Misplaced Pages

#310689

94-476: The Nonprofit Security Grant Program (NSGP) is a grant program administered by FEMA under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) that provides funding for target hardening and physical security enhancements to non-profit organizations at high risk of terrorist attack. The NSGP is one of eight DHS grant programs that assists states and localities prepare for terrorist attacks. The NSGP

188-547: A "special circumstance" that Earnest intentionally killed his victim (Gilbert-Kaye) because of her religion, which could incur the death penalty under California law. Earnest pleaded not guilty to all the charges. A criminal complaint was also filed charging Earnest with arson of a house of worship, a reference to the March arson attempt against a mosque in Escondido. Earnest was ordered held without bail . A trial readiness hearing

282-406: A 2019 holiday party. In the weeks before the shooting, two other nursing students reported Earnest to a professor, and an investigation was opened. However, as he had made no criminal threats, he was not expelled or arrested. Prosecutors stated his radicalization started roughly 18 months before the shooting occurred. An anti-semitic and racist open letter was posted on 8kun shortly before

376-576: A Poway street was renamed as Lori Lynn Lane to honor Lori Lynn Gilbert-Kaye, the woman who was killed in the shooting. In the aftermath of the shooting, the California State Legislature passed AB 1548 to establish the California State Nonprofit Security Grant Program in 2019, awarding up to $ 200,000 per year to religious, political, and mission-based institutions. The state allocated $ 12 million to

470-493: A city which borders the north inland side of San Diego , on the last day of the Jewish Passover holiday, which fell on a Shabbat . Armed with an AR-15–style rifle , the gunman, John Earnest, fatally shot one woman and injured three other people, including the synagogue's rabbi . After fleeing the scene, Earnest phoned 9-1-1 and reported the shooting. He was apprehended in his car approximately two miles (3.2 km) from

564-527: A combination of regular appropriations and emergency funding in response to events. Following the attacks of September 11, 2001 , Congress passed the Homeland Security Act of 2002 , which created the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to better coordinate among the different federal agencies that deal with law enforcement, disaster preparedness and recovery, border protection and civil defense. FEMA

658-488: A crowdfunding site for donations to rebuild the mosque. During this campaign, more than 250 supporters donated over $ 5,000, far short of the ultimate goal of $ 20,000. President Donald Trump offered "deepest sympathies to the families of those affected" by the shooting, further saying that "[o]ur entire nation mourns the loss of life, prays for the wounded and stands in solidarity with the Jewish community. We forcefully condemn

752-522: A current disaster in a way that reduces the impact of a similar future disaster. FEMA's emergency response is based on small, decentralized teams trained in such areas as the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS), Urban Search and Rescue (USAR), Disaster Mortuary Operations Response Team (DMORT), Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT), and Mobile Emergency Response Support (MERS). FEMA's National Response Coordination Center (NRCC)

846-692: A federal asset—for example, the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City , Oklahoma, or the Space Shuttle Columbia in the 2003 return-flight disaster . While on-the-ground support of disaster recovery efforts is a major part of FEMA's charter, the agency provides state and local governments with experts in specialized fields, funding for rebuilding efforts, and relief funds for infrastructure development by directing individuals to access low-interest loans, in conjunction with

940-518: A major agency of the Department of Homeland Security. The Administrator for Federal Emergency Management reports directly to the Secretary of Homeland Security . In March 2003, FEMA joined 22 other federal agencies, programs and offices in becoming the Department of Homeland Security. The new department, headed by Secretary Tom Ridge , brought a coordinated approach to national security from emergencies and disasters – both natural and man-made. FEMA manages

1034-563: A maximum of $ 50,000 per site, as part of the state's newly established Nonprofit Security Grant Program. In 2024, the program announced up to $ 5 million in annual grants. Citing tensions due to the Israel-Hamas war, Governor Ron DeSantis signed HB 7-C in November 2023 to allocate $ 25 million in Security Grants to Jewish days schools and pre-schools. An additional $ 20 million will be given to

SECTION 10

#1732858157311

1128-408: A measure in 1803 that provided relief for Portsmouth merchants by extending the time they had for remitting tariffs on imported goods. This is widely considered the first piece of legislation passed by the federal government that provided relief after a disaster. Between 1803 and 1930, ad hoc legislation was passed more than 100 times for relief or compensation after a disaster. Examples include

