94-627: The Officers Training School (OTS) was a training institute for officers of Pakistan Armed Forces , specifically for the army and the navy. It was initially established in Kohat , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , along with Pakistan Military Academy in 1948 to counter deficiency of Military Officers in the infant country. The training duration at the OTS academy at that time was 12 months where officers were allotted with PTC status (Pakistan Temporary Course) based on their age, not their performance. Officers Training School Kohat
188-707: A mutual defense pact (as would be the case through NATO membership ) with the United States , it does confer a variety of military and financial advantages that are otherwise unobtainable by non-NATO countries. There are currently 20 major non-NATO allies across four continents: 11 in Asia , 4 in Africa , 3 in South America , and 2 in Oceania . MNNA status was first created in 1987, when Congress added section 2350a — otherwise known as
282-587: A large pool of volunteers, and therefore conscription has never been brought into effect, although both the Constitution of Pakistan and supplementary legislation allow for conscription in a state of war . Accounting for 18.3% of national government expenditure in 2021, after interest payments, Pakistan's military absorbs a large part of the country's annual budget. The armed forces are generally highly approved of in Pakistani society . As of April 2021, Pakistan
376-454: A major non-NATO ally to reflect the importance of our relationship; I think it's long overdue". This relationship serves as a major upgrade for the relations between the U.S. and Qatar. It is the third country in the Gulf region to become a major non-NATO ally after Bahrain and Kuwait. In March 2022, President Joe Biden designated Colombia as an MNNA, stating: "I've said for a long time Colombia
470-472: A major non-NATO ally." In January 2023, Biggs introduced a bill to remove Pakistan's MNNA status. In May 2015, President Barack Obama declared his intention to designate Tunisia as an MNNA while hosting his Tunisian counterpart Beji Caid Essebsi at the White House . In 2019, President Donald Trump designated Brazil as an MNNA for "Brazil's recent commitments to increase defense cooperation with
564-672: A month later on June 24. Some countries might be close to a designation: Though Armenia is currently a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), which is headed by Russia , there have been calls for the country to withdraw from the alliance and realign its security needs with NATO. Several politicians and political parties have called on the Armenian government to either seek full membership in NATO or become an MNNA. The European Party of Armenia and
658-453: A tan or light olive background. Slight colour variations have been noted. Other than a greenish flight suit and a standard service dress, the Air Forces's Airman Battle Uniform (ABU) camouflage features a variation of the six-colour desert pattern. In each service's UCP, the name of the service branch, rank, and gallantry badges are worn on the chest; insignia are worn on the shoulders with
752-508: A vote, but in 2021, U.S. Representative Andy Biggs introduced H.R. 35 — another version of the legislation. In 2017, Joseph Dunford , erstwhile chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , accused Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence of having ties to terrorist groups. Reuters reported that "possible Trump administration responses being discussed include expanding U.S. drone strikes and perhaps eventually downgrading Pakistan's status as
846-588: A wide range of missile systems in its arsenal. In spite of the Pressler amendment enforced in the 1990s, the army has been focused on development of land-based weapon systems and production of military hardware. Domestic innovation resulted in the successful development of G3A3 rifles, Anza missile systems, and Al-Zarrar and Al-Khalid main battle tanks (MBTs). Since 1947, the army has waged three wars with neighboring India, and several border skirmishes with Afghanistan . Due to Pakistan's diverse geography ,
940-504: Is a keystone to our shared efforts to build a hemisphere as prosperous, secure and democratic ... Today I'm proud to announce that I intend to designate Colombia a major non-NATO ally because that's exactly what you are. A major, Major non-NATO ally." On May 23, 2024, President Joe Biden announced that Kenya would be the 20th nation granted MNNA status, in recognition of its willingness to lead an intervention in Haiti , which went into effect
1034-461: Is a natural long-term ally of the United States. Armenia must be given major non-NATO ally status of the U.S." On 3 September 2023, during an interview, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan stated that it was a strategic mistake for Armenia to solely rely on Russia to guarantee its security. Pashinyan stated, "Moscow has been unable to deliver and is in the process of winding down its role in
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#17328440809661128-558: Is based at Islamabad . The air force is commanded by the Chief of Air Staff (CAS), by statute a four-star air chief marshal, appointed by the president, with the consultation and confirmation of the prime minister. As of March 2021, Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar is the CAS. In many important events in Pakistan's history, the air force has played a pivotal, influential, and crucial role in
