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77-615: Sucralose was discovered by Tate & Lyle and researchers at Queen Elizabeth College , University of London , in 1976. While researching in new insecticides, Shashikant Phadnis at Queen Elizabeth College misheard the instruction of his advisor Leslie Hough to "test" the chemical as "taste", due to his misunderstanding of the foreign accent. So he accidentally tasted the chemical, and to his surprise, he found it to be extremely sweet. Tate & Lyle subsequently developed sucralose-based Splenda products in partnership with Johnson & Johnson subsidiary McNeil Nutritionals , LLC. The Splenda brand

154-458: A Centers of Excellence Grant from the NSF which allowed the physics department to hire several faculty each year. These faculty were to be paid by the grant for three years, but after that time any faculty hired with the associate or full professor designation would become tenured. The governor and the chancellor forced Rutgers to lose this grant by rejecting the condition that tenure be granted. In 1970,

231-490: A college to train those who wanted to become ministers within the church. Through several years of effort by Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen (1691–1747) and Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh (1736–1790), later the college's first president, Queen's College received its charter on November 10, 1766, from New Jersey's last royal governor, William Franklin (1730–1813), the son of Benjamin Franklin . The original charter established

308-583: A lack of funds, Queen's College was closed for two extended periods. Early trustees considered merging the college with the College of New Jersey, in Princeton , but the measure failed by one vote. They later considered relocating it to New York City . In 1808, after raising $ 12,000, the college temporarily reopened and broke ground on a building of its own, called " Old Queens ," designed by architect John McComb, Jr. The college's third president, Ira Condict , laid

385-573: A minimum through marches, sit-ins, letters to administration officials and forums. In 2011, there was an attempt by then New Jersey governor Chris Christie and members of the legislature to merge Rutgers–Camden into Rowan University , it ultimately was rejected in part due to several on-campus protests and pushback from Camden faculty, students, and alumni. On June 20, 2012, the outgoing president of Rutgers University, Richard L. McCormick , announced that Rutgers will "integrate five acres along George Street between Seminary Place and Bishop Place into

462-619: A popular weekend destination. Across the city, Douglass Campus and Cook Campus are intertwined and often referred to as the Cook/Douglass Campus. Cook Campus has extensive farms and woods that reach North Brunswick and East Brunswick. Separated by the Raritan River is Busch Campus , in Piscataway, and Livingston Campus, also mainly in Piscataway but including remote sections of land extending into Edison and Highland Park. The Busch Campus

539-440: A presiding officer within the university's 59-member board of trustees and its eleven-member board of governors, and is appointed by these boards to oversee the day-to-day operations of the university across its campuses. He is charged with implementing "board policies with the help and advice of senior administrators and other members of the university community." The president is responsible only to those two governing boards—there

616-457: A result of the separation of the medical school from Rutgers University, Ph.D. programs that had been started in the medical center were lost, and students had to seek other institutions to finish their degrees. After the dissolution of the University of Medicine and Dentistry in 2013, the medical school again became part of the university. Before 1982, separate liberal arts faculties existed in

693-475: A royal charter, its name was changed to Queen Elizabeth College and men were admitted for the first time. The college became distinguished for its teaching and research in nutrition, physiology, hygiene and microbiology. It was recognised as a School of the University of London in 1956. The original Campden Hill Road buildings combined both of the lecture theatres, the laboratories and the library and also included

770-651: A ruling which would declare its advertising to not be misleading. Following Merisant's lawsuit in Philadelphia, McNeil agreed to a jury trial and to the dismissal of its lawsuit in Puerto Rico. However, on May 11, 2007, the parties reached a settlement on the case, the terms of which were not disclosed. In 2007, Merisant France prevailed in the Commercial Court of Paris against subsidiaries of McNeil Nutritionals LLC. The court awarded Merisant $ 54,000 in damages and ordered

