51-562: Monkhams is an area in Woodford in the London Borough of Redbridge . The Monkhams Estate is an affluent area consisting mainly of large, detached homes. Monkhams was originally a country estate in northern Woodford in what was then rural Essex . It was historically owned by Stratford Langthorne Abbey . In the late 19th century, the area contained a country house, which was owned by West Ham United founder Arnold Hills . In 1901, Hills sold
102-478: A Clergyman in Yorkshire, he remarked My living in Yorkshire was so far out of the way, that it was actually twelve miles from a lemon . He compared marriage to a pair of shears, so joined that they can not be separated; often moving in opposite directions, yet always punishing anyone who comes between them . Moreover, Smith published several recipes; his rhyming recipe for salad dressing ( Let onion atoms lurk within
153-555: A child he lived at Woodford Hall between 1840 and 1847. Woodford Hall (demolished at the start of the 20th century) stood on Woodford High Road on the site where the Woodford Parish Memorial Hall now is. Another writer who lived in Woodford is James Hilton , who wrote the novels Goodbye Mr Chips and Lost Horizon (in which he coined the term Shangri La ) in a semi-detached house at 42 Oak Hill Gardens, which however
204-429: A few years later. The central block was again completely restored, with the minor wings you can still see added on. Historians have pointed out Woodford's historic roads as evidence of its 'residential nature', as these roads provided reasonably easy access to Woodford, but no further on. There were two roads to Woodford, the 'lower road' (now Chigwell Road) and the 'upper road' (now Woodford New Road). The 'lower road'
255-617: A fine job it was given responsibility for the 'lower road' as well. In 1828, the Trust built the 'Woodford New Road' from Walthamstow to Woodford Wells , and was soon after connected to the newly built Epping New Road. The parish was controlled from Saxon times up to the 16th century by the Abbot of Waltham and the first known reference to a church in Woodford dates from the 12th century. The ancient parish of Woodford, also known as Woodford St Mary after its parish church of St Mary's , formed part of
306-400: A similar fashion, gained the contemporary name of Woodford Green by 1883. An earlier name which has acted as an alternative to this was Woodford Row. The beginnings of Woodford can be traced to a medieval settlement which developed around the ford. Woodford was never a single village, rather it was a collection of hamlets, and has retained to some extent its portmanteau nature. The parish
357-469: Is a shared-use path for pedestrians and cyclists which begins in Woodford and continues to Ilford. Chigwell 51°37′21″N 0°04′20″E / 51.6225°N 0.07227°E / 51.6225; 0.07227 Chigwell is a town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex , England. It is part of the urban and metropolitan area of London , and is adjacent to
408-818: Is based at the Old Chigwellians Club in Roding Lane. Chigwell also plays host to the Old Loughtonians Hockey Club . There are two pubs, the King William IV and the Two Brewers. Ye Olde King's Head, which was operated as a pub until 2011, is said to be the Maypole Inn in Dickens ' Barnaby Rudge . The building was subsequently sold to local resident Lord Sugar's property company Amsprop which now leases
459-603: Is separated from Ilford North by the Central line, whilst a small part of South Woodford is in Leyton and Wanstead constituency. Previously the local constituency was Wanstead and Woodford (1974–1997) and before that Woodford (1945–1974) which was represented by Winston Churchill between 1945 and 1964. Churchill had previously represented the area (1924-1945) as part of the Epping Parliamentary Constituency - and
510-435: Is the erection of three churches in the area, a Congregational, Methodist and Church of All Saints, all built in 1874. Woodford completed its suburbanisation in the period between the two World Wars of the 20th century. Available land was hungrily built on and the grand houses of the wealthy who had been building them for more than four hundred years were pulled down to make way for the middle class housing estates, typified by
561-415: Is typical of the Woodford resident today. Woodford soon became the residence of the well-to-do city worker, as attested by John Marius Wilson in his Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales , written between 1870 and 1872 In fact Woodford doubled its population in the middle and later decades of the 19th century due to the arrival of the railway. A good barometer of Woodford's rapid growth in this period
