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44-482: Mentos are a brand of packaged scotch mints or mint-flavored candies sold in many stores and vending machines . First produced in 1932, they are currently sold in more than 130 countries worldwide by the Italian-Dutch corporation Perfetti Van Melle . The mints are small oblate spheroids , with a slightly hard exterior and a soft, chewy interior. They are typically sold in rolls which contain 14 mint discs, although

88-517: A carbonated liquid , such as a soft drink . MythBusters concluded that the potassium benzoate , aspartame , and CO 2 gas contained in the Diet Coke, in combination with the gelatin and gum arabic ingredients of the Mentos, all contribute to the formation of the foam. However, kinetic experiments with various candies have shown that the presence of gelatin and gum arabic in candies does not enhance

132-723: A liquorice -flavored sweet which can still be purchased in the Netherlands as "Drop Mentos". New flavors were initially test-marketed in the Netherlands and throughout Europe; however, most of the flavors have been available worldwide recently. Other flavors include green apple , cinnamon , strawberry, mixed fruit (which contains a mix of cherry, strawberry, orange, and lemon flavors), grape , wintergreen , grapefruit , peach , plum , spearmint , strawberry yogurt , lemon yogurt, pineapple (pine fresh), red apple, currant and two versions of black licorice -flavored Mentos. Two varieties of

176-581: A hard shell but fairly soft middle, popular in Great Britain and other Commonwealth nations and in Europe. Scotch mints were traditionally spheroids, more recently moving toward a larger, discoid shape. Various forms of mint may be used but those termed "scotch mints" are named for the specific mint plant Mentha × gracilis . In addition to breath freshening , mints that actually contain peppermint oil or extract have been popular in helping with digestion after

220-581: A meal. Peppermint has muscle relaxant properties and therefore may relax the smooth muscles of the GI tract, allowing for easier passage of food contents. However, since the lower esophageal sphincter may be relaxed, peppermint may aggravate "heartburn" or GERD . Peppermint also seems to be effective in relieving intestinal gas and indigestion. According to the German Commission E Monograph, real peppermint oil or extract has been used for cramp-like complaints in

264-499: A pure white with white tea extract. Sugar free versions are available, but these are rarer to find, usually only found in large supermarkets. Mentos gum holds a 4% market share of the UK gum market. A new Mentos 3 was launched in January 2011, in two flavors - mint and Strawberry/Apple/Raspberry, which are similar to Wrigleys' 5 in packaging. A new blackberry/kiwi/strawberry version was released into

308-652: A ruling which would declare its advertising to not be misleading. Following Merisant's lawsuit in Philadelphia, McNeil agreed to a jury trial and to the dismissal of its lawsuit in Puerto Rico. However, on May 11, 2007, the parties reached a settlement on the case, the terms of which were not disclosed. In 2007, Merisant France prevailed in the Commercial Court of Paris against subsidiaries of McNeil Nutritionals LLC. The court awarded Merisant $ 54,000 in damages and ordered

352-573: A variety of packaging, usually in an effort to promote portability. Early producers used cardboard boxes and tins, which have remained popular. More recent packaging solutions have included "rolls" containing many mints stacked in one package composed of paper or foil, plastic boxes, and individually wrapped mints. Mint sales have remained robust in the 21st century. Hard mints are hard candies or boiled sweets flavored with mint. Examples of hard mints include starlight mints, also known as pinwheel mints, white, circular, with red or green rays emitting from

396-528: A very small amount (approximately 2–8% of sucralose consumed) is metabolized by the body, on average, and the amount of sucralose present in Splenda is slight. In 2006, Merisant , the maker of Equal , filed suit against McNeil Nutritionals in U.S. District Court, Philadelphia , alleging that Splenda's tagline; "made from sugar, so it tastes like sugar" is misleading. McNeil argued during the trial that it had never deceived consumers or set out to deceive them, since

440-566: A wide variety of beverage additives such as sugars, citric acid, and natural flavors also enhance fountain heights. In some cases, dissolved solids that  increase  the surface tension of water (such as sugars) also increase fountain heights. These results suggest that additives serve to enhance geyser heights not by decreasing surface tension, but rather by decreasing bubble coalescence. Decreased bubble coalescence leads to smaller bubble sizes and greater foaming ability in water. A Guinness World Record of 2,865 simultaneous geysers

484-554: Is Mentos KIDZ, a bag with 12 boxes containing 10 miniature candies, in the flavors strawberry, orange, lemon, apple and blueberry. "Mentos Teens" is available in Brazil and the rest of Latin America. They come in a rectangular box. The mint is basically miniature Mentos roughly the size of Skittles , and they come in mixed flavors: white grape (green), lemon (yellow), strawberry (pink), orange (orange), raspberry (blue), and cherry (red). During

