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63-450: Orville Clarence Redenbacher (July 16, 1907 – September 19, 1995) was an American food scientist and businessman most often associated with the brand of popcorn that bears his name which is now owned by Conagra Brands . The New York Times described him as "the agricultural visionary who all but single-handedly revolutionized the American popcorn industry". Orville Clarence Redenbacher
126-551: A Theater Near You , the predecessor to Sneak Previews , is included in the 2009 documentary film, For the Love of Movies: The Story of American Film Criticism . In the film, he is seen debating with Ebert over the merits of the film version of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest . Gene Siskel had an abrasive review style, and claimed his film criticism was an individual exercise that should not be swayed by public taste. In an interview for
189-533: A Time in America , The Last Temptation of Christ , Hearts of Darkness , and The Ice Storm . Six times, Ebert's top selection did not appear on Siskel's; these films were 3 Women , An Unmarried Woman , Apocalypse Now , Sophie's Choice , Mississippi Burning , and Dark City . In 1980, Siskel married Marlene Iglitzen, who was then a producer for CBS in New York. They had two daughters, Kate and Callie, and
252-473: A brief impromptu tribute to Siskel: I want to take a moment to acknowledge someone we lost too recently to include in our film tribute. He wasn't a filmmaker, but he definitely was a member of our film community. Now he clobbered some of us with a great big stick and sometimes he touched us with a velvet glove. I'm talking about Gene Siskel. He was a critic but more importantly, he really loved movies, so, Gene, wherever you are, honey, here's to you. She included
315-660: A career in food science are: Food science/technology (66%), biological sciences (12%), business/marketing (10%), nutrition (9%) and chemistry (8%). Careers available to food scientists include food technologists, research and development (R&D), quality control, flavor chemistry, laboratory director, food analytical chemist and technical sales. The five most common positions for food scientists are food scientist/technologist (19%), product developer (12%), quality assurance/control director (8%), other R&D/scientific/technical (7%), and director of research (5%). The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
378-516: A critic, Siskel was passionate and exacting. I think it was important to Gene that this was the only serious film criticism on television. That made him proud. We had a lot of big fights. We were people who came together one day a week and, the other six days, we were competitors on two daily newspapers and two different television stations. So there was a lot of competition and a lot of disagreement. Ebert once said of his relationship with Siskel: Gene Siskel and I were like tuning forks. Strike one, and
441-422: A hybrid they named "RedBow". An advertising agency advised them to use Orville Redenbacher's own name as the brand name. They launched their popping corn in 1970. In 1976, Redenbacher sold the company to Hunt - Wesson Foods, a division of Norton Simon, Inc. In 1983, Esmark purchased Norton Simon, which in turn was acquired by Beatrice Foods in 1984. In 1985, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts acquired Beatrice with
504-641: A nationwide audience in 1977 when WTTW offered it as a series to the PBS program system. Siskel and Ebert left WTTW and PBS in 1982 for syndication . Their new show, At the Movies , was produced and distributed by Tribune Broadcasting , the parent company of the Chicago Tribune and WGN-TV . Sneak Previews continued on PBS for 14 more years with other hosts until its cancellation in 1996. In 1986, Siskel and Ebert left Tribune Broadcasting to have their show produced by
567-472: A negative review to in 1990 but later gave a glowing positive review in 1994, stating, "I wasn't sure what I missed the first time around, but it just didn't click." Siskel said that he walked out on three films during his professional career: the 1971 comedy The Million Dollar Duck starring Dean Jones , the 1980 horror film Maniac , and the 1996 Penelope Spheeris film Black Sheep . When he mentioned walking out on Black Sheep in 1996, he said it
630-542: A piece of toast on which jam was spread in the shape of a swastika. Siskel graduated from Yale University with a degree in philosophy in 1967. While at Yale, Siskel was classmates with poet Paul Monette and future New York Governor George Pataki . Siskel studied writing under Pulitzer Prize -winning author John Hersey , whose reference would later help Siskel get a job at the Chicago Tribune in 1969. Siskel's first print review, written one month before he became