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#1732855166072612-931: The A121 to Loughton , the A110 towards Chingford and Enfield , the A1009 towards Chingford Hatch , the A1199 to Wanstead, and the A503 towards Walthamstow. These roads fall into the Low Emission Zone for the most polluting heavy diesel vehicles. The A406 North Circular Road divides Woodford from South Woodford. The road forms the Ultra Low Emission Zone boundary for the most polluting light vehicles, which only applies in South Woodford. The M11 motorway begins in Woodford and bypasses
663-744: The Becontree hundred of Essex . It was suburban to London and formed part of the Metropolitan Police District from 1840. For administration of the Poor Law it was grouped into the West Ham Union in 1835. The parish adopted the Local Government Act 1858 in 1873, setting up a local board of nine members. The Local Government Act 1894 reconstituted its area as Woodford Urban District , governed by Woodford Urban District Council. In 1934
714-462: The Geographical and social high point of East London . Woodford was suburban to London and after being combined with Wanstead in 1934 it was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1937. It has formed part of Greater London since 1965 and comprises the neighbourhoods of Woodford Green , Woodford Bridge , Woodford Wells and South Woodford . The area is served by two stations on the Central line of
765-704: The Grade I Listed building to the Sheesh Turkish restaurant. Until their closure in 2002, Chigwell had night clubs, known collectively as the Epping Forest Country Club . There is a Local Nature Reserve at Roding Valley Meadows off Roding Lane which follows the River Roding up to Loughton . The TV series Birds of a Feather was set in Chigwell. All bus services are Transport for London services, except
816-483: The London Borough of Redbridge . It is located 9.5 miles (15.3 km) north-east of Charing Cross . Woodford historically formed an ancient parish in the county of Essex . It contained a string of agrarian villages and was part of Epping Forest . From about 1700 onwards, it became a place of residence for affluent people who had business in London; this wealth, together with its elevated position, has led to it being called
867-480: The "-well" element in the name derives from Anglo-Saxon weald (wood). The land registration map of Redbridge Council shows "Chig Well (site of)" as being located to the rear of the house located at 67 Brocket Way, Chigwell. Traditionally a rural farming community, but now largely suburban, Chigwell was mentioned in the Domesday Book . It is referred to by Charles Dickens in his novel Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of
918-497: The 1930s). Richard Warner , who occupied Harts at Woodford Green, cultivated the first gardenia to flower in England and who in 1771 compiled Plantae Woodfordienses - A Catalogue Of The More Perfect Plants Growing Spontaneously About Woodford In The County Of Essex The London Underground Central line serves Woodford , South Woodford and Roding Valley . Trains link the area to Epping , Loughton , Chigwell and Hainault to
969-777: The 804. Route 150 just penetrates into Chigwell Row . Routes 362 and 462 serve only Grange Hill . Route 275 just passes through Tomswood Road and the westernmost section of Manor Road. Chigwell is served by Chigwell station and Grange Hill station (further south bordering Hainault), both on the Central line of the London Underground. For a more frequent service to London there are also nearby Buckhurst Hill , Woodford , Loughton and Hainault stations as services between Grange Hill and Woodford are limited to three trains per hour in each direction, with an increased service during morning peak hours. In 2023 and 2024, Google Street View
1020-747: The Coronation celebrations. Some of the RAF Chigwell site is now part of the Local Nature Reserve , Roding Valley Meadows LNR. The local council of the civil parish is Chigwell Parish Council. The parish council originally existed from 1894 to 1933, and was created again in 1996. The parish council offices are located on Hainault Road. Councillors are elected from three wards: Grange Hill, Chigwell Row and Chigwell Village. Local councillors are also elected to Epping Forest District Council and Essex County Council . The hamlet of Chigwell Row lies towards