1222-784: Is based at the Manora Fort in Qasim Marine Base in Karachi and the Marines are under the command of the Commander Coast (COMCOAST), by statute a two-star rear-admiral. According to the ISPR, the Marines are deployed at the southeastern regions of Pakistan to avoid infiltration and undercover activities from the Indian Army. As of current appointment, Rear Admiral Bashir Ahmed is currently serving as
1316-464: Is capable of using both conventional and nuclear warheads. Future developments of Babur missiles include capability of being launched from submarines, surface ships, and a range extension to 1,000 kilometres (620 mi). An air-launched version, Ra'ad , has been successfully tested. Since the 1990s, the navy has been conducting joint naval exercises and has participated in multinational task forces such as CTF-150 and CTF-151 . Recommended by
1410-465: Is the chief of naval staff . Navy Day is celebrated on 8 September to commemorate its service in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. According to author Tariq Ali , the navy lost one-half of its force in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. The Navy heavily depended on American-built naval technology and operated a large infrastructure from 1947 to 1971. The Pressler amendment forced an embargo in
1504-492: Is to be replaced with approximately 75 K-8 Karakorum intermediate jet training aircraft. Other major developments continue to be under development by the local aerospace industries; some of its electronic systems were exhibited in IDEAS 2014 held in Karachi . Since the 1960s, the PAF has held regular combat exercises, such as Exercise Saffron Bandit and Exercise High Mark, modelled on
1598-715: The Air Force , which are backed by several paramilitary forces such as the National Guard and the Civil Armed Forces . A critical component to the armed forces' structure is the Strategic Plans Division Force , which is responsible for the maintenance and safeguarding of Pakistan's tactical and strategic nuclear weapons stockpile and assets. The President of Pakistan is the Commander-in-Chief of
1692-793: The American military. With Marines reestablished in 2004, the Universal Camouflage Pattern (UCP) uniforms are now worn by each service in respect to their colours; the flag of Pakistan patch worn on the shoulder became compulsory. In the military, the service dress , however, remains yellowish khaki for the Army; plain white service dress for the Navy (excluding the Marines). The Air Force abandoned its rank and uniform structure in 2006, and introduced its own uniform insignia which closely resembled that of
1786-470: The British Empire . Since then, they have played a decisive role in the modern history of Pakistan , most notably due to fighting major wars with India in 1947–1948 , 1965 and 1971 . The armed forces have seized control of the government on several occasions, consequently forming what analysts refer to as a deep state referred to as " The Establishment ". The need for border management led to
1880-605: The British Indian military , the Ministry of Defence (MoD) authorised the three junior commissioned officer (JCO) pay grades between the enlisted ranks and commissioned officers . The JCO grades are equivalent to the civil bureaucracy's pay scales for those who rise by promotion from among enlisted recruits. The JCO grades in the Pakistani military are a continuation of the former Viceroy of India 's commissioned pay grades during
1974-610: The British colonial period . Promotion to the JCO, however, remains a lucrative and powerful incentive for the enlisted military personnel; thus, if JCO ranks are ever phased out, it will probably be a slow process. It is estimated that approximately 60–70% of Pakistan's military personnel are deployed along the Indo-Pakistani border . In the aftermath of the United States invasion of Afghanistan , more than 150,000 personnel were shifted towards
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#17328440809662068-615: The Chinese Air Force of a light-weight multi-role combat aircraft and further avionics development of the JF-17 is ongoing at the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC). As of 2016, 70 JF-17s are operational and have replaced 50 Mirage IIIs and F-7Ps. The PAF plans to replace all F-7Ps and Mirage III/5 aircraft by 2020. The F-7PG will be replaced later, and the JF-17 fleet may eventually be expanded to 300 aircraft. Realizing
2162-609: The European Union and the United States. On 23 February 2024, Prime Minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan, confirmed that Armenia has frozen its participation in the CSTO. Pashinyan stated, "We have now in practical terms frozen our participation in this treaty" and "membership of the CSTO was under review" during a live broadcast interview. On 28 February 2024, during a speech made in the National Assembly , Pashinyan further stated that
2256-528: The General Headquarters (GHQ) in Rawalpindi . As of 2024, estimations by national and international bodies were that approximately 660,000 people were on active duty in the three main service branches, with an additional 291,000 serving in paramilitary forces and 550,000 in reserve. It is an all-volunteer military, but conscription can be enacted at the request of the president with the approval of
