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65-651: The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California . The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard . Established in the Constitution of California , the governor's responsibilities also include submitting the budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and making the annual State of the State address to
130-433: A self-governing colony , autonomous region , or other government who often presides over a cabinet , a group of ministers or secretaries who lead executive departments. In diplomacy , "head of government" is differentiated from " head of state ". The authority of a head of government, such as a president, chancellor, or prime minister, and the relationship between that position and other state institutions, such as
195-513: A Top 40 pop song in early 1971. Its title was the same as that of his album, Burning Bridges , which was written and composed by Lalo Schifrin and Mike Curb. The song was used as the theme of Brian G. Hutton 's film Kelly's Heroes , which starred Clint Eastwood . The song reached No. 1 in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Mike Curb's group, The Mike Curb Congregation, had the adult contemporary song " Sweet Gingerbread Man ," which
260-499: A broader sense, a head of government can be used loosely when referring to various comparable positions under a dominant head of state (especially is the case of ancient or feudal eras, so the term "head of government", in this case, could be considered a contradiction in terms). In this case, the prime minister serves at the pleasure of the monarch and holds no more power than the monarch allows. Some such titles are diwan, mahamantri , pradhan , wasir or vizier . However, just because
325-422: A head of government is Prime Minister . This is used as a formal title in many states, but may also be an informal generic term to refer to whichever office is considered the principal minister under an otherwise styled head of state , as minister — Latin for servants or subordinates—is a common title for members of a government (but many other titles are in use, e.g. chancellor and secretary of state). Formally
390-649: A house at 1034 Audubon Drive , Memphis, which was once owned by Elvis Presley. Curb renovated the house and turned it over to the Mike Curb Institute at Rhodes College . In Nashville , Curb has become a civic leader and benefactor of Belmont University , where his donation toward the construction of a new arena resulted in it being named the Curb Event Center . The university includes the Mike Curb College of Entertainment and Music Business. Curb endowed
455-660: A limit of two terms, if served after November 6, 1990. Governors take the following oath: I (Governor) do solemnly swear that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of California against all enemies foreign and domestic, that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of California, that I take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion and that I will well and faithfully discharge
520-550: Is a co-owner of the Curb Agajanian Performance Group , a team that has won ten national championships. His sponsorship and ownership have included three of NASCAR's most celebrated drivers. He owned Richard Petty 's famed No. 43 car in 1984 and 1985, during which Petty achieved his 199th and 200th career wins. Curb was also a sponsor for Dale Earnhardt during his 1980 Winston Cup championship winning season, and sponsored Darrell Waltrip 's No. 12 Toyota Tundra in
585-758: Is alleged that the increased personalisation of leadership in a number of states has led to heads of government becoming themselves "semi-presidential" figures, due in part to media coverage of politics that focuses on the leader and his or her mandate, rather than on parliament; and to the increasing centralisation of power in the hands of the head of government. Such allegations have been made against three former British Prime ministers: Margaret Thatcher , Tony Blair , and Boris Johnson . They were also made against Italian prime ministers Silvio Berlusconi and Matteo Renzi , Canadian prime minister Pierre Trudeau and Federal Chancellor of West Germany (later all of Germany), Helmut Kohl , when in power. The head of government
650-667: Is also the president of the California State Senate. The official residence of the California governor is the California Governor's Mansion , in Sacramento. The mansion has served as the residence of 14 governors, while others have declined to reside in the mansion, preferring to arrange for private residential arrangements. It is also one of the official workplaces for the governor. The governor's primary official workplace