1071-525: The Fifteenth Century, when wealthy Londoners started to build mansions there. Woodford provided attractive estates for London merchants and retired East India Company officials who built large houses there. As a consequence, many of the recorded inhabitants would have been servants, and there is even evidence of Africans ('negroes') living in Woodford in the eighteenth century. In fact the domestic servants and wealthy Londoners may have quickly outnumbered
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#17328551660721122-599: The Limes Farm estate through the summer months. Many past and present players and staff have homes in the area. Leyton Orient Football Club also have a training ground in Chigwell, adjacent to Chigwell School's fields. A David Lloyd Leisure Centre , situated off Roding Road by the M11 motorway , contains indoor and outdoor tennis courts, swimming pools and gymnasium. Also in the area are a Holmes Place Health Club, Topgolf playing Centre and Chigwell Golf Club . Chigwell Cricket Club
1173-533: The London Borough of Redbridge. The beginnings of the actual modern suburbanisation of Woodford, however, can be traced to the opening (in 1856) of the Eastern Counties Railway Line from Stratford to Loughton , on which Woodford became accessible by two stations, at Snakes Lane and George Lane . The new convenience of transportation encouraged the growth in number of the daily commuter that
1224-484: The London Underground: Woodford and South Woodford . Woodford appears in the 1086 Domesday Book as Wdefort , although its earliest recorded use is earlier in 1062 as Wudeford . The name is Old English and means 'ford in or by the wood'. The ford refers to where a minor Roman road from London crossed the River Roding , which was replaced with a bridge by 1238; this led to the renaming of part of
1275-640: The Riots of 'Eighty ; the Maypole Inn is based on the King's Head inn, though the name was taken from the Maypole public house in Chigwell Row. It is likely Dickens was aware of both hostelries, since he frequently visited Chigwell, which he described in a letter to John Forster as "the greatest place in the world ... Such a delicious old inn opposite the churchyard ... such beautiful forest scenery ... such an out of
1326-570: The airship L48 over Norfolk in June 1917. Woodford, as part of Epping Forest was one of the last places in London where medieval Commoner's rights persisted - with local farmers being allowed to graze their cattle on the common land. These rights were protected by sections 14 and 15 of the Byelaws passed by the Conservators of Epping Forest. Even late into the 20th century cattle were allowed to roam freely on
1377-524: The area to Oxford Circus via Hackney and Shoreditch overnight. The A104 runs north–south through Woodford between the North Circular Road and Epping . This once formed part of the A11 trunk road, before being renumbered in the 1980s to discourage use in favour of then new M11. The A113 passes Woodford to the east, between Wanstead and Abridge or Chipping Ongar . Other main routes include
1428-668: The bowl/And, scarce suspected, animate the whole ) makes him a household name in America to this day. Woodford also has connections with the leading Suffragette , peace campaigner and anti-fascist Sylvia Pankhurst . Pankhurst was a longtime resident on Charteris Road, close to Woodford Station. She had been introduced to the area by George Lansbury , co-founder of the Labour Party and grandfather of Angela Lansbury . Previous to her residence in Charteris Road, Sylvia Pankhurst had challenged
1479-504: The district as Woodford Bridge by 1805. The old Saxon road, that followed the valley at this point and utilised this ford, skirted the forest (which was, and is, on the high ground west of the Roding). The Saxon Road eventually reached north of the Forest and branched East and West at that point. Woodford by this chance was on the trade route to the further parts of Essex. Part of the district, in
1530-532: The east of Chigwell, near Lambourne ; this part of the parish is well forested and mostly rural. Grange Hill is the area around the junction of Manor Road and Fencepiece Road/Hainault Road, extending as far as the boundary with Redbridge including the Limes Farm estate. Chigwell has a population of around 12,500 and is generally considered a wealthy area, characterised by large suburban houses, notably in Manor Road, Hainault Road and Chigwell High Road, which featured in
1581-699: The first time in Buckhurst Hill , in 1996. From 1933 to 1958 there was an RAF presence at Roding Valley Meadows (near what is now the David Lloyd Leisure Centre). It served first to provide barrage balloon protection during the Second World War and was involved in the rollout of Britain's coastal nuclear early warning system during the Cold War . In 1953 it briefly housed the RAF contingent taking part in