2350-631: The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 witnessing the secession of East Pakistan as the independent state of Bangladesh . Rising tensions with Afghanistan in the 1960s (primarily over the Durand Line dispute) and an indirect proxy war fought against the Soviet Union throughout the 1970s and 1980s in the Soviet–Afghan War with American, British and Israeli assistance led to a sharp rise in
2444-554: The JF-17 , the K-8 , and various weapons systems. As of 2021, China was the largest foreign supplier of military equipment to Pakistan in major arms. The military cooperation between the Chinese People's Liberation Army and Pakistan have accelerated the pace of joint military exercises , and their increasingly compatible weapons supply chains and network communication systems have accelerated
2538-762: The National Democratic Pole have campaigned in favor of Armenia's membership in NATO, while the Armenian National Movement Party calls for developing deeper relations with NATO. The Helsinki Citizens' Assembly presented a document of recommendations to American politician Nancy Pelosi during her visit to Yerevan in September 2022; one of the recommendations was to provide MNNA status to Armenia. Some American politicians, such as Sam Brownback , have also campaigned for Armenia to be granted MNNA status. On 21 June 2023, Brownback stated: "Armenia
2632-454: The Naval Air Arm provides fleet air defence, maritime reconnaissance, and anti-submarine warfare capability. Mirage 5 aircraft donated by the PAF are flown by the Navy, equipped with Exocet anti-ship missiles. The Navy's fleet of P-3C Orion turboprop aircraft, equipped with electronic intelligence (ELINT) systems, play a pivotal role in the Navy's gathering of intelligence. Since 2001,
2726-560: The Sam Nunn Amendment — to Title 10 of the United States Code . It stipulated that cooperative research and development agreements could be enacted with non-NATO allies by the secretary of defense with the concurrence of the secretary of state . The initial MNNAs were Australia , Egypt , Israel , Japan , and South Korea . In 1996, major non-NATO allies received additional military and financial benefits when section 2321k
2820-630: The Strategic Plans Division Force (SPD Force). Following military failures in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and Bangladesh Liberation War , federal studies on civil–military relations were held by a commission led by Hamoodur Rahman , Chief Justice of Pakistan . Recommendations of the Hamoodur Rahman Commission helped establish the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee to co-ordinate all military work and oversee joint missions and their execution during operations. The chairmanship of
2914-476: The Tribal Areas adjacent to Afghanistan. Since 2004, Pakistan's military forces have been engaged in military efforts against al-Qaeda extremists. In comparison with multinational and US forces, Pakistan's military has suffered the highest number of casualties in the war on terror, both in confrontations with al-Qaeda and during border skirmishes with the United States . After the 2008 Mumbai attacks and
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3008-483: The Turkish Army . The Army's standard UCP is based on a pixelated version of the region's arid desert patterns. The army's UCP varies depending on the type of missions and deployment it is being used for. The Navy's UCP is based on a design that incorporates sparse black and medium grey shapes on a light grey background. The Marines have a woodland pattern featuring light brown, olive green and dark blue shapes on
3102-897: The USAF Weapons School ; many authors believe the PAF is capable of mastering the methods of " toss bombing " since the 1990s. The Pakistan Navy was formed in 1947 by the Indian Muslim officers serving in the Royal Indian Navy . The prefix "Royal" was soon added but dropped in 1956 when Pakistan became an Islamic republic . Its prime responsibility is to provide protection of nation's sea ports, marine borders , approximately 1,000 km (650 mi) of coastline, and supporting national security and peacekeeping missions. With approximately 30,000 active duty personnel and commissioned warships , its operational scope has expanded to greater national and international responsibility in countering
3196-515: The United Arab Emirates , Oman , and Qatar as MNNAs. Qatar was later designated a MNNA by the Biden administration in 2022. Since 2008, Iraq and the United States have a strategic partnership that was formalized in their Strategic Framework Agreement . It covers a range of areas, including security, economics, and culture. The United States has provided military and economic aid to Iraq since
3290-631: The United Kingdom , the United States, and Israel . However, in October 2003, President George W. Bush and his Singaporean counterpart Goh Chok Tong announced their intention to conclude a major bilateral Strategic Framework Agreement for a Closer Cooperation Partnership in Defence and Security (SFA), the details of which remained secret; it was signed on July 12, 2005. The designation of certain countries as MNNAs has not been without controversy, as has been
