The yang (양/兩) was the currency of the Korean states Joseon and the Korean Empire between 1892 and 1902. It was subdivided into 10 jeon (전/錢) or 100 bun (분/分); and 5 yang = 1 hwan (환/圜).
54-862: Nyang may refer to: Korean yang , also spelled nyang, the currency of Korea between 1892 and 1902 Nyang languages , a group of Southern Bantoid languages spoken in Southwest Cameroon Places [ edit ] Nyang River , a major river in south-west Tibet Nyang Station , a sheep station in Western Australia People with the surname [ edit ] Aziz Corr Nyang (born 1984), Gambian footballer Haggai Nyang' ( fl. 1990s–2000s ), Kenyan Anglican bishop Sulayman S. Nyang (1944–2018), Gambian professor of African studies See also [ edit ] All pages with titles containing nyang Topics referred to by
108-510: A Large-Port Metropolis using the Southampton System of Port-City classification. The first historical record of the Incheon area dates back to 475 CE, during the reign of King Jangsu of Goguryeo , by the name of Michuhol , which is supposed to be located on modern Munhak Hill ( 문학산 ). The area underwent several name changes with successive kingdoms and dynasties. In Goryeo era, Incheon
162-863: A centre for international business, trade, technology, and environmentally conscious urban living. Initially projected to be completed by 2020, some areas continue to be under development, with evolving projects and adjustments to the original master plan. Songdo houses various multinational companies and hosts several international institutions, including the Green Climate Fund . The city is also recognised for its smart city technologies and eco-friendly design, featuring extensive green spaces, smart infrastructure, and advanced waste management systems. As of 2012, Yeongjong International City , centred around Incheon International Airport , has been under development as an eco-friendly airport city. Originally scheduled for completion by 2020, certain projects are still ongoing as
216-736: A discount, this was because base cupronickel coins had completely flooded the market. This uncontrollable situation would lead to more than half of all currency circulating in Korea at the time being cupronickel coins. Removing these coins from circulation would prove to be a tough predicament for the Japanese during the latter half of the 1900s. A series was printed by the Treasury Department but never issued. The denominations were 5 yang, 10 yang, 20 yang, and 50 yang. Not long after these new copper coins were introduced, black market counterfeit versions of
270-539: A wreath surrounding the dragon or minor traces of the original Korean inscription. Incheon Incheon ( Korean : 인천 ; Korean pronunciation: [intɕʰʌ̹n] ; or Inch'ŏn ; literally "kind river"), formerly Jemulpo or Chemulp'o ( Korean : 제물포 ) until the period after 1910, officially the Incheon Metropolitan City ( 인천광역시 ), is a city located in northwestern South Korea, bordering Seoul and Gyeonggi Province to
324-619: Is a cognate of yuan itself. Just before the yang was introduced, a small number of coins denominated in hwan (환/圜) and mun (문/文) were minted (1 won = 1000 mun). It is unclear whether these coins circulated. The 1 won and 5 yang coins were equal in size, containing 416 grains of silver. However, before 1892, the main currency of Korea was the mun , a denomination based on the Chinese cash ( Mandarin Chinese : 文 ; pinyin : Wén ). The mintage and circulation of modern currency began during
378-493: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Korean yang The word yang (兩) is a cognate of the Chinese " tael " ( Mandarin Chinese : 兩 ; pinyin : Liǎng ). Fun (pronounced "pun" but spelt with an "f" on the coins), is also a cognate of a Chinese word, Mandarin Chinese : 分 ; pinyin : Fēn , which is equal to 1 ⁄ 100 yuan , whilst hwan
432-439: Is emerging as a new growth industry of the city. Currently, with the total production capacity of 330kℓ per year, the city ranks 2nd in the world by production capacity along with San Francisco , United States. The capacity is under expansion, and after completion in 2018, the city will rank 1st with the production capacity of 510kℓ. Also, logistics industry is also experiencing a rapid growth, thanks to Incheon Airport , which