693-455: A real contribution." In 1988, Purdue University awarded him an honorary doctorate. Aside from his contributions to the popcorn industry, he is noteworthy for his appearances on television, and in particular, his charismatic image in commercials. Since 2006, several of Orville's commercials from the 1970s and 1980s have aired on many channels across the United States. The advertisements for
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#1732859156422756-469: A son, Will. Their daughters graduated from Siskel's alma mater, Yale University. He is the uncle of Ed Siskel , a lawyer and current White House Counsel under U.S. President Joe Biden . Siskel was diagnosed with a malignant, terminal brain tumor on May 8, 1998. He underwent brain surgery three days later. For a few weeks during his recovery, he participated on Siskel & Ebert by telephone, calling in from his hospital bed while Ebert appeared in
819-472: A thumbs sideways ratings, and goads the two men into an argument about whether or not that would be acceptable, as Ebert likes the idea, but Siskel does not. The two were also seen that same year in the show's celebrity version of " Monster in the Mirror ". In 1993, Siskel appeared as himself in an episode of The Larry Sanders Show entitled "Off Camera". Entertainment Weekly chose his performance as one of
882-400: A truly great movie made you so happy that you'd tell me a week later your spirits were still high." Some of Siskel's most treasured movies included My Dinner with Andre (1981), Shoah (1985), Fargo (1996), and the documentary Hoop Dreams (1994). One of Siskel's favorite films was Saturday Night Fever ; he even bought the famous white disco suit that John Travolta wore in
945-408: Is an academic topic so most food science books are textbooks. Gene Siskel Eugene Kal Siskel (January 26, 1946 – February 20, 1999) was an American film critic and journalist for the Chicago Tribune who co-hosted movie review television series alongside colleague Roger Ebert . Siskel started writing for the Chicago Tribune in 1969, becoming its film critic soon after. In 1975, he
1008-493: Is believed to be another step towards a better understanding of the development and application of technology and food. Moreover, the study of foodomics leads to other omics sub-disciplines, including nutrigenomics which is the integration of the study of nutrition, genes, and omics. Molecular gastronomy is a subdiscipline of food science that seeks to investigate the physical and chemical transformations of ingredients that occur in cooking. Its program includes three axes, as cooking
1071-607: Is equal to the assignment. I look forward to seeing her in her next movie." In 1975, Siskel teamed up with Ebert, film reviewer for the Chicago Sun-Times , to host a show on local Chicago PBS station WTTW which eventually became Sneak Previews . Their "thumbs-up, thumbs-down" system soon became an easily recognizable trademark, popular enough to be parodied on comedy shows such as Second City Television , In Living Color , Bizarre , and in movies such as Hollywood Shuffle and Godzilla . Sneak Previews gained
1134-452: Is so big that you can't do that." Siskel declined to comment on the new arrangement, but Ebert publicly criticized Siskel's Tribune bosses for punishing Siskel for taking their television program to a company other than Tribune Entertainment. Ebert privately suggested that Siskel join him at the Chicago Sun-Times , but Siskel remained a freelancer for the Tribune until his death in 1999. He
1197-599: Is the federal government agency for scientific research in Australia . CSIRO maintains more than 50 sites across Australia and biological control research stations in France and Mexico. It has nearly 6,500 employees. The Korean Society of Food Science and Technology, or KoSFoST, claims to be the first society in South Korea for food science. In the United States, food science is typically studied at land-grant universities . Some of
1260-546: Is the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the application of physicochemical techniques and instrumentation for the study and analysis of foods. Food engineering is the industrial processes used to manufacture food . It involves coming up with novel approaches for manufacturing, packaging, delivering, ensuring quality, ensuring safety, and devising techniques to transform raw ingredients into wholesome food options. Food microbiology
1323-420: Is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food , including the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage. "Good" bacteria, however, such as probiotics , are becoming increasingly important in food science. In addition, microorganisms are essential for the production of foods such as cheese , yogurt , bread , beer , wine and, other fermented foods . Food technology
