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129-404: NXIVM ( / ˈ n ɛ k s i ə m / NEK -see-əm ) was a cult led by Keith Raniere , who is now a convicted racketeer and sex offender . NXIVM is also the name of the defunct company that Raniere founded in 1998, which provided seminars ostensibly about human potential and served as a front organization for criminal activity by Raniere and his close associates. NXIVM was based in
258-638: A charismatic leader who tightly controls its members. It is in some contexts a pejorative term, also used for new religious movements and other social groups which are defined by their unusual religious , spiritual , or philosophical beliefs and rituals , or their common interest in a particular person, object, or goal . This sense of the term is weakly defined – having divergent definitions both in popular culture and academia – and has also been an ongoing source of contention among scholars across several fields of study. According to Susannah Crockford, "[t]he word ‘cult’
387-484: A rational choice . The application of the labels cult or sect to religious movements in government documents signifies the popular and negative use of the term cult in English and a functionally similar use of words translated as 'sect' in several European languages. Sociologists critical to this negative politicized use of the word cult argue that it may adversely impact the religious freedoms of group members. At
516-511: A "cult movement" is an actual complete organization, differing from a "sect" in that it is not a splinter of a bigger religion, while "audience cults" are loosely organized, and propagated through media, and "client cults" offer services (i.e. psychic readings or meditation sessions). One type can turn into another, for example the Church of Scientology changing from audience to client cult. Sociologists who follow their definition tend to continue using
645-448: A Canadian actress who had been an ESP participant since 2005, said that she left NXIVM after Mack inducted her into DOS at her Albany home. Edmondson alleged that DOS participants were blindfolded naked, held down by Mack and three other women, and branded on the lower abdomen with a cauterizing pen by NXIVM-affiliated doctor Danielle Roberts. Appearing on an A&E television program about cults, Edmondson provided additional context for
774-405: A blog called Heat Vision , which covers comic books, science fiction, and horror content. As of August 2013, Comscore measured 12 million unique visitors per month to the site. THR ' s editors have included Janice Min (2010–2017), Elizabeth Guider (2007–2010), Cynthia Littleton (2005–2007), Howard Burns (2001–2006), Anita Busch (1999–2001), and Alex Ben Block (1990–1999). Alex Ben Block
903-505: A box in the basement of Nancy Salzman's home. According to the Times Union , NXIVM "developed a reputation for aggressively pursuing critics and defectors who broke from its ranks, including using litigation to punish critics of Raniere, the organization, or its training methods." The World Ethical Foundations Consortium, an organization co-founded by Raniere and the Bronfman sisters, sponsored
1032-530: A chain distribution scheme". In 1998, Raniere and Nancy Salzman founded NXIVM, a personal development company offering "Executive Success Programs" (ESP) and a range of techniques for self-improvement . Raniere claimed that its "main emphasis is to have people experience more joy in their lives". In one account cited by former NXIVM member Sarah Edmondson, Raniere chose the name based on the ancient Roman system of debt bondage known as nexum . The 2002 registration with United States Patent and Trademark Office for
1161-404: A continuity with traditional beliefs and practices, whereas cults arise spontaneously around novel beliefs and practices. Scholars William Sims Bainbridge and Rodney Stark have argued for a further distinction between three kinds of cults: cult movements, client cults, and audience cults, all of which share a "compensator" or rewards for the things invested into the group. In their typology,
1290-428: A cult by the media, government and former members is a significant factor as to what lead to the deaths. The term was noted to carry "considerable cultural legitimacy". In the 1970s, with the rise of secular anti-cult movements , scholars (though not the general public) began to abandon the use of the term cult , regarding it as pejorative. By the end of the 1970s, the term cult was largely replaced in academia with
1419-507: A cult may be a common occurrence, but it is not scholarship". However, it has also been viewed as empowering for ex-members of groups that have experienced trauma. Religious scholar Catherine Wessinger argued the term was dehumanizing of the people within the group, as well as their children; following the Waco siege , it was argued by some scholars that the defining of the Branch Davidians as
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#17328517077801548-671: A destructive cult by "anticult crusaders." In 2002, the German government was held by the Federal Constitutional Court to have defamed the Osho movement by referring to it, among other things, as a "destructive cult" with no factual basis. Some researchers have criticized the term destructive cult , writing that it is used to describe groups which are not necessarily harmful in nature to themselves or others. In his book Understanding New Religious Movements , John A. Saliba writes that
1677-589: A medium-security penitentiary, followed by a transfer to his permanent prison at United States Penitentiary, Tucson . The facility in Tucson, Arizona , is noted as the sole facility in the federal prison system that is both specially-designated for sex offenders and also at maximum-security level. In a hearing on restitution claims against Raniere, criminal defense attorney Marc Fernich represented Keith Raniere and stated that Bronfman had paid his fee. Oral arguments on both Raniere and Bronfman's appeals were heard before
1806-416: A new role at its parent company. Simultaneously, it was announced that longtime executive editor Matthew Belloni would take over as editorial director. In April 2020, Belloni announced he was stepping down after 14 years at the publication in the wake of recent clashes with the company's leadership over editorial issues. At the end of April 2020, The Hollywood Reporter (THR) named Nekesa Mumbi Moody as
1935-620: A number of major industry events and awards ceremonies. It hosted 13 such events in 2012, including the Women in Entertainment Breakfast, where it announced its annual Power 100 list of the industry's most powerful women; the Key Art Awards (for achievement in entertainment advertising and communications); Power Lawyers Breakfast; Next Gen (honoring the industry's 50 fastest-rising stars and executives age 35 and under); Nominees Night; and
2064-412: A prison term of 120 years in prison and fined him $ 1.75 million. Attorneys for Keith Raniere gave notice of appeal of both his conviction and sentence on November 4, 2020. In January 2021, Raniere was transferred from Metropolitan Detention Center, Brooklyn to begin serving his 120-year sentence. The Federal Bureau of Prisons first transferred him temporarily to United States Penitentiary, Lewisburg ,
2193-465: A range of serious sexual crimes, but this assertion – however unflattering – is substantially true." In May 2022, Keith Raniere sued the U.S. Department of Justice and Bureau of Prisons, alleging violation of his civil rights. Raniere sought an injunction allowing visitation and phone calls from follower Suneel Chakravorty, who he claims is a paralegal working on his appeals. The Department of Justice, Bureau of Prisons and authorities at USP Tucson argued
