipment and coaches. The Ottawa Rowing Club facilities includes two main buildings. The older building (est. 1896) houses members' privately owned skiff on the ground floor. The second floor is an interpretation centre that also serves as banquet facilities rented out for weddings and other conventions. The building was renovated in 1999 by
1984-523: The Saint-Lawrence and Ottawa railroad was offered for "the convenience of parties desiring to return the same evening." Barges were also provided for spectators. The original club house was a wooden building, initially built on pontoons, and moored to the shore of the Ottawa river at the foot of Parliament Hill, between the Rideau canal and the Chaudière Falls . Whilst the view from the club house over
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2048-548: The Westmeath sand dune/wetland complex, Mississippi Snye, Breckenridge Nature Reserve, Shirleys Bay, Ottawa Beach/Andrew Haydon Park, Petrie Island, the Duck Islands and Greens Creek. The Westmeath sand dune/wetland complex is significant for its relatively pristine sand dunes, few of which remain along the Ottawa River, and the many associated rare plants. Shirleys Bay has a biologically diverse shoreline alvar, as well as one of
2112-404: The arms are in full contraction with the elbows bent and hands against the chest below the nipples. The back of the rower is still maintained in an upright posture and wrists should be flat. The recovery is a slow slide back to the initial part of the stroke, it gives the rower time to recover from the previous stroke. During the recovery the actions are in reverse order of the drive. The recovery
2176-505: The association's regatta due to the bad course on the Ottawa river and unsatisfactory financial condition of the Ottawa Rowing Club. In spring 1896, the club purchase a riverfront property below John A. Macdonald's home Earnscliffe . The boathouse would be left at its current, permanent location. For six consecutive years, from 1905 to 1911, members of the club were the North American champions. The two world wars were difficult years for
2240-546: The border between these two provinces. It is a major tributary of the St. Lawrence River and the longest river in Quebec. The river rises at Lac des Outaouais, north of the Laurentian Mountains of central Quebec, and flows west to Lake Timiskaming . From there its route has been used to define the interprovincial border with Ontario. From Lake Timiskaming, the river flows southeast to Ottawa and Gatineau , where it tumbles over Chaudière Falls and further takes in
2304-512: The boundary with the La Varendrye Park. These primeval forests were occasionally affected by natural fire, mostly started by lightning, which led to increased reproduction by pine and oak, as well as fire barrens and their associated species. The vast areas of pine were exploited by early loggers. Later generations of logging removed hemlock for use in tanning leather, leaving a permanent deficit of hemlock in most forests. Associated with
2368-400: The broad rim of the flywheel. Weights hanging from the strap ensured that an adjustable and predictable friction could be calculated. The first air resistance ergometers were introduced around 1980 by Repco . In 1981, Peter and Richard Dreissigacker, and Jonathan Williams, filed for U.S. patent protection, as joint inventors of a "Stationary Rowing Unit". The first commercial embodiment of
2432-615: The cardiovascular systems with typical workouts consisting of steady pieces of 20–40 minutes. The standard measurement of speed on an ergometer is generally known as the "split", or the amount of time in minutes and seconds required to travel 500 metres (1,600 ft) at the current pace. Other standard measurement units on the indoor rowing machine include calories and watts . Although ergometer tests are used by rowing coaches to evaluate rowers and are part of athlete selection for many senior and junior national rowing teams, data suggests that "physiological and performance tests performed on
2496-474: The club, with fourteen members losing their lives while serving during World War I , and with the boathouse showing signs of deterioration due to neglect. During the Depression years, P.D. Ross, former editor of the defunct Ottawa Journal , was president of the club. He infuriated his reporters by paying them small salaries while openly spending into equipment and upkeep for the rowing club. The 1950s and 1960s
2560-498: The distribution of forests and wetlands is very much a product of these past glacial events. Large deposits of a material commonly known as Leda clay also formed. These deposits become highly unstable after heavy rains. Numerous landslides have occurred as a result. The former site of the town of Lemieux, Ontario collapsed into the South Nation River in 1993. The town's residents had previously been relocated because of
2624-509: The dominant plant species in them: Scirpus , Eleocharis , Sparganium and Typha . Which type occurs in a particular location depends upon factors such as substrate type, water depth, ice-scour and fertility. Inland, and mostly south of the river, older river channels, which date back to the end of the ice age, and no longer have flowing water, have sometimes filled with a different wetland type, peat bog. Examples include Mer Bleue and Alfred Bog. Major tributaries include: Communities along