715-445: Is also usually the head of government. The relationship between that leader and the government, however, can vary greatly, ranging from separation of powers to autocracy , according to the constitution (or other basic laws) of the particular state. In semi-presidential systems , the head of government may answer to both the head of state and the legislature with the specifics provided by each country's constitution. A modern example
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#1732855988004780-539: Is located within the California State Capitol in Sacramento. The Stanford Mansion , in Sacramento, serves as one of the official workplaces for the governor, as well as the official reception center for the California government . Head of government In the executive branch, the head of government is the highest or the second-highest official of a sovereign state , a federated state , or
845-463: Is often provided with an official residence , often in the same fashion as heads of state often are. The name of the residence is often used as a metonym or alternative title for 'the government' when the office is politically the highest, e.g. in the UK "Downing Street announced today…" Well-known official residences of heads of government include: Similarly, heads of government of federal entities below
910-452: Is separately elected during the same election, not jointly as the running mate of the gubernatorial candidate. As such, California had governors and lieutenant governors of different parties for nearly 27 of the 33 years between 1978 and 2011, whereas previously, this had only occurred in 1875, 1887, 1895 and 1916–1917 due to the resignation or death of an incumbent governor or lieutenant governor. This occasionally becomes significant, since
975-893: Is the chairman of Word Entertainment . He was inducted into the West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame in 2006. Curb is a member of the Republican Party and served as the 42nd lieutenant governor of California from 1979 to 1983. As of 2024, Curb is the most recent Republican to be elected Lieutenant Governor of California. Curb was born in Savannah, Georgia , to Charles McCloud Curb and Stella "Stout" Curb. He grew up in Southern California's San Fernando Valley . He has one sister. After attending Grant High School , he attended San Fernando Valley State College (now California State University, Northridge ). His maternal grandmother
1040-539: Is the present French government, which originated as the French Fifth Republic in 1958. In France, the president , the head of state, appoints the prime minister , who is the head of government. However, the president must choose someone who can act effectively as an executive, but who also enjoys the support of France's legislature, the National Assembly , to be able to pass legislation. In some cases,
1105-503: The Billy Jack films), Maryjane (1968), The Wild Racers (1968), The Savage Seven (1968), The Big Bounce (1969), The Sidehackers (1969) and Black Water Gold (1970). Curb has composed or supervised more than 50 film scores and written over 400 songs. In 1969, he co-wrote a new theme for the TV series American Bandstand ; the theme was used until 1974. Curb had
1170-656: The California State Legislature . The position was created in 1849, the year before California became a state. The current governor of California is Democrat Gavin Newsom , who was inaugurated on January 7, 2019. A candidate for governor must be a U.S. citizen and a registered voter within the state, must not have been convicted of a felony involving bribery, embezzlement, or extortion, and must not have served two terms since November 6, 1990. Governors are elected by popular ballot and serve terms of four years, with
1235-636: The Craftsman Truck Series , driven by Joey Miller in 2006. Curb-Agajanian also ran cars for many years in the Indianapolis 500 , including for Dan Wheldon and Alexander Rossi , with whom he won the 2011 and 2016 Indianapolis 500s respectively. Curb was the co-owner with Richard Childress of the No. 98 Chevrolet driven by Austin Dillon. Curb was the only car owner to win in all 10 NASCAR auto racing series in
1300-794: The Hollywood Walk of Fame . CSU Channel Islands dedicated the Mike Curb Studio in Napa Hall at the Camarillo, California campus on October 21, 2010. The studio is a post-production and film and video production facility. In 2014, Curb was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Tennessee and in 2016, he was inducted into the Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame. He
1365-614: The North Carolina Music Hall of Fame in 2009. In August 2006, Curb pledged $ 10 million to California State University, Northridge (CSUN) (in Los Angeles) to endow his alma mater's arts college and provide a lead gift for the university's regional performing arts center. Of the $ 10 million gift, $ 5 million supported CSUN's College of Arts, Media, and Communication, one of the university's largest colleges that offers degree and certificate programs for more than 4,400 students. Of