2322-650: A redesign by the time competitor Variety took to the web in 1998. In 2002 the Reporter ' s website won the Jesse H. Neal Award for business journalism. In November 2013, The Hollywood Reporter launched the style site Pret-a-Reporter. THR.com, The Hollywood Reporter ' s website, re-launched in 2010, offers breaking entertainment news, reviews and blogs; original video content (and film and TV clips) and photo galleries; plus in-depth movie, television, music, awards, style, technology and business coverage. The website includes
2451-730: A result, they have responded more neutrally with regard to new religions. Scholars have suggested that the outrage which followed the mass murder/suicides perpetuated by the Solar Temple , have significantly contributed to European anti-cult positions. In the 1980s, clergymen and officials of the French government expressed concern that some orders and other groups within the Roman Catholic Church would be adversely affected by anti-cult laws which were then being considered. The Hollywood Reporter The Hollywood Reporter ( THR )
2580-450: A secret society of women whom he had sex with and branded with his initials, coercing them with the threat of releasing their highly personal information and taking their assets". On April 20, 2018, Mack was arrested and indicted on similar charges to Raniere's. According to prosecutors, after she recruited women into first NXIVM and then DOS, Mack was allegedly paid by Raniere to coerce them into engaging in sexual activity with Raniere. Mack
2709-466: A small number of editorial workers, including senior editor of diversity and inclusion Rebecca Sun and longtime TV editor Lesley Goldberg, who has been with the outlet since 2003. Founder Billy Wilkerson served as the publisher of THR until his death in September 1962. Wilkerson's wife, Tichi Wilkerson Kassel , took over as publisher and editor-in-chief when her husband died. Robert J. Dowling, who
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#17328517077802838-504: A small set of loyal members from his prison cell, encouraging continued recruitment. Before founding NXIVM, Raniere created Consumers Buyline, a business venture that the New York Attorney General accused of having been a pyramid scheme ; Raniere signed a consent order in 1996 in which he denied any wrongdoing but agreed to pay a $ 40,000 fine and to be permanently banned from "promoting, offering or granting participation in
2967-471: A story about the newspaper's involvement, but the editor, Robert J. Dowling, declined to run it. For the blacklist's 65th anniversary in 2012, the THR published a lengthy investigative piece about Wilkerson's role, by reporters Gary Baum and Daniel Miller. The same edition carried an apology from Wilkerson's son W. R. Wilkerson III. He wrote that his father had been motivated by revenge for his thwarted ambition to own
3096-401: A studio. On April 11, 1988, Tichi Wilkerson Kassel sold the paper to BPI Communications , owned by Affiliated Publications , for $ 26.7 million. Robert J. Dowling became THR president in 1988, and editor-in-chief and publisher in 1991. Dowling hired Alex Ben Block as editor in 1990. Block and Teri Ritzer damped much of the sensationalism and cronyism that was prominent in the paper under
3225-606: A visit to Albany by the Dalai Lama in 2009. The visit was initially canceled by the Dalai Lama owing to negative press about NXIVM, but was rescheduled; the Dalai Lama spoke at Albany's Palace Theatre in May 2009. In 2017, Lama Tenzin Dhonden, the self-styled "Personal Emissary for Peace for the Dalai Lama" who had arranged the appearance, was suspended from his position amid corruption charges;
3354-500: A year later for an editorial job at Variety . In July 2007 THR named Elizabeth Guider as its new editor. An 18-year veteran of Variety , where she served as Executive Editor, Guider assumed responsibility for the editorial vision and strategic direction of The Hollywood Reporter ' s daily and weekly editions, digital content offerings and executive conferences. Guider left The Hollywood Reporter in early 2010. In addition to hiring Eric Mika, Rose Eintstein and Elizabeth Guider,
3483-581: Is a cult with a primary interest in political action and ideology . Groups that some have described as "political cults", mostly advocating far-left or far-right agendas, have received some attention from journalists and scholars. In their 2000 book On the Edge: Political Cults Right and Left , Dennis Tourish and Tim Wohlforth discuss about a dozen organizations in the United States and Great Britain that they characterize as cults. In
3612-509: Is a shapeshifter, semantically morphing with the intentions of whoever uses it. As an analytical term, it resists rigorous definition." She argued that the least subjective definition of cult referred to a religion or religion-like group "self-consciously building a new form of society", but that the rest of society rejected as unacceptable. The term cult has been criticized as lacking "scholarly rigour"; Benjamin E. Zeller stated "[l]abelling any group with which one disagrees and considers deviant as
3741-518: Is a term often applied to new religious movements and other social groups which have unusual, and often extreme, religious , spiritual , or philosophical beliefs and rituals . Extreme devotion to a particular person, object, or goal is another characteristic often ascribed to cults. The term has different, and sometimes divergent or pejorative , definitions both in popular culture and academia and has been an ongoing source of contention among scholars across several fields of study. Beginning in
3870-546: Is an American digital and print magazine which focuses on the Hollywood film , television, and entertainment industries. It was founded in 1930 as a daily trade paper , and in 2010 switched to a weekly large-format print magazine with a revamped website. As of 2020, the day-to-day operations of the company are handled by Penske Media Corporation through a joint venture with Eldridge Industries . The magazine also sponsors and hosts major industry events. The Hollywood Reporter
3999-437: Is considered to be one of the most important and widely cited studies of the process of religious conversion. J. Gordon Melton stated that, in 1970, "one could count the number of active researchers on new religions on one's hands." However, James R. Lewis writes that the "meteoric growth" in this field of study can be attributed to the cult controversy of the early 1970s. Because of "a wave of nontraditional religiosity" in
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4128-404: Is conventional within its culture, is related to a particular figure, and is frequently associated with a particular place, or generally the collective participation in rites of religion. References to the imperial cult of ancient Rome , for example, use the word in this sense. A derived sense of "excessive devotion" arose in the 19th century, and usage is not always strictly religious. The term
4257-428: Is mostly evangelical protestants. The Christian countercult movement asserts that Christian groups whose teachings deviate from the belief that the bible is inerrant, but also focuses on non-Christian religions like Hinduism. Christian countercult activist writers also emphasize the need for Christians to evangelize to followers of cults. Starting in the late 1960s, a different strand of anti-cult groups arose, with
4386-476: Is published by Brainstore Media under license from The Hollywood Reporter, LLC. It is a multimedia platform covering local, national and European events aimed at the global market, with a focus on the Italian film, TV industry and culture. Concita De Gregorio was appointed as the magazine's first chairman, and served in the role until February 2024, being subsequently replaced by Boris Sollazzo . Since March of