847-750: A seamless transfer to Rutgers and to take all of their Rutgers classes in a select number of the most popular majors at the community college campus. The collaborative effort provides access to Rutgers faculty teaching Rutgers courses, at a convenient location, but it is also one of the few programs that cater exclusively to the non-traditional student population. Rutgers' current partners include Atlantic Cape , Brookdale , Mercer , Morris , Camden , and Raritan Valley community colleges. The university offers more than 100 distinct bachelor, 100 masters, and 80 doctoral and professional degree programs across 175 academic departments, 29 degree-granting schools, and colleges, 16 of which offer graduate programs of study. It

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924-616: A single sophomore and a handful of first-year students taught by a lone instructor, and granted its first degree in 1774, to Matthew Leydt . Despite the religious nature of the early college, the first classes were held at a tavern called the Sign of the Red Lion. When the Revolutionary War broke out and taverns were suspected by the British as being hotbeds of rebel activity, the college abandoned

1001-595: A total of 11 fully online degree programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. Online degree programs at Rutgers must meet the same academic expectations, in terms of both teaching and learning outcomes, as traditional on-campus programs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a majority of courses were conducted through remote instruction. Rutgers offers classes at several off-campus sites in affiliation with community colleges and other state colleges throughout New Jersey. These partnerships are designed to enable students to achieve

1078-527: A very small amount (approximately 2–8% of sucralose consumed) is metabolized by the body, on average, and the amount of sucralose present in Splenda is slight. In 2006, Merisant , the maker of Equal , filed suit against McNeil Nutritionals in U.S. District Court, Philadelphia , alleging that Splenda's tagline; "made from sugar, so it tastes like sugar" is misleading. McNeil argued during the trial that it had never deceived consumers or set out to deceive them, since

1155-738: Is a public land-grant research university consisting of three campuses in New Jersey . Chartered in 1766, Rutgers was originally called Queen's College , and was affiliated with the Dutch Reformed Church . It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States, the second-oldest in New Jersey (after Princeton University ), and one of nine colonial colleges that were chartered before the American Revolution . In 1825, Queen's College

1232-416: Is a division of the university that serves as an umbrella organization for schools, centers, and institutes from Rutgers University and the old University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey . The organization was incorporated into the university following the 2013 merger of Rutgers and UMDNJ. While its various facilities are spread across several locations statewide, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences

1309-661: Is accredited by the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools (1921), and in 1989, became a member of the Association of American Universities , an organization of the 62 leading research universities in North America. Rutgers–New Brunswick is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". Rutgers–Newark and Rutgers–Camden are classified by

1386-456: Is close to downtown New Brunswick and includes the seat of the university, Old Queens and other nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century buildings that constitute the Queens Campus and Voorhees Mall . Its proximity to New Brunswick's train station and numerous food vendors located downtown, in addition to a large amount of off-campus housing and fraternity and sorority houses, make this

1463-599: Is considered a "campus" for certain organizational purposes, such as the appointment of a separate chancellor. From July 18, 2023 Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences renamed to Rutgers Health.( https://rutgershealth.org/chancellor/communications/rutgers-health-brand-name-announcement ). RBHS comprises nine schools and other research centers and institutes including; Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New Jersey Medical School, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, School of Nursing , School of Dental Medicine, School of Health Related Professions,

1540-549: Is delineated by the all-glass Rutgers Business School building known as "100 Rock" (because of the building's Piscataway address, 100 Rockafeller Road). Rutgers Campus Buses transport students between the various campuses. As of 2010, the New Brunswick-Piscataway campuses include 19 undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools, including the School of Arts and Sciences , the School of Communication and Information ,

1617-545: Is metabolized; virtually all of Splenda's caloric content derives from the dextrose or highly fluffed maltodextrin "bulking agents" that give Splenda its volume. Like other carbohydrates , dextrose and maltodextrin have 3.75 kcal per gram. Unlike other artificial sweeteners, sucralose is heat stable up to 450 °F (232 °C), so Splenda can be used as a replacement for table sugar in cooking and baking, and there are Splenda products packaged specifically for this purpose. In product testing by Cook's Illustrated ,