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1632-461: The forest ground (Forest, in this instance being the term applying to the district rather than that area with trees). The practice became increasingly less well suited to the times, as they occasionally penetrated into neighbouring gardens and roads before being driven back onto the forest land. The local BSE outbreak during the early 1990s caused the practice to be halted for a while. Their departure, however, meant that grass and saplings grew on
1683-456: The land to pay off debts to developers, who built property targeted at middle and upper classes. Monkhams is also a ward of the London Borough of Redbridge. The population of the ward at the 2011 Census was 10,422. 51°37′01″N 0°01′34″E / 51.617°N 0.026°E / 51.617; 0.026 Woodford, London Woodford is a town in East London , England, within
1734-461: The moral codes of her day by living in sin with an Italian radical on 126 High Road, opposite the Horse and Well Pub. She renamed the cottage Red Cottage in homage to the leftist activities she carried out from there. She erected an anti-air-warfare monument in protest to the bombing of the people of Ethiopia under the orders of Benito Mussolini on the site of the cottage (the cottage was pulled down in
1785-401: The name from a lost "king's well", supposed to have been to the south-east of the parish near the border of what is now the London Borough of Redbridge. There were several medicinal springs in Chigwell Row documented by Miller Christy in his book History of the mineral waters and medicinal springs of the county of Essex , published in 1910. The 18th-century historian Nathaniel Salmon stated that
1836-436: The north. Southbound services run directly to Stratford , The City , The West End and West London . The London Overground serves nearby Highams Park station between Liverpool Street and Chingford . London buses 20 , 123 , 179 , 275 , 549 , W13 and W14 call at Woodford. Buses link the area directly to Debden , Wood Green , Ilford , Chingford , Walthamstow and Leyton . Night bus N55 links
1887-480: The northern boundary of Greater London . It is on the Central line of the London Underground . In 2011 the parish had a population of 12,987. According to P. H. Reaney's Place-Names of Essex the name means 'Cicca's well', Cicca being an Anglo-Saxon personal name. In medieval sources the name appears with a variety of spellings including "Cinghe uuella" and Chikewelle". Folk etymology has sought to derive
1938-509: The parish and rural district councils. When Greater London was created in 1965 a small, more densely populated section to the southeast was transferred to the London Borough of Redbridge ; this area is now known as the Manford estate and continues to be within the Chigwell post town . The rest of Chigwell Urban District was incorporated into the Epping Forest District in 1974. Parish councils were re-established for Chigwell and Loughton , and for
1989-665: The popular English situation comedy Birds of a Feather (although many of the outside locations used in that programme were not in Chigwell). Schools in the area include Chigwell Primary Academy, Limes Farm Infants School & Nursery, Limes Farm Junior School, Guru Gobind Singh Khalsa College , West Hatch High School and Chigwell School , a private school , which was founded from a bequest by Samuel Harsnett , Archbishop of York, in 1629, among whose past pupils are William Penn , who later went on to found Pennsylvania , and actor Sir Ian Holm . The diarist John Aubrey recorded that it
2040-547: The previously well-cropped meadow areas of forest land. When the cattle were reintroduced in 2001 their range was restricted so that there would be less conflict with other interests. Woodford is divided between three parliamentary constituencies including Chingford and Woodford Green which is currently represented by Conservative Iain Duncan Smith , who was the Party Leader from 2001 to 2003. Chingford and Woodford Green
2091-413: The remnant of the local, original rural folk. An example of the kind of grand house typical of pre-19th century Woodford is Hurst House , also known as 'The Naked Beauty', which stands on Salway Hill, now part of Woodford High Road. Its central block was completed in the early 18th century, and its side wings were added later on in the same century. It was restored in the 1930s, only to be damaged by fire