4515-596: Is published by Hersey Shiga Global under license from The Hollywood Reporter, LLC. It covers film, TV and entertainment news with a special focus on the Japanese Film and TV market, which includes Japan's vast anime industry and talent agencies. Its chairman is Tsukasa Shiga . The Hollywood Reporter Roma was launched in April 2023 in Italy as the first European edition of The Hollywood Reporter . The Hollywood Reporter Roma
4644-435: Is sometimes presented in contrast to a "benign cult", which implies that not all "cults" would be harmful, though others apply it to all cults. Psychologist Michael Langone , executive director of the anti-cult group International Cultic Studies Association , defines a destructive cult as "a highly manipulative group which exploits and sometimes physically and/or psychologically damages members and recruits." In Cults and
4773-581: Is variously applied to abusive or coercive groups of many categories, including gangs, organized crime, and terrorist organizations. Sociological classifications of religious movements may identify a cult as a social group with socially deviant or novel beliefs and practices, although this is often unclear. Other researchers present a less-organized picture of cults, saying that they arise spontaneously around novel beliefs and practices. Cults have been compared to miniature totalitarian political systems. Such groups are typically perceived as being led by
4902-483: The New York Post reported that NXIVM had moved to Brooklyn, New York , and was being led by Clare Bronfman. On June 12, 2018, the Times Union reported that NXIVM had suspended its operations owing to "extraordinary circumstances facing the company". Bronfman was arrested on July 24 and charged with racketeering . She was released to house arrest after signing a $ 100 million bail bond . Also arrested and charged with
5031-873: The ABC newsmagazine 20/20 aired an exposé including interviews with many former NXIVM adherents, including Edmondson and Catherine Oxenberg , who alleged that her daughter, India Oxenberg , was in danger from the group. Several former members reported financial and sexual predation by NXIVM leaders. Edmondson further appeared in "Escaping NXIVM", during the first season of the CBC podcast Uncover . Seven socially prominent Mexican citizens, including Emiliano Salinas (son of former president Carlos Salinas de Gortari ) and Ana Cristina Fox (daughter of former president Vicente Fox ), Rosa Laura Junco, Loreta Garza Dávila (a business leader from Nuevo Leon ), Daniela Padilla, and Mónica Durán, have been accused of involvement. In March 2018, Raniere
5160-548: The APA Task Force on Deceptive and Indirect Methods of Persuasion and Control , literature from previous court cases in which brainwashing theories were used, and expert testimonies which were delivered by scholars such as Dick Anthony . The governments of France and Belgium have taken policy positions which accept "brainwashing" theories uncritically, while the governments of other European nations, such as those of Sweden and Italy, are cautious with regard to brainwashing and as
5289-556: The Academy Awards (Oscars). The feature was first published in February 2013 as a single interview with an anonymous director titled "An Oscar Voter's Brutally Honest Ballot". The magazine typically publishes three to four interviews each year. The Washington Post called the feature "the best part of Oscar season". In April 2023, the Academy introduced a rule change aimed at curtailing
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5418-479: The Jehovah's Witnesses , and other sects which were loosely referred to as " neo-Pentecostals ". In the 1970s, the scientific status of the " brainwashing theory " became a central topic in U.S. court cases where the theory was used to try to justify the use of the forceful deprogramming of cult members Meanwhile, sociologists who were critical of these theories assisted advocates of religious freedom in defending
5547-640: The New York Capital District and had centers in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The subsidiary companies of NXIVM engaged in recruitment based on the multi-level marketing model and used curricula based on teachings ("tech") of Raniere known as "Rational Inquiry". Courses attracted a variety of notable students, including actors and children of the rich and powerful. At its height, NXIVM had 700 active members. Alarmed by Raniere's behavior and NXIVM's practices, former members and families of NXIVM clients spoke to investigative journalists and described
5676-444: The Reporter hired the following staff in 2007: However, staffing levels began to drop again in 2008. In April, Nielsen Business Media eliminated between 40 and 50 editorial staff positions at The Hollywood Reporter and its sister publications: Adweek , Brandweek , Editor & Publisher and Mediaweek . In December, another 12 editorial positions were cut at the trade paper. In addition, 2008 saw substantial turnover in
5805-817: The Russian Interior Ministry prepared a list of "extremist groups". At the top of the list were Islamic groups outside of "traditional Islam", which is supervised by the Russian government. Next listed were " Pagan cults ". In 2009 the Russian Ministry of Justice created a council which it named the "Council of Experts Conducting State Religious Studies Expert Analysis." The new council listed 80 large sects which it considered potentially dangerous to Russian society, and it also mentioned that there were thousands of smaller ones. The large sects which were listed included: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,
5934-502: The Starz network documentary Seduced: Inside the NXIVM Cult . Joseph Tully, the attorney who represented Elliot, also represented Raniere in his appeals. The court dismissed the lawsuit and ordered Elliot to pay Lions Gate Entertainment's attorneys' fees and costs, finding that the documentary "impl[ied] that Plaintiff was a devoted member of an organization whose leader has been implicated in
6063-563: The Times returned to THR , filing a report on a party for Academy Award nominees the magazine had hosted at the Los Angeles restaurant Spago . Noting the crowd of top celebrities in attendance, the Times alluded to the fact that many Hollywood insiders were now referring to THR as "the new Vanity Fair ". Ad sales since Min's hiring were up more than 50%, while traffic to the magazine's website had grown by 800%. In January 2014, Janice Min
6192-719: The United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York investigated the organization, and in 2018 brought criminal charges against Raniere and other NXIVM leaders and participants containing allegations of sex trafficking , forced labor , visa fraud , and wire fraud . All defendants except Raniere pleaded guilty. Raniere was tried in 2019. Prosecutors revealed a decades-long pattern of grooming , sexual abuse of girls and women, physical and psychological punishments against dissenters, and hacking and vexatious litigation against enemies. On June 19, 2019, Raniere
6321-661: The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit on May 3, 2022. On December 9, 2022, the federal appeals court upheld the convictions and sentences for Keith Raniere and Clare Bronfman. In 2021, Raniere supporter Marc Elliot filed a lawsuit against Lions Gate Entertainment in the United States District Court for the Central District of California , alleging that he was libelled and defamed by