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1694-407: Is no oversight by state officials. Frequently, the president also occupies a professorship in his academic discipline and engages in instructing students. The current president is Jonathan Holloway who assumed the role on July 1, 2020. Governance at Rutgers University rests with a board of trustees consisting of 41 members, and a board of governors consisting of 15 voting members: 8 appointed by

1771-510: Is noted as the home of Rutgers' highly ranked Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, as well as the golf course and football stadium. The Livingston campus is home to Jersey Mike's Arena (formerly the Rutgers Athletic Center [RAC]), a trapezoidal building that is home to many sports teams, notably the men's basketball team. Additionally, this campus has undergone many renovations and is regarded as the most "modern" campus. The campus entrance

1848-561: Is the largest campus of the university. The Newark Campus in Newark and the Camden Campus in Camden are located in the northern and southern parts of the state, respectively. Combined, these campuses comprise 33 degree-granting schools and colleges, offering undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels of study. The university is centrally administered from New Brunswick, although chancellors at

1925-670: The Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy , the School of Engineering , the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences , the Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , the Graduate School, the Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, the Graduate School of Education, the School of Management and Labor Relations , Mason Gross School of the Arts , the College of Nursing,

2002-562: The Governor of New Jersey and 7 chosen by and from among the board of trustees. The trustees constitute chiefly an advisory body to the board of governors and are the fiduciary overseers of the property and assets of the university that existed before the institution became the State University of New Jersey in 1945. The initial reluctance of the trustees (still acting as a private corporate body) to cede control of certain business affairs to

2079-701: The Middle States Commission on Higher Education and is a member of the Association of American Universities and the Universities Research Association . Two decades after the College of New Jersey, which is now Princeton University , was established in 1746 by the New Light Presbyterians, ministers of the Dutch Reformed Church , seeking autonomy in ecclesiastical affairs in the Thirteen Colonies , sought to establish

2156-570: The New Jersey Medical School and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School to Rutgers University. In 2013, Rutgers changed part of its alma mater, " On the Banks of the Old Raritan ." Where the lyrics had stated, "My father sent me to old Rutgers, and resolved that I should be a man," now they state, "From far and near we came to Rutgers, and resolved to learn all that we can." The alma mater for

2233-574: The Newark and Camden campuses hold significant autonomy for some academic issues. The New Brunswick Campus (or Rutgers–New Brunswick) is the largest campus and the site of the original Rutgers College. Spread across six municipalities in Middlesex County, New Jersey , it lies chiefly in the City of New Brunswick and adjacent Piscataway and is composed of five smaller campuses and a few buildings in downtown New Brunswick. The historic College Avenue Campus

2310-638: The Newark location of the Rutgers Law School . As of 2012 , 7,666 undergraduates and 4,345 graduate students (total 12,011) are enrolled at the Newark campus. Originally the University of Newark, the campus was renamed and rebranded as Rutgers–Newark in 1945. The Camden Campus (or Rutgers–Camden) consists of six undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools, including Camden College of Arts and Sciences, University College, Graduate School, Rutgers School of Business–Camden, Rutgers School of Nursing–Camden, and

2387-737: The Rutgers Business School and the School of Social Work. As of 2012 , 40,434 students (31,593 undergraduates and 8,841 graduate students) were enrolled at the New Brunswick-Piscataway campus. The New Brunswick-Piscataway campus includes a Business School building on the Livingston Campus. The Newark Campus (or Rutgers–Newark) consists of eight undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools, including Newark College of Arts and Sciences, University College, School of Criminal Justice, Graduate School, School of Nursing, School of Public Affairs and Administration , Rutgers Business School and

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2464-645: The 241-year history of Rutgers College as a distinct institution. Students at the 2011 Rutgers tuition protests fought against rising education costs and diminished state subsidies. Campus groups (including the Rutgers Student Union, the Rutgers One Coalition, and the Rutgers University Student Assembly (RUSA), supported by New Jersey United Students (NJUS), mobilized to keep the increase in annual student financial obligation to