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528-547: Is metabolized; virtually all of Splenda's caloric content derives from the dextrose or highly fluffed maltodextrin "bulking agents" that give Splenda its volume. Like other carbohydrates , dextrose and maltodextrin have 3.75 kcal per gram. Unlike other artificial sweeteners, sucralose is heat stable up to 450 °F (232 °C), so Splenda can be used as a replacement for table sugar in cooking and baking, and there are Splenda products packaged specifically for this purpose. In product testing by Cook's Illustrated ,

572-480: Is no indication that adverse effects on human health would occur from frequent or long-term exposure to sucralose at the maximum anticipated levels of intake". Conversely, a Duke University animal study funded by the Sugar Association found evidence that doses of Splenda between 100 and 1000 mg/kg BW/day, containing sucralose at 1.1 to 11 mg/kg BW/day, fed to rats reduced fecal microflora , increased

616-580: Is owned by the American company Heartland Food Products Group . The high-intensity sweetener ingredient sucralose used in Splenda Original is manufactured by the British company Tate & Lyle . Sucralose was discovered by Tate & Lyle and researchers at Queen Elizabeth College , University of London , in 1976. While researching in new insecticides, Shashikant Phadnis at Queen Elizabeth College misheard

660-658: The 2014 FIFA World Cup , a Brazilian team Mentos was released in Brazil to support the national team. The mint was green apple and orange flavors. In some countries, the Mentos Ice candy can be bought in flavors such as, cherry (red), green apple (green) and grape (purple). Ume , Fuji apple, and Pine Fresh (pineapple) Mentos are sold exclusively in Japan. Flavors only available in certain countries; Enigma (Czech Republic) Rainbow (UK and US) Ume (Japan) Fuji Apple (Japan) Pine Fresh (Japan) Ice (Canada) Part of Mentos's popularity in

704-579: The "Sour Mix" variety contains only 11 discs per roll. Smaller versions also exist, which typically contain 4 to 6 discs per roll. Certain flavors are sold in boxes in Australia, the United States, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil and the United Kingdom. The current slogan of Mentos is "Stay Fresh", while the line previously used extensively in the 1980s and 1990s was "The Freshmaker". Some Mentos packages describe

748-612: The Duke study was "not scientifically rigorous and is deficient in several critical areas that preclude reliable interpretation of the study results". The other ingredients in Splenda—dextrose and maltodextrin—are listed as generally recognized as safe because of their long history of safe consumption. Sucralose may not be completely biologically inert, and a study showed that cooking with sucralose at high temperatures could cause it to degrade into potentially toxic compounds. However, only

792-455: The Netherlands, Poland, the Philippines, the United Kingdom and recently, the United States in blisters and bottles, both in three different flavors. In the Netherlands, Mentos Gum is sold in blisters and bottles in six different varieties: Pure (four flavors), Fruit (four flavors), Regular (five flavors), Bubblegum, Cubes (four flavors) and White (three flavors). In August 2005, the variety of

836-520: The U.S. while Equal's totaled $ 48.7 million. According to a 2012 article in The New Zealand Herald it is "the category leader in table-top sweetener in the US". Splenda is available in a variety of products, including: The energy content of a single-serving (1 g packet) of Splenda is 3.36 kcal, which is 31% of a single-serving (2.8 g packet) of granulated sugar (10.8 kcal). In

880-413: The UK market in January 2012. In Greece, Mentos are very popular, and are available in the following flavors: Mini Mentos, somewhat smaller than ordinary Mentos, are available in the Netherlands in two varieties: Mini Mentos Fruitmix, which contains the flavors orange, lemon, strawberry and apple, and Mini Mentos Yoghurt, with the flavors strawberry yogurt, raspberry yogurt and blueberry yogurt. Also sold

924-441: The US and Canada can be attributed to its campy TV commercials and catchy jingle, which debuted in late 1991 and were used well into 2001 on American and Canadian television. Individuals facing various day-to-day dilemmas consume Mentos and are subsequently inspired to solve their problems at hand in a creative, often-humorous fashion. For example, a job interviewee sits on a freshly painted bench, staining his suit, and then solves

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968-408: The United States, it is legally labelled "zero calories"; U.S. FDA regulations allow this "if the food contains less than 5 Calories per reference amount customarily consumed and per labeled serving". One packet of sugar (10.8 kcal) contains the same caloric content as 3.2 packets (3.36 kcal each) of Splenda. Further, Splenda contains a relatively small amount of sucralose, little of which

