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41-645: Attorney Charles A. Hawkins was Jones' nephew and helped the Jones family publishing empire expand. In 1899, John Engwall was appointed President by the board of the National Publishing Company. He was the brother of Victor Theodor Engwall and assisted the company with funding during the late 19th century. This article about a United States publishing company is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Victor Theodor Engwall Victor Theodor Engwall (24 July 1827 - 28 February 1908)

82-502: A " fruit brandy " or "fruit spirit" or named using the specific fruit, such as "peach brandy", rather than just generically as "brandy". If pomace is the raw material, the beverage may be called " pomace brandy ", "marc brandy", "grape marc", "fruit marc spirit", or "grape marc spirit", "marc" being the pulp residue after the juice has been pressed from the fruit. Grape pomace brandy may be designated as " grappa " or "grappa brandy". Apple brandy may be referred to as "applejack" , although

123-546: A brandy factory in Tbilisi , Georgia, a crossroads for Turkish, Central Asian, and Persian trade routes and a part of the Russian Empire at the time. Except for a few major producers, brandy production and consumption tend to have a regional character, and thus production methods significantly vary. Wine brandy is produced from a variety of grape cultivars. A special selection of cultivars, providing distinct aroma and character,

164-500: A joint company the same year, called Vict. Th. Engwall Co . In 1871, they further expanded into construction and registered Eng. & Blom. bostads- och kontors ( English : Eng. & Blom. residence’s and office’s ) in order to construct a new residential as well as office building at Nygatan 28. In 1872, Engwall bought out his partner and constructed a new building on Norra Skeppsbron 4-7, Aderholmen. Engwall operated Gävle's last match factory between 1869 and 1878. He had acquired

205-488: A letter of recommendation from Otto Dahl himself. The recommendation letter has been preserved by the Engwall family. "In recognition of his faithful and modest conduct, I, Otto Dahl, shall attest to Victor's trustworthy character, thus commendation to anyone who would consider employing him". Following the recommendation Engwall joined the merchant D.J. Poppelman's  [ sv ] establishment. Poppelman's grandfather

246-418: A more intense flavour in some soups, notably onion soup. In English Christmas cooking, brandy is a common flavouring in traditional foods such as Christmas cake , brandy butter , and Christmas pudding . It is also commonly used in drinks such as mulled wine and eggnog , drunk during the festive season. Brandy is used to flambé dishes such as crêpe Suzette and cherries jubilee while serving. Brandy

287-482: A single distillation. A portion was ignited to test the purity of the rectified spirit of wine. The liquor was good if a fire consumed the entire contents without leaving any impurities behind. Another, better test involved putting a little gunpowder in the bottom of the spirit. The liquor was good if the gunpowder could ignite after the spirit was consumed by fire. (Hence the modern " proof " to describe alcohol content.) As most brandies have been distilled from grapes,

328-482: Is traditionally poured over a Christmas pudding and set alight before serving. The use of flambé can retain as much as 75% of the alcohol in the brandy. In the 19th century, brandy was often used as medical treatment due to its alleged "stimulating" qualities. It was also used by many European explorers of tropical Africa, who suggested that regular, moderate doses of brandy might help a traveller to cope with fever, depression, and stress. These views fell out of favour in

369-409: Is typically consumed as an after-dinner digestif . Some brandies are aged in wooden casks . Others are coloured with caramel colouring to imitate the effect of aging, and some are produced using a combination of aging and colouring. Varieties of wine brandy can be found across the winemaking world. Among the most renowned are Cognac and Armagnac from south-western France . In a broader sense,

410-457: Is used for high-quality brandies, while cheaper ones are made from whichever wine is available. Brandy is made from so-called base wine , which significantly differs from regular table wines. It is made from early grapes to achieve higher acid concentration and lower sugar levels. Base wine generally contains smaller amounts (up to 20 mg/L) of sulphur than regular wines, as it creates undesired copper(II) sulfate in reaction with copper in