1222-458: A mockery of FEMA's new motto, "A Nation Prepared", and would "fundamentally sever FEMA from its core functions", "shatter agency morale" and "break longstanding, effective and tested relationships with states and first responder stakeholders". The inevitable result of the reorganization of 2003, warned Brown, would be "an ineffective and uncoordinated response" to a terrorist attack or a natural disaster. Hurricane Katrina in 2005 demonstrated that

1316-449: A nuclear war, dubbed CRP-2B . FEMA offers a large number of training classes, either at its own centers, through programs at the state level, in cooperation with colleges and universities, or online. The latter are free classes available to anyone, although only those with U.S. residency or work eligibility can take the final examinations. More information is available on the FEMA website under

1410-521: A popular topic among antisemitic and conspiracy-oriented bloggers, who point to information on award sizes to argue that Jewish interests have undue effect upon the American government. Several U.S. states have their own nonprofit security grant programs, including California, Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, Ohio, Florida, Illinois, Pennsylvania, New York, and Massachusetts. After the Poway synagogue shooting ,

1504-582: A religious property using fire for an earlier arson at Dar-ul-Arquam mosque in Escondido on March 24. Earnest is represented by a federal public defender. On December 5, the court announced a trial date of June 2, 2020. This date was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the San Diego County District Attorney 's office announced it would seek the death penalty . Prosecutors scheduled a press conference to discuss trial details on March 5 and

1598-401: A truck with satellite uplink, computers, telephone, and power generation at a staging area near a disaster so that the responders can communicate with the outside world. There are also Mobile Air Transportable Telecommunications System (MATTS) assets which can be airlifted in. Also, portable cell phone towers can be erected to allow local responders to access telephone systems. The first test of

1692-593: Is a multiagency center located at FEMA HQ that coordinates the overall Federal support for major disasters and emergencies, including catastrophic incidents in support of operations at the regional level. The FEMA Administrator, or his or her delegate, activates the NRCC in anticipation of, or in response to, an incident by activating the NRCC staff, which includes FEMA personnel, the appropriate Emergency Support Functions, and other appropriate personnel (including nongovernmental organization and private sector representatives). During

1786-553: Is available to homeowners in flood plains, through the National Flood Insurance Program , and also works to enforce no-build zones in known flood plains and relocate or elevate some at-risk structures. Pre-Disaster Mitigation grants are available to acquire property for conversion to open space, retrofit existing buildings, construct tornado and storm shelters, manage vegetation for erosion and fire control, and small flood control projects. Critics say this program

1880-721: Is broken out into three primary grant programs: State Homeland Security Grant Program (SHSP), Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI), and Operation Stonegarden (OPSG). As of 2024, the Tribal Homeland Security Grant Program (THSGP) is funded as a percentage carveout of HSGP as well. The Nonprofit Security Grant Program (NSGP) used to be funded under the HSGP as well, but Congress now funds that program separate from HSGP. NSGP provides funding for nonprofit organizations more at risk to terrorist actions and domestic violence extremeism to invest in target hardening. This includes, but

1974-561: Is funded through two subgrants: the State Homeland Security Grant Program (SHSGP), allocated to non-profit organizations, and the Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI), allocated specifically to non-profit organizations within high-risk and high-threat cities. To qualify for funding, organizations pass through review boards at the state level, then undergo a review at the national level that determines

SECTION 20

#1732858157311

2068-406: Is not limited to, organizations such as educational facilities, hospitals, and house of worship. In 2024, FEMA administered over $ 3 billion across the suite of homeland security grants. In 2018, FEMA had an annual budget of $ 18 billion that is used and distributed in different states according to the emergencies that occur in each one. An annual list of the use of these funds is disclosed at

2162-474: Is still with us, everywhere. No country and no society are immune. Only through education for Holocaust remembrance and tolerance can we deal with this plague." At a press conference on the day after the shooting, Rabbi Yisroel Goldstein, who was injured in the shooting, called to "battle darkness with light." He suggested that the United States call for a moment of silence in public schools. On April 29,

2256-547: Is to coordinate the response to a disaster that has occurred in the United States and that overwhelms the resources of local and state authorities. The governor of the state in which the disaster occurs must declare a state of emergency and formally request from the President that FEMA and the federal government respond to the disaster. The only exception to the state's gubernatorial declaration requirement occurs when an emergency or disaster takes place on federal property or to