3384-485: The United States dispatched a specialized Military Assistance Advisory Group to Pakistan to build its military; from this point onward, American military tradition and doctrine became more dominant within Pakistan's armed forces. In March 1956, the order of precedence of the Pakistani military's three formal services changed from "Navy-Army-Air Force" to "Army-Navy-Air Force". Between 1947 and 1971, Pakistan fought three direct conventional wars against India , with
3478-582: The chairman acts as principal military adviser to the prime minister in the supervision and conduct of joint warfare . After the partitioning of British India in 1947, the Pakistan Army was formed by Indian Muslim officers serving in the British Indian Army . The largest branch of the nation's military, it is a professional, volunteer fighting force, with about 560,000 active personnel and 550,000 reserves (though estimates vary widely). Although,
3572-566: The combat uniform (ACU) and the service uniform (ASU). The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) uniform was primarily based on the Royal Air Force uniform , with bluish-grey as its reporting colour markings. The Navy uniform was likewise based on the Royal Navy uniform , with predominant colours of navy blue and white. In 2003, the service uniforms for each major service branch were revised and orders were made to issue new uniforms roughly based on
3666-441: The parliament of Pakistan . The military is the sixth largest in the world and has troops deployed around the globe in military assistance and peacekeeping operations. Pakistan is the only predominantly Muslim country in which women serve as high-ranking officers and in combat roles, and a sizeable unit of female army and air force personnel has been actively involved in military operations against Taliban forces. Members of
3760-548: The 1990s, during which the navy developed air independent propulsion (AIP) technology purchased from France and built the Agosta -class submarines ; two of these (as well as one of the new frigates) were built at Pakistan's facilities in Karachi. The navy's surface fleet consists of helicopter carriers, destroyers , frigates , amphibious assault ships , patrol ships , mine-countermeasures, and miscellaneous vessels. Established in 1972,
3854-699: The 1990s. In May 2019, a bill to designate Ukraine as an MNNA was introduced into the House of Representatives. As of 2023 , these changes have not been made, despite support from the U.S. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe following the Russian invasion of Ukraine . During a 2015 summit at Camp David with members of the Gulf Cooperation Council , the Obama administration considered designating Saudi Arabia ,
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3948-588: The CAF collaborates closely with the military to provide relief and support. In times of war, the CAF falls under the direct command of the Ministry of Defence and the Pakistan Armed Forces. Estimates from 2024 place the strength of the CAF at approximately 291,000 personnel. With the exception of the Frontier Constabulary, command positions within the CAF are typically filled by officers on secondment from
4042-597: The CSTO is "a threat to the national security of Armenia". In 2014, after Russia's annexation of Crimea formally triggered the Russo-Ukrainian War , a bill was introduced to Congress to grant MNNA status to Georgia , Moldova , and Ukraine . Russia has been occupying parts of Georgia since the Russo-Georgian War in 2008, and Russian troops have also stationed in Moldova's breakaway state of Transnistria since
4136-567: The Commandant of Marines. A small number of Marine Battalions are deployed at the Sir Creek region to deter the Indian Army, and coordinated the relief efforts in the 2010 Pakistan floods . Almost an entire combat contingent of Marines were deployed in Sindh and Southern Punjab to lead the flood-relief operations in 2014. For intelligence purposes, the army immediately raised the combat battalion of
4230-405: The Constitution provides a basis for the service draft , conscription has never been imposed in Pakistan. A single command structure known as General Headquarters (GHQ) is based at Rawalpindi Cantt , adjacent to the Joint staff HQ . The army is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), by statute a four-star army general, appointed by the president with the consultation and confirmation of
4324-429: The Foreign Relations Authorization Act for FY 2003 on September 30, 2002, it required that Taiwan be "treated as though it were designated a major non-NATO ally". Despite some initial misgivings about Congress's perceived intrusion into the President's foreign affairs authority, the Bush administration subsequently submitted a letter to Congress on August 29, 2003, designating Taiwan as a de facto MNNA. Around
4418-568: The Indian Army, the Marines were decommissioned by 1974. However, Marines continued to exist in its rudimentary form until 1988 to meet fundamental security requirements of Pakistan Navy units. In 1990, the Marines were recommissioned under Commander M. Obaidullah. The Marines are the uniform service branch within the Navy whose leadership comes directly from the Navy. It shares the Navy's rank code , but conducts its combined combat training with army at Pakistan Military Academy Kakul and School of Infantry in Quetta. Its single command structure