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#17328591564221386-437: Is the technological aspect. Early scientific research into food technology concentrated on food preservation. Nicolas Appert's development in 1810 of the canning process was a decisive event. The process was not called canning then and Appert did not really know the principle on which his process worked, but canning has had a major impact on food preservation techniques. In 2009, Foodomics was defined as "a discipline that studies
1449-531: The Chicago Tribune announced that Siskel was no longer the paper's film critic, and that his position with the paper had been shifted from that of a full-time film critic to that of a freelance contract writer who was to write about the film industry for the Sunday paper and also provide capsule film reviews for the paper's entertainment sections. The demotion occurred after Siskel and Ebert decided to shift production of their weekly movie-review show, then known as At
1512-737: The Purdue All-American Marching Band , joined the Purdue University track team, and worked at the Purdue Exponent . He graduated in 1928 with a degree in agronomy . He spent most of his life in the agriculture industry, serving as a Vigo County Farm Bureau extension agent in Terre Haute, Indiana , and at Princeton Farms in Princeton, Indiana . The New York Times described Redenbacher: "But for all his bumpkin appearance,
1575-512: The Tribune ' s film critic, was for the film Rascal . His review of the film was not favorable ("Because of the excessive gimmickry, most kids will miss the tenderness," he wrote). Prior to this, he served in the U.S. Army Reserve ; he was a military journalist and public affairs officer for the Defense Information School . For a time afterwards, he was acquainted with Playboy magazine publisher Hugh Hefner . In 1986,
1638-608: The home economics departments and used that as a base to launch the foundation of many modern food science programs. The main US organization regarding food science and food technology is the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), headquartered in Chicago, Illinois , which is the US member organisation of the International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST). Food Science
1701-449: The "SNL Film Festival" for their last appearance. In 1991, Siskel, along with Ebert, appeared in a segment on the children's television series Sesame Street entitled "Sneak Peek Previews" (a parody of Sneak Previews ). In the segment, the critics instruct the hosts Oscar the Grouch and Telly Monster on how their thumbs up/thumbs down rating system works. Oscar asks if there could be
1764-457: The Academy of Television and Radio, his TV co-host said of him, "I think Gene felt that he had to like the whole picture to give it a thumbs up." In particular, he often gave negative reviews to films that became box office champs and went on to be considered mainstream classics: Poltergeist , Scarface , Beverly Hills Cop , The Terminator , Aliens , Predator , Indiana Jones and
1827-653: The Film Center's distinctive programming and lent the power of his position as a well-known film critic to urge public funding and audience support. In 2000, the Film Center was renamed The Gene Siskel Film Center in his honor. Only once during his long association with Ebert did Siskel ever change his vote on a movie during the review. He initially gave the film Broken Arrow a "thumbs up", but after hearing Ebert's criticism, Siskel changed his mind to "thumbs down". However, he had changed his opinions on films years after his initial reviews, as with Tremors , which he gave
1890-484: The Food and Nutrition domains through the application and integration of advanced -omics technologies to improve consumer's well-being, health, and knowledge". Foodomics requires the combination of food chemistry, biological sciences, and data analysis. Foodomics greatly helps scientists in the area of food science and nutrition to gain better access to data, which is used to analyze the effects of food on human health, etc. It
1953-600: The Last Crusade , Thelma & Louise , and Independence Day . This even extended to several films that went on to win the Oscar for Best Picture: The Silence of the Lambs and Unforgiven . Yet, Ebert also noted in a memoriam episode of Siskel and Ebert that when Siskel found a movie that he truly treasured, he embraced it as something special. Directly addressing his late colleague, Ebert said: "I know for sure that seeing
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2016-463: The Movies (later known as Siskel & Ebert ), from Tribune Entertainment to the Walt Disney Company 's Buena Vista Television unit. Editor James Squires stated on the move, "He's done a great job for us. It's a question of how much a person can do physically. We think you need to be a newspaper person first, and Gene Siskel always tried to do that. But there comes a point when a career