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2688-407: The flywheel to provide the flywheel braking needed to generate resistance. Water resistance models consist of a paddle revolving in an enclosed tank of water. Dual Resistance Rower is a professional fitness equipment with fan and magnetic brake resistance for a variety of intensity levels from warm-ups to HIIT intervals. Sometimes, slides are placed underneath the machine, which allows
2752-427: The frame. Modern indoor rowers have their resistance provided by a flywheel . Indoor rowers that use flywheel resistance are classified into two motion types. In both models, the user's rowing movement causes the footrests and seat to move farther and closer apart in accordance with the user's stroke. The difference between the two types is that the footrests move or do not move relative to the ground. The first type
2816-400: The islands included in the park are Big, Butternut, Cedar, Hazelton, and Lorne Islands, in addition to many unnamed islands. They consists of marble bedrock or low-lying alluvial sands and silts. A total of sixteen regionally significant plant species, such as little bluestem ( Andropogon scoparius ), cordgrass ( Spartina pectinata ) and Indiangrass ( Sorghastrum nutans ) have been found in
2880-444: The largest silver maple swamps along the river. Like all wetlands, these depend upon the seasonal fluctuations in the water level. High water levels help create and maintain silver maple swamps, while low water periods allow many rare wetland plants to grow on the emerged sand and clay flats. There are five principal wetland vegetation types. One is swamp, mostly silver maple. There are four herbaceous vegetation types, named for
2944-453: The logging and early settlement were vast wild fires which not only removed the forests, but led to soil erosion. Consequently, nearly all the forests show varying degrees of human disturbance. Tracts of older forest are uncommon, and hence they are considered of considerable importance for conservation. The Ottawa River has large areas of wetlands. Some of the more biologically important wetland areas include (going downstream from Pembroke),
3008-509: The machine to move back and forth smoothly as if there were water beneath the rower. The slides can be connected in rows or columns so that rowers are forced to move together on the ergometer, similarly to the way they would match up their rhythm in a boat. Indoor rowers usually also display estimates of rowing boat speed and energy used by the athlete. Rowing is an example of a method of aerobic exercise , which has been observed to improve athletes' VO 2 peak. Indoor rowing primarily works
3072-592: The mid-1800s, a US patent being issued to W.B. Curtis in 1872 for a particular hydraulic-based damper design. Machines using linear pneumatic resistance were common around 1900—one of the most popular was the Narragansett hydraulic rower, manufactured in Rhode Island from around 1900–1960. In the 1970s, the Gjessing-Nilson ergometer from Norway used a friction brake mechanism with industrial strapping applied over
3136-597: The name of the person who provided the funds to purchase the boat. The eight won the 1910 Royal Canadian Henley Regatta and was the first holder of the Ned Hanlan Memorial Trophy. Within 24 hours of the victory, Ottawans raised funds to bring the crew to the National Association Regatta in Washington, D.C., where the Ottawa crew won again. The eight crew, but also a four-man crew, later competed at
3200-478: The park, as well as the nationally significant lake cress ( Rorippa aquatica ). Indoor rower An indoor rower , or rowing machine , is a machine used to simulate the action of watercraft rowing for the purpose of exercise or training for rowing . Modern indoor rowers are often known as ergometers (colloquially erg or ergo ) because they measure work performed by the rower (which can be measured in ergs ). Indoor rowing has become established as
3264-662: The permanent closure of the club was being debated. Volunteers, such as Peter King, supported the development of rowing in Ottawa in the 1970s. The rowing boom resulted in two new clubs (that do not exist anymore): the Nepean Rowing Club and the Ottawa Carleton Rowing School. With close to 1,000 members, the Ottawa Rowing Club is today one of the largest clubs in Canada. In 1949, when the University of Ottawa created
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#17328511449103328-466: The river and Fort Témiscamingue . From Lake Timiskaming a portage led north to the Abitibi River and James Bay. In the early 19th century, the Ottawa River and its tributaries were used to gain access to large virgin forests of white pine . A booming trade in timber developed, and large rafts of logs were floated down the river. A scattering of small subsistence farming communities developed along
3392-537: The river runs ( La Vérendrye Wildlife Reserve ). Several ZECs ( zone d'exploitation contrôlée ) also line the Ottawa River. Ontario has 7 provincial parks along the banks of the Ottawa River: Voyageur Provincial Park , Fitzroy Provincial Park , Ottawa River Provincial Park, Westmeath Provincial Park , Petawawa Terrace Provincial Park , Driftwood Provincial Park , and Alexander Lake Forest Provincial Park ). The Ottawa River Provincial Park