486-761: Is operated by the Incheon Rapid Transit Corporation (IRTC). Korail has also constructed a new commuter rail line named Suin Line . The line opened in 2012 from Oido station in Siheung to Songdo station in Incheon. It was then extended in 2016, and now reaches Incheon station where passengers can transfer to Seoul Subway Line 1 . In 2020, the line was extended from Oido station to Suwon Station . SMRT (one of three operating companies of Seoul Metropolitan Subway) has extended Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 7 to Bupyeong-gu office by 2011 and provided transfers to
540-564: The Emperor of Korea were used instead. King Gojong became Emperor Gwangmu and in the year 1897 the year Gwangmu 1 (光武元年) appeared on the coins. The Gwangmu regnal year was used well after the adoption of the Korean won until the year 1907, when the regnal years changed due to the ascension of Emperor Yunghui making the Gregorian year 1907 into Yunghui 1 (隆熙元年). Various names of Korea were displayed on
594-677: The Incheon Free Economic Zone , including Samsung which chose Songdo International City as its new investment destination for its bio industry. As an international city, Incheon has held numerous large-scale international conferences, such as the Incheon Global Fair & Festival in 2009. The 17th Asian Games Incheon 2014 was also held in Incheon on 19 September 2014. Incheon is also a major transportation hub in northeast Asia, with Incheon International Airport and Incheon Port. The large volume of port traffic makes Incheon
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#1732847842537648-625: The Incheon Women Artists' Biennale in 2004 which expanded into welcoming international artists in its subsequent 2007, 2009 and 2011. Incheon hosted the Asian Games in 2014. It hosted the 6th OECD World Forum in 2018. Incheon was designated as the World Book Capital for the year 2015 by UNESCO . On 27 February 2007, Incheon declared itself an "English City," and inaugurated the "Incheon Free English Zone" program. The goal of
702-579: The Pusan Perimeter and to launch a United Nations offensive northward. The result was a decisive UN victory and it was recaptured on 19 September 1950. USS Inchon was named after the tide-turning battle that ensued. Prior to and during the June Democratic Movement in 1987, Incheon was the site of several pro-democracy protests. Incheon has also hosted a series of major international events. The Global Fair & Festival 2009 Incheon
756-741: The Suin Line at Woninjae station , with the Incheon Subway Line 2 at Incheon City Hall station , and with Seoul Subway Line 7 at Bupyeong-gu Office station . Incheon Subway Line 2 opened in July 2016 and runs from Geomdan Oryu station to Unyeon station. The automated line is 29.2 kilometres (18.1 miles) long, and has 27 stations, including transfer stations at Geomam station with the AREX line, Juan station with Seoul Subway Line 1 and Incheon Subway Line 2 at Incheon City Hall station . The Incheon subway
810-613: The 10 wén appeared, illegal mints or "private mints" (局私) opened all over China and started producing more coins than the Qing government's set quotas allowed there to be circulating on the market. Both Chinese and foreigners soon started producing struck cash coins of inferior quality often with traces of the Korean 5 fun coins they were overstruck on, or with characters and symbols not found on official government issued coins. Joseon began minting modern-style machine-struck copper coins in 1892, which
864-796: The Incheon Mint, but from 1898 they were produced at the Yongsan Mint. The 1 hwan coin was only produced in the year Kaeguk 502 (開國五百二年) or 1893 in the Gregorian calendar . The majority of the 1 ⁄ 4 yang coins were dated Gwangmu 2 (1898) and the coin dies used to produce them were replaced with others that had the same date of issue after they had become worn out. Official coin dies were also rented out to licensees, and at one point even to non-licensees. The Japanese first struck cupronickel coins in Osaka that were later imported to Korea, then they imported
918-562: The Incheon Subway system. It has 3 stations within Incheon. By 2020, the line will further be extended westwards to Seoknam station where it will be possible to transfer to Incheon Subway Line 2. The Incheon Free Economic Zone ( IFEZ ) comprises the regions of Songdo , Cheongna , and Yeongjong Island, covering a total area of 51,739 acres (20,938 hectares). IFEZ was established to develop these areas into centres for logistics, international business, leisure, and tourism, aimed primarily at