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#17328559880041430-498: The California Constitution provides that all the powers of the governor fall to the lieutenant governor whenever the governor is not in the state of California, with the lieutenant governor sometimes signing or vetoing legislation or making political appointments whenever the governor leaves the state. In practice, there is a gentlemen's agreement for the lieutenant governor not to perform more than perfunctory duties while
1495-586: The Chinese Communist Party ( top leader in a one-party system) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of transition . In directorial systems , the executive responsibilities of the head of government are spread among a group of people. A prominent example is the Swiss Federal Council , where each member of the council heads a department and also votes on proposals relating to all departments. The most common title for
1560-778: The Curb Center and the Curb Creative Campus program at Vanderbilt University and the Mike Curb Institute of Music at Rhodes College in Memphis . In 2024, he made the largest ever donation to Belmont, contributing $ 58 million to expand the Curb College's presence on Music Row. In 2001, Curb was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame. Curb was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame in 2003 and
1625-706: The December 28, 1979, edition of the San Francisco Chronicle , "...the California Supreme Court ruled yesterday that when the governor is out of state, the lieutenant governor is free to exercise all powers of the chief executive...". Curb worked with Harvey Milk on the campaign against the Briggs Initiative , a ballot initiative that would have banned gays and lesbians from working in public schools. He persuaded President Reagan to oppose it, and it
1690-447: The Judds , Lyle Lovett , Natalie Grant , Ray Stevens , Rodney Atkins , Jo Dee Messina , Sawyer Brown , Lee Brice , Dylan Scott , Hannah Ellis , Harper Grace and For King & Country . in 1970, Billboard reported that Curb, as president of MGM Records, fired 18 acts for what Curb believed was their promotion of hard drugs in their songs. Curb said, "Drug groups are the cancer of
1755-748: The Late Model All American Series, the Modifieds and the K&;N East and West Series. Curb is also a long-time sponsor of ThorSport Racing in the Truck Series, as part-owner of the team's No. 98 Ford driven by Ty Majeski . He maintained a similar partnership with Phil Parsons Racing in the Cup Series, which also ran the No. 98. Parsons drivers Christopher Bell and Rico Abreu won the 2013 and 2014 USAC National Midget tours. In 2006, Curb purchased
1820-517: The Love of Sunshine ". Curb served as chairman of the Inaugural Youth Concert for President Richard Nixon 's second term on January 20, 1973. He enlisted many artists from MGM records as well as others to perform for the historic event. Solomon Burke , The Mob , Jimmy Osmond , Tommy Roe , Ray Stevens , The Sylvers , The Don Costa Orchestra , and Laurie Lea Schaefer were on the stage for
1885-664: The Sylvers , Eric Burdon , War , Richie Havens , the Five Man Electrical Band , Gloria Gaynor , Johnny Bristol , Exile , The Four Seasons and the Dutch singer Heintje Simons and The Mob (Chicago band) to his labels. Curb ran a short-lived country music subsidiary label for Motown called Hitsville Records. He co-wrote the lyrics for "It Was a Good Time". He received BMI awards for composing "Burning Bridges" for Clint Eastwood 's Kelly's Heroes , and for composing " All for
1950-907: The United States – the NASCAR Cup Series , the Xfinity Series (formerly the Nationwide series and Busch Series), the Craftsman Truck Series (formerly the Gander Outdoors Truck Series and Camping World Truck Series), the Grand-Am Rolex Daytona Prototype National Sports Car Series (now the IMSA SportsCar Championship merged with American Le Mans), the IMSA GT Series (formerly IMSA Camel GT), Continental Series (formerly IMSA GTS),
2015-465: The ballot in California. The 2003 recall election began with a petition drive that forced Democratic governor Gray Davis into a recall election, which he lost. He was replaced by Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger . It was the first time that a California governor was voted out of office. In addition to the successful 2003 recall, current governor Gavin Newsom faced a recall election in 2021 , which he defeated. The lieutenant governor of California
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2080-417: The basis of the strength of party support in the lower house; in some other states, the head of government is directly elected by parliament. Many parliamentary systems require ministers to serve in parliament, while others ban ministers from sitting in parliament (they must resign on becoming ministers). Heads of government are typically removed from power in a parliamentary system by Constitutions differ in