4512-405: The JCSC is the highest military body; and its chairman serves as the principal staff officer (PSO) to the civilian prime minister, Cabinet , National Security Council (its adviser), and president . The JCSC deals with joint military planning, joint training, integrated joint logistics, and provides strategic directions for the armed forces; it periodically reviews the role, size, and condition of
4606-415: The JCSC rotates among the three main service branches, with appointment by the prime minister confirmed by the president . The chairman outranks all other four-star officers; however, he does not have operational command authority over the armed forces. In his capacity as chief military adviser, he assists the prime minister and the minister of defence in exercising their command functions. Technically,
4700-401: The Marines, from the officers of the Navy, in 1999. Major intelligence activities are gathered from the Sir Creek region by the Marines, where an entire battalion is deployed to conduct reconnaissance. The Civil Armed Forces (CAF) of Pakistan comprise several paramilitary organizations, separate and functionally distinct from the regular Pakistan Armed Forces. Operating under the purview of
4794-424: The Ministry of Interior in peacetime, the CAF shoulders the crucial responsibility of maintaining internal security. This encompasses assisting civilian law enforcement agencies in tasks like crime prevention, border control and public order maintenance. The CAF additionally plays a vital role in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations, along with tackling anti-smuggling activities. During natural disasters,
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#17328440809664888-401: The Navy engaged in a process of self-reliance and negotiated with China for assistance. This ultimately led the introduction of F-22P Zulfiquar -class frigates , which were designed and developed at the Karachi Shipyard and Engineering Works (KSEW); at this same time, the Agosta -90B submarines were also built. Pakistan's role in the War on Terror led to a rapid modernisation, which saw
4982-399: The Navy, based on Royal Marines , the Pakistan Marines were established on 1 July 1971 to undertake riverine operations in East Pakistan . The Marines saw their first combat actions in amphibious operations during the Bangladesh Liberation War , fighting against the Indian Army. Due to poor combat performance in the war, high losses and casualties, and inability to effectively counter
5076-476: The Pakistan Armed Forces and the chain of command is organized under the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (JCSC) alongside the respective Chiefs of staffs of the Army , Navy , and Air Force . All branches are systemically coordinated during joint operations and missions under the Joint Staff Headquarters (JSHQ) . Since the 1963 Sino-Pakistan Agreement , the Pakistani military has had close relations with China , working jointly to develop
5170-440: The Pakistan Armed Forces at over 20% of the annual budget of Pakistan. Elected officials and the lawmakers have been forced to come under military rule for over 30 years of Pakistan's existence. Leadership of the Pakistan Armed Forces is provided by the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (JCSC), which controls the military from the Joint staff Headquarters (JS HQ), adjacent to the Air HQ , Navy HQ , and Army General HQ (GHQ) in
5264-443: The Pakistan Army. Pakistan National Guard is a military reserve force and a component of the Pakistan Army . Functioning as a "second line of defense" alongside the Pakistan Army Reserve and the Civil Armed Forces , the National Guard's primary roles include internal security, disaster relief and wartime support for the regular army. Established on 1 January 1948, it comprises approximately 185,000 personnel with its headquarters at
5358-402: The Pakistani military hold a rank, either that of officer or enlisted , and can be promoted. The following table summarizes current Pakistani military staffing: From 1947 to the early 2000s, Pakistan's military uniforms closely resembled those of their counterparts in the British armed services . The Army uniform consisted of plain yellowish khaki , which was the standard issue as both
5452-457: The United States" after receiving a working visit from his Brazilian counterpart Jair Bolsonaro . On January 31, 2022, President Joe Biden announced that Qatar would be designated as an MNNA, citing its assistance during the United States' withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021. "This past year, our partnership with Qatar has been central to many of our most vital interests", Biden commented. "I'm notifying Congress that I will designate Qatar as
5546-408: The United States' closest allies and partners. The United States has four "foundational agreements" signed with India: the 2016 logistics agreement, the Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA) in 2018, the Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-Spatial Cooperation (BECA) in 2020, and the pre-existing General Security of Military Information Agreement signed in 2002 that
5640-424: The United States. In 1998, President Bill Clinton named Argentina as an MNNA for the "Argentine compromise and contribution to international peace and security" that was materialized in its participation in the Gulf War (Argentina was the only South American country to join the coalition's fight against Iraq ), and for its continuing support for United Nations peacekeeping missions . When Congress enacted