2350-467: Is underperforming because it is starved for funding compared to disaster response and recovery, the process of applying for a buyout is unreasonably slow, and is wasting taxpayer dollars because the National Flood Insurance Program has paid to reconstruct some properties up to 18 times. 1% of NFIP-insured properties are responsible for more than one quarter of the money the program has paid out. The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program funds rebuilding after

2444-476: The 2009 Bronx terrorism plot , the Colleyville synagogue hostage crisis , and the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel . Funding increased significantly in the 2020s to meet increasing demand as antisemitism increased in the United States . Despite funding increases, the program fulfilled just over half of total grant applications, with total grant requests reaching $ 447 million. Since 2019, legislators and groups such as

2538-490: The COVID-19 pandemic . According to a tweet posted on April 12, 2022, by Deanne Criswell , the FEMA flag, used between 1981 and 2003, was reintroduced. During the debate of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, some called for FEMA to remain as an independent agency. Following the failed response to Hurricane Katrina, critics called for FEMA to be removed from the Department of Homeland Security. Today FEMA exists as

2632-678: The California State Legislature passed AB 1548 to establish the California State Nonprofit Security Grant Program in 2019, awarding up to $ 200,000 per year to religious, political, and mission-based institutions. The state allocated $ 12 million to the program, administered by the California Governor's Office of Emergency Services , in 2019. Security grants had previously been a line item in the state budget since 2015. In February 2021, Governor Ned Lamont announced $ 3.8 million in grants for 97 nonprofits, with

2726-904: The Federal Insurance Administration , the National Fire Prevention and Control Administration , the National Weather Service Community Preparedness Program , the Federal Preparedness Agency of the General Services Administration and the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration activities from HUD. FEMA was also given the responsibility for overseeing the nation's Civil Defense, a function which had previously been performed by

2820-509: The Florida Division of Emergency Management to establish a nonprofit security grant program for organizations at high risk of violent attacks or hate crimes. After the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting in 2018, Pennsylvania passed Act 83 of 2019 to establish the state's Nonprofit Security Grant Fund. Initially, $ 5 million in grant funding was available. After an increase in antisemitism during

2914-529: The General Services Administration (GSA) (upon termination of the OEmP). These actions demonstrated that, during those years, the nation's domestic preparedness was addressed by several disparate legislative actions, motivated by policy and budgetary earmarking, and not by a single, unifying, comprehensive strategy to meet the nation's needs over time. Then, in 1978 an effort was made to consolidate

Nonprofit Security Grant Program - Misplaced Pages Continue

3008-573: The Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA) on December 11, 2001. The NSGP was created by legislation enacted in 2004 and began distributing its first grants in 2005 as a security initiative under the umbrella of the larger two-year-old Urban Areas Security Initiative. For its first year, Congress funded the program at slightly less than $ 25 million annually. Legislators and advocacy groups have called for an increase in funding to cover all eligible applicants, especially after terror plots such as

3102-699: The Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center. ONSC also coordinated the continuing efforts of other Federal Executive Agencies. FEMA began administering the Center for Domestic Preparedness in 2007. FEMA administers the Homeland Security Grant Program (HSGP) which provides funding to state governments, local governments, Tribal governemnts, and Territorial governments along with specified Urban Areas and counties along international borders to invest in security enhancements. HSGP

3196-645: The National Day of Prayer , President Trump invited Rabbi Yisroel Goldstein and the two men who had chased the shooter out of the synagogue to address the gathering. Goldstein was invited by Israeli Ambassador to the United Nations Danny Danon to speak on antisemitism before the UN General Assembly on June 26. 2020 Democratic Presidential Candidates Bernie Sanders , Kamala Harris , Joe Biden , and Eric Swalwell published statements condemning

3290-584: The National Flood Insurance Program . Other programs FEMA previously administered have since been internalized or shifted under direct DHS control. FEMA is also home to the National Continuity Programs Directorate (formerly the Office of National Security Coordination). ONSC was responsible for developing, exercising, and validating agency-wide continuity of government plans as well as overseeing and maintaining continuity readiness including

3384-551: The Orthodox Union and Jewish Federations of North America called for $ 360 million in annual funding. The New Lines Institute also recommended funding the program at this level in a 2022 analysis. Amid a surge of antisemitism during the Israel-Hamas war , U.S. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer called for the program's annual funding to be tripled to $ 1 billion for 2024. The funding would increase staff at FEMA to accelerate

