42-525: (Redirected from NAT ) [REDACTED] Look up nat , Nat , NAT , nať , nät , nǟt , Nät , nåt , or Nat. in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Nat or NAT may refer to: Computing [ edit ] Network address translation (NAT), in computer networking Chemistry, biology, and medicine [ edit ] Natural antisense transcript , an RNA transcript in
84-407: A 1966 album by Nelson Riddle North Atlantic Treaty , the treaty that implemented NATO See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Nat All pages with titles containing Nat Gnat (disambiguation) NATS (disambiguation) Nath (disambiguation) National (disambiguation) Nata (disambiguation) Nati (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
126-407: A 1966 album by Nelson Riddle North Atlantic Treaty , the treaty that implemented NATO See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Nat All pages with titles containing Nat Gnat (disambiguation) NATS (disambiguation) Nath (disambiguation) National (disambiguation) Nata (disambiguation) Nati (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
168-875: A British charity National Archives of Thailand National Assembly of Thailand , the national parliament People [ edit ] Nat (name) , a given name or nickname, usually masculine, and also a surname Nat (Muslim) , a Muslim community in North India Nat caste , a Hindu caste found in northern India and Nepal Places [ edit ] Nat, Punjab , India, a village Nat, West Virginia , United States, an unincorporated community Greater Natal International Airport , São Gonçalo do Amarante, Brazil (IATA code NAT) Augusto Severo International Airport (closed), former IATA code NAT Other uses [ edit ] Nat (deity) , deities worshipped in Myanmar and neighboring countries Nat (unit) ,
210-767: A British charity National Archives of Thailand National Assembly of Thailand , the national parliament People [ edit ] Nat (name) , a given name or nickname, usually masculine, and also a surname Nat (Muslim) , a Muslim community in North India Nat caste , a Hindu caste found in northern India and Nepal Places [ edit ] Nat, Punjab , India, a village Nat, West Virginia , United States, an unincorporated community Greater Natal International Airport , São Gonçalo do Amarante, Brazil (IATA code NAT) Augusto Severo International Airport (closed), former IATA code NAT Other uses [ edit ] Nat (deity) , deities worshipped in Myanmar and neighboring countries Nat (unit) ,
252-485: A better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by promoting conditions of stability and well-being. They will seek to eliminate conflict in their international economic policies and will encourage economic collaboration between any or all of them." This is sometimes referred to as the Canada Clause after Pearson pushed for its inclusion in the treaty. This included proposals for
294-559: A cell N-acetyltransferase , an enzyme; also NAT1 , NAT2 , etc. Nucleic acid test , for genetic material Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia , a disease Noradrenaline transporter (NAT), also called norepinephrine transporter (NET) Nucleobase ascorbate transporter (NAT) family, or Nucleobase cation symporter-2 (NCS2) family Sodium ammonium tartrate tetrahydrate, the material crystallized by Pasteur as enantiomers Organizations [ edit ] National Actors Theatre , New York City, U.S. National AIDS trust ,
336-559: A cell N-acetyltransferase , an enzyme; also NAT1 , NAT2 , etc. Nucleic acid test , for genetic material Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia , a disease Noradrenaline transporter (NAT), also called norepinephrine transporter (NET) Nucleobase ascorbate transporter (NAT) family, or Nucleobase cation symporter-2 (NCS2) family Sodium ammonium tartrate tetrahydrate, the material crystallized by Pasteur as enantiomers Organizations [ edit ] National Actors Theatre , New York City, U.S. National AIDS trust ,
378-502: A committee which was chaired by US diplomat Theodore Achilles . Earlier secret talks had been held at the Pentagon between 22 March and 1 April 1948, of which Achilles said: The talks lasted about two weeks and by the time they finished, it had been secretly agreed that there would be a treaty, and I had a draft of one in the bottom drawer of my safe. It was never shown to anyone except Jack [ Hickerson ]. I wish I had kept it, but when I left
420-545: A logarithmic unit of information or entropy Bestune NAT , a Chinese electric minivan Nottingham Asphalt Tester National Achievement Test , in the Philippines North Atlantic Tracks , a set of flight routes Nat ( Wild Cards ) , the nature of some characters in the Wild Card novels Nat Smurfling , a fictional character from The Smurfs NAT: An Orchestral Portrait of Nat "King" Cole ,
462-418: A logarithmic unit of information or entropy Bestune NAT , a Chinese electric minivan Nottingham Asphalt Tester National Achievement Test , in the Philippines North Atlantic Tracks , a set of flight routes Nat ( Wild Cards ) , the nature of some characters in the Wild Card novels Nat Smurfling , a fictional character from The Smurfs NAT: An Orchestral Portrait of Nat "King" Cole ,
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#1732844496494504-585: A long and deliberative process. The treaty was created with an armed attack by the Soviet Union against Western Europe in mind, although the mutual self-defense clause was never invoked during the Cold War . By signing the North Atlantic Treaty, parties are "determined to safeguard the freedom, common heritage and civilization of the peoples, founded on the principles of democracy, individual liberty and
546-572: A major cyberattack on 15 July 2022 targeting critical and government infrastructure, widely believed to have been carried out on behalf of Iran by state–affiliated cybercriminals. Article 6 states that Article 5 covers only member states' territories in Europe, North America, Turkey, and islands in the Atlantic north of the Tropic of Cancer . A clarification regarding the territories to which Article 5 applies
588-494: A member nation is to instead withdraw from NATO's military command structure, but not from NATO entirely. This happened with France in 1966 , which rejoined in 2009; and with Greece in 1974 , which rejoined in 1980 after the new Turkish military government ended its objections to Greek re-entry. Article 14 notes the official languages of NATO as English and French, and that the United States government shall promulgate copies of