2079-486: The Movies (renamed Siskel & Ebert in 1987, and renamed again several times after Siskel's death). Known for their biting wit, intense professional rivalry, heated arguments, and trademark "Thumbs Up or Thumbs Down" movie ratings system, Siskel and Ebert became celebrated in American pop culture. Siskel was diagnosed with brain cancer in May 1998 but remained in the public eye as Ebert's professional partner until his death
2142-475: The Right Thing , Goodfellas , Schindler's List , Hoop Dreams , and Fargo . There would have been a tenth, but Ebert declined to rank the 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 -hour documentary Shoah as 1985's best film because he felt it was inappropriate to compare it to the rest of the year's candidates. Six times, Siskel's number one choice did not appear on Ebert's top ten list at all: Straight Time , Ragtime , Once Upon
2205-410: The brand's "natural" popcorn snacks were introduced in 2008, 13 years after Redenbacher's death, and feature a clip of him at the end. In January 2007, a television commercial featuring a digital recreation of Redenbacher appeared. Redenbacher's grandson, Gary Redenbacher, responded to questions about how he felt about the advertisement by saying: "Grandpa would go for it. He was a cutting-edge guy. This
2268-465: The company's official spokesperson, wearing a trademark outfit in public that included horn-rimmed glasses and a bow tie. Sometimes Redenbacher appeared in commercials with his grandson, Gary Redenbacher. Some customers wrote letters asking if Redenbacher was a real person, and not an actor. He responded to this by appearing on various talk shows, professing his identity. Redenbacher, in his book, states, "I want to make it clear that I am real." Redenbacher
2331-447: The country's pioneering food scientists were women who attended chemistry programs at land-grant universities which were state-run and largely under state mandates to allow for sex-blind admission. Although after graduation, they had difficulty finding jobs due to widespread sexism in the chemistry industry in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Finding conventional career paths blocked, they found alternative employment as instructors in
2394-483: The development of new food products, design of processes to produce these foods, choice of packaging materials, shelf-life studies, sensory evaluation of products using survey panels or potential consumers, as well as microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties. The Institute of Food Technologists defines food science as "the discipline in which
2457-409: The engineering, biological , and physical sciences are used to study the nature of foods , the causes of deterioration , the principles underlying food processing , and the improvement of foods for the consuming public". The textbook Food Science defines food science in simpler terms as "the application of sciences and engineering to study the physical, chemical, and biochemical nature of foods and
2520-676: The eventual replacement for Siskel, Richard Roeper . Siskel and Ebert were known for their many appearances on late-night talk shows, including appearances on The Late Show with David Letterman sixteen times and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson fifteen times. They also appeared together on The Oprah Winfrey Show , The Arsenio Hall Show , Howard Stern , The Tonight Show with Jay Leno , and Late Night with Conan O'Brien . In 1982, 1983, and 1985, Siskel, along with Ebert, appeared as themselves on Saturday Night Live . For their first two appearances, they reviewed sketches from that night's telecast and reviewed sketches from
2583-581: The fall, stating, "I'm in a hurry to get well because I don't want Roger to get more screen time than I." Siskel died at a hospital in Evanston, Illinois , on February 20, 1999, nine months after his diagnosis and surgery; he was 53 years old. His funeral was held two days later at the North Suburban Synagogue Beth El . He is interred at Westlawn Cemetery in Norridge, Illinois . Siskel
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2646-585: The film from a charity auction. Another all-time favorite was Dr. Strangelove . A favorite from childhood was Dumbo , which he often mentioned as the first film that had an influence on him. Siskel compiled "best of the year" film lists from 1969 to 1998, which helped to provide an overview of his critical preferences. His top choices were: From 1969 until his death in February 1999, he and Ebert were in agreement on nine annual top selections: Z , The Godfather , Nashville , The Right Stuff , Do
2709-467: The following year. Siskel was born in Chicago on January 26, 1946, the youngest of three children born to Ida (née Kalis) and Nathan William Siskel, who were Russian Jewish immigrants. His father died when he was four and his mother died when he was nine; thereafter, he was raised by his aunt and uncle. He attended Culver Academies , where he experienced anti-Semitism firsthand when a schoolmate gave him