451-631: The Ararat brandy brand was established in Yerevan , Armenia. It became one of the top brandy brands over time and during the Yalta Conference , Winston Churchill was so impressed with the Armenian brandy Dvin given to him by Joseph Stalin that he asked for several cases of it to be sent to him each year. Reportedly 400 bottles of Dvin were shipped to Churchill annually. In 1884, David Sarajishvili founded

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492-401: The pot stills . The yeast sediment produced during the fermentation may or may not be kept in the wine, depending on the brandy style. Brandy is distilled from the base wine in two phases. First, a large part of water and solids is removed from the base, obtaining so-called "low wine", a concentrated wine with 28–30% ABV. In the second stage, low wine is distilled into brandy. The liquid exits

533-527: The 15th century. In the early 16th-century French brandy helped kickstart the cross-Atlantic triangle trade when it took over the central role of the Portuguese fortified wine due to its higher alcohol content and ease of shipping. Canoemen and guards on the African side of the trade were generally paid in brandy. By the late 17th century, the cheaper rum had replaced brandy as the exchange alcohol of choice in

574-451: The 1728 edition of Cyclopaedia , the following method was used to distill brandy: A cucurbit was filled half full of the liquor from which brandy was to be drawn and then raised with a little fire until about one-sixth part was distilled, or until that which falls into the receiver was entirely flammable. This liquor, distilled only once, was called the spirit of wine or brandy . Purified by another distillation (or several more), this

615-682: The English term "brandy", but outside the German-speaking countries , it is particularly used to designate brandy from Austria and Germany . Brandy has a traditional age grading system, although its use is unregulated outside of Cognac and Armagnac . These indicators can usually be found on the label near the brand name: In the case of Brandy de Jerez , the Consejo Regulador de la Denominacion Brandy de Jerez classifies it according to: Russian brandy (traditionally called "Cognac" within

656-538: The Gävle-Dala Railway and after three years, in 1859 the construction was completed. The Gävle-Dala Railway made Gävle during the 1860s a pivotal trade hub with the Engwall's implementing mandatory alight for transports of metals, charcoal and rebar from the mines in Northern Sweden . Engwall is said to have promoted the alight due to the selected Gävle-Dala Railway’s  [ sv ] station for alight

697-452: The appearance of barrel ageing. Brandy is traditionally served at room temperature ( neat ) from a snifter , a wine glass or a tulip glass . When consumned at room temperature, it is often slightly warmed by holding the glass cupped in the palm or by gentle heating. Excessive heating of brandy may cause the alcohol vapour to become too strong, causing its aroma to become overpowering. Brandy-drinkers who like their brandy warmed may ask for

738-476: The estate burned down. After the fire, Engwall resided at the family's summer residence, Lyckan . In 1870, the family decided to relocate to Stockholm. The family considered transferring the company's operations to the capital and had discussed acquiring the Wallenberg family's house on Kungsgrädgardsgatan . In 1871, Victor Engwall's family relocated back to the summer residence, Lyckan. Esther Engwall, who

779-399: The financial burden imposed by pursuing priesthood and had him drop out. In 1844, Engwall's mother passed away. His father Jonas Engwall relocated and remarried. Engwall detailed in his chronicle published posthumus that he then worked as a "trade clerk" for Otto Dahl at the age of 15. In 1845, Engwall parted ways with Otto Dahl through an "amicable agreement". Victor Engwall received

820-702: The glass to be heated before the brandy is poured. Brandy may be added to other beverages to make several popular cocktails ; these include the Brandy Sour , the Brandy Alexander , the Sidecar , the Brandy Daisy , and the Brandy Old Fashioned . Anglo-Indian usage has "brandy-pawnee" (brandy with water). Brandy is a common deglazing liquid used in making pan sauces for steak and other meat. It creates

861-490: The late nineteenth and early twentieth century, with suggestions that people were using brandy's "medical" qualities as an excuse for social drinking. The term brandy is a shortening of the archaic English brandewine or brandywine , which was derived from the Dutch word brandewijn , itself derived from gebrande wijn , which literally means "burned wine" and whose cognates include brännvin and brennivín . In Germany,