2145-572: The cabinet, controls domestic policy, with the president's influence largely restricted to foreign affairs. In communist states , the General Secretary of the Communist Party is the supreme leader, serving as de facto head of state and government. In China , the de jure head of government is the Premier . The Chinese president is legally a ceremonial office , but the General Secretary of
2210-466: The collegial Government , whose members are all appointed and dismissed at the Prime Minister's sole discretion. Under the unwritten British constitution , the prime minister 's role has evolved, based often on the individual's personal appeal and strength of character, as contrasted between, for example, Winston Churchill as against Clement Attlee , Margaret Thatcher as against John Major . It
2275-578: The duties upon which I am about to enter. Governors take office on the first Monday after January 1 after their election. Two methods exist to remove a governor. The governor can be impeached for "misconduct in office" by the State Assembly and removed by a two-thirds vote of the State Senate . Petitions signed by California state voters equal to 12% of the last vote for the office of governor (with signatures from each of five counties equal to 1% of
2340-579: The earliest contemporary Christian music artists. Curb wrote and produced music for the Hanna-Barbera animated series Cattanooga Cats . The theme for the cartoon series Hot Wheels is credited to Mike Curb and the Curbstones. In the 1970s, Curb wrote and produced for Roy Orbison , Marie Osmond and the Osmond Family , Lou Rawls , Sammy Davis Jr. and Solomon Burke . He also signed artists such as
2405-406: The gift, $ 4 million went into a general endowment for the college, and $ 1 million endowed a faculty chair specializing in music industry studies. As a result, the college was named in his honor. Studies with in the Mike Curb College of Arts, Media, and Communication include Media, Arts, Music, Business, Journalism, and Communication Studies. On June 29, 2007, Curb was honored with the 2,341st star on
2470-456: The government and provides (e.g. by turns) the ceremonial Head of state. The only state in which this system is currently employed is Switzerland but other countries such as Uruguay have employed it in the past . This system is described as the directorial system . See Head of state for further explanation of these cases. In parliamentary systems, government functions along the following lines: All of these requirements directly impact
2535-448: The governor is away from the state: this agreement was violated when Mike Curb was in office, as he signed several executive orders at odds with the Brown administration when Brown was out of the state. Court rulings have upheld the lieutenant governor's right to perform the duties and assume all of the prerogatives of governor while the governor is out of the state. The lieutenant governor
2600-449: The head of government's role. Consequently, they often play a 'day to day' role in parliament, answering questions and defending the government on the 'floor of the House', while in semi-presidential systems they may not be required to play as much of a role in the functioning of parliament. In many countries, the head of government is commissioned by the head of state to form a government, on
2665-477: The head of state can also be the head of government as well ( ex officio or by ad hoc cumulation, such as a ruling monarch exercising all powers himself) but otherwise has formal precedence over the head of government and other ministers, whether he is their actual political superior (ruling monarch, executive president) or rather theoretical or ceremonial in character (constitutional monarch, non-executive president). Various constitutions use different titles, and even
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2730-411: The head of state is a figurehead whilst the head of the government leads the ruling party. In some cases a head of government may even pass on the title in hereditary fashion. Such titles include the following: In some models the head of state and head of government are one and the same. These include: An alternative formula is a single chief political body (e.g., presidium ) which collectively leads
2795-434: The head of state is the de jure dominant position does not mean that he/she will not always be the de facto political leader. A skilled head of government like 19th-century German statesman Otto von Bismarck , Minister President of Prussia and later Chancellor of Germany under Emperor / King Wilhelm I , serves as an example showing that possession of formal powers does not equal political influence. In some cases,
