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52-496: MoSys, Inc. , originally Monolithic System Technology ( MoST ), was a fabless semiconductor design company founded in 1991. The company primarily designed memory chips and were especially known for their Multibank DRAM and 1T-SRAM technologies—the latter used on Nintendo 's Wii and GameCube video game consoles. MoSys was incorporated in San Jose, California, on September 16, 1991, as Monolithic System Technology. The company

104-464: A designer of mmWave semiconductor, to emerge as Peraso Inc. Fabless manufacturing Prior to the 1980s, the semiconductor industry was vertically integrated . Semiconductor companies owned and operated their own silicon-wafer fabrication facilities and developed their own process technology for manufacturing their chips. These companies also carried out the assembly and testing of their own chips. As with most technology-intensive industries,

156-475: A fabrication plant. Simultaneously, the foundry industry was established by Dr. Morris Chang with the founding of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (TSMC). Foundries became the cornerstone of the fabless model, providing a non-competitive manufacturing partner for fabless companies. The co-founders of the first fabless semiconductor company, LSI Computer Systems, Inc. (LSI/CSI) LSI/CSI, worked together at General Instrument Microelectronics (GIM) in

208-715: A number of ground-floor businesses, and the lawsuit against Wells Fargo was resolved in the bank's favor. The development was sold to Sares Regis in late 2016. Redwood Square reopened as a park in 2017. Many apartments are occupied, and more are being completed in 2020. A Whole Foods Market and AMC Theatres multiplex opened in October 2020. In the 2010s, Sunnyvale became home to operations from numerous major technology companies including Apple , LinkedIn (now headquartered in Sunnyvale), Google , Amazon , Meta , Walmart Labs , and 23andMe . Google announced major development plans in

260-454: A population of 155,805. The population density was 6,596 inhabitants per square mile (2,547/km ). The racial makeup of Sunnyvale was 46,551 (29.9%) White , 2,228 (1.4%) African American , 1,081 (0.7%) Native American , 77,842 (49.9%) Asian , 491 (0.3%) Pacific Islander , 14,181 (9.1%) from other races , and 13,431 (8.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 25,372 persons (16.3%). Non-Hispanic Whites were 27.8% of

312-482: A population of 155,860 residents. In November 2009, previously closed portions of the main streets in downtown Sunnyvale were reopened as part of the ongoing downtown redevelopment of the Sunnyvale Town Center mall, marking the first time in over three decades that those street blocks have been open to vehicle and pedestrian traffic. Part of the project involved building new apartment buildings, however during

364-436: A rekindling of interest in technology companies in the stock market, which had fallen in the twilight of the dot-com bubble . In February 2004, Synopsys announced that it would acquire Monolithic for US$ 432 million. However, a month later, Synopsys terminated their agreement to buy out Monolithic and paid the company a $ 10 million termination fee as part of the merger contract. This came after Synopsys had switched

416-506: Is a city located in the Santa Clara Valley in northwest Santa Clara County in the U.S. state of California . Sunnyvale lies along the historic El Camino Real and Highway 101 and is bordered by portions of San Jose to the north, Moffett Federal Airfield and NASA Ames Research Center to the northwest, Mountain View to the northwest, Los Altos to the southwest, Cupertino to

468-460: Is located in a sunny region adjacent to areas with significantly more fog. Sunnyvale continued to grow and in 1904, dried fruit production began. Two years later, Libby, McNeill & Libby , a Chicago meat-packing company, decided to open its first fruit-packing factory in Sunnyvale. Today, a water tower painted to resemble the first Libby's fruit cocktail can label identifies the former site of

520-430: Is needed to build one memory cell, while static RAM commonly requires six transistors. The academics Bruce Jacob, Spencer W. Ng, David T. Wang, writing in the book Memory Systems (2008), called the name a misnomer: "[1-transistor static RAM] is not really possible, but it makes for a catchy name". In 1999, Nintendo signed a contract with MoSys to use 1T-SRAM in its codenamed Dolphin video game console, later unveiled as