6450-439: The United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York sentenced Clare Bronfman to six years and nine months in federal prison. The sentence was more severe than those recommended by guidelines, with Garaufis stating that, "Raniere and his adherents appear to understand Ms. Bronfman’s continued loyalty—even after his trial and conviction, during which all the details of his sexual abuse and exploitation became known to
6579-526: The court case of United States v. Fishman (1990) ended the usage of brainwashing theories by expert witnesses such as Margaret Singer and Richard Ofshe . In the case's ruling, the court cited the Frye standard , which states that the scientific theory which is utilized by expert witnesses must be generally accepted in their respective fields. The court deemed brainwashing to be inadmissible in expert testimonies, using supporting documents which were published by
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#17328517077806708-532: The " Hollywood Ten " who were blacklisted after hearings in 1947 by the House Un-American Activities Committee . When Wilkerson died in 1962, his THR obituary said that he had "named names, pseudonyms and card numbers and was widely credited with being chiefly responsible for preventing communists from becoming entrenched in Hollywood production." In 1997 THR reporter David Robb wrote
6837-537: The 1930s, new religious movements became an object of sociological study within the context of the study of religious behavior . Since the 1940s, the Christian countercult movement has opposed some sects and new religious movements, labeling them cults because of their unorthodox beliefs . Since the 1970s, the secular anti-cult movement has opposed certain groups, which they call cults, accusing them of practicing brainwashing . Groups labelled cults are found around
6966-463: The 1930s, new religious movements perceived as cults became an object of sociological study within the context of the study of religious behavior . The term saw its origins in the work of sociologist Max Weber (1864–1920). Weber is an important theorist in the academic study of cults, which often draws on his theorizations of charismatic authority , and of the distinction he drew between churches and sects . This concept of church-sect division
7095-433: The 1940s, the long-held opposition by some established Christian denominations to non-Christian religions and supposedly heretical or counterfeit Christian sects crystallized into a more organized Christian countercult movement in the United States. For those belonging to the movement, all religious groups claiming to be Christian, but deemed outside of Christian orthodoxy , were considered cults. The countercult movement
7224-450: The 1950s, American social psychologist Leon Festinger and his colleagues observed members of a small UFO religion called the Seekers for several months, and recorded their conversations both prior to and after a failed prophecy from their charismatic leader. Their work was later published in the book When Prophecy Fails: A Social and Psychological Study of a Modern Group that Predicted
7353-462: The 25 Most Powerful Stylists Luncheon. The Hollywood Reporter has produced the group interview shows Close Up with The Hollywood Reporter and Off Script with The Hollywood Reporter . Since 2013, The Hollywood Reporter has published an annual feature called "Brutally Honest Oscar Ballot" where anonymous members of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences explain their voting choices for
7482-490: The Bronfman sisters allegedly pressured Stephen Herbits, a confidant of their father, to ask Albany County District Attorney David Soares, New York Governor Eliot Spitzer , and New Jersey Attorney General Anne Milgram to begin criminal investigations into NXIVM's critics. NXIVM reportedly kept dossiers on Soares, Spitzer, political consultants Roger Stone and Steve Pigeon , U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer , and Albany Times Union publisher George Randolph Hearst III in
7611-766: The Bronfmans made on Raniere's advice. After actress Kristin Kreuk became involved with NXIVM in 2006, Salzman and her daughter Lauren, a junior NXIVM leader, went to Vancouver to recruit Kreuk's Smallville co-star Allison Mack . Lauren bonded with Mack (the two women eventually became Raniere's inner circle and his sexual partners). Kreuk, however, left NXIVM in 2013. Mack became "an enthusiastic proselytizer" for NXIVM, persuading her parents to take courses, and after wrapping production of Smallville in 2011, moved to Clifton Park, New York , to be near NXIVM's home base in Albany . In 2008,
7740-631: The COVID-19 pandemic preventing in-person visitation to the Metropolitan Detention Center, Brooklyn , Raniere's remaining followers, including actress Nicki Clyne , began assembling to dance near the jail. Though they initially claimed to be entertaining all of the detainees, they were seen with a sign addressed to "Kay Rose," a name sharing Raniere's initials. The group began calling itself "The Forgotten Ones" and "We Are As You." Former NXIVM member turned prosecution witness Mark Vicente dismissed
7869-503: The Destruction of the World . In the late 1980s, doomsday cults were a major topic of news reports, with some reporters and commentators considering them a serious threat to society. A 1997 psychological study by Festinger, Riecken, and Schachter found that people turned to a cataclysmic world view after they had repeatedly failed to find meaning in mainstream movements. A political cult
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#17328517077807998-405: The Eastern District of New York accusing Raniere and 14 associates (including Nancy Salzman , Clare Bronfman , Sara Bronfman , Lauren Salzman, Allison Mack , Kathy Russell, Karen Unterreiner, Brandon Porter, Danielle Roberts, and Nicki Clyne ) of conducting illegal psychological experiments on members of the company and abusing them physically, emotionally and financially. In summer 2020, with
8127-450: The Family , the authors cite Shapiro, who defines a destructive cultism as a sociopathic syndrome , whose distinctive qualities include: "behavioral and personality changes , loss of personal identity , cessation of scholastic activities, estrangement from family, disinterest in society and pronounced mental control and enslavement by cult leaders." Writing about Bruderhof communities in
8256-637: The MDC. In response, authorities at the MDC moved Raniere to another unit to keep the dancers out of his line of sight. A frustrated Raniere instructed his followers to help get him moved back by ingratiating themselves to prison staff, including offering coffee and donuts as they left their shifts. Ahead of his sentencing, prosecutors submitted a number of Raniere's communications and disciplinary issues in prison as evidence of remorselessness and that he continues to control his followers. The communications included Raniere instructing his followers to have Alan Dershowitz ,
8385-453: The NXIVM trademark states that "The foreign wording in the mark translates into English as 'the next millennium ' ". During NXIVM seminars, students would call Raniere and Salzman "Vanguard" and "Prefect", respectively. The Hollywood Reporter wrote that Raniere adopted the title from the 1981 video game Vanguard , "in which the destruction of one's enemies increased one's own power". Within