2860-480: The head of state may represent one political party but the majority in the National Assembly is of a different party. Given that the majority party has greater control over state funding and primary legislation , the president is in effect forced to choose a prime minister from the opposition party to ensure an effective, functioning legislature. In this case, known as cohabitation , the prime minister, along with
2925-410: The head of state, such as a governor-general , may well be housed in a grander, palace-type residence. However, this is not the case when both positions are combined into one: Mike Curb Michael Curb (born December 24, 1944) is an American musician, record company executive, motorsports car owner, philanthropist, and former politician. He is the founder and chairman of Curb Records and
2990-422: The incumbent Democrat, Leo T. McCarthy , losing a bitterly contested race, largely run on the issue of punishment for drug trafficking and violent crimes. A vocal opponent of drug use, Curb advocated extension of the death penalty to include drug pushers whose narcotics trafficking resulted in a death. As of 2024, Curb is the last Republican to be elected to Lieutenant Governor of California to date; Abel Maldonado
3055-433: The industry. Their effect on young people who are their fans or followers is devastating. When they appear smashed out of their minds and describe musically a great experience they had on LSD, they are glorifying hard drugs. I credit hard drug record acts with hundreds and hundreds of new young drug users." Curb has always disputed that any acts were dropped from MGM only for drug-related reasons. Billboard reported that Curb
3120-480: The label by then to sign with Atlantic Records , who released their fourth studio album Loaded . Also, when Eric Burdon , who was an advocate of psychedelics, dared Curb to release him from his contract although he was his biggest selling artist, Curb acquiesced. Burdon also launched a campaign—by distributing bumper stickers—called Curb the Clap. Curb claimed industry support, and the record company official he cited
3185-474: The last vote for governor in the county) can launch a gubernatorial recall election . The voters can then vote on whether or not to recall the incumbent governor, and on the same ballot can vote for a potential replacement. If a majority of the voters in the election vote to recall the governor, then the person who gains a plurality of the votes in the replacement race will become governor. Only two governor recall attempts have ever gained enough signatures to make
3250-399: The legislature. Although there is often a formal reporting relationship to a head of state , the latter usually acts as a figurehead who may take the role of chief executive on limited occasions, either when receiving constitutional advice from the head of government or under specific provisions in a constitution. In presidential republics or in absolute monarchies , the head of state
3315-426: The level of the sovereign state (often without an actual head of state, at least under international law) may also be given an official residence, sometimes used as an opportunity to display aspirations of statehood: Usually, the residence of the heads of government is not as prestigious and grand as that of the head of state, even if the head of state only performs ceremonial duties. Even the formal representative of
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#17328559880043380-469: The practical reality for the Prime Minister of Belgium and the Prime Minister of Finland . Other states however, make their head of government a central and dominant figure within the cabinet system; Ireland's Taoiseach , for example, alone can decide when to seek a parliamentary dissolution, in contrast to other countries where this is a cabinet decision, with the Prime Minister just one member voting on
3445-407: The range and scope of powers granted to the head of government. Some older constitutions; for example, Australia's 1900 text , and Belgium's 1830 text ; do not mention their prime ministerial offices at all, the offices became a de facto political reality without a formal constitutional status. Some constitutions make a Prime Minister primus inter pares ( first among equals ) and that remains
3510-409: The relation between the head of state and of the legislature, varies greatly among sovereign states, depending largely on the particular system of the government that has been chosen, won, or evolved over time. In most parliamentary systems , including constitutional monarchies , the head of government is the de facto political leader of the government, and is answerable to at least one chamber of