630-415: A one-year notice by the member nation to the U.S. government in its role as the treaty depositary , which then promulgates the notice to the other member nations. This has been contemplated by a number of member nations, but so far has not happened aside from withdrawals due to independence of former territories or dependencies (namely, Algeria, Malta, and Cyprus). Otherwise, the next closest option for
672-525: A set of action plans which an aspiring nation must follow in order to become a member, including the Membership Action Plan (MAP) mechanism and Intensified Dialogue formula. Article 11 indicated the process of the initial ratification of the treaty. Each signatory nation was required to ratify the treaty through their respective constitutional processes. In order to come into force, the treaty had to be ratified by Belgium, Canada, France, Luxembourg,
714-585: A trade council, cultural program, technological sharing, and an information program. Of those, only the latter two were passed. Nonetheless, it has been brought up by observers commenting on trade disputes between members. Article 3 of the treaty states that "In order more effectively to achieve the objectives of this Treaty, the Parties, separately and jointly, by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid, will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack." This
756-559: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages nat [REDACTED] Look up nat , Nat , NAT , nať , nät , nǟt , Nät , nåt , or Nat. in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Nat or NAT may refer to: Computing [ edit ] Network address translation (NAT), in computer networking Chemistry, biology, and medicine [ edit ] Natural antisense transcript , an RNA transcript in
798-665: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages North Atlantic Treaty The North Atlantic Treaty , also known as the Washington Treaty , forms the legal basis of, and is implemented by, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The treaty was signed in Washington, D.C. , on 4 April 1949. The treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949 by
840-1017: Is necessary". Chair of the Defence Select Committee of the United Kingdom Tobias Ellwood said that any deliberate attack against the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine that could cause radiation leaks would be a breach of Article 5. This statement was released over fears that a nuclear catastrophe could occur in the Russian-occupied plant during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine . The next day, American congressman Adam Kinzinger said that any radiation leak into NATO countries would kill people, which would be an automatic activation of Article 5. Albanian prime minister Edi Rama revealed that his government had considered invoking Article 5 in response to
882-501: The Belarusian migrant crisis , but it was not formally requested. The key section of the treaty is Article 5. Its commitment clause defines the casus foederis . It commits each member state to consider an armed attack against one member state, in the areas defined by Article 6, to be an armed attack against them all. Upon such attack, each member state is to assist by taking "such action as [the member state] deems necessary, including
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#1732844496494924-592: The NATO Response Force . There have also been instances where Article 4 was not formally invoked, but instead threatened. In fact, this was viewed as one of the original intentions for Article 4: as a means to elevate issues and provide member nations a means of deterrence. For example, in November 2021, the Polish foreign ministry—along with Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia—briefly considered triggering Article 4 due to
966-643: The Department in 1950, I dutifully left it in the safe and I have never been able to trace it in the archives. It drew heavily on the Rio Treaty , and a bit of the Brussels Treaty , which had not yet been signed, but of which we were being kept heavily supplied with drafts. The eventual North Atlantic Treaty had the general form, and a good bit of the language of my first draft, but with a number of important differences. According to Achilles, another important author of
1008-718: The Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Article 12 states the process by which the treaty may be amended, provided such amendments still affect the North Atlantic area and do not violate the Charter of the United Nations. In practice, this has only been used to clearly delineate which territories are under the purview of NATO . Article 13 delimits the process by which a member leaves NATO, which simply consists of
1050-761: The Spanish North African cities but this take has not been tested in practice. This is also why events such as the Balyun airstrikes did not trigger Article 5, as the Turkish troops that were attacked were in Syria, not Turkey. On 16 April 2003, NATO agreed to take command of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan , which includes troops from 42 countries. The decision came at
1092-512: The dissolution of the Soviet Union: No state has rescinded its membership but some dependencies of member states have not requested membership after becoming independent: Article 1 of the treaty states that member parties "settle any international disputes in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered, and to refrain in their international relations from
1134-601: The exception of the United Nations, which by Article 7 supersedes NATO), or in military conflict of two NATO members, Article 8 comes into force. This is most important in cases should one member engage in military action against another member, upon which the offending members would be held in abeyance of the treaty and thereby NATO protection as a whole. This has not occurred yet, but there have been several militarised disputes between NATO allies that have threatened this: If an intra-NATO conflict were to occur, there exist intra-NATO alliances which would be triggered instead in