972-467: The Japanese because it would then be more easy to bring mint machinery from Japan to Korea. In November of the year 1892, a new mint was established in the city of Incheon which led to the old mint for machine-struck in Seoul to be demolished. New machinery and raw materials used for producing milled coinage were imported from Japan. The new Incheon Mint (仁川典局) was entirely staffed by Japanese technicians from
1026-683: The Korean Empire had started the construction of the Gyeongin Line which opened on 18 September 1899 and allowed for coins minted in Incheon to be transported at a wider distance. Minting equipment from Incheon was moved to Yongsan in September of the year 1900 and cupronickel coins at this time were struck in small quantities. The Yongsan Mint would close in November 1904 after the Japanese Empire took
1080-750: The Northeast Asian region. The designation of " Free Economic Zone " refers to efforts to enhance the business environment for foreign enterprises and improve living conditions for expatriates. It was the first zone of its kind in South Korea, formally designated in August 2003. The region includes infrastructure for air and sea transportation, logistics, international business, financial services, and residential facilities, alongside educational, medical, and leisure amenities. Development of Songdo International City began in 1994 on reclaimed land and has been intended as
1134-576: The Osaka Copper Works and from the Japan Mint in Osaka . The Incheon Mint prepared a completely new line of coins with very heavily inspired Japanese designs, this series also included the first copper-nickel of Korea. The Incheon Mint was relocated to the Yongsan Mint (龍山典局) in the year 1900, the Yongsan Mint officially opened on 4 May 1900. However, the timing of this relocation was very unfortunate as
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#17328478425371188-649: The South Korean capital. It is part of the Seoul Capital Area , along with Seoul itself and Gyeonggi Province , forming the world's fourth-largest metropolitan area by population . Incheon has since led the economic development of South Korea by opening its port to the outside world, ushering in the modernization of South Korea as a center of industrialization. In 2003, the city was designated as South Korea's first free economic zone. Since then, large local companies and global enterprises have increasingly invested in
1242-425: The Yongsan Mint. The 1 ⁄ 4 yang coins (or 2 jeon and 5 pun coins) were produced during the years 1892 (開國五百一年), 1893 (開國五百二年), 1894 (開國五百三年), 1895 (開國五百四年), 1896 (開國五百五年), 1897 (光武元年), 1898 (光武二年), 1899 (光武三年), 1900 (光武四年), and 1901 (光武五年). The varieties of the 1 ⁄ 4 yang coins include those produced with small characters (小子) and large characters (大字). Until the year 1897 they were produced at
1296-523: The area continues to evolve. The development aims to combine logistical facilities with residential, business, and tourism sectors, leveraging its proximity to the airport. Cheongna , located on the mainland near Yeongjong Island, is designed to focus on entertainment and leisure. It includes residential zones, sports facilities, and a business district catering to international finance. Although initially slated for completion by 2008, development timelines have since been extended, with some projects, such as
1350-434: The city, and as a result, the city was largely dependent on manufacturing industry. But with the designation of Incheon Free Economic Zone in 2003, the city is now making an effort to foster new growth industries. Major industrial parks include Bupyeong industrial complex, which hosts GM Incheon plant(formerly a GM Daewoo Incheon plant), Juan industrial complex, and Namdong Industrial complex. In recent years, bio industry
1404-505: The coastal regions of China. Because the hand-operated presses used by the counterfeiters did not exert enough pressure on the coins to sufficiently obliterate the inscriptions and symbols on the Korean 5 fun coins, the counterfeit Qing dynasty 10 wén coins made using this method would usually exhibit a combination of both the Chinese Great Qing Copper Coin and Korean 5 fun designs. For example, there can still be traces of