8514-878: The NXIVM-affiliated news organization The Knife of Aristotle , to identify and measure media bias. Starting with reports by Frank Parlato in June 2017 and bolstered by an October 2017 article in The New York Times , details began to emerge about " DOS ", a secret society of women that started in 2015 within NXIVM in which female members were allegedly called slaves, branded with the initials of Raniere and Mack, subjected to corporal punishment from their "masters", and required to provide nude photos or other potentially damaging information about themselves as "collateral". Law enforcement representatives have alleged that DOS members were forced into sexual slavery . Sarah Edmondson ,
8643-471: The Ross Institute in the case known as NXIVM Corp. v. Ross Institute , alleging copyright infringement for publishing excerpts of content from its manual in three critical articles commissioned by cult investigator Rick Alan Ross and posted on his website. Ross posted a psychiatrist's assessment of NXIVM's "secret" manual on his website that called the regimen "expensive brainwashing ". Ross obtained
8772-583: The Wilkersons. In 1994, BPI Communications was sold to Verenigde Nederlandse Uitgeverijen (VNU) for $ 220 million. In March 2006 a private equity consortium led by Blackstone and KKR, both with ties to the conservative movement in the United States, acquired THR along with the other assets of VNU. It joined those publications with AdWeek and A.C. Nielsen to form The Nielsen Company . Matthew King, vice president for content and audience, editorial director Howard Burns, and executive editor Peter Pryor left
8901-599: The activities of Unification Church members in California in trying to promote their beliefs and win new members. Lofland noted that most of their efforts were ineffective and that most of the people who joined did so because of personal relationships with other members, often family relationships. Lofland published his findings in 1964 as a doctoral thesis entitled "The World Savers: A Field Study of Cult Processes", and in 1966 in book form by as Doomsday Cult: A Study of Conversion, Proselytization and Maintenance of Faith . It
9030-671: The activities of a very small minority of new religious groups, mass culture often extends them to any religious group viewed as culturally deviant , however peaceful or law abiding it may be. While some psychologists were receptive to these theories, sociologists were for the most part sceptical of their ability to explain conversion to NRMs . In the late 1980s, psychologists and sociologists started to abandon theories like brainwashing and mind control. While scholars may believe that various less dramatic coercive psychological mechanisms could influence group members, they came to see conversion to new religious movements principally as an act of
9159-759: The annual Life is Beautiful music festival and an investment in the SXSW festival franchise that is expanding beyond its Austin, Texas roots next year with an edition in Sydney, Australia. In April 2020, at least 20 staffers were laid off, including executive vice president and group publisher Lynne Segall. On August 5, 2022, Boehly pulled out of the MRC joint venture, and bought back the assets he had contributed to it, including The Hollywood Reporter. In June 2023, digital media writer J. Clara Chan and at least two other staffers were laid off. A year later The Hollywood Reporter laid off
9288-508: The attorney who successfully negotiated a non-prosecution agreement of the late Jeffrey Epstein , speak on his behalf; Dershowitz did not comment on the matter. Prosecutors also submitted documentation that Raniere and his follower Chakravorty used a false name and " burner phone " to evade detection, with Raniere instructing Chakravorty to "get scrutiny" on Judge Nicholas Garaufis , explaining that "the judge needs to know he's being watched". On September 30, 2020, Judge Nicholas G. Garaufis of
9417-598: The book Misunderstanding Cults , Julius H. Rubin said that American religious innovation created an unending diversity of sects. These "new religious movements…gathered new converts and issued challenges to the wider society. Not infrequently, public controversy, contested narratives and litigation result." In his work Cults in Context author Lorne L. Dawson writes that although the Unification Church "has not been shown to be violent or volatile," it has been described as
9546-487: The classes), businessman Edgar Bronfman Sr. , and actresses Linda Evans , Grace Park , and Nicki Clyne . In the early 2000s, Seagram heiresses Clare and Sara Bronfman , daughters of Edgar Bronfman Sr., became attached to the organization. NXIVM claimed its training was a trade secret , subject to non-disclosure agreements , but reportedly used a technique the organization called "rational inquiry" to facilitate personal and professional development. In 2003, NXIVM sued
9675-423: The classification of a religion as xiejiao did not necessarily mean that a religion's teachings were believed to be false or inauthentic; rather, the label was applied to religious groups that were not authorized by the state, or it was applied to religious groups that were believed to challenge the legitimacy of the state. Groups branded xiejiao face suppression and punishment by authorities. In 2008
9804-1113: The court unsealed a second (and final) superseding indictment against Raniere and his codefendants, adding the charge that Raniere produced and kept child sexual abuse material of a girl who was 15 at the time. Later in March 2019, Lauren Salzman pleaded guilty to racketeering and racketeering conspiracy; she later testified against Raniere and received leniency. Sentencing documents for Allison Mack state that she entered proffer sessions on April 2, 2019. The government credited her for providing relevant emails, documents and recordings later used to convict Raniere. On April 8, 2019, Mack pleaded guilty to racketeering and racketeering conspiracy. Though not called to testify against Keith Raniere, prosecutors said that Mack, "was available to testify at Raniere’s trial if requested to do so." On April 19, 2019, Bronfman pleaded guilty to charges of harboring an illegal immigrant and identity fraud ; bookkeeper Kathy Russell pleaded guilty to visa fraud . The federal trial of Keith Raniere began on May 7, 2019. On June 19, 2019,
9933-442: The defunct organization split, with many speaking out against Raniere and the organization. A small number of NXIVM members continue to support Raniere and protest his innocence. Attorneys for Raniere submitted letters from 56 supporters requesting leniency for Raniere. In January 2020, Sarah Edmondson became lead plaintiff in a Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act civil suit filed in United States District Court for
10062-522: The editorial and sales staff increased nearly 50%, respectively. Min hired various recognized journalists in the entertainment industry, most notably Variety film critic Todd McCarthy after his firing from Variety in March 2010, as well as Kim Masters of NPR, Tim Goodman of the San Francisco Chronicle , Lacey Rose of Forbes , Pamela McClintock of Variety and Eriq Gardner of American Lawyer. The Hollywood Reporter sponsors and hosts
10191-469: The editorial director who was expected to begin on June 15, 2020. In September 2020, Penske Media assumed the day-to-day operations of Billboard and The Hollywood Reporter through a joint venture with MRC known as PMRC. The agreement also included opportunities for MRC to develop content based on PMC's publications. Established in 2020, PMRC is the parent company of THR, Variety , Rolling Stone , Billboard , Vibe , Music Business Worldwide ,
10320-517: The feature, saying that Academy voters "may not discuss [their] voting preferences and other members' voting preferences in a public forum. This includes comparing or ranking motion pictures, performances, or achievements in relation to voting. This also includes speaking with press anonymously." The Hollywood Reporter Japan was launched in February 2023 in Japan as the first international edition of The Hollywood Reporter . The Hollywood Reporter Japan