2541-584: The Camden campus "On the Banks of the Old Delaware" are lyrically similar aside from the river name. In 2016, Rutgers celebrated its 250th anniversary. On May 15, President Barack Obama became the first sitting president to speak at the university's commencement. The university held a variety of celebrations, academic programs, and commemorative events which culminated on the 250th anniversary date, November 10, 2016. Rutgers invited multiple notable alumni from around

2618-490: The Camden location of the Rutgers Law School . The schools are located in the Cooper's Grant and Central Waterfront neighborhoods of Camden. As of 2012 , 4,708 undergraduates and 1,635 graduate students (total 6,343) are enrolled at the Camden campus. The campus was founded as the College of South Jersey and South Jersey Law School in the 1920s, and became part of Rutgers in 1950. The Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences (RBHS)

2695-568: The College Avenue Campus." Most of the block had been occupied by the New Brunswick Theological Seminary . Rutgers agreed to rebuild the seminary in exchange for the land it gave up. In 2013, most of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey was integrated with Rutgers University and, along with several existing Rutgers units, was reformed as Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences . This merger attached

2772-608: The Duke study was "not scientifically rigorous and is deficient in several critical areas that preclude reliable interpretation of the study results". The other ingredients in Splenda—dextrose and maltodextrin—are listed as generally recognized as safe because of their long history of safe consumption. Sucralose may not be completely biologically inert, and a study showed that cooking with sucralose at high temperatures could cause it to degrade into potentially toxic compounds. However, only

2849-473: The Faculty of Arts and Sciences were merged into the new " School of Arts and Sciences " with one set of admissions criteria, curriculum, and graduation requirements. At this time, the liberal arts components of Cook College were absorbed into the School of Arts and Sciences as well, while the other aspects of that college remained, but as the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences. These changes in 2007 ended

2926-451: The Faculty of Arts and Sciences, separate standards for admission, good standing, and graduation continued for students, depending on which residential college they were enrolled in. In January 1987, around 2,800 non-teaching employees went on strike for increased salaries, which ended after nine days after an agreement with the administration was made. In 2007, Rutgers New Brunswick, Douglass, Livingston, and University Colleges, along with

3003-493: The School of Education in 1924. With the development of graduate education, and the continued expansion of the institution, the collection of schools became Rutgers University in 1924. Rutgers College continued as a liberal arts college within the university. Later, University College (1945) was founded to serve part-time, commuting students and Livingston College (1969) was created by the Rutgers Trustees, ensuring that

3080-682: The School of Public Health, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Environmental and the Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Brain Health Institute, and the Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research. The programs are offered at different location sites across New Jersey in New Brunswick, Newark, Blackwood, Stratford and Scotch Plains. As of 2015, Rutgers offered

3157-516: The U.S. while Equal's totaled $ 48.7 million. According to a 2012 article in The New Zealand Herald it is "the category leader in table-top sweetener in the US". Splenda is available in a variety of products, including: The energy content of a single-serving (1 g packet) of Splenda is 3.36 kcal, which is 31% of a single-serving (2.8 g packet) of granulated sugar (10.8 kcal). In

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3234-406: The United States, it is legally labelled "zero calories"; U.S. FDA regulations allow this "if the food contains less than 5 Calories per reference amount customarily consumed and per labeled serving". One packet of sugar (10.8 kcal) contains the same caloric content as 3.2 packets (3.36 kcal each) of Splenda. Further, Splenda contains a relatively small amount of sucralose, little of which

3311-497: The University of Newark (1935) in 1946 and then the College of South Jersey and South Jersey Law School, in 1950. These two institutions became Rutgers University–Newark and Rutgers University–Camden , respectively. On September 10, 1970, after much debate, the board of governors voted to admit women into Rutgers College. There were setbacks in the growth of the university. In 1967, the Rutgers Physics Department had

3388-413: The body readily metabolizes, combined with a small amount of mostly indigestible sucralose. Sucralose is made by replacing three select hydrogen-oxygen groups on sucrose (table sugar) molecules with three chlorine atoms. The tightly bound chlorine atoms create a molecular structure that is stable under intense conditions. Sucralose itself is recognized as safe to ingest as a diabetic sugar substitute, but