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2142-534: The three-to-four bedroom semi-detached house with front and back gardens. In the 1930s, 1,600 houses were being built in Woodford a year on average. The Central line's extension to and past Woodford in the middle of the 20th century, utilising the existing overland train network, solidified Woodford's place in the commuter belt. In the First World War (1914-1918) London was troubled by Zeppelin Raids. A response to this
2193-557: The town to the east en route to Harlow , Stansted Airport and Cambridge . Intermittent cycle lanes are provided along Wanstead New Road (A104) between Waterworks Corner (the North Circular Road) and Buckhurst Hill . North of Buckhurst Hill, the route continues to Epping. At Waterworks Corner, a shared-use underpass links Woodford to cycle routes and footpaths southbound towards Leyton. The A1199 features cycle lanes between Woodford and Snaresbrook . The Roding Valley Walk
2244-455: The urban district was abolished under a county review order and its former area became part of the Wanstead and Woodford Urban District . Wanstead and Woodford was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1937. The population of the Woodford parish was 2,774 in 1851, and had grown substantially to 37,702 in 1951. In 1965 Wanstead and Woodford, together with Ilford , were grouped together to become
2295-557: The way rural place..." . The Chigwell civil parish was part of Epping Rural District from 1894 to 1933, with local government split between Chigwell Parish Council, Epping Rural District Council and Essex County Council. Following a county review order in 1933, Chigwell formed together with Buckhurst Hill and Loughton the Chigwell Urban District , with the Chigwell Urban District Council replacing both
2346-485: Was at Chigwell School that Penn had a mystical vision, which influenced his later conversion to Quakerism . The original 17th-century schoolroom where Penn was taught still stands, and is now the school library. Tottenham Hotspur Football Club had its training facilities in the area until May 2012, when it moved to a new facility in Enfield, northeast London. However, the club still runs training sessions for local youth on
2397-463: Was controlled from Saxon times up to the 16th century by the Abbot of Waltham and the first known reference to a church in Woodford dates from the 12th century. After the dissolution of Waltham Abbey in 1540, the monastic lands passed to laymen. London has been central to Woodford's development. The easy access to Epping Forest , a large forest near London where members of the royal family traditionally hunted has made it attractive to Londoners since
2448-537: Was in Walthamstow borough. A blue plaque commemorates his residence at the house. The Clergyman Sydney Smith was born in Woodford in 1771. Smith became a vicar and prominent Reformer, but he is now most famous as a great wit of the early nineteenth century. He was a part of the brilliant intellectual circles of his day, and once said of the historian Macaulay , [He] has occasional flashes of silence, that make his conversation perfectly delightful . On his position as
2499-548: Was often beset by flooding from the Roding, as it still is today, and was continually considered to be in need of repair. In fact one of the illustrious persons to be inconvenienced by the road was King James I . The 'upper road', being less used than the 'lower road' was probably in a worse condition, and the Middlesex and Essex Turnpike Trust undertook its repair and overhaul in 1721, and extended it to Whitechapel . The Trust did such
2550-524: Was therefore Woodford's local MP, both when he was the wartime Prime Minister - and also later, when he served as a peacetime Prime Minister. Churchill is commemorated by a statue on the green at Woodford. Woodford has connections with major cultural figures. The first is the celebrated writer, artist, craftsman William Morris , founder of the Arts and Crafts Movement, a nineteenth-century revivalist movement dedicated to restoring England's artisan traditions. As
2601-593: Was to place two Royal Flying Corps night-fighter squadrons, 39 and 37 squadrons, with headquarters at Woodham Mortimer and Woodford Green respectively, with up to eight aircraft at each airfield (generally Bleriot Experimental BE2c). They formed part of the London Air Defence Area. 39 squadron shot down the Cuffley airship SL11 in September 1916, and was possibly the more successful in the task, but 37 squadron destroyed
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