5734-515: The air force has been heavily dependent on U.S., Chinese, and French aircraft technology to support its growth, despite impositions of the Pressler amendment. While F-16s continue to be a backbone of the air force, the local development and quick production of the JF-17 have provided an alternative route to meet its aerial combat requirements. According to PAF accounts, the air force plans to retire several of its ageing French-licensed Mirage III and Mirage 5 fighter jets. Joint production with
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#17328440809665828-555: The air force procured at least 18 newly built F-16 C/D Block 52s under the Peace Gate-II by the United States. In 2009, the PAF enlisted two types of airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) systems aircraft: four Erieye -equipped Saab 2000s from Sweden, and a Chinese AWACS based on the Shaanxi Y-8F cargo aircraft. Four Ilyushin Il-78 aerial tankers, capable of refueling F-16, Mirage III, Mirage 5, JF-17, and FC-20 fighters, have been acquired second-hand from Ukrainian surplus stocks. The fleet of FT-5 and T-37 trainers
5922-470: The armed forces have taken control from the civilian government in various military coups —ostensibly to restore order in the country, citing corruption and gross inefficiency on the part of the civilian leadership. While many Pakistanis have supported these seizures of power, others have claimed that the rampant political instability, lawlessness and corruption in Pakistan are the direct consequence of consistent military rule . The budget allocation for
6016-632: The army has extensive combat experience in a variety of terrains. The army has maintained a strong presence in the Arab world during the Arab–Israeli Wars , aided the Coalition Forces in the first Gulf War , and played a major role in combat in the Bosnian War as well as rescuing trapped American soldiers in Mogadishu , Somalia in 1993. Recently, major joint-operations undertaken by the army include Operation Black Thunderstorm and Operation Rah-e-Nijat , against armed insurgents within Pakistan. The army has also been an active participant in UN peacekeeping missions . Brought into existence in 1947 with
6110-422: The case with Pakistan , which was designated as an MNNA by President George W. Bush in 2004. In 2017, Ted Poe ( R – TX ) and Rick Nolan ( D – MN ) from the House of Representatives introduced H.R. 3000; a bill to revoke Pakistan's position as an MNNA, citing inadequate counterterrorism efforts , the harboring of Osama bin Laden , and consistent Pakistani support for the Taliban . The bill never received
6204-400: The compulsory flag-of-Pakistan patch. Source: ISPR works, Commons As Pakistan became independent, the British military ranks and insignia were initially commissioned by the armed forces as part of a legacy of British colonialism . Within a few months of its founding in 1947, the military had inherited all professional qualifications of the British military in India. In respect to
6298-451: The creation of the National Guard and the Civil Armed Forces to deal with civil unrest in the North-West , as well as the security of border areas in Punjab and Sindh by paramilitary troops. In 2024, the Pakistan Armed Forces had approximately 660,000 active personnel, excluding 25,000+ personnel in the Strategic Plans Division Forces and 291,000 active personnel in the various paramilitary forces. The military has traditionally had
6392-429: The development of the Pakistan Armed Forces. In 1999, an extended period of intense border-skirmishing with India, the so-called Kargil War , resulted in a massive redeployment of forces in Kashmir . As of 2014, the military has been conducting counter-insurgency operations along the border areas of Afghanistan , while continuing to participate in several United Nations peacekeeping operations . Since 1957,
6486-517: The establishment of the Pakistan Air Force Academy , the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) is regarded as a "powerful defence component of the country's defence." The prefix "Royal" was added in 1947, but dropped when Pakistan became an Islamic republic in 1956. The PAF is the seventh-largest air force and the largest in the Muslim world , with about 943 combat fighter jets and over 200 trainer, transport, communication, helicopter, and force-multiplier aircraft. A single command structure Air Headquarters (AHQ)
6580-457: The first Gulf War against Iraq , and actively taken part in the Somali and Bosnian conflicts . The Pakistani military traces its roots directly back to the British Indian Army , in which many British Indian Muslims served during World War I and World War II , prior to the Partition of India in 1947. Upon Partition, military formations with a Muslim-majority (such as the Indian Army 's infantry Muslim regiments) were transferred to
6674-422: The following benefits: The House of Representatives passed the United States–Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 in December of that year. This new category would have placed Israel one notch above the MNNA classification and would have added additional support for defense and energy infrastructure, in addition to strengthened cooperation through business and academics. The bill additionally called for