3465-616: The campus was closed and sold in 2000 with the contents being decanted to the Franklin-Wilkins Building . Part of the campus has subsequently been converted into Academy Gardens , apartments which retain some QEC branding. Envoy is the annual newsletter of Queen Elizabeth College. The Queen Elizabeth College alumni/old student association organises a reunion every year. Rutgers University Rutgers University ( / ˈ r ʌ t ɡ ər z / RUT -gərz ), officially Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ,

3542-516: The college under the corporate name the trustees of Queen's College, in New-Jersey , named in honor of Queen Charlotte (1744–1818), and created both the college and the Queen's College Grammar School, intended to be a preparatory school affiliated and governed by the college. The Grammar School, today the private Rutgers Preparatory School , was a part of the college community until 1959. New Brunswick

3619-604: The cornerstone on April 27, 1809. Shortly after, the New Brunswick Theological Seminary , founded in 1784, relocated from Brooklyn , to New Brunswick, and shared facilities with Queen's College and the Queen's College Grammar School , and all three institutions were then overseen by the Reformed Church in America . During those formative years, all three institutions fit into Old Queens. In 1830, Queen's College Grammar School moved across

3696-502: The defendants to cease advertising claims found to violate French consumer protection laws, including the slogans; "because it comes from sugar, sucralose tastes like sugar" and "With sucralose: comes from sugar and tastes like sugar". A Sugar Association complaint to the Federal Trade Commission stated that "Splenda is not a natural product. It is not cultivated or grown and it does not occur in nature." McNeil Nutritionals,

3773-671: The establishment of the Rutgers Scientific School, featuring departments of agriculture , engineering , and chemistry . The Rutgers Scientific School would expand over the years to grow into the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (1880) and divide into the College of Engineering (1914) and the College of Agriculture (1921). Rutgers created the New Jersey College for Women in 1918, and

3850-496: The first African American and person of color to be named president of Rutgers . On April 9, 2023, three unions voted to go on the first strike by academics in the university's 257-year history, citing the lack of progress on contract talks between union representatives and university officials. As a result, classes and research were suspended until a tentative agreement was reached on April 15, 2023. Five months later, in September,

3927-555: The following way as mandated by state law: 20 charter members (of whom at least three shall be women), 16 alumni members nominated by the nominating committee of the board of trustees, and five public members appointed by the governor of the state with confirmation by the New Jersey State Senate. Rutgers University has three campuses in New Jersey. The New Brunswick Campus, located in New Brunswick and adjacent Piscataway ,

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4004-487: The higher education of women, to be conducted on the same principles as the existing departments of education at this college'. By 1886, the King's College, London Ladies' Department had 500 students. In 1902 it became the King's College, London Women's Department and in 1908 King's College for Women. In 1907 lectures were given in subjects then thought to be specially relevant to women, such as 'the economics of health' and 'women and

4081-563: The interests of ethnically diverse New Jersey students were met. Rutgers was designated the state university of New Jersey by acts of the New Jersey Legislature in 1945 and 1956. Although Rutgers thus became a public university, it still retains—as the successor to the private college founded and chartered in 1766—some important private rights and protections from unilateral state efforts to change its fundamental character and mission. The newly-designated state university absorbed

4158-502: The land', and in 1908 systematic instruction in household and social sciences began. In 1915, the Household and Social Science Department of King's College for Women opened at Campden Hill Road , Kensington, while other departments were transferred to the Strand site. In 1928 the department became completely independent as King's College of Household and Social Science . I in 1953 it received

4235-472: The landscaped campus of Douglass College , a women's college that was traditionally paired with Rutgers, the College Farm, and additional grounds in adjacent Piscataway. Apart from the New Brunswick core, campuses at Rutgers University–Newark ; Rutgers University–Camden ; and Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences complete the university's main footprint. The university has additional facilities throughout