10449-507: The film industry. Wilkerson became friends with Howard Hughes and the paper wrote many favorable stories about him and his film plans. In return, Hughes, in addition to advertising revenue, also provided financial assistance to the paper when necessary. Wilkerson ran The Hollywood Reporter until his death in September 1962, although his final column appeared 18 months prior. Wilkerson's wife, Tichi Wilkerson Kassel , took over as publisher and editor-in-chief when her husband died. From
10578-567: The formation of the secular anti-cult movement (ACM). This was in response to the rise of new religions in the 1960s and 1970s, particularly the events at Jonestown and the deaths of nearly 1000 people. The organizations that formed the secular anti-cult movement (ACM) often acted on behalf of relatives of "cult" converts who did not believe their loved ones could have altered their lives so drastically by their own free will . A few psychologists and sociologists working in this field suggested that brainwashing techniques were used to maintain
10707-491: The group as a "cover movement" to support Raniere. While incarcerated, Raniere has maintained his leadership role over NXIVM, regularly communicating with his followers by phone and through TRULINCS email. A July 16, 2020, intelligence analysis memorandum from the Federal Bureau of Prisons ' Counter Terrorism Unit states that Raniere instructed his follower Suneel Chakravorty to get more women to dance "erotically" outside of
10836-674: The group in 2014 and called Raniere "dangerous", saying, "[a]ll the worst things you know about NXIVM are true." NXIVM has been associated with several related organizations. Jness was a society aimed at women, while the Society of Protectors was aimed primarily at men. A third group was known by the acronym DOS, short for " Dominus Obsequious Sororium ", which, according to one member, means "master over slave women". In 2006, Raniere founded Rainbow Cultural Garden , an international chain of childcare organizations in which children were to be exposed to seven different languages. In 2014, Raniere founded
10965-618: The groups. Since the 2000s, some governments have again distanced themselves from such classifications of religious movements. While the official response to new religious groups has been mixed across the globe, some governments aligned more with the critics of these groups to the extent of distinguishing between "legitimate" religion and "dangerous", "unwanted" cults in public policy . For centuries, governments in China have categorized certain religions as xiéjiào ( 邪教 ), translated as "evil cults" or " heterodox teachings ". In imperial China ,
11094-555: The height of the counter-cult movement and ritual abuse scare of the 1990s, some governments published lists of cults. Groups labelled "cults" are found around the world and range in size from local groups with a few members to international organizations with millions. While these documents utilize similar terminology, they do not necessarily include the same groups nor is their assessment of these groups based on agreed criteria. Other governments and world bodies also report on new religious movements but do not use these terms to describe
11223-572: The injunction should be denied because Chakravorty was not a paralegal but merely "an ardent former ESP and NXIVM coach with whom [Raniere] is banned from associating." Judge Raner Collins granted the Department of Justice's motion to dismiss the suit on grounds that Raniere failed to exhaust administrative remedies (in line with the Prison Litigation Reform Act ), and his lawyer's insufficient service of process. Cult Cult
11352-481: The investigation also revealed a personal relationship between Dhonden and Sara Bronfman, which began in 2009. NXIVM has been described as a pyramid scheme , a sex-trafficking operation, a cult, and a sex cult. In a 2010 Times Union article, former NXIVM coaches characterized students as "prey" for Raniere's sexual or gambling-related proclivities. Kristin Keeffe, a longtime partner of Raniere and mother of his child, left
11481-421: The issue on July 29, 1946, headlined "A Vote for Joe Stalin ." He went to confession before publishing it, knowing the damage it would cause, but was apparently encouraged by the priest to go ahead with it. The column contained the first industry names, including Dalton Trumbo and Howard Koch , on what became the Hollywood blacklist, known as "Billy's list". Eight of the 11 people Wilkerson named were among
11610-408: The jury convicted him of all counts. From a supplemental sentencing statement & order, filed July 20, 2021, by Judge Garaufis: The assets of NXIVM were held by Nancy Salzman, including several corporate entities and titles to intellectual property. As part of her plea agreement with the government, Salzman did not contest asset forfeiture . Following the conviction of Keith Raniere, members of
11739-444: The largest total distribution of any entertainment daily. In December 2009, Prometheus Global Media, a newly formed company formed by Pluribus Capital Management and Guggenheim Partners , and chaired by Jimmy Finkelstein , CEO of News Communications, parent of political journal The Hill , acquired THR from Nielsen Business Media. It pledged to invest in the brand and grow the company. Richard Beckman , formerly of Condé Nast ,
11868-548: The late 1930s, Wilkerson used The Hollywood Reporter to push the view that the industry was a communist stronghold. In particular, he opposed the screenplay writers' trade union, the Screen Writers Guild , which he called the "Red Beachhead". In 1946 the Guild considered creating an American Authors' Authority to hold copyright for writers, instead of ownership passing to the studios. Wilkerson devoted his "Tradeviews" column to
11997-435: The late 1960s and early 1970s, academics perceived new religious movements as different phenomena from previous religious innovations. Destructive cult is a term frequently used by the anti-cult movement . Members of the anti-cult movement typically define a destructive cult as a group that is unethical, deceptive, and one that uses "strong influence" or mind control techniques to affect critical thinking skills. This term
12126-471: The latest on Hollywood fashion and lifestyle. The Reporter published a primitive " satellite " digital edition in the late 1980s. It became the first daily entertainment trade paper to start a website in 1995. Initially, the site offered free news briefs with complete coverage firewalled as a premium paid service. In later years, the website became mostly free as it became more reliant on ad sales and less on subscribers. The website had already gone through
12255-601: The legitimacy of new religious movements in court. In the United States the religious activities of cults are protected under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution , which prohibits governmental establishment of religion and protects freedom of religion , freedom of speech , freedom of the press , and freedom of assembly ; however, no members of religious groups or cults are granted any special immunity from criminal prosecution . In 1990,
12384-609: The loyalty of cult members. The belief that cults brainwashed their members became a unifying theme among cult critics and in the more extreme corners of the anti-cult movement techniques like the sometimes forceful " deprogramming " of cult members was practised. In the mass media , and among average citizens, "cult" gained an increasingly negative connotation, becoming associated with things like kidnapping , brainwashing, psychological abuse , sexual abuse , and other criminal activity , and mass suicide . While most of these negative qualities usually have real documented precedents in