572-449: Is one of the few U.S. cities to have a single unified Department of Public Safety , where all personnel are trained as firefighters , police officers , and EMTs , so that they can respond to an emergency in any of the three roles. The Santa Clara Valley was heavily populated by the indigenous Ohlone people when the Spanish first arrived in the 1770s. However, following the arrival of

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624-604: Is selected from the six city council members by the mayor and city council, serving a one-year term. The city council hires a city manager to run the day-to-day operations of the city government. Sunnyvale is the largest city in the United States that uses a consolidated department of public safety , with sworn officers who are fully cross-trained to perform police , firefighting , and emergency medical services . Officer assignments are rotated annually, with some specialist assignments lasting up to five years. Sunnyvale has had

676-649: The Fabless Semiconductor Association (FSA) to promote the fabless business-model globally. In December 2007, the FSA transitioned to the GSA, the Global Semiconductor Alliance . The organizational transition reflected the role FSA had played as a global organization that collaborated with other organizations to co-host international events. The fabless manufacturing model has been further validated by

728-552: The GameCube in 2001. Over 25 million units of 1T-SRAM were produced up to October 2002. A newer version of 1T-SRAM, dubbed 1T-SRAM Classic, was patented and introduced in 2006. Nintendo re-entered a contract with Monolithic to use it in the Wii , in 2006. The company began narrowing its chip sales in 1998, in favor of licensing its patents to other semiconductor memory companies. In September 2000, Monolithic's board members voted to reincorporate

780-520: The Great Recession the property was repossessed by Wells Fargo in 2009; the developer countersued, leaving the project in legal limbo through 2015. The two office buildings are now fully occupied by Uber . Mixed-use developments have been built at the former Town and Country location near the Plaza del Sol just north of Murphy Avenue. By mid 2015, new multistory apartment complexes had opened, including

832-519: The 1900s, as "the City of Destiny". Also in 1897, Encinal School opened as the first school in Murphy. Previously, children in the town had to travel to Mountain View for school. The area also became known as Encinal. In 1901, the residents of Murphy were informed they could not use the names Encinal or Murphy for their post office. Sunnyvale was given its current name on March 24, 1901. It was named Sunnyvale as it

884-577: The 1960s. In 1969 GIM was hired to develop three full custom CPU circuits for Control Data Corporation (CDC). These CPU ICs operated at 5 MHz (state of the art at the time) and were incorporated in the CDC Computer 469. The Computer 469 became a standard CDC Aerospace Computer and was used in the Spy in the Sky Satellites in addition to other classified satellite programs. GIM was reluctant to proceed with

936-535: The Moffett Park area in 2017 adjacent to Moffett Field , with these offices ultimately opening in 2022. In addition, Amazon and Meta began leasing buildings in Sunnyvale in 2017 and 2021, respectively. Sunnyvale is located at 37°22′7.56″N 122°2′13.4″W  /  37.3687667°N 122.037056°W  / 37.3687667; -122.037056 . According to the United States Census Bureau ,

988-771: The Spaniards, smallpox , measles , and other Old World diseases greatly reduced the Ohlone population. While some of the Ohlone Native Americans died from diseases, others survived and were converted to Christian faith by the Spanish. In 1777, Mission Santa Clara was founded by Franciscan missionary Padre Junipero Serra and was originally located in San Jose (near what is now the San Jose International Airport runway). In 1843, Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas

1040-556: The aircraft manufacturer Lockheed moved its headquarters to Sunnyvale. Since then, numerous high-tech companies have established offices and headquarters in Sunnyvale, including Advanced Micro Devices and Yahoo . The first prototype of Atari 's coin-operated Pong , the first successful video game, was installed in Sunnyvale in August 1972 in a bar named Andy Capp's Tavern, now Rooster T. Feathers. Atari's headquarters were located at 1196 Borregas Avenue in north Sunnyvale. By 2002,

1092-591: The area. Martin Murphy Jr. came to California with his father as part of the Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party in 1844. In 1850, Martin Murphy Jr. bought a piece of Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas for $ 12,500. Murphy established a wheat farm and ranch named Bay View. Murphy had the first wood-frame house in Santa Clara County ; it was shipped from New England . The house was demolished in 1961 but