3478-514: The Ready Campaign , the national public service advertising campaign in collaboration with the Ad Council , to educate and empower Americans to prepare for and respond to emergencies including natural and man-made disasters. The Ready Campaign and its Spanish-language version Listo asks individuals to do three things: build an emergency supply kit, make a family emergency plan and be informed about

3572-498: The Small Business Administration . In addition to this, FEMA provides funds for response personnel training throughout the United States as part of the agency's preparedness effort. Federal emergency management in the U.S. has existed in one form or another for over 200 years. A series of devastating fires struck the port city of Portsmouth, New Hampshire , early in the 19th century. The 7th U.S. Congress passed

3666-491: The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers authority over flood control and irrigation projects and thus played a major role in disaster recovery from flooding. Federal disaster relief and recovery was brought under the umbrella of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), in 1973 by Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973, and the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration was created as an organizational unit within

3760-558: The "Emergency Personnel" and "Training" subheadings. Other emergency response information for citizens is also available at its website. FEMA runs the Incident Workforce Academy, a two-week emergency preparedness training program for FEMA employees. The first class of the academy graduated in early 2014. Poway synagogue shooting Federal The Poway synagogue shooting occurred on April 27, 2019, at Chabad of Poway synagogue in Poway, California , United States,

3854-459: The $ 138 million distributed through the program had gone to Jewish institutions seeking funding. In an attempt to broaden access to the program, Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA) have held trainings to help other faith groups improve their grant applications, including hosting a joint webinar with the U.S. Council of Muslim Organizations (USCMO). JFNA and the Orthodox Union joined with

Nonprofit Security Grant Program - Misplaced Pages Continue

3948-573: The Christchurch gunman's. Earnest is believed to have written the letter, in which he cited shooters Brenton Tarrant and Robert Bowers for their involvement in the Christchurch mosque shootings and the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting , respectively. He said that Jesus , Paul the Apostle , Martin Luther , Adolf Hitler , Ludwig van Beethoven , "Moon Man" and Pink Guy were figures who inspired him to commit

4042-599: The Dar-ul-Arqam mosque in Escondido, California . The fire was started at 3:15 am. The mosque is at 318 W. Sixth Ave, in Escondido, California , 30 miles (48 km) north of downtown San Diego ; it had been converted from a church to a mosque. Seven people were inside the Islamic center; one of them was awake when the fire started. They smelled smoke, saw the fire and tried to stop it before firefighters arrived. The fire

4136-648: The Department of Defense's Defense Civil Preparedness Agency. One of the disasters FEMA responded to was the dumping of toxic waste into Love Canal in Niagara Falls, New York , in the late 1970s. FEMA also responded to the Three Mile Island nuclear accident where the nuclear-generating station suffered a partial core meltdown . These disasters, while showing the agency could function properly, also uncovered some inefficiencies. In 1993, President Bill Clinton appointed James Lee Witt as FEMA Director. In 1996,

4230-702: The EOP; after that, the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization , which renamed the former agency; then, the Office of Civil Defense , under the Department of Defense (DoD); the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW); the Department of Agriculture ; the Office of Emergency Planning (OEmP); the Defense Civil Preparedness Agency (replacing the OCD in the DoD); the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and

4324-703: The Israel-Hamas war in 2023, the state legislature increased the available funding to $ 10 million. In the 5 years since its inception, the fund distributed $ 25 million to synagogues, mosques, and other nonprofit organizations. Since 2015, the United Kingdom has allocated £122 million through the Jewish Community Protective Security Grant to enhance security efforts such as security guards, CCTV, and alarm systems, at Jewish schools and synagogues, including £15 million in funding for 2023–24. The UK government also allocated £24.5 million in 2022 for

4418-660: The National Dam Safety Program Act; disaster assistance under the Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ; earthquake hazards reduction under the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 and further expanded by Executive Order 12699, regarding safety requirements for federal buildings and Executive Order 12941, concerning the need for cost estimates to seismically retrofit federal buildings; emergency food and shelter under

4512-492: The Places of Worship Protective Security Funding Scheme for mosques and associated faith community centers. FEMA The Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), initially created under President Jimmy Carter by Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978 and implemented by two Executive Orders on April 1, 1979. The agency's primary purpose