1012-627: The amount of caffeine in two cups of coffee; "Fresh Cola"-flavored Mentos released in New Zealand, Australia and parts of Europe and Asia; and "AIR Mentos" containing menthol , which are sold primarily in Belgium and the Netherlands. In India, the major flavors available are mint, lemon, strawberry, orange, watermelon and cola . Mentos also make chewing gum, available in various flavors. It is available in Germany, Australia, Greece, China, Canada, Brazil, Turkey,

1056-416: The body readily metabolizes, combined with a small amount of mostly indigestible sucralose. Sucralose is made by replacing three select hydrogen-oxygen groups on sucrose (table sugar) molecules with three chlorine atoms. The tightly bound chlorine atoms create a molecular structure that is stable under intense conditions. Sucralose itself is recognized as safe to ingest as a diabetic sugar substitute, but

1100-504: The defendants to cease advertising claims found to violate French consumer protection laws, including the slogans; "because it comes from sugar, sucralose tastes like sugar" and "With sucralose: comes from sugar and tastes like sugar". A Sugar Association complaint to the Federal Trade Commission stated that "Splenda is not a natural product. It is not cultivated or grown and it does not occur in nature." McNeil Nutritionals,

1144-561: The flavor was discontinued. The chocolate variant is still available in some Asian countries. In 2006, the citrus mango flavor was introduced to the Japanese market. In the Philippines, a "Dalandan Fresh" variant is available. Other varieties of Mentos include: Mentos Sours, which recently became available in the United States, featuring Watermelon, Green Apple, and Lemon flavors; caffeinated "Energy" Mentos, sold mainly in Germany , where one roll equals

1188-456: The fountain. Rather, it is the physical structure of candies that conveys the fountain effect. The structure of the Mentos is the most significant cause of the eruption due to nucleation . MythBusters reported that when fruit-flavored Mentos with a smooth waxy coating were tested in carbonated drink there was hardly a reaction, whereas mint-flavored Mentos (with no such coating) added to carbonated drink formed an energetic eruption, supporting

1232-562: The gastrointestinal tract. This can help to explain why mints with real peppermint oil, in addition to peppermint tea , have been popular for and are frequently used after meals to help with digestion as well as to help freshen the breath. Splenda Splenda / ˈ s p l ɛ n d ə / is a global brand of sugar substitutes and reduced-calorie food products. While the company is known for its original formulation containing sucralose , it also manufactures items using natural sweeteners such as stevia , monk fruit and allulose . It

1276-400: The instruction of his advisor Leslie Hough to "test" the chemical as "taste", due to his misunderstanding of the foreign accent. So he accidentally tasted the chemical, and to his surprise, he found it to be extremely sweet. Tate & Lyle subsequently developed sucralose-based Splenda products in partnership with Johnson & Johnson subsidiary McNeil Nutritionals , LLC. The Splenda brand

1320-406: The major drawback to cooking with Splenda was found to be that it does not produce the browning or caramelization the way table sugar does. However, Cook's Illustrated also found that desserts baked with Splenda were "lacking the artificial flavors that just about every other sugar substitute brings with it". Splenda usually contains 95% dextrose (D-glucose) and maltodextrin (by volume) which

1364-418: The middle; candy canes ; humbugs ; and brand name mints such as Altoids and Ice Breakers . Branded breath mints are produced in flavors other than mint. Soft mints, such as "dinner mints" and "butter mints", are soft candies, often with a higher butter content, that dissolve more readily inside one's mouth. A "scotch mint", "pan drop", granny sooker or "mint imperial" is a white round candy with

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1408-655: The mint flavor, known as "Mentos Strong" and "Air action Mentos" are sold in the Netherlands. Also available in the Netherlands is the Special Mix 4 pack, containing the flavors mint, fruit, berry mix, strawberry, banana, cherry, and mango orange. Two varieties of the mint flavor are also sold in China, known as "Mint" and "Strong Mint". Grape and 'N Cream (presumably Apples and Cream), Strawberry 'N Cream, and Banana 'N Cream are also marketed in Asia. Chocolate Mentos were produced in 1989, but

1452-659: The mint which comes in "mixed berries" and "cool mint" flavors was changed to be sweetened with sucralose . In the Netherlands the flavors mint, licorice and fruit are also available in the sugar-free variety. Australian varieties of Mentos are Fruit, Rainbow, Mint, Spearmint, Soft Drink and Smoothies. The UK has five current flavors of rolls: In the UK, Mentos Gum is also available in stick packs (peppermint, spearmint, pure white, air action (menthol) and fruit), Bottles (spearmint, peppermint and red fruit - which retails for approximately £0.99), as well as flip top boxes. Flavors include peppermint or spearmint with green tea extract, and