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1144-496: The city has a total area of 22.7 sq mi (58.8 km ), of which, 22.0 sq mi (56.9 km ) of it is land and 0.69 sq mi (1.8 km ) of it (3.09%) is water. Its elevation is 130 feet above sea level. Like most of the San Francisco Bay Area, Sunnyvale has a Mediterranean climate ( Köppen Csb ), with cool, moist winters and warm, very dry summers. Average daytime summer temperatures are in

1196-510: The city's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: The City of Sunnyvale uses the council–manager form of government, with a city council consisting of seven members elected to fill individual seats. Starting in November 2020, the mayor is directly elected to a four-year term in a city-wide election. The six council members are elected to four year terms from six districts in even-year elections. The vice-mayor

1248-514: The company in Delaware . The company still operated within California, relocating its research office to nearby Sunnyvale by June 2001. The same month, the company filed its initial public offering , mediated through A. G. Edwards . The company's stock rose 12 percent within the first day of its launch, leading to a net proceed of $ 51 million for Monolithic. The Wall Street Journal saw this as

1300-944: The conversion of major IDMs to a completely fabless model, including (for example) Conexant Systems , Semtech , and most recently, LSI Logic . Today most major IDMs including Apple Inc. , Infineon and Cypress Semiconductor have adopted the practice of outsourcing chip manufacturing as a significant manufacturing strategy. The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2023 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2020 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2019 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2017 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2013 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2011 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2010 were: The top 5 sales leaders for fabless companies in 2003 were: Sunnyvale, California Sunnyvale ( / ˈ s ʌ n i v eɪ l , v əl / )

1352-447: The fabless semiconductor industry, LSI/CSI had to do the following: CDC's Aerospace Computer 469 weighed one pound, consumed a total of 10 watts and ran at 5 MHz. CDC ran a parallel program, developing a chipset of eight similar parts that were to operate at 2.5 MHz with the identical environmental and Class S requirements. CDC had initial difficulties with this project, but eventually awarded another contract to LSI/CSI to manage

1404-587: The factory. Also in 1906, the Joshua Hendy Iron Works relocated from San Francisco to Sunnyvale after the company's building was destroyed by fire after the 1906 earthquake. The ironworks was the first non-agricultural industry in the town. The company later switched from producing mining equipment to other products such as marine steam engines . In 1912, the residents of Sunnyvale voted to incorporate, and Sunnyvale became an official city. Fremont High School first opened in 1923. The year 2023 marked

1456-588: The farm labor in Santa Clara County. This percentage reduced over time after the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed. In the following decade, the 1890s, many immigrants from Italy , the Azores , Portugal , and Japan arrived to work in the orchards. In 1897, Walter Everett Crossman bought 200 acres (810,000 m ) and began selling real estate. He advertised the area as "Beautiful Murphy" and later, in

1508-562: The few remaining orchards had been replaced with homes and shops. However, there are still city-owned orchards, such as the Heritage Orchard next to the Sunnyvale Community Center. In 1979, an indoor mall called Sunnyvale Town Center opened in what used to be a traditional downtown shopping district. After years of successful operation, the mall started to decline in the 1990s. After numerous changes in plans and ownership,

1560-536: The first commercial fruit cannery in the county. Fruit agriculture for canning soon became a major industry in the county. The invention of the refrigerated rail car further increased the viability of an economy based upon fruit. The fruit orchards became so prevalent that in 1886, the San Jose Board of Trade called Santa Clara County the "Garden of the World". In the 1880s, Chinese workers made up roughly one third of

1612-489: The high 70s, and during the winter, average daytime high temperatures rarely stay below 50 °F (10 °C). Snowfall is rare, but on January 21, 1962, and February 5, 1976, measurable snowfall occurred in Sunnyvale and most of the San Francisco Bay Area . Sunnyvale was briefly hit by tornadoes in 1951 and 1998, but otherwise they are extremely rare. The 2020 United States census reported that Sunnyvale had