4312-404: The major drawback to cooking with Splenda was found to be that it does not produce the browning or caramelization the way table sugar does. However, Cook's Illustrated also found that desserts baked with Splenda were "lacking the artificial flavors that just about every other sugar substitute brings with it". Splenda usually contains 95% dextrose (D-glucose) and maltodextrin (by volume) which

4389-417: The manufacturer of Splenda, has responded that its "advertising represents the products in an accurate and informative manner and complies with applicable advertising rules in the countries where Splenda brand products are marketed." The Sugar Association created a web site to criticise sucralose which cites an association-sponsored study. Queen Elizabeth College Queen Elizabeth College ( QEC )

4466-871: The maximum anticipated levels of intake". Conversely, a Duke University animal study funded by the Sugar Association found evidence that doses of Splenda between 100 and 1000 mg/kg BW/day, containing sucralose at 1.1 to 11 mg/kg BW/day, fed to rats reduced fecal microflora , increased the pH level in the intestines, contributed to increases in body weight, and increased levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). These effects have not been reported in humans. In response, McNeil Nutritionals, along with an expert panel that included scientists from Duke University, Rutgers University , New York Medical College , Harvard School of Public Health , and Columbia University reported in Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology that

4543-481: The newly formed Rutgers Medical School hired major faculty members from other institutions. In 1971, the governor's office separated Rutgers Medical School from Rutgers University and made it part of New Jersey College of Medicine and Dentistry , and many faculty left the medical school, including the dean of the medical school, Dewitt Stetten, who later became the director of the National Institutes of Health. As

4620-502: The only hall of residence – Queen Mary Hall. By the late 1960s the expansion of student numbers and the need for additional laboratory capacity necessitated the construction of a new Building – the Atkins building located on Campden Hill, behind the main college. QEC reunited with King's College London in 1985, and the Kensington campus became associated with biomedical sciences . However,

4697-673: The product is in fact made from sugar. Merisant asked that McNeil be ordered to surrender profits and modify its advertising. The case ended with an agreement reached outside of court, with undisclosed settlement conditions. In 2004, Merisant filed a complaint with the Better Business Bureau regarding McNeil's advertising. McNeil alleged that Merisant's complaint was in retaliation for a ruling in federal court in Puerto Rico , which forced Merisant to stop packaging Equal in packages resembling Splenda's. McNeil filed suit in Puerto Rico seeking

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4774-453: The same organization as "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". U.S. News & World Report considers the New Brunswick campus of Rutgers University to be a "more selective" school in terms of the rigor of its admissions processes. For the Class of 2025 (enrolling fall 2021), the New Brunswick campus received 43,161 applications and accepted 29,419 (68.2%). The number enrolling

4851-450: The several separate " residential colleges " (Rutgers, Douglass, Livingston, University, and Cook colleges) at Rutgers–New Brunswick. In 1982, under president Edward J. Bloustein , the liberal arts faculties of these five institutions were centralized into one college, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, which itself had no students. The separate residential colleges persisted for students, and while instructors for classes were now drawn from

4928-430: The state government for direction and oversight caused the state to establish the Board of governors in 1956. Today, the board of governors maintains much of the corporate control of the university. The members of the board of trustees are voted upon by different constituencies or appointed. "Two faculty and two students are elected by the University Senate as nonvoting representatives. The 59 voting members are chosen in

5005-407: The state, including oceanographic research facilities at the Jersey Shore . Rutgers is a land-grant , sea-grant , and space-grant university, as well as the largest university in the state . Instruction is offered by 9,000 faculty members in 175 academic departments to over 45,000 undergraduate students and more than 20,000 graduate and professional students. The university is accredited by

5082-421: The street, and in 1856, the seminary relocated to a seven-acre (28,000 m ) tract less than one-half mile (800 m) away. After several years of closure resulting from an economic depression after the War of 1812 , Queen's College reopened in 1825 and was renamed "Rutgers College" in honor of American Revolutionary War hero Henry Rutgers (1745–1830). According to the board of trustees, Colonel Rutgers