1496-934: The mints as "chewy dragées ". The typical Mentos roll is approximately 2 cm (0.79 in) in diameter and weighs 38 grams (1.3 oz). "Mentos" is the singular form. Mint-flavored Mentos contain sugar, wheat glucose syrup , hydrogenated coconut oil , rice starch , natural flavors, gum arabic , sucrose esters of fatty acids, gellan gum , carnauba wax , and beeswax. Fruit-flavored Mentos contain sugar, wheat glucose syrup, hydrogenated coconut oil, citric acid, fruit juices from concentrate (strawberry, orange, lemon) (1%), rice starch, gum arabic, natural flavors, sucrose esters of fatty acids, gellan gum, carnauba wax, colors (beta-carotene, beetroot red), and beeswax. The formulation can vary based on country of manufacture. Mentos are available in several flavors including mint , mixed fruit, cola, bubble gum, and in an assortment of orange , strawberry , and lemon . Mentos first appeared as

1540-463: The nucleation-site theory. According to MythBusters , the surface of the mint Mentos is covered with many small holes that increase the surface area available for reaction (and thus the quantity of reagents exposed to each other at any given time), thereby allowing CO 2 bubbles to form with the rapidity and quantity necessary for the "jet"-, "geyser"-, or "eruption"-like nature of the effusion. This hypothesis gained further support when rock salt

1584-548: The observer as an explanation for their actions. The ad campaign was parodied in multiple television shows and music videos, including the Foo Fighters' " Big Me ". First publicly demonstrated by chemistry teacher Lee Marek on the Late Show with David Letterman on September 14, 1999, and later popularized in a June 2006 viral Internet video by Eepybird , a Mentos mint expedites a rapid release of carbon dioxide when dropped into

1628-512: The pH level in the intestines, contributed to increases in body weight, and increased levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). These effects have not been reported in humans. In response, McNeil Nutritionals, along with an expert panel that included scientists from Duke University, Rutgers University , New York Medical College , Harvard School of Public Health , and Columbia University reported in Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology that

1672-401: The problem by rolling around on the bench until his suit has pinstripes. Another features a woman whose parked car is boxed in; she calls a crew of construction workers over who lift her car onto the road for her. These unusual behaviors are typically witnessed by nearby, sometimes antagonistic characters, and a roll of Mentos is boisterously displayed by the commercial's respective protagonist to

1716-674: The product is in fact made from sugar. Merisant asked that McNeil be ordered to surrender profits and modify its advertising. The case ended with an agreement reached outside of court, with undisclosed settlement conditions. In 2004, Merisant filed a complaint with the Better Business Bureau regarding McNeil's advertising. McNeil alleged that Merisant's complaint was in retaliation for a ruling in federal court in Puerto Rico , which forced Merisant to stop packaging Equal in packages resembling Splenda's. McNeil filed suit in Puerto Rico seeking

1760-399: The sugars or other carbohydrates used as bulking agents in Splenda products should be evaluated individually. The recommended amount of sucralose that can be consumed on a daily basis over a person's lifetime without any adverse effects is 900 mg/kg BW/day, or about 60 g for a 70 kg (150 lb) person. A repeated dose study of sucralose in human subjects concluded that "there

1804-543: Was over 34 ft (10 m) with the use of a nozzle. Scotch mint The production of mints as a discrete food item can be traced back to the 18th century with the invention of Altoids . The popularity of mints took off in the early 20th century, with the advent of mass urbanization and mass marketing. Advertising for mints focused on their convenience, and on the socially isolating effects of bad breath . These advertisements targeted young people generally, and young women particularly. Mints have been offered in

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1848-725: Was set on 17 October 2010, in an event organized by Perfetti Van Melle (Philippines) at the SM Mall of Asia Complex, in Manila , Philippines. This record was afterwards beaten in November 2014 by another event organized by Perfetti Van Melle and Chupa Chups in Leon, Guanajuato , Mexico where 4,334 Mentos and soda fountains were set off simultaneously. The resulting geyser can shoot as high as 6 m (20 ft). The unofficial record, reached in MythBusters ,

1892-469: Was transferred to Heartland Food Products Group after its purchase of the line with investor Centerbridge Partners in 2015. Since its approval by the United States government in 1998 and introduction there in 1999, sucralose has overtaken Equal in the $ 1.5-billion artificial sweetener market, holding a 62% market share. According to market research firm IRI, Splenda sales were $ 212 million in 2006 in

1936-472: Was used as a "jump start" to the reaction. A paper by Tonya Coffey, a physicist at Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina, confirmed that the rough surface of the Mentos candy helps speed the reaction. Coffey also found that the aspartame in diet soda lowers the surface tension and causes a bigger reaction, but that caffeine does not accelerate the reaction. On the other hand, it has been shown that

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