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1664-575: The internal bus, achieving a 32-bit word on every pulse. MDRAM secured design wins in July 1994 with Tseng Labs , Trident Microsystems , and S3 Inc. using the chips in their graphics accelerator cards . Access time was rated at 15  ns , compared to 60 ns of contemporary chips. MDRAM required a proprietary interface and could not be adapted to the SIMM card standard for desktop computer memory of its day. Volume production, handled by an outside fabricator,

1716-480: The mall was demolished in 2007. Sunnyvale celebrated its one-hundredth anniversary on August 25, 2012. According to the Bay Area Census, there was a total population of 130,885 people in households and 875 people in group quarters in 2000. In 2023, the city has a population of 145,302 residents; however, the city's population is declining at a rate of −6.77% since the 2020 census, which claimed that Sunnyvale had

1768-457: The mantle. Monolithic had, by the end of 2005, 76 full-time employees—25 executives in Delaware and 51 engineers in the company's research and development lab in Sunnyvale. In May 2006, the company formally renamed themselves to MoSys. By the late 2010s MoSys had pivoted to designing chips for security, telecommunications , and datacenters . In December 2021, they merged with Peraso Technologies,

1820-631: The next phase of the program, which it deemed to be too technically challenging. The GIM engineers who had worked on the project were encouraged by CDC to form their own company to provide five new custom circuits. This resulted in the formation of LSI Computer Systems, Inc. (LSI/CSI) in 1969. The new chips were power-efficient random logic circuits with extremely high circuit densities. These new circuits also operated at 5 MHz. These devices were designated LSI0101, LSI0102, LSI0103, LSI0104, and LSI0105 and were manufactured in compact 40-pin metal flat packs with 0.050 inches (1.3 mm) spacing. In creating

1872-564: The population in 2020, compared to 74.7% in 1980. There were 59,567 households, out of which 16,133 (27%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 31,557 (53.0%) were married opposite-sex couples living together, 4,069 (6.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,908 (4.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3,382 (5.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 657 (1.1%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 14,970 households (25.1%) were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who

1924-482: The processing, inspection, visuals, assembly, and testing of the ICs. These parts were given the designation LSI3201, LSI3202, LSI3203, LSI3204 and LSI3205. Another successful space program completed by LSI/CSI was the upgrade to class S of a Standard Brushless DC Motor Commutator/Controller Chip, LS7262, which was implemented in satellites. In 1994, Jodi Shelton , along with a half a dozen CEOs of fabless companies, established

1976-507: The same capacity; when more than one read/write operation occurs within a bank, the on-chip memory controller redirects access to the cache, allowing the cells within the bank to be refreshed. All banks not involved in a given transaction are meanwhile refreshed in the background. This effectively achieves SRAM-like performance, without the need for wait states for every recharge cycle. The 1T in 1T-SRAM stands for 1 transistor; in dynamic RAM, typically only one transistor –capacitor pair

2028-534: The school's 100 year anniversary. In 1924, Edwina Benner was elected to her first term as mayor of Sunnyvale. She was the second female mayor in the history of the state of California . In 1930, Congress decided to place the West Coast dirigible base in Sunnyvale after "buying" the 1,000-acre (4.0 km ) parcel of farmland bordering the San Francisco Bay from the city for $ 1. This naval airfield

2080-482: The silicon manufacturing process presents high barriers to entry into the market, especially for small start-up companies. But integrated device manufacturers (IDMs) had excess production capacity. This presented an opportunity for smaller companies, relying on IDMs, to design but not manufacture silicon. These conditions underlay the birth of the fabless business model . Engineers at new companies began designing and selling integrated circuits (ICs) without owning

2132-586: The south, and Santa Clara to the east. Sunnyvale's population was 155,805 at the 2020 census , making it the second most populous city in the county (after San Jose ) and the seventh most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area . As one of the major cities that make up California's high-tech area known as Silicon Valley , Sunnyvale is the birthplace of the video game industry, former location of Atari headquarters. Many technology companies are headquartered in Sunnyvale and many more operate there, including several aerospace/defense companies. Sunnyvale

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2184-471: The terms of their acquisition, proposing to Monolithic a $ 13.50-per-share all-cash offer, incurring a very high premium. Monolithic followed with a lawsuit in Delaware courts seeking to force Synopsys to finish their acquisition. Monolithic dropped the suit in July 2004 without payment or liability. In late December 2004, following ill-health and a tough year for the company, chairman Fu-Chieh resigned from Monolithic, with chief financial officer Mark Voll taking