1176-664: The instance of the abeyance. The following is a list of such active, intra-NATO military alliances. Establishes the North Atlantic Council , and is the only NATO body that derives its authority directly from the treaty. Its primary objectives as stated in the treaty is the enforcement of Article 3 and Article 5. Article 10 dictates the process by which other countries may join NATO, which is by unanimous agreement by current NATO members. Further, new NATO members can only consist of other European nations. In practice, this has turned into
1218-869: The parties is threatened." Upon its invocation, the issue is discussed in the North Atlantic Council , and can formally lead into a joint decision or action (logistic, military, or otherwise) on behalf of the Alliance. It has been officially invoked seven times since the alliance's creation. [REDACTED] Lithuania [REDACTED] Poland Denunciation of the attack and reassessment of NATO assets in Turkey . [REDACTED] Czech Republic [REDACTED] Estonia [REDACTED] Latvia [REDACTED] Lithuania [REDACTED] Poland [REDACTED] Romania [REDACTED] Slovakia Defensive build-up, matériel support to Ukraine , and activation of
1260-418: The request of Germany and the Netherlands, the two states leading ISAF at the time of the agreement, and all nineteen NATO ambassadors approved it unanimously. The handover of control to NATO took place on 11 August, and marked the first time in NATO's history that it took charge of a mission outside of the area delineated by Article 6. In the case of any contradiction with other international obligations (with
1302-473: The rule of law." The following twelve states signed the treaty and thus became the founding members of NATO. The following leaders signed the agreement as plenipotentiaries of their countries in Washington, D.C. , on 4 April 1949: The following four states joined the treaty after the 12 founding states, but before the dissolution of the Soviet Union: The following 16 states joined the treaty after
Nat - Misplaced Pages Continue
1344-442: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Nat . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nat&oldid=1224228796 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1386-442: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Nat . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nat&oldid=1224228796 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1428-529: The terms of the North Atlantic Treaty. The eight official actions taken by NATO in response to the 9/11 attacks included Operation Eagle Assist and Operation Active Endeavour , a naval operation in the Mediterranean which was designed to prevent the movement of terrorists or weapons of mass destruction, as well as enhancing the security of shipping in general. Active Endeavour began on 4 October 2001. The downing of an "unarmed" Turkish military jet which
1470-534: The threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations." Members seek to promote stability and well-being in the North Atlantic area through preservation of peace and security in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations . Article 2 of the treaty stipulates that "The Parties will contribute toward the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions, by bringing about
1512-554: The treaty was John D. Hickerson : More than any human being Jack was responsible for the nature, content, and form of the Treaty...It was a one-man Hickerson treaty. As a fundamental component of NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty is a product of the US' desire to avoid overextension at the end of World War II, and consequently pursue multilateralism in Europe. It is part of the US' collective defense arrangement with Western European powers, following
1554-458: The use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area." The article has only been invoked once, but considered in a number of other cases. Article 5 has been invoked only once in NATO history, after the September 11 attacks on the United States in 2001. The invocation was confirmed on 4 October 2001, when NATO determined that the attacks were indeed eligible under
1596-637: Was "13 sea miles" from Syria over "international waters" on a "solo mission to test domestic radar systems". On 25 June, the Turkish Deputy Prime Minister said that he intended to raise Article 5. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan stated that "The tomb of Suleyman Shah [in Syria] and the land surrounding it is our territory. We cannot ignore any unfavorable act against that monument, as it would be an attack on our territory, as well as an attack on NATO land... Everyone knows his duty, and will continue to do what
1638-563: Was first accepted during the 2016 Warsaw summit , and further reiterated and clarified due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. In accordance with NATO documents, this has been understood to include seven key areas: Article 4 is generally considered the starting point for major NATO operations, and therefore is intended for either emergencies or situations of urgency. It officially calls for consultation over military matters when "the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of
1680-419: Was interpreted in 2022 as the basis for the target for a 2% GDP expenditure rule, which was established as a loose guideline in 2006. This metric was confirmed again during the 2014 Wales summit . It has also been used as a core concept for a mandate to strengthen member resilience: the ability to resist and recover from major disasters, failures in infrastructure, or traditional armed attack. This commitment
1722-549: Was issued by Article 2 of the Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the accession of Greece and Turkey signed on 22 October 1951. Subsequent expansions, such as to West Germany in 1955, were treated in the same way. In 1954, following India's annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli , the Portuguese government was precluded from invoking Article 5 due to Article 6, but it was understood at the time that Article 4 could be invoked. It
Nat - Misplaced Pages Continue
1764-670: Was the opinion in August 1965 of the US State Department, the US Defense Department, and the legal division of NATO that an attack on the U.S. state of Hawaii would not trigger the treaty, but an attack on the other 49 would. The Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the North African shore are thus not under NATO protection in spite of Moroccan claims to them . Legal experts have interpreted that other articles could cover
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