4606-459: The RFC was to lend money to banks and institutions to stimulate economic activity. RFC was also responsible for dispensing federal dollars in the wake of a disaster. RFC can be considered the first organized federal disaster response agency. The Bureau of Public Roads in 1934 was given authority to finance the reconstruction of highways and roads after a disaster. The Flood Control Act of 1944 also gave

4700-605: The San Diego County Sheriff's Bomb/Arson Unit, the FBI and the ATF investigated the incident as arson and a hate crime. Due to the graffiti on the mosque's driveway, investigators considered the fire a terrorist attack. In his open letter, Earnest claimed responsibility for the fire, which took place about 15 miles (24 km) from Poway. Yusef Miller, a spokesman for the Islamic community in Escondido, told Muslims who lived in

4794-721: The Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987; hazardous materials, under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act . In addition, FEMA received authority for counterterrorism through the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici amendment under the Weapons of Mass Destruction Act of 1996, which was a response to the recognized vulnerabilities of the U.S. after the sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway in 1995. Congress funded FEMA through

SECTION 50

#1732858157311

4888-660: The USCMO, the Sikh Council for Interfaith Relations, and several Christian denominations to call for increased funding to the program. The joint lobbying effort resulted in Congress appropriating twice the previous year's funding for 2021. After the Colleyville synagogue hostage crisis in 2022, Rabbi Charlie Cytron-Walker credited NSGP for boosting his synagogue's security measures, such as upgrading its camera system. The program has become

4982-475: The abhorrent attack on a synagogue in California; this is an attack on the heart of the Jewish people. The international community must step up the struggle against anti-Semitism." President of Israel Reuven Rivlin wrote, "The murderous attack on the Jewish community during Pesach, our holiday of freedom, and just before Holocaust Memorial Day, is yet another painful reminder that anti-Semitism and hatred of Jews

5076-446: The actual amount of aid. Groups use the funding for measures such as blast-proof windows, reinforced doors, locks, gates, video surveillance, security training, awareness campaigns, and response planning. Since 1996, the U.S. Congress has provided grant funding to states and localities to prepare for terrorist attacks and improve domestic security. The idea for the NSGP was first proposed by

5170-579: The agency was elevated to cabinet rank; this was not continued by President George W. Bush. Witt initiated reforms that would help to streamline the disaster recovery and mitigation process. The end of the Cold War also allowed the agency's resources to be turned away from civil defense to natural disaster preparedness. After FEMA's creation through reorganization and executive orders, Congress continued to expand FEMA's authority by assigning responsibilities to it. Those responsibilities include dam safety under

5264-649: The attack. California governor Gavin Newsom responded by saying, "No one should have to fear going to their place of worship, and no one should be targeted for practicing the tenets of their faith." The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum released a statement which read "[M]oving forward this must serve as yet another wake-up call that antisemitism is a growing and deadly menace. All Americans must unequivocally condemn it and confront it whenever it appears." Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu stated "I condemn

5358-621: The case of radioactive contamination . This guidance is specified as action guide for Radiological Dispersal Devices (RDD) and Improvised Nuclear Devices (IND) involving high levels of radiation. According to the Federation of American Scientists , during the Cold War FEMA prepared assessments of the likely consequences of a full-scale Soviet nuclear attack on the United States for use in planning mitigation and recovery efforts. FEMA also prepared plans for evacuating major U.S. cities in response to

5452-403: The core that such an evil could have gone out from our community. Such hatred has no place in any part of our beliefs or practices, for we seek to shape our whole lives according to the love and gospel of Jesus Christ" and that "that "[a]nti-Semitism and racist hatred which apparently motivated the shooter [...] have no place within our system of doctrine." According to The Washington Post ,

5546-413: The department. This agency would oversee disasters until its incorporation into FEMA in 1978. Prior to implementation of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978 by E.O. 12127 and E.O. 12148, many government agencies were still involved in disaster relief; in some cases, more than 100 separate agencies might be jockeying for control and jurisdiction of a disaster. Over the years, Congress increasingly extended

5640-490: The different types of emergencies that can occur and how to respond. The campaign messages have been promoted through television, radio, print, outdoor and web PSAs, as well as brochures, toll-free phone lines and the English and Spanish language websites. The Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 added a Surge Capacity Force, which allows the Department of Homeland Security to supplement FEMA employees with additional personnel from various federal departments in