12513-460: The manual from former member Stephanie Franco, a co- defendant in the trial, who had signed a non-disclosure agreement not to divulge information from the manual to others. NXIVM filed suits in New York and New Jersey, but both were dismissed. On appeal, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the dismissal, ruling that the defendant's critical analysis was fair use since
12642-488: The many scoops THR had generated, adding that the new glossy format seemed to be succeeding with its "rarefied demographic", stating: "They managed to change the subject by going weekly... The large photos, lush paper stock and great design are a kind of narcotic here." In 2011, Deadline Hollywood , a property of Penske Media Corporation , sued The Hollywood Reporter for more than $ 5 million, alleging copyright infringement . In 2013, THR ' s parent company settled
12771-469: The masthead." Gossip blogger Roger Friedman joined The Hollywood Reporter as a senior correspondent in May 2009, a year after being fired by Fox News for writing an article reviewing an illegally bootlegged copy of the movie "Wolverine". Business Insider described it as a surprising and risky move. In March 2010, Friedman's employment agreement was not renewed by The Hollywood Reporter . When Janice Min and Lori Burgess came on board in 2010,
12900-587: The online department: THR.com Editor Melissa Grego left her position in July to become executive editor of Broadcasting & Cable , and Managing Editor Scott McKim left to become a new media manager at Knox College . With the entertainment industry as a whole shrinking, "Hollywood studios have cut more than $ 20 million from the Motion Picture Association of America budget this year. The resulting staff and program reductions are expected to permanently shrink
13029-459: The organization as a cult. In 2017, former NXIVM members revealed damaging information about Raniere and NXIVM to The New York Times ; that information included the existence of a NXIVM-connected secret society called " DOS " in which women were branded , made to record false confessions, and made to provide nude photographs for blackmail purposes. Following the New York Times exposé,
13158-512: The organization, the reasoning for the titles was that Raniere was the leader of a philosophical movement and Salzman was his first student. By 2003, 3,700 people had taken part in ESP classes. Reported participants included businesswoman Sheila Johnson , former Surgeon General Antonia Novello , Enron executive Stephen Cooper, Ana Cristina Fox (daughter of former Mexican president Vicente Fox ), entrepreneur Richard Branson (who denied having taken
13287-592: The paper in a wave of layoffs in December 2006; editor Cynthia Littleton, widely respected throughout the industry, reported directly to Kilcullen. The Reporter absorbed another blow when Littleton left her position for an editorial job at Variety in March 2007. Web editor Glenn Abel also left after 16 years with the paper. From 1988 to 2014, Daily Variety and The Hollywood Reporter were both located on Wilshire Boulevard , along Miracle Mile . In March 2007, The Hollywood Reporter surpassed Daily Variety to achieve
13416-537: The private nature of personal beliefs. Later sociological formulations built on such characteristics, placing an additional emphasis on cults as deviant religious groups, "deriving their inspiration from outside of the predominant religious culture." This is often thought to lead to a high degree of tension between the group and the more mainstream culture surrounding it, a characteristic shared with religious sects. According to this sociological terminology, sects are products of religious schism and therefore maintain
13545-461: The same crime were NXIVM President Nancy Salzman; her daughter, Lauren Salzman; and another NXIVM employee, Kathy Russell. On March 13, 2019, Nancy Salzman pleaded guilty to a charge of racketeering criminal conspiracy. She agreed, as nominal owner, not to contest forfeiture of NXIVM-related assets including real estate as well as corporations that owned Keith Raniere and NXIVM's trademark and patent portfolio. The same day as Nancy Salzman's plea,
13674-403: The same year, the writing staff of The Hollywood Reporter Roma publicly denounced the state of financial crisis affecting the magazine, with journalists, translators and external contributors reportedly not getting paid for months; an Il Post inquiry revealed a significant discrepancy between Brainstore Media's declared budget and the original financial plan presented by the company to PMRC in
13803-744: The scope and size of the six-studio trade and advocacy group." Staffing at THR in 2008 saw even further cutbacks with "names from today's tragic bloodletting of The Hollywood Reporter ' s staff" adding up quickly in the hard economic times at the end of 2008. "The trade has not only been thin, but only publishing digital version 19 days this holiday season. Film writers Leslie Simmons, Carolyn Giardina, Gregg Goldstein, plus lead TV critic Barry Garron and TV reporter Kimberly Nordyke, also special issues editor Randee Dawn Cohen out of New York and managing editor Harley Lond and international department editor Hy Hollinger , plus Dan Evans, Lesley Goldberg, Michelle Belaski, James Gonzalez were among those chopped from
13932-404: The secondary use was transformative as criticism and was not a potential replacement for the original on the market. In October 2003, Forbes published a critical article on NXIVM and Raniere. According to Vanity Fair , NXIVM leadership, who had spoken to Forbes , had expected a positive story. They were especially upset by remarks made by Bronfman, who told Forbes that he believed NXIVM
14061-507: The studio bosses in New York and some studio lots tried to ban the paper. In 1932, Variety sued The Hollywood Reporter , alleging that THR was plagiarizing information from Variety following its publication in New York on Tuesdays, by way of phoning or wiring the information back to Hollywood, so that THR could publish the information before Variety reached Hollywood three days later on Friday. Then, in 1933, Variety started its own daily Hollywood edition, Daily Variety , to cover
14190-486: The suit on the courthouse steps. Kilcullen "exited" Nielsen in February 2008 "to pursue his passion as an entrepreneur." In April 2010 Lori Burgess was named as publisher. Burgess had been publisher of OK! magazine since October 2008. Michaela Apruzzese was named associate publisher, entertainment in May 2010. Apruzzese previously served as the director of movie advertising for Los Angeles Times Media Group. Lynne Segall, former vice president and associate publisher,
14319-443: The suit. According to The Wall Street Journal , "The lawsuit [was] widely viewed in Hollywood as a proxy for the bitter war for readers and advertising dollars... The two sides agreed on a statement reading in part: 'Prometheus admits that The Hollywood Reporter copied source code from Penske Media Corporation's Web site www.tvline.com ; Prometheus and The Hollywood Reporter have apologized to Penske Media. ' " By February 2013
14448-405: The term "new religion" or " new religious movement ". Other proposed alternative terms that have seen use were "emergent religion", "alternative religious movement", or "marginal religious movement", though new religious movement is the most popular term. The anti-cult movement mostly regards the term "new religious movement" as a euphemism for cult that hides their harmful nature. Beginning in