2772-477: The goal of selling off businesses. In 1990, they sold the popcorn business and other old Hunt-Wesson businesses to agribusiness giant ConAgra . In 1973, Redenbacher appeared on TV's To Tell the Truth game show. By the mid-1970s, Redenbacher and Bowman had captured a third of the unpopped-popcorn market. Redenbacher then moved to Coronado, California , where he lived for the remainder of his life. He appeared as
2835-493: The great scenes in that year's television. In 1995, Siskel and Ebert guest-starred on an episode of the animated TV series The Critic entitled "Siskel & Ebert & Jay & Alice". In the episode, Siskel and Ebert split and each wants protagonist Jay Sherman, a fellow movie critic, as his new partner. The episode is a parody of the film Sleepless in Seattle . An early appearance of Siskel, taken from Opening Soon at
2898-573: The man with the signature white wavy hair and oversized bow tie was a shrewd agricultural scientist who experimented with hybrids." He began his career selling fertilizer, but spent his spare time working with popcorn. In 1951, Redenbacher and partner Charles F. Bowman bought the George F. Chester and Son seed corn plant in Boone Grove, Indiana . Naming the company "Chester Hybrids", they tried tens of thousands of hybrid strains of popcorn before settling on
2961-475: The other commented on his partner. When asked what he thought was the biggest difference between himself and Ebert, Siskel unhesitatingly replied: "I'm a better reviewer than he is", but a few moments later, he said that anyone who read an Ebert review would read "an extremely well-written review". At the 1999 Academy Awards ceremony, after its in memoriam montage of deceased stars and film contributors (which did not include Siskel), host Whoopi Goldberg gave
3024-461: The other would pick up the same frequency. When we were in a group together, we were always intensely aware of one another. Sometimes this took the form of camaraderie, sometimes shared opinions, sometimes hostility. When both men appeared together on The Late Show Starring Joan Rivers , Joan Rivers conducted a "together and separately" interview with them, which at one point had each of them wear Walkman-style headphones, playing loud music, while
3087-740: The principles of food processing". Some of the subdisciplines of food science are described below. Food chemistry is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. The biological substances include such items as meat , poultry , lettuce , beer , and milk . It is similar to biochemistry in its main components such as carbohydrates , lipids , and protein , but it also includes areas such as water, vitamins , minerals , enzymes , food additives , flavors , and colors . This discipline also encompasses how products change under certain food processing techniques and ways either to enhance or to prevent them from happening. Food physical chemistry
3150-550: The show, they reviewed At First Sight , Another Day in Paradise , The Hi-Lo Country , Playing by Heart , and The Theory of Flight . Siskel gave thumbs up to all of them, except for Playing by Heart . Following Siskel's death, Ebert continued the series with rotating guest hosts, which included Martin Scorsese , Janet Maslin , Peter Bogdanovich , Todd McCarthy , Lisa Schwarzbaum , Kenneth Turan , Elvis Mitchell , and
3213-733: The song "Microwave Popcorn" from the deluxe edition of his soundtrack album Inside (The Songs) . Food scientist Food science (or bromatology ) is the basic science and applied science of food ; its scope starts at overlap with agricultural science and nutritional science and leads through the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing , informing the development of food technology . Food science brings together multiple scientific disciplines. It incorporates concepts from fields such as chemistry , physics , physiology , microbiology , and biochemistry . Food technology incorporates concepts from chemical engineering , for example. Activities of food scientists include
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#17328591564223276-439: The studio. Siskel did not disclose the severity of his illness to anyone outside of his family; publicly, he said that the surgery removed an unspecified "growth" on his brain, and that he was recovering well. He eventually returned to the studio, but was noted to appear more lethargic and mellow than usual. On February 3, 1999, he announced that he was taking a leave of absence from the show, but that he expected to be back by
3339-422: The syndication arm of the Walt Disney Company . The new incarnation of the show was originally titled Siskel & Ebert & the Movies , but later shortened to Siskel & Ebert . At the Movies also continued for a few more years with other hosts until its cancellation in 1990. The last five movies Siskel reviewed with Ebert on the show before his death aired during the weekend of January 23–24, 1999. On