1458-432: The coins, these include "Great Joseon" (大朝鮮), "Joseon" (朝鮮), and "Great Han" (大韓). Around the time of the trial adoption of the gold standard in 1901, gold and silver coins were in circulation along with some Japanese bank notes. The yang was replaced by the won at a rate of 1 won = 10 yang. Coins were minted in the denominations of 1 fun, 5 fun, 1 ⁄ 4 yang, 1 yang, 5 yang and 1 hwan. The coins all carried
1512-471: The east. Inhabited since the Neolithic , Incheon was home to just 4,700 people when it became an international port in 1883. As of February 2020, about 3 million people live in the city, making it South Korea's third-most-populous city after Seoul and Busan . The city's growth has been assured in modern times with the development of its port due to its natural advantages as a coastal city and its proximity to
1566-617: The former center of Gwangyo) with Bupyeong County, forming Bucheon County. Between 1936 and 1940, some part of Bucheon County was recombined into Incheon, by which some part of "old" Bupyeong was annexed into Incheon. Incheon was originally part of Gyeonggi Province , but was granted Directly Governed (now Metropolitan) City status on 1 July 1981; the city officially separated from the province. In 1989, neighboring islands and Gyeyang township of Gimpo County were ceded to Incheon and in 1995 Geomdan township of Gimpo County and two counties of Ganghwa and Onjin were annexed to Incheon. Incheon
1620-498: The last years of the Joseon dynasty as a result of contact with the West, using equipment to produce machine-struck coins purchased from Germany in 1883. The Osaka Copper Works (大阪製銅會社) run by Nobuyuki Matsuda(增田信之), a Japanese firm foreseeing profit in the coin minting business, suggested to the Korean government to establish another mint in the port city of Incheon . Incheon was selected by
1674-469: The local academy (hyanggyo, 향교 ) were located. The "original" two remaining buildings of the Incheon prefecture office are located in Munhak Elementary School, while the newly built (in 2001) prefecture office buildings are right across from Munhak Baseball Stadium . Another historical name of the city, Jemulpo (alternatively Romanized as Chemulpo ), was not widely used until the opening of
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1728-455: The machinery used to manufacture them and struck them in Korea. Some of the unofficially produced 1 ⁄ 4 yang coins can not be distinguished from the genuine specimens. The Korean government would eventually establish a system for designating cupronickel coins as being "Official", "Class-A counterfeits", and "Class-B counterfeits", these coins all had varying market values. Even the government produced "official" coins were accepted at
1782-575: The neighboring cities of Bucheon , Gimpo , Seoul , and Siheung . Local service to Guro , Seoul , Cheongnyangni , Uijeongbu and Soyosan is offered by Seoul's subway Line 1 . The line has 11 stations within Incheon and connects to the Incheon Subway at Bupyeong and Juan stations. Rapid service on the same line to Yongsan station in Seoul depart from Dongincheon station and stops at major stations. The Airport Express ( AREX ) line runs from Incheon International Airport to Seoul Station via Gimpo International Airport . The Incheon-Gimpo section
1836-599: The newly built Suin Line to bring KTX service to Incheon station by 2021. The Incheon Subway has two subway lines serving the city. The first line connects to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system at Bupyeong station ( Seoul Subway Line 1 ), and AREX line at Gyeyang station . It connects International Business District station in Songdo to Gyeyang station. The line has 28 stations on 29.4 kilometres (18.3 miles) of track. The line also has transfer stations with
1890-461: The port in 1883. It was frequently used until the Japanese annexation. After the opening of the Incheon port, the city center moved from Gwangyo to Jemulpo. Today, either Jemulpo or Gwangyo-dong is considered "Original Incheon" ( 원인천 ). It was internationally known as Jinsen during Japanese rule , based on the Japanese pronunciation of Incheon's Sino-Korean name. In 1914, the Japanese colonial government merged outer parts of old Incheon (including