14577-497: The term is overgeneralized. Saliba sees the Peoples Temple as the "paradigm of a destructive cult", where those that use the term are implying that other groups will also commit mass suicide . Doomsday cult is an expression which is used to describe groups that believe in apocalypticism and millenarianism , and it can also be used to refer both to groups that predict disaster , and groups that attempt to bring it about. In
14706-413: The use of the "collateral" concept, saying that it was used in innocuous forms from the earliest, outermost stages of NXIVM in order to acclimate victims—for example, collateralizing small amounts of money that one might forfeit if one did not go to the gym one day. The New York Times later reported that hundreds of members left NXIVM after Edmondson went public about her experience. On December 15, 2017,
14835-399: The word "cult", unlike most other academics; however Bainbridge later stated he regretted having used the word at all. Stark and Bainbridge, in discussing the process by which individuals join new religious groups, have even questioned the utility of the concept of conversion , suggesting that affiliation is a more useful concept. In the early 1960s, sociologist John Lofland studied
14964-518: The world and range in size from small localized groups to some international organizations with up to millions of members. In the English-speaking world, the term cult often carries derogatory connotations. The word "cult" is derived from the Latin term cultus , which means worship. An older sense of the word cult, which is not pejorative, indicates a set of religious devotional practices that
15093-570: The world." Ronald S. Sullivan Jr. , attorney for Bronfman, called the sentence "an abomination." Sullivan filed notice of appeal on October 7, 2020. Bronfman only could appeal the sentence, as she forfeited the right to appeal her conviction as part of her plea. Bronfman initially served her sentence in Federal Detention Center, Philadelphia . She is presently imprisoned at Federal Correctional Institution, Danbury . On October 27, 2020, federal judge Nicholas Garaufis sentenced Raniere to
15222-425: Was a cult and that he was troubled by his daughters' "emotional and financial investment" in it. In 2006, Forbes published an article about the Bronfman sisters, stating that they had taken out a line of credit to loan NXIVM $ 2 million, repayable through personal training sessions and phone consultations with Salzman. Another Forbes article in 2010 discussed the failures of commodities and real estate deals by
15351-433: Was appointed as CEO. In 2010, Beckman recruited Janice Min , the former editor-in-chief of Us Weekly , as editorial director to "eviscerate" the existing daily trade paper and reinvent it as a glossy, large-format weekly magazine. The Hollywood Reporter relaunched with a weekly print edition and a revamped website that enabled it to break news. Eight months after its initial report, The New York Times took note of
15480-610: Was arrested and indicted on charges related to DOS, including sex trafficking, sex trafficking conspiracy , and conspiracy to commit forced labor . He was arrested in Mexico and held in custody in New York after appearing in federal court in Fort Worth, Texas . The indictment alleged that at least one woman was coerced into sex with Raniere, who forced DOS members to undergo the branding ritual alleged by Edmondson and others. United States Attorney Richard Donoghue stated that Raniere "created
15609-614: Was convicted on the top charge of racketeering and racketeering conspiracy as well as several other charges and was sentenced Raniere to 120 years imprisonment. Following Raniere's conviction, the Department of Justice seized ownership of NXIVM-related entities and their intellectual property through asset forfeiture . Defendants Clare Bronfman, Nancy Salzman, and Allison Mack were given lesser prison sentences, and defendants Lauren Salzman and Kathy Russell were each given non-prison sentences. Since Raniere's conviction, he has continued to direct
15738-466: Was founded in 1930 by William R. "Billy" Wilkerson (1890–1962) as Hollywood's first daily entertainment trade newspaper. The first edition appeared on September 3, 1930, and featured Wilkerson's front-page "Tradeviews" column, which became influential. The newspaper appeared Monday-to-Saturday for the first 10 years, except for a brief period, then Monday-to-Friday from 1940. Wilkerson used caustic articles and gossip to generate publicity and got noticed by
15867-522: Was further alleged to be DOS's second-in-command after Raniere. On April 24, Mack was released on $ 5 million bond pending trial and held under house arrest with her parents in California. On May 4, Raniere pleaded not guilty. Salzman's home was raided shortly after Raniere's arrest, and prosecutors stated during his arraignment that further arrests and a superseding indictment for Raniere and Mack should be expected. In late May, authorities moved to seize two NXIVM-owned properties near Albany. In April 2018,
15996-469: Was further elaborated upon by German theologian Ernst Troeltsch , who added a "mystical" categorization to define more personal religious experiences. American sociologist Howard P. Becker further bisected Troeltsch's first two categories: church was split into ecclesia and denomination ; and sect into sect and cult . Like Troeltsch's "mystical religion", Becker's cult refers to small religious groups that lack in organization and emphasize
16125-400: Was hired as editor for special issues in 1990, and was promoted to editor of the daily edition in 1992. After Block left, former Variety film editor, Anita Busch, became editor between 1999 and 2001. Busch was credited with making the paper competitive with Variety . In March 2006, Cynthia Littleton, former broadcast television editor and deputy editor, was named editor, but left the role
16254-561: Was named president of THR when Kassel sold the company, became editor-in-chief and publisher in 1991. Tony Uphoff assumed the publisher position in November 2005. John Kilcullen replaced Uphoff in October 2006, as publisher of Billboard . Kilcullen was a defendant in Billboard ' s infamous "dildo" lawsuit, in which he was accused of race discrimination and sexual harassment. VNU settled
16383-515: Was named publisher and senior vice president in June 2011. The weekly print edition of The Hollywood Reporter includes profiles, original photography and interviews with entertainment figures; articles about major upcoming releases and product launches; film reviews and film festival previews; coverage of the latest industry deals, TV ratings, box-office figures and analysis of global entertainment business trends and indicators; photos essays and reports from premieres and other red-carpet events; and
16512-519: Was promoted to President/Chief Creative Officer of the Entertainment Group of Guggenheim Media, giving her oversight of THR and its sister brand Billboard . Min is joined by co-president John Amato, who is responsible for business initiatives. Guggenheim Partners announced on December 17, 2015, that it would sell the Prometheus media properties to its executive Todd Boehly. The company
16641-402: Was sold to Eldridge Industries in February 2017. On February 1, 2018, Eldridge Industries announced the merger of its media properties with Media Rights Capital to form Valence Media (later rebranded in 2020 as simply MRC). In February 2017, Min announced she was stepping down from her role as President/Chief Creative Officer overseeing The Hollywood Reporter and Billboard to take on
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