5734-516: The end of the year on FEMA's website. FEMA maintains 23 cadres of various work functions and skillsets to prepare, respond, and recover from various disasters. FEMA's Mitigation Directorate is responsible for programs that take action before a disaster, in order to identify risks and reduce injuries, loss of property, and recovery time. The agency has major analysis programs for floods , hurricanes and tropical storms , dams, and earthquakes . FEMA works to ensure affordable flood insurance

SECTION 60

#1732858157311

5828-409: The event the agency is overwhelmed. The Force has been activated for Hurricane Sandy , Hurricane Harvey , Hurricane Irma , Hurricane Maria , and the 2017 California wildfires . The Stafford Act was amended by the Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act (PETS Act) in 2006, and the Disaster Recovery Reform Act (DRRA) in 2018. FEMA was put in charge of procuring medical supplies during

5922-399: The evil of anti-Semitism and hate, which must be defeated". Vice President Mike Pence stated "We condemn in the strongest terms the evil & cowardly shooting at Chabad of Poway today as Jewish families celebrated Passover. No one should be in fear in a house of worship. Antisemitism isn't just wrong - it's evil." On May 2, 2019, during his remarks in the White House Rose Garden on

6016-458: The federal and state life sentences running consecutively instead of concurrently. At approximately 11:23 a.m. PDT , a gunman, identified as 19-year-old John Earnest, entered the Chabad of Poway synagogue on the last day of the Jewish holiday of Passover , which fell on a Shabbat . Approximately 100 people were inside the synagogue at the time. Earnest carried a Smith & Wesson Model M&P 15 Sport II semi-automatic rifle and

6110-458: The fire was started by a chemical factor. Police said that they found graffiti referencing the Christchurch, New Zealand mosque incident in the parking lot. Police officers never reported the exact wording of the graffiti, although it was later revealed to have said, "For Brenton Tarrant -t. /pol/ " (referencing the perpetrator of the Christchurch shooting and 8chan's /pol/ board, to which both men posted their manifestos). Fire investigators,

6204-434: The first such federal agencies was the Federal Civil Defense Administration , which operated within the Executive Office of the President . Functions to administer disaster relief were then given to the President himself, who delegated to the Housing and Home Finance Administration. Subsequently, a new office of the Office of Defense Mobilization was created. Then, the new Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization, managed by

6298-501: The initial stages of a response, FEMA will, as part of the whole community, focus on projected, potential, or escalating critical incident activities. The NRCC coordinates with the affected region(s) and provides needed resources and policy guidance in support of incident-level operations. The NRCC staff specifically provides emergency management coordination, planning, resource deployment, and collects and disseminates incident information as it builds and maintains situational awareness—all at

6392-435: The nation more vulnerable to known hazards, like hurricanes . After allegations of mismanagement during Hurricane Katrina, the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) was transferred from the Department of Homeland Security to the Department of Health and Human Services by the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act , signed by President George W. Bush on December 18, 2006. In fall 2008, FEMA took over coordination of

6486-672: The national wireless emergency system by FEMA was broadcast to an estimated 225 million electronic devices at 14:18 EDT on October 3, 2018. The text message was accompanied by a flashing warning sign and warning tone. The president may direct FEMA to broadcast such alerts only for national emergencies or if the public is in danger. The facility may not be used for personal messages from the president. Mobile phone owners can not opt out of these warnings. On August 1, 2008, FEMA released "Planning Guidance for Protection and Recovery Following Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) and Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) incidents", which provide an action guide in

6580-1025: The national-level. FEMA maintains the NRCC as a functional component of the NOC for incident support operations. An example of NRCC activity is the coordination of emergency management activities that took place in connection with the 2013 Colorado floods . Disaster Medical Assistance Teams (DMAT) provide medical care at disasters and are typically made up of doctors and paramedics. There are also National Nursing Response Teams (NNRT), National Pharmacy Response Teams (NPRT) and Veterinary Medical Assistance Teams (VMAT). Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Teams (DMORT) provide mortuary and forensic services. National Medical Response Teams (NMRT) are equipped to decontaminate victims of chemical and biological agents. The Urban Search and Rescue Task Forces perform rescue of victims from structural collapses, confined spaces, and other disasters, for example, mine collapses and earthquakes. These teams provide communications support to local public safety. For instance, they may operate