6768-554: The importance of fifth generation fighter aircraft , the PAF successfully negotiated for the procurement of approximately 36 Chinese FC-20 fighter jets – a deal worth around US$ 1.4 billion, signed in 2009. It was expected that the FC-20s would be delivered in 2015. In close co-ordination with Turkish Aerospace Industries , the PAC engaged in a mid-life update (MLU) program of its F-16 A/Bs, approximately 26 of which are in service. In 2010,
6862-551: The increasing of American war reserve stock in Israel to US$ 1.8 billion. The bill did not reach a vote, and thus did not pass or become law. In 2016, the United States recognized India as a "major defense partner"; this occurred less than a month after the House of Representatives passed the India Defense Technology and Partnership Act. This allowed India to buy more advanced and sensitive technologies on par with those of
6956-478: The induction of the PNS Alamgir anti-submarine warship in 2011. The submarines remain to be backbone of the navy, which has been developing a nuclear submarine . Since 2001, media reports have been surfaced that the Navy has been seeking to enhance its strategic strike capability by developing naval variants of the nuclear cruise missile . The Babur cruise missile has a range of 700 kilometres (430 mi) and
7050-541: The integration of defense capabilities between the two sides. Both nations also cooperate on the development of their nuclear and space technology programs. Alongside this, the Pakistani military also maintains relations with the United States in history, which gave Pakistan major non-NATO ally status in 2004. As such, Pakistan procures the bulk of its military equipment from China, the United States and its own domestic suppliers . The Pakistan Armed Forces were formed in 1947, when Pakistan gained independence from
7144-611: The list. U.S.–New Zealand strategic and military cooperation suffered a setback after the breakdown of the ANZUS Treaty in 1984, triggered by disagreements over nuclear ship entry . The designation of New Zealand as an MNNA in 1997 reflected the warming of bilateral relations between the two countries. In June 2012, New Zealand signed a partnership arrangement with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), further strengthening and consolidating relations with
7238-513: The military of Pakistan is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Pakistan Armed Forces Defence industry of Pakistan The Pakistan Armed Forces ( Urdu : پاکستان مسلح افواج ; pronounced [ˈpɑːkˌɪstaːn mʊˈsəlˌle(ɦ) əfˈwɑːd͡ʒ] ) are the military forces of Pakistan . It is the world's sixth-largest military measured by active military personnel and consist of three formally uniformed services—the Army , Navy , and
7332-419: The nation's defence and national security, and promoted a sense of security in civil society. Its military significance and importance in public perception contribute to the PAF's dominance over the other major service branches. The PAF officially uses the slogan: "Second to None; fully abreast with the requisite will and mechanism to live by its standards in the coming millennium and beyond." Historically,
7426-464: The navy has emphasised its role and expanded its operational scope across the country with the establishment of Naval Strategic Forces Command , based in Islamabad . In the 1990s, the navy lost its opportunity to equip itself with latest technology and negotiated with the Royal Navy to acquire ageing Tariq -class destroyers in 1993–94, which continue to be extensively upgraded. During the same time,
7520-688: The new Dominion of Pakistan , while on an individual basis, Indian Muslims could choose to transfer their allegiance and service to the Pakistan Armed Forces (consisting of the Pakistan Army , Royal Pakistan Navy and Royal Pakistan Air Force ) or remain serving in the Indian Armed Forces of the Dominion of India . Significant figures who opted for the former included Ayub Khan (British Indian Army), Haji Mohammad Siddiq Choudri ( Royal Indian Navy ) and Asghar Khan ( Royal Indian Air Force ). Many of
7614-569: The overthrow of Saddam Hussein during the 2003 invasion of Iraq . Following the rise of the Islamic State in the mid-2010s, American troops were again deployed to Iraq in order to support the Iraqi military in their fight against the militant group. Although most American troops withdrew from Iraq in 2021 , the United States has continued to provide military and economic assistance to the Iraqi government. Countries designated as MNNAs are eligible for
7708-583: The prime minister. As of 2022, General Asim Munir was the chief of army staff. Army General Sahir Shamshad Mirza is the current Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee. The army has a wide range of corporate (e.g.: Fauji Foundation ), commercial (e.g.: Askari Bank ), and political interests, and on many occasions has seized control of the civilian government to restore order in the country. The Army Aviation Corps reportedly operates about 250 aircraft, including approximately 40 AH-1 Cobra combat helicopters. The Army Strategic Forces Command operates