3456-445: The river. In 1950, the dam at Rapides-des-Joachims was built, forming Holden Lake behind it and thereby submerging the rapids and portages at Deux Rivières. These hydro dams have had negative effects upon shoreline and wetland ecosystems, and are thought to also be responsible for the near extermination of American eels , which were once an abundant species in the river, but which are now uncommon. As an economic route, its importance
3520-410: The rower engages the core to begin the motion of the body levering backward, adding to the work of the legs. When the legs are fully extended, the rower begins to pull the handle toward the chest with their arms, completing the stroke with the handle half way up the body and the forearms parallel to the ground. The legs are at full extension and flat. The shoulders are slightly behind the pelvis, and
3584-419: The senior eights, he brought first-place honours to the club at various regattas. In 1909, the Canadian Association of Amateur Oarsmen reinstated him after he had played professional hockey, despite being ineligible to compete as an amateur because he had played professional hockey. He was a member of the 1910 Ottawa Rowing Club eight, and later served as president of the club until his resignation in 1936. Below
3648-780: The shores of the river to provide manpower for the lumber camps in winter. In 1832, following the War of 1812 , the Ottawa River gained strategic importance when the Carillon Canal was completed. Together with the Rideau Canal , the Carillon Canal was constructed to provide an alternate military supply route to Kingston and Lake Ontario , bypassing the route along the Saint Lawrence River . A pulp and paper mill (at Témiscaming ) and several hydroelectric dams have been constructed on
3712-558: The showcase first event — a four-mile, open boat sailing race — local businessmen Edward McGillivray in Who's Ahead and club secretary R.H. Haycock in Undine were even in the final stretch before Who's Ahead answered its own question, winning by 'about three lengths.' Despite the dramatic finish in the first of seven races, spectators grumbled that the regatta overall was a bore, with long delays between races. But 'the start has been made,' Haycock wrote to
3776-410: The stroke. The drive is where the power from the rower is generated while the finish is the final part of the stroke. Then, the recovery is the initial phase to begin taking a new stroke. The phases repeat until a time duration or a distance is completed. At each stage of the stroke the back should remain in a neutral, flat position, pivoting at the hips to avoid injury. Knees are bent with the shins in
3840-676: The suspected instability of the earth in that location. As the land gradually rose again the sea coast retreated and the fresh water courses of today took shape. Following the demise of the Champlain Sea the Ottawa River Valley continued to drain the waters of the emerging Upper Great Lakes basin through Lake Nipissing and the Mattawa River . Owing to the ongoing uplift of the land, the eastward flow became blocked around 4000 years ago. Thereafter Lake Nipissing drained westward, through
3904-587: The thighs, the recovery is completed when the shins are perpendicular to the ground. At this point the recovery transitions to the catch for the next stroke. The first indoor rowing competition was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts , in February 1982 with participation of 96 on-water rowers who called themselves the "Charles River Association of Sculling Has-Beens", hence the acronym, "CRASH-B". The core events for indoor rowing competitions that are currently competed in at
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#17328511449103968-414: Was a period of decline for the Ottawa Rowing Club. After seizing the club due to financial constraints, in 1967 the City of Ottawa agreed to restore the part of the old boathouse which still exists today, but decided to demolish the other half of the building due to its poor condition. The demolished portion of the building stored boats and included a ballroom. In that year, the club only had nine members, and
4032-629: Was eclipsed by railroad and highways in the 20th century. It is no longer used for log driving, however, it is still extensively used for recreational boating. Some 20,000 pleasure boaters visit the Carillon Canal annually. Today, Outaouais Herald Emeritus at the Canadian Heraldic Authority is named after the river. Hydroelectric installations on the Upper Ottawa (in downstream order): Lower Ottawa (in downstream order): * Ontario Power Generation operates generators 2, 3, 4, and 5 with
4096-465: Was founded on June 6, 1867. John A. Macdonald was its inaugural president. The club's first regatta, on September 26, 1867, was described as follows: 'Throughout the afternoon crowds of people lined the river banks to witness the sport, while the bosom of the river literally swarmed with all sorts of sailing craft, from the tiniest little shell up to the stateliest steamboat.' The event attracted competitors from Toronto, Hamilton and Quebec City, but in
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