6674-505: The parents of the shooter issued a formal statement disavowing his actions, reading in part: "To our great shame, he is now part of the history of evil that has been perpetrated on Jewish people for centuries." Their attorney noted that the family will not pay for Earnest's defense, instead leaving him to likely be represented by a public defender . The Orthodox Presbyterian Church issued a statement reading in part, "We deplore and resist all forms of anti-Semitism and racism. We are wounded to

6768-502: The program's funding since its establishment in 2005 due to higher levels of Jewish participation in applications and because they were deemed at higher risk of potential terrorist attack based on threat and risk information, according to DHS information and the New Lines Institute . Jewish institutions received 60% of funding in 2009, 73% between 2007 and 2010, 81% in 2011, 97% in 2012, and almost 90% in 2013. By 2014, $ 110 million of

6862-535: The program, administered by the California Governor's Office of Emergency Services , in 2019. Security grants had previously been a line item in the state budget since 2015. On April 30, 2019, Earnest was charged in San Diego County Superior Court with one count of murder and three counts of attempted murder. All four charges included " hate-crime and gun allegations", which can incur more severe penalties upon conviction. The murder charge includes

6956-513: The range of covered categories for assistance, and several presidential executive orders did the same. By enacting these various forms of legislative direction, Congress established a category for annual budgetary amounts of assistance to victims of various types of hazards or disasters, it specified the qualifications, and then it established or delegated the responsibilities to various federal and non-federal agencies. In time, this expanded array of agencies themselves underwent reorganization. One of

7050-438: The rate at which grants were administered and to satisfy the 58% of applications, representing $ 679 million in funding, that were not approved. Between 2011 and 2021, faith-based awardees received approximately 97% of all NSGP funds, and secular awardees have received approximately 3% of all funds. Secular awardees include medical institutions and higher education institutions. Jewish groups and institutions have received most of

7144-553: The region to be cautious. Dustin Craun, executive director of the San Diego office of the Council on American–Islamic Relations (CAIR), condemned the attack and asked the police for more security around the mosque and protection at Islamic institutions across California. Also, CAIR held online meetings with hundreds of mosques and urged them to increase their security. A web page was set up on

7238-430: The room, wounding one man with a bullet to the leg, and his 8-year-old niece. He fired eight to ten rounds before his rifle jammed or malfunctioned, which prevented additional casualties. Two members of the congregation ran toward the shooter. Earnest then fled the synagogue, entering a Honda sedan. All the injured were expected to recover. Goldstein, who had been shot in the hand, lost his right index finger from

7332-437: The several singular functions; FEMA was created to house civil defense and disaster preparedness under one roof. This was a very controversial decision. FEMA was established under the 1978 Reorganization Plan No. 3 and was activated by President Jimmy Carter in an Executive Order on April 1, 1979. In July, Carter signed Executive Order 12148 shifting disaster relief efforts to the new federal-level agency. FEMA absorbed

7426-561: The shooter's manifesto, which expressed Christian motives for killing Jews, resulted in a social media debate among Christian pastors. Rev. Duke Kwon of the Presbyterian Church in America expressed concern that the shooter could articulate a Christian theology of personal salvation while also espousing anti-Semitism . He and other ministers denied that Christian theology and Scripture provide support for anti-Semitism. In December 2019,

7520-474: The shooting and signed with Earnest's name. It said that Jews were preparing a "meticulously planned genocide of the European race", an expression of the white genocide conspiracy theory . In the manifesto, he denied that he had learned anti-semitic beliefs from his family. He apparently attempted to livestream the shooting on Facebook , but failed. The manifesto was said by The Washington Post to "mirror"

7614-421: The shooting, despite four hours of surgery. After Earnest fled, Goldstein spoke to the congregation despite his injury, telling them to stay strong. Jonathan Morales, an off-duty United States Border Patrolman who was a member of the synagogue, opened fire and hit Earnest's car multiple times, but he fled uninjured. Shortly thereafter, the shooter phoned 9-1-1 and reported the shooting himself. Earnest

7708-466: The shooting. Earnest made a joking mention of PewDiePie and referenced "The Day of the Rope", an event from William Luther Pierce 's neo-Nazi novel The Turner Diaries (1978), in which African Americans and Hispanics are executed and urged more violent attacks. He condemned President Donald Trump as a pro-Zionist traitor. A month before the shooting, on March 24, 2019, Earnest attempted to burn down