5159-516: The sugars or other carbohydrates used as bulking agents in Splenda products should be evaluated individually. The recommended amount of sucralose that can be consumed on a daily basis over a person's lifetime without any adverse effects is 900 mg/kg BW/day, or about 60 g for a 70 kg (150 lb) person. A repeated dose study of sucralose in human subjects concluded that "there is no indication that adverse effects on human health would occur from frequent or long-term exposure to sucralose at

5236-414: The tavern and held classes in private homes. Like many colleges founded in the U.S. during this time, Rutgers benefited from slave labor and funds derived from purchasing and selling slaves. Research undertaken at the university in the 2010s began to uncover and document these connections, including the university's foundation on land taken from the indigenous Lenape people. In its early years, due to

5313-427: The university's faculty senate voted " no confidence " in Holloway; in addition to issues related to the strikes, the motion also cited Halloway's decision to dismiss the chancellor of the university's Newark campus and his proposal to merge the university's two medical schools. Since 1785, twenty-one men have served as the institution's president, beginning with Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh , a Dutch Reformed minister who

5390-450: The world to the celebration. Steven Van Zandt was the commencement speaker the following year and received an honorary doctorate. In November 2016, Rutgers released research findings that revealed: "an untold history of some of the institution's founders as slave owners and the displacement of the Native Americans who once occupied land that was later transferred to the college." In January 2020, Jonathan Holloway made history as

5467-408: Was 7,105; the yield rate (the percentage of accepted students who enroll) was 24.2%. The freshman retention rate is 94%, with 83.8% going on to graduate within six years. Of the 45% of the incoming freshman class who submitted SAT scores; the middle 50 percent Composite scores were 1240-1470. Of the 7% of enrolled freshmen in 2021 who submitted ACT scores; the middle 50 percent Composite score

5544-603: Was a college in London. It had its origins in the Ladies' (later Women's) Department of King's College, London , opened in 1885 but which later accepted men as well. The first King's 'extension' lectures for ladies were held at Richmond in 1871, and from 1878 in Kensington , with chaperones in attendance. In 1881, the Council resolved 'to establish a department of King's College, London, for

5621-620: Was chosen as the location over Hackensack because the New Brunswick Dutch had the support of the Anglican population, making the royal charter easier to obtain. The original purpose of Queen's College was to "educate the youth in language, liberal, the divinity, and useful arts and sciences" and for the training of future ministers for the Dutch Reformed Church. In 1771, the college admitted its first students, which included

5698-472: Was honored because he epitomized Christian ethics . A year after the school was renamed, it received two donations from its namesake: a $ 200 bell still hanging from the cupola of Old Queen's and a $ 5,000 bond (equivalent to $ 135,000 in 2023) which placed the college on sound financial footing. Rutgers College became the land-grant college of New Jersey in 1864 under the Morrill Act of 1862 , resulting in

5775-612: Was renamed Rutgers College in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers , whose substantial gift to the school had stabilized its finances during a period of uncertainty. For most of its existence, Rutgers was a private liberal arts college . It has evolved into a coeducational public research university since being designated the State University of New Jersey by the state's legislature in 1945 and 1956. Rutgers has several distinct campuses. Since colonial times, its historic core has been situated along College Avenue in New Brunswick, New Jersey . Rutgers University–New Brunswick also includes

5852-478: Was responsible for establishing the college. Before 1930, most of the university's presidents were clergy affiliated with Christian denominations in the Reformed tradition (either Dutch or German Reformed, or Presbyterian ). Two presidents were alumni of Rutgers College— William H. S. Demarest (Class of 1883) and Philip Milledoler Brett (Class of 1892). The president serves in an ex officio capacity as

5929-467: Was transferred to Heartland Food Products Group after its purchase of the line with investor Centerbridge Partners in 2015. Since its approval by the United States government in 1998 and introduction there in 1999, sucralose has overtaken Equal in the $ 1.5-billion artificial sweetener market, holding a 62% market share. According to market research firm IRI, Splenda sales were $ 212 million in 2006 in

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