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902-598: The match factory in 1869 prior to the Gävle city fire for 25,000 Riksdaler . Engwall passed away on February 28, 1908, at the age of 80. Published posthumous, the Engwall chronicle details his life. Engwall, born "the poor son of a blacksmith", at the time of his death was one of the wealthiest individuals in Sweden . He had ten children. Brandy Brandy is a liquor produced by distilling wine . Brandy generally contains 35–60% alcohol by volume (70–120 US proof ) and

943-403: The original distilled spirit. In addition to removing water, the distillation process led to the formation and decomposition of numerous aromatic compounds, fundamentally altering the distillate composition from its source. Non-volatile substances such as pigments, sugars, and salts remained behind in the still. As a result, the distillate taste was often quite unlike the sources. As described in

984-414: The pot still in three phases, referred to as the "heads", "heart", and "tails", respectively. The first part, the "head", has an alcohol concentration of about 83% (166 US proof) and an unpleasant odour. The weak portion on the end, the "tail", is discarded along with the head, and they are generally mixed with another batch of low wine, thereby entering the distillation cycle again. The middle heart fraction,

1025-537: The primary focus of the company. In 1860, Engwall's general trading company ceased operations. By 1861, Engwall sourced common goods from Stockholm and Southern Sweden. He also imported colonial goods from Germany and Holland . The Engwall's profited from the absence of railway and infrastructure in Norrland during the 1850s. Gävle served as a crucial shipping point for Dalarna , Bergslagen and Hälsingland during this time. In 1856, Vict. Th. Engwall Co financed

1066-509: The process of jacking which was originally used in its production involved no distillation. There is also a product called "grain brandy" that is made from grain spirits. Within particular jurisdictions, specific regulatory requirements regarding the labelling of products identified as brandy exist. For example: Within the European Union, the German term Weinbrand is legally equivalent to

1107-521: The regions of the world producing excellent brandies have roughly paralleled those areas producing grapes for viniculture. At the end of the 19th century, the western European markets, including by extension their overseas empires, were dominated by French and Spanish brandies and eastern Europe was dominated by brandies from the Black Sea region , including Bulgaria , the Crimea , Georgia and Armenia . In 1877,

1148-402: The richest in aromas and flavours, is preserved for later maturation. Distillation does not simply enhance the alcohol content of wine. The heat under which the product is distilled and the material of the still (usually copper) cause chemical reactions during distillation. This leads to the formation of numerous new volatile aroma components, changes in relative amounts of aroma components in

1189-408: The term Branntwein refers to any distilled spirits, while Weinbrand refers specifically to distilled wine from grapes. In the general colloquial usage of the term, brandy may also be made from pomace and from fermented fruit other than grapes. If a beverage comes from a particular fruit (or multiple fruits) other than exclusively grapes, or from the must of such fruit, it may be referred to as

1230-478: The term brandy also denotes liquors obtained from the distillation of pomace (yielding pomace brandy ), or mash or wine of any other fruit ( fruit brandy ). These products are also called eau de vie (literally "water of life" in French ). The origins of brandy are tied to the development of distillation . While the process was known in classical times, it was not significantly used for beverage production until

1271-642: The trade house was “Victor Th. Engwalls Handelshus i Gefle” ( English : Victor Th. Engwall’s Tradehouse in Gefle ), and it opened under the company named Vict. Th. Engwall & Co KB in Gävle. In 1854, Victor Engwall married Christina Euphrosyne Norberg . Christina was the daughter of Lars Norberg  [ sv ] , a coachman, and his wife Beata Margareta Lundmark . Initially, Engwall's general trading company sold manufactures, fine china, and various miscellaneous goods. Within three years he decided to primarily focus on colonial goods and foodstuffs. The trade house