7802-525: The synagogue by a San Diego police officer. A month before the shooting, Earnest had attempted to burn down a mosque in Escondido . In September 2021, Earnest was sentenced by a state court in San Diego County to life in prison without the possibility of parole, plus an additional 121 years to life and another 16 years as part of a plea agreement. In December, he was sentenced in federal court to life in prison with no chance of parole, plus 30 years, with

7896-613: The synagogue captured video of the shooting. The attack occurred exactly six months after the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting . John Timothy Earnest (born June 8, 1999), a then 19-year-old male from the San Diego neighborhood of Rancho Peñasquitos , was identified as the shooter. He was a 2017 graduate of Mt. Carmel High School and a nursing school student at California State University San Marcos . Officials said he had no previous criminal record or contacts with police, and no known connection to any white supremacist group. Earnest

7990-484: The trial would not occur until at least March 15, 2021. On July 20, 2021, Earnest pleaded guilty to the charges. On September 30, 2021, Earnest, then 22, was sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole, plus an additional 121 years to life and another 16 years as part of a plea agreement reached with the San Diego County District Attorney's Office. On December 28, 2021, Earnest

8084-533: The vision of further unification of functions and another reorganization could not address the problems FEMA had previously faced. The "Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina", released February 15, 2006, by the U.S. Government Printing Office, revealed that federal funding to states for "all hazards" disaster preparedness needs

8178-712: The waiving of duties and tariffs to the merchants of New York City after the Great Fire of New York (1835) . After the collapse of the John T. Ford 's Theater in June 1893, the 54th Congress passed legislation compensating those who were injured in the building. After the start of the Great Depression in 1929, President Herbert Hoover had commissioned the Reconstruction Finance Corporation in 1932. The purpose of

8272-550: Was a member of the Escondido Orthodox Presbyterian Church, which is affiliated with the theologically traditionalist Orthodox Presbyterian Church . Earnest had recently expressed white supremacist views to his college classmates and family, including saying that he studied Adolf Hitler and admired the manifesto of the perpetrator of the Christchurch mosque shootings , and had made racist statements at

8366-677: Was absorbed into DHS effective March 1, 2003. As a result, FEMA became part of the Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate of Department of Homeland Security, employing more than 2,600 full-time employees. It became Federal Emergency Management Agency again on March 31, 2007, but remained in DHS. President Bush appointed Michael D. Brown as FEMA's director in January 2003. Brown warned in September 2003 that FEMA's absorption into DHS would make

8460-400: Was apprehended approximately two miles (3.2 km) from the synagogue by a San Diego police officer responding to the shooting. Earnest left his car and surrendered, and was taken into custody without incident. The rifle, a tactical helmet, and five loaded 10 round magazines, were recovered from Earnest's car. Earnest was wearing a tactical vest when he was arrested. Surveillance cameras at

8554-432: Was extinguished before any major damage to the mosque or injuries occurred. Someone outside the building noticed the fire and called 9-1-1. The mosque's CCTV recorded an individual breaking the lock on the mosque's parking lot gate and entering, before using a flammable liquid to set the mosque on fire. Escondido police lieutenant Chris Lick told the media that no suspect had been determined yet and that it looked like

8648-482: Was not awarded unless the local agencies made the purposes for the funding a "just terrorism" function. Emergency management professionals testified that funds for preparedness for natural hazards were given less priority than preparations for counter-terrorism measures. Testimony also expressed the opinion that the mission to mitigate vulnerability and prepare for natural hazard disasters before they occurred had been separated from disaster preparedness functions, making

8742-673: Was scheduled for May 30 and a preliminary hearing for July 8. On May 14, Earnest was arraigned in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California in San Diego on 109 federal charges: 54 counts of obstruction of free exercise of religious beliefs using a dangerous weapon resulting in death, bodily injury and attempts to kill; 54 counts of hate crimes under the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act ; and one count of damage to

8836-432: Was wearing a tactical vest containing five magazines of ten rounds each. In the foyer, he shot and killed 60-year-old Lori Gilbert-Kaye with two bullets, and then wounded Rabbi Yisroel Goldstein, who had founded the congregation. According to witnesses, Gilbert-Kaye had tried to shield the rabbi from the gunman. Earnest then turned to a side room occupied by several people, including a number of children. He fired into

#310689