7802-555: The same time as Taiwan's admission, invitations were sent to Thailand and the Philippines , both of which accepted the offer. Singapore , a long-term host of a U.S. Air Force training squadron and a major U.S. Navy non-home port, was reportedly offered a similar arrangement as the Philippines and Thailand, but turned down the offer to allay concerns of its neighbors of strong Singaporean military ties with Australia , New Zealand ,
7896-591: The senior officers who would form the Pakistan Armed Forces had fought with British forces in World War II , thus providing the newly created country with the professionalism, experience and leadership it would need in its future wars against neighbouring India . In a formula arranged by the British , military resources were to be divided between India and Pakistan in a ratio of 64% going to India and 36% going to Pakistan. The Pakistani military largely retained British military traditions and doctrine until 1956, when
7990-481: The sixth-largest contributor of personnel to UN peacekeeping missions. Major non-NATO ally A major non-NATO ally ( MNNA ) is a designation given by the United States government to countries that have strategic working relationships with the United States Armed Forces while not being members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). While the status does not automatically constitute
8084-563: The subsequent standoff with India, several combat divisions were redeployed to Eastern and Southern Pakistan . In addition to its military deployments, the armed forces also assist the government in responding to natural disasters such as the 2005 Kashmir earthquake and the nationwide floods of 2010 . A large number of Pakistan Armed Forces personnel are deployed overseas as part of the United Nations' peacekeeping missions. As of May 2019, 5,083 personnel were serving abroad, making Pakistan
8178-589: The threat of sea-based global terrorism, drug smuggling, and trafficking issues. A single command structure known as Naval Headquarters (NHQ) is based at the Rawalpindi Cantt , adjacent to the Joint Staff HQ. The navy is commanded by the Chief of Naval Staff (CNS), who is by statute a four-star admiral, appointed by the president, with the required consultation and confirmation of the prime minister. As of October 2020, Admiral Muhammad Amjad Khan Niazi
8272-475: The three main service branches; and it advises the civilian government on strategic communications, industrial mobilisations plans, and formulating defence plans. In many ways, the JCSC provides an important link to understand, maintain balance, and resolve conflicts between military and political circles . In times of peace, the JCSC's principle functions are to conduct planning of civil–military input; in times of war,
8366-772: The vicinity of the Rawalpindi Military District , Punjab. The Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee is composed of the Chairman Joint Chiefs , the Chief of Army Staff , the Chief of Air Staff and the Chief of Naval Staff . At the JS HQ, it forms with the office of the Engineer-in-Chief , Navy Hydrographer , Surgeon-General of each inter-service, director of JS HQ, and Director-Generals (DGs) of Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR), Inter-Services Selection Board (ISSB), Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), and
8460-488: The wider South Caucasus region" and "the Russian Federation cannot meet Armenia's security needs. This example should demonstrate to us that dependence on just one partner in security matters is a strategic mistake." Pashinyan accused Russian peacekeepers deployed to uphold the ceasefire deal of failing to do their job. Pashinyan confirmed that Armenia is trying to diversify its security arrangements, most notably with
8554-551: Was abolished in 1961 after passing out 9 courses. During the 1980s Pakistan Military again faced shortage of Officers, commencing the OTS programme in 1982 again, continuing from the 10th OTS course. This time the academy was located in Mangla Cantt. Officers Training School halted in 1990 after passing out 23rd OTS course, later transitioning to the Junior Cadet Academy (JCA) which also halted in 1992. This article about
8648-654: Was added to Title 22 of the United States Code (also known as section 517 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ), which added MNNAs to many of the same exemptions from the Arms Export Control Act that were enjoyed by NATO members. It also authorized the President to designate a country as an MNNA thirty days after notifying Congress. When enacted, the statute designated the initial five countries as major non-NATO allies and added Jordan and New Zealand to
8742-490: Was further augmented by the Industrial Security Annex, signed in 2019. In June 2019, American lawmakers provided for enhancements to the strategic status of India , though this fell short of designating the country as an MNNA. In 2024, the United States recognized the United Arab Emirates as a major defense partner. The following countries are listed in chronological order of their designation as MNNAs by
8836-503: Was the sixth-largest contributor to United Nations peacekeeping efforts , with 4,516 personnel deployed overseas . Other foreign deployments have consisted of Pakistani military personnel serving as military advisers in various African and Arab countries . The Pakistani military has maintained combat divisions and brigade-strength presences in some Arab states during the Arab–Israeli Wars , aided American-led coalition forces in
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