2236-423: The war effort. As the defense industry grew, a shortage of workers in the farm industry was created. Immigrants from Mexico came to Sunnyvale to fill this void of workers. Following the war, the fruit orchards and sweetcorn farms were cleared to build homes, factories and offices. In 1950 the volunteer fire department and the paid police department were combined into the department of public safety. In 1956,

2288-566: Was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.3 males. There were 63,065 housing units, of which 45.8% were owner-occupied, and 54.2% were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 72,485 people (46.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 80,220 people (51.5%) lived in rental housing units. Companies based in Sunnyvale include Infinera , Fortinet , Intuitive Surgical , Juniper Networks , LinkedIn , Proofpoint, Inc. , Matterport, Inc. , and Trimble Inc. According to

2340-422: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54. There were 38,750 families (65.0% of all households); the average family size was 3.09. The population was spread out, with 32,453 people (20.8%) under the age of 18, 9,641 people (6.2%) aged 18 to 24, 57,977 people (37.2%) aged 25 to 44, 34,330 people (22.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 20,683 people (13.2%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

2392-401: Was a specialized type of dynamic random-access memory that Monolithic termed Multibank DRAM (MDRAM). The initial entry in this series of chips was a 4-Mb chip, composed of 16 cells of 16-bit -wide 16-kB memory; a simple interface on each of the cells connects them to a high-speed bus on the chip. On each leading edge and trailing edge of the chip-enable pulse, memory arrays output data onto

2444-435: Was achieved in late 1994. In July 1998, Monolithic introduced a series of pipelined-burst static RAM chips for the notebook computer market. In September 1998 they introduced 1T-SRAM , a pseudo-static random-access memory technology. Unlike true static RAM, 1T-SRAM is essentially dynamic RAM, which requires each memory cell to be refreshed constantly . However, 1T-SRAM pairs each bank of cells with true SRAM cache of

2496-507: Was also the home to Onizuka Air Force Station , often referred to as "the Blue Cube" because of the color and shape of its windowless main building. The facility, previously known as Sunnyvale Air Force Station, was named for the deceased Space Shuttle Challenger astronaut Ellison Onizuka . It served as an artificial satellite control facility of the U.S. military until August 2010 and has since been decommissioned and demolished. Sunnyvale

2548-426: Was co-founded by Fu-Chieh Hsu, who also served as its chairman and president until December 2004. Joined by Fu-Chieh were Wingyu Leung and Gary Banta, both vice presidents of design engineering. The initial design team staffed engineers poached from Integrated Device Technology , ISSI , Rambus , and Plus Logic. By 1994, the company had received $ 7.5 million in venture funding. The company's first major product

2600-458: Was granted to Francisco Estrada and his wife Inez Castro. Portions of the land given in this grant later developed into the cities of Mountain View and Sunnyvale. Two years later, in 1844, another land grant was provided to Lupe Yñigo, one of the few Native Americans to hold land grants. His land grant was first called Rancho Posolmi , named in honor of a village of the Ohlone that once stood in

2652-544: Was later renamed Naval Air Station Moffett and then Moffett Federal Airfield and is commonly called Moffett Field. In 1939, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, the forerunner of NASA ) began research at Ames Laboratory . During World War II, the war economy began a change from the fruit industry to the high-tech industry in Santa Clara County. The Joshua Hendy Iron Works built marine steam engines, naval guns and rocket launchers to aid in

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2704-653: Was reconstructed in 2008 as the Sunnyvale Heritage Park Museum . When he died in 1884, his land was divided among his heirs. In 1860, The San Francisco and San Jose Rail Road was allowed to lay tracks on Bay View and established Murphy Station. Lawrence Station was later established on the southern edge of Bay View. In the 1870s, small fruit orchards replaced many large wheat farms, because wheat farming turned uneconomical due to county and property tax laws, imports and soil degradation . In 1871, Dr. James M. Dawson and his wife Eloise (née Jones) established

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