3402-634: Was a Chicago sports fan, especially of his hometown basketball team, the Chicago Bulls , and would cover locker-room celebrations for WBBM-TV news broadcasts following Bulls championships in the 1990s. Siskel was also a member of the advisory committee of the Film Center at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago , and a strong supporter of the Film Center mission. He wrote hundreds of articles applauding
3465-448: Was a way to honor his legacy." Redenbacher's business partner, Charles F. Bowman, died in 2009. On September 4, 2012, Valparaiso, Indiana , where Redenbacher resided for much of his life, unveiled a statue of him at the city's annual popcorn festival . In 2012, Redenbacher was referenced by Andy Dwyer in an episode of season 5 of Parks and Recreation . In 2022, Redenbacher was mentioned by American musical comedian Bo Burnham in
3528-482: Was born in Brazil, Indiana , on July 16, 1907, the son of Julia Magdalena Dierdorff (1874–1944) and farmer William Joseph Redenbacher (1872–1939). He grew up on his family's farm, where he sometimes sold popcorn from the back of his car. He graduated from Brazil High School in 1924 in the top 5% of his class. He attended Purdue University , where he joined the agriculture-oriented Alpha Gamma Rho fraternity, marched tuba in
3591-514: Was cremated and his ashes scattered at sea. On the September 23, 1995, edition of Siskel & Ebert , Roger Ebert eulogized Redenbacher by calling him "a man who took popcorn seriously, as seriously as we take the movies." His co-host, Gene Siskel , added that "he actually was more than just a cute, cuddly advertising figure. He actually was a scientist who came up with a new strain of popcorn that really kept that whole industry alive [...] that's
3654-474: Was married to Corinne Rosemund Strate from 1928 until her death at 62 in 1971. Later that year, he married Nina Reder, and they remained married until her death at the age of 91 in May 1991. He had two daughters, through whom he had 12 grandchildren and 10 great-grandchildren. On September 19, 1995, Redenbacher died in the hot tub of his condominium in Coronado, California . He suffered a heart attack and drowned. He
3717-537: Was paired with Roger Ebert to co-host a monthly show called Opening Soon at a Theater Near You airing locally on PBS member station WTTW . In 1978, the show, renamed Sneak Previews , was expanded to weekly episodes and aired on PBS affiliates across the United States. In 1982, Siskel and Ebert left Sneak Previews to create the syndicated show At the Movies . Following a contract dispute with Tribune Entertainment in 1986, Siskel and Ebert signed with Buena Vista Television , creating Siskel & Ebert &
3780-484: Was recognized to have three components, which are social, artistic, and technical. Quality control involves the causes, prevention, and communication dealing with food-borne illness . Quality control also ensures that the product meets specs to ensure the customer receives what they expect from the packaging to the physical properties of the product itself. Sensory analysis is the study of how consumer's senses perceive food. The five most common college degrees leading to
3843-459: Was replaced as film critic by Dave Kehr . The last review published by Siskel for the Chicago Tribune was for the film She's All That , published on January 29, 1999, in which he gave a favorable review, giving it three stars out of four and wrote that " Rachael Leigh Cook as Laney, the plain Jane object of the makeover, is forced to demonstrate the biggest emotional range as a character, and she
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#17328591564223906-628: Was the first time he walked out on a movie he was reviewing since Million Dollar Duck in 1971; he later explained that he did not include Maniac because he did not review Maniac as an assignment for his newspaper or part of his and Ebert's weekly TV reviews but only as a "Dog of the Week", a feature of the TV show in which each critic would single out the very worst movie they had seen that week. Both critics had specific sensitivities and feelings that would often vary in extremes to certain kinds of bad films. Ebert
3969-483: Was very sensitive to films about race and ethnicity; Siskel was sensitive to films about families and family relationships, and had a special hatred for films like House Arrest (1996) and Like Father Like Son (1987), both of which were about parents and their children. Following Siskel's death in 1999, Ebert wrote: Gene was a lifelong friend, and our professional competition only strengthened that bond. I can't even imagine what will it be like without him. ...As
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