1944-527: The port offers ferries to five cities in China : Dalian , Qingdao , Tianjin , Dandong , and Weihai . There are also ferries to Incheon's outlying islands as well as Baengnyeongdo inside of the Northern Limit Line . Incheon Bus Terminal , located at its eponymous subway stop, offers express bus transportation to all parts of Korea. Many city bus lines offer transportation within city limits as well as to
1998-452: The program is to make the city as proficient in English as Singapore . This is for the ultimate purpose of establishing Incheon as a commercial and business hub of northeast Asia (see Free Economic Zone below). The official slogan of the program is "Smile with English." Incheon is home to a number of colleges and universities: Incheon has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cwa ) using
2052-499: The public would soon distrust the coinage. Most of the coins of the Korean yang were produced at the Incheon Mint (仁川典局) but from 1898 coins were also produced at the Yongsan Mint (龍山典局). 1 fun coins were produced during the years 1892 (開國五百一年), 1893 (開國五百二年), 1895 (開國五百四年), and 1896 (開國五百五年). It's notable that they weren't produced in 1894 (開國五百三年). All 1 fun coins were produced at the Incheon Mint. 5 fun coins were made during
2106-521: The remaining 49.1% of flights. The airport is experiencing a rapid increase in passengers, and the opening of Terminal 2 in December 2017 spurred additional traffic. The airport was also featured in the Korean drama series, "Air City." Incheon International Airport ranked "5th in the world" among international airports in late 2018. Incheon's sea port is the second largest port in Korea after Busan Port . The International Passenger Terminal located at
2160-510: The rights of issuing money for circulation in Korea. During the introduction of the Korean yang following the adoption of the silver standard, the dates on the coinage still followed the Kaeguk calendar which was based on the founding of Joseon in the year 1392 which was the year Kaeguk 1 (開國元年). But following the proclamation of the Korean Empire in the year 1897 the era names or regnal years of
2214-476: The rise and fall of temperature and humidity. The temperature however, never rises to an extreme, and the climate of the city is essentially mild. Incheon is swept by the seasonal winds as the northwesterly winds strike the city in the winter and the summer in Incheon is affected by gusts of the warm southwesterly winds. Incheon forms the heart of Capital Industrial Region. During the industrialization of South Korea, several industrial complexes were built throughout
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2268-460: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Nyang . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nyang&oldid=946594211 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
2322-464: The theme park, still in the planning or early construction stages. Incheon is divided into 8 districts ( gu ) and 2 counties ( gun ). Religion in Incheon (2015) According to the 2015 census, 32.6% of the population follow Christianity (23.1% Protestantism and 9.5% Catholicism ) and 8.7% follow Buddhism . 57.9% of the population is irreligious. 0.8% of the population follow other religions including Islam , Muism , and Confucianism . Incheon
2376-487: The title of the state, "Great Joseon " (Great Korea; 대조선; 大朝鮮), then just " Joseon " (Korea; 조선; 朝鮮) and then Daehan (대한; 大韓). The name of the country on these new coins, as it had been on the coins issued in the year Kaeguk 497, was "Great Korea". But on the insistence of the Chinese resident-general Yuan Shikai the Chinese character "大" ( dae ) was removed from coins produced in the years Kaeguk 502, Kaeguk 503, and early Kaeguk 504. The reason why Yuan Shikai demanded this
2430-413: The transition into the Korean Empire only a very limited amount of coins was struck during this era. Because the cupronickel 1 ⁄ 4 yang was the most profitable to produce this denomination saw a large amount of counterfeiting of it, the amount of counterfeits in Korea became so uncontrollable that the imperial government declared them to be legal tender , this policy proved to be disastrous as