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1312-432: The triangle trade. Initially, wine was distilled as a preservation method and to make it easier for merchants to transport. It is also thought that wine was originally distilled to lessen the tax, which was assessed by volume. The intent was to add the water removed by distillation back to the brandy shortly before consumption. It was discovered that after being stored in wooden casks , the resulting product improved over

1353-533: The unaged brandy is placed into oak barrels to mature. Usually, brandies with a natural golden or brown colour are aged in oak casks (single-barrel ageing). Some brandies, particularly those from Spain, are aged using the solera system, where the producer changes the barrel each year. After a period of ageing, which depends on the style, class and legal requirements, the mature brandy is mixed with distilled water to reduce alcohol concentration and bottled. Some brandies have caramel colour and sugar added to simulate

1394-570: The wine, and the hydrolysis of components such as esters. Brandy is usually produced in pot stills ( batch distillation ), but the column still can also be used for continuous distillation . The distillate obtained in this manner has a higher alcohol concentration (approximately 90% ABV) and is less aromatic. The choice of the apparatus depends on the style of brandy produced. Cognac and South African brandy are examples of brandy produced in batches while many American brandies use fractional distillation in column stills. After distillation,

1435-542: Was Johan Poppelman  [ sv ] , founder of Poppelmans Bryggeri, an establishment vouched by Gustav II Adolf . Due to the connections of D.J. Poppelman, Engwall was able to establish himself in the socialite realm. On April 2, 1853, Engwall was able to obtain "status of a trading citizen", allowing him to trade and interfere in all spheres of business. In 1853, Engwall opened a trade house in Consul Wilhelm Eckell's  [ sv ] yard. The name of

1476-605: Was 4 years old, and Lydia Engwall, who was only 2 years old, opposed moving back to Lyckan due to gummies exclusively being available at Ladugardslandstorget  [ sv ] in Stockholm at that time. Thus the family established a candy shop. Once asked "What kind of children are you?" by an wayfarer the children replied with "We are the children of Happiness!", something that, locally, has become an anecdote for taking bribes. In 1870, Engwall built an acquaintanceship with industrialist J. Blomqvist. The two entrepreneurs registered

1517-584: Was a Swedish industrialist , merchant and philanthropist . He founded Vict. Th. Engwall & Co , predecessor to Gevalia , the largest coffee brand in Sweden. Engwall was born on 24 July 1827 in Gävle , Gävleborg County , Sweden. He was the son of blacksmith and inventor Jonas Olofsson Engwall and his wife Christina Bollner . At age seven he was admitted to the first standardised school in Stockholm , and soon after

1558-458: Was also admitted to a private school, Kongl. sekter Kindblad's privatskola . In that time period, Engwall's family moved to Karlberg Palace , near Stockholm. When he was twelve, Engwall decided to fulfil his late grandmother wishes for him to study Latin and pursue the priesthood, and enrolled in the Magister Haugwitz privatskola , which taught Latin. Engwall's parents later recognized

1599-403: Was called spirit of wine rectified . The second distillation was made in [a] balneo mariae and in a glass cucurbit, and the liquor was distilled to about one-half the quantity. This was further rectified as long as the operator thought it necessary to produce brandy. To shorten these several distillations, which were long and troublesome, a chemical instrument was invented that reduced them to

1640-465: Was located on the Valskvarn Co estate, a company Engwall had acquired in 1856, the same year he announced the financing for the project. In 1863, Engwall acquired a property located at Vastra Drottninggatan . The property served as the operational base for the business and accommodated residences, offices, stables, storage facilities and warehouses. In the Gävle city fire of 1869  [ sv ]

1681-524: Was successful in selling brandy , and in Gävle there is an anecdote ( have you sold too much brandy? ) attributed to Christina Engwall once commenting " It never goes well for us, you have sold too much brandy! ". In 1856, Engwall acted as a commission agent for various companies in Stockholm and Southern Sweden . The Engwalls sold goods to merchants in Falun , Hedemora , Söderhamn , Sveg , and other locations. This commissions based trade later became

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