3575-406: The same title can have various multiple meanings, depending on the constitutional order and political system of the state in question. In addition to prime minister, titles used for the democratic model, where there is an elected legislative body checking the head of government, include the following. Some of these titles relate to governments below the national level (e.g. states or provinces). In
3640-542: The suggestion. In Israel , while the Government is nominally a collegiate body with a primus inter pares role for the Prime Minister , the Israeli Prime Minister is the dominant figure in the executive branch in practice. The Prime Minister of Sweden , under the 1974 Instrument of Government , is a constitutional office with all key executive powers either directly at his or her disposal or indirectly through
3705-499: The young audience. He served as emcee for the program. In 2021, Fisk Jubilee Singers won Grammy awards for Celebrating Fisk! (The 150th Anniversary Album) under Best Roots Gospel Album category. The album was produced for Curb Records : Mike Curb and Paul Kwami won a Grammy Award. Curb Records marked its 60th anniversary in 2023, with Mike Curb still at the helm. Over the years, Curb Records has been home to Wynonna Judd , Tim McGraw , LeAnn Rimes , Hank Williams Jr. ,
3770-528: Was from the film The Magic Garden of Stanley Sweetheart , on music charts in 1970. The group collaborated with the Sherman Brothers on the composition " It's a Small World ," which reached the Top Ten Billboard AC in 1973. Also in 1970, they performed "I Was Born In Love With You," the theme song of Wuthering Heights , as the title song for Frank Sinatra 's Dirty Dingus Magee . The group
3835-456: Was Bill Gallagher, the president of Paramount Records . Columbia Records president Clive Davis said Curb was "grandstanding", and that his anti-drug stance had made him "a minor hero of the Nixon administration ." In 1997, Curb stated the affair had happened at a time when "you were considered a freak if you spoke out against drugs." Encouraged to enter politics in part by Ronald Reagan , Curb
3900-502: Was alarmed by the drug-related deaths of Janis Joplin , Jimi Hendrix , and Alan Wilson of Canned Heat . Among the musicians incorrectly thought to be included in the purge were The Velvet Underground and Frank Zappa 's group The Mothers of Invention . Zappa, however, spoke out against drug use throughout his career and, by early 1969, had fulfilled his MGM/Verve contract and moved to his own Bizarre Records label, distributed by Warner Bros. The Velvet Underground had already left
3965-498: Was appointed by then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger to fill a vacancy when the former previous Lieutenant Governor John Garamendi resigned to take a congressional seat. In 1980, Curb was co-chairman of Ronald Reagan's successful presidential campaign. Curb was also chairman of the convention program in Detroit and was later appointed by Reagan to be chairman of the national finance committee. A motorsport enthusiast, Curb
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#17328559880044030-460: Was defeated. In 2023, Curb achieved a major victory in his challenge to Tennessee Governor Bill Lee, where the court declared it unconstitutional to force private businesses to post discriminatory LGBT signs. In 1982, Curb lost the Republican gubernatorial nomination to California Attorney General George Deukmejian . In 1986, Curb ran again for lieutenant governor as the Republican nominee against
4095-473: Was elected Lieutenant Governor of California in 1978, defeating the incumbent Democrat, Mervyn M. Dymally . Democratic candidate Jerry Brown was re-elected governor in the same year. During much 1979–1980, when Brown was out of the state campaigning to become the Democratic presidential candidate, Curb was acting governor , vetoing legislation, issuing executive orders and making appointments. According to
4160-590: Was featured on Sammy Davis Jr. 's No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hit of 1972, " The Candy Man " (the Aubrey Woods version was featured in the film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory ). They sang backup on Jud Strunk 's 1973 hit " Daisy a Day ". The group was featured regularly on Glen Campbell 's CBS television show. In 1969, Curb signed Christian rock pioneer Larry Norman , DeGarmo & Key, 2nd Chapter of Acts, and Debby Boone - artists considered to be
4225-517: Was of Mexican heritage. In 1963 and at the age of 18, Curb formed Sidewalk Records and helped start the careers of multiple West Coast rock and roll artists. In 1969, his company merged with MGM Records . He became president of both MGM Records and Verve Records , which then formed Curb Records. Curb scored the music for the short film Skaterdater (1965) as well as The Wild Angels (1966), Thunder Alley (1967), Devil's Angels (1967), The Born Losers (1967) (the first of
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