2484-431: The years 1892 (開國五百一年), 1893 (開國五百二年), 1894 (開國五百三年), 1895 (開國五百四年), 1896 (開國五百五年), 1898 (光武二年), 1899 (光武三年), and 1902 (光武六年), but not during the years 1897 (光武元年), 1900 (光武四年), and 1901 (光武五年). There are varieties of the 5 fun with small characters (小子), medium-sized characters (中子), and large characters (大字). All 5 fun coins produced until 1899 were minted at the Incheon Mint, while the 5 fun coins of 1902 were produced at
2538-485: The −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm, and humid continental climate ( Köppen Dwa , respectively) using the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm. Like other metropolitan cities, Incheon has a strong urban heat island effect. Incheon's climate is about average compared to the rest of Korea, with 8 locations being cooler and 10 locations being warmer, and with 9 locations being wetter and 9 locations being drier. Incheon experiences each of its four seasons, distinctly feeling
2592-543: Was 8 years before the Qing dynasty did so in China. These coins were often minted by Korean businessmen and former Japanese Samurai (specifically Rōnin ) looking to make a profit on exchanging the low value copper coins into silver dollars as a single Chinese silver dollar had the purchasing power of 1000 Korean fun. The majority of the counterfeit coins bear the inscription that they were minted in either Zhejiang province or Shandong province , but they circulated all over
2646-510: Was because Korea, which at the time was a vassal state of the Qing dynasty , said that the inclusion of the character "大" was an affront to the Chinese Empire. Until 1897, the dynastic dating system was used, where the founding year of the Joseon dynasty , 1392, was year 1. Starting in 1897, the regnal year of the monarch was used instead. Because the era name changed into the regnal name during
2700-411: Was called Gyeongwon ( 경원 ) or Inju ( 인주 ). The current name was turned to Incheon in 1413. Later, Incheon County became Incheon Metropolitan Prefecture (dohobu, 도호부 ). Old Incheon consisted of modern southern Incheon (i.e. Jung-gu, Dong-gu, Nam-gu, Yeonsu District, and Namdong District) and the northern part of Siheung . The city center was Gwangyo-dong, where the prefecture office ( 도호부청사 ) and
2754-646: Was held in the Songdo District in August 2009. It was open from 7 August to 25 October for a period of 80 days. It was a comprehensive international event with global institutions and corporations as participants. Various musicians and artists performed during the event. The city hosted a meeting of the G20 Finance Ministers in February 2010. Incheon was the site of the third Global Model United Nations Conference, held from 10 to 14 August 2011. It first hosted
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#17328478425372808-623: Was known as Inchon prior to South Korea's adoption of a new Romanization system in 2000. The city was the site of the Battle of Chemulpo Bay , where the first shots of the Russo-Japanese War were fired. During the Korean War , Incheon was occupied by North Korean troops on 4 July 1950. Incheon was the site of the Battle of Inchon when the United States troops landed to relieve pressure on
2862-570: Was opened in March 2007 and was extended to Seoul station in December 2010. Passengers can choose a high-speed service stopping only at Incheon airport and Seoul, which takes 43 minutes but departs only every half-hour; or the all-station service which takes 53 minutes but leaves every six minutes. KTX service was introduced on the AREX line on 30 June 2014, with stops at Incheon International Airport station and Geomam station . There are additional plans to use
2916-693: Was ranked fourth in the world by cargo traffic, and the expansion of Incheon Port. Incheon is a major domestic and international transport hub for Korea. Incheon International Airport is South Korea's primary international airport and a regional air hub. In 2015, it was the world's 22nd busiest airport by passenger traffic, with 49,412,750 passengers. There were a total of 305,446 flights (300,634 international, 4,812 domestic) to and from Incheon International Airport in 2015, an average of 837 flights (824 international, 13 domestic) daily. Korea's two main carriers, Korean Air and Asiana Airlines , serviced 50.9% of flights, while low-cost and foreign carriers serviced
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