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24-542: MRP-AEG was set up on 15 August 1987 by Lagle Parek , Erik Udam , Tiit Madisson and others. On 23 August 1987, the 48th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the group held a public meeting in Hirvepark , Tallinn (generally called the Hirvepark meeting ). The group published its informational bulletin (MRP-AEG Bulletin ( Estonian : MRP-AEG Infobulletään )) through samizdat , and led to establishment of

48-604: A compromise, decided to "reaffirm the independence". In later consitutional debates and decisions, the Congress of Estonia prevailed regarding these issues. A small number of the members of the Congress of Estonia were Estonians who had gone into exile during World War II , or children of such refugees. Some of the delegates from the United States commented on the similarity of the Citizens Committees of Estonia and Latvia (in

72-598: A new constitution. The new Constitution of Estonia was approved by the referendum in June 1992, and the Congress dissolved itself in October 1992, once the freshly elected parliament of Estonia ( Riigikogu ) had been sworn in. After the Congress had been elected in February 1990 (in the first democratic nationwide elections held in Estonia since 1930s) it immediately posed a challenge to

96-488: A time she served in Dubravlag labor camp in the so-called "small area" for women who have been convicted of political crimes. Along with Tatyana Velikanova , Irina Ratushinskaya and others, Parek took part in the hunger strikes and other protests, for which she was subjected to imprisonment in solitary confinement. In January 1987, Parek was pardoned and released. After her release, Parek returned to Estonia. In 1988, she

120-764: Is an Estonian politician. She served as the Minister of the Interior in the first post-soviet government, led by the Prime Minister Mart Laar . Lagle Parek was born on 17 April 1941 in Pärnu and was the daughter of the former captain of the Military of Estonia Karl Parek (1903–1941) and his wife Elsbeth Parek, a museum director (born in 1902). The father was deported by the Soviet authorities to Leningrad and soon shot. In March 1949,

144-531: The jus sanguinis principle, i.e., persons who held Estonian citizenship in June 1940 (at which point Estonia's de facto structures of state were systematically dismantled and reorganized, after the country had been occupied by the Soviet Union), and their descendants. Persons who did not satisfy these criteria were invited to file applications for citizenship. By February 1990, 790,000 citizens and about 60,000 applicants had been registered. In February 1990,

168-621: The ERSP . Copies of the bulletin have been published in book form by the SE&;JS publishing company in 1998. This organization-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about an organisation in Estonia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about politics in Estonia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lagle Parek Lagle Parek (born 17 April 1941)

192-647: The Estonian Heritage Society and the Communist Party of Estonia . The permanent standing committee of the Congress of Estonia – the Committee of Estonia ( Estonian : Eesti Komitee ) – was chaired by Tunne Kelam . In September 1991, a Constitutional Assembly was formed of equal numbers of members of the Supreme Council and the Congress of Estonia to work out a new Constitution. The new constitution

216-629: The election of the Estonian Supreme Soviet . Unlike the previous Soviets, which had been formed in non-competitive sham "elections" and consisted largely of members of the Soviet Communist Party , the new Supreme Council, as the quasi-parliament soon started to call itself, was dominated by representatives of the Estonian Popular Front (including members with no party affiliation, who had recently left, or still belonged to,

240-463: The "Fatherland" Party, to create the "Isamaaliit" ("Fatherland Union"), and then in 2006, she was a member of the Pro Patria Union and Res Publica Party . She is author of the book «Mina ei tea, kust ma rõõmu võtan. Mälestused »(« I do not know where I get joy. Memories ». Kirjastus Kunst, Tallinn, 2010, 424 pages). In the mid-1990s Lagle Parek adopted Catholicism . She is head of

264-587: The Communist Party). The main distinctions between the political ideas of the Congress of Estonia and the Supreme Soviet (Supreme Council) were: Opposition on issues of substance between the Congress of Estonia and the Supreme Soviet over the first point was the primary reason that the Supreme Soviet did not "proclaim" or "establish" Estonia's independence during the 1991 August Putsch in Russia, and instead, as

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288-622: The authority of the other quasi-parliament in the country, the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR (which was elected in March 1990). The Soviet occupation regime had been imposed on Estonia after the first Soviet invasion and annexation of the country in 1940−1941, and the Soviet reinvasion in 1944. The Congress of Estonia declared that it represented the highest authority on questions of Estonian statehood and citizenship, deriving this authority from

312-549: The authors (38 Lithuanians, Latvians and Estonians) supporting the Soviet leadership, approved the Scandinavian Nuclear-weapon-free zone initiative and proposed to extend this initiative to the Baltic states , as well as proposing the removal of Soviet missiles from their territory. Parek also participated in the publication of Samizdat journals, as well as liaising with dissidents in Russia. On 5 March 1983, Parek

336-546: The consent and initiative of the citizens of Estonia. The aim of the Congress was to restore Estonian independence based on the principle of legal continuity , with the pre-1940 Republic of Estonia, which had been established in 1918, as the foundation. In 1989, independence activists had formed a mass movement called the Estonian Citizens' Committees ( Estonian : Eesti Kodanike Komiteed ) and started registering persons who were Estonian citizens by birth according to

360-461: The election of a body of representatives of these citizens – the Congress of Estonia – was conducted by those who had been registered. The Congress had 499 delegates from 31 political parties. The Estonian National Independence Party ( Estonian : Eesti Rahvusliku Sõltumatuse Partei , usually abbreviated as ERSP) won the most seats. Other parties represented included the Popular Front of Estonia ,

384-746: The nineties, the Latvians had a movement analogous to the Estonian committees) to the American Committees of Correspondence , which were shadow governments organized by the patriot leaders of the Thirteen Colonies on the eve of the American Revolution . The American Committees of Correspondence played an important role in the events that led to the formation of the United States of America. After

408-805: The non-profit association Caritas Eesti , entering the international Catholic charity confederation Caritas Internationalis . In recent years, Lagle Parek has been living in the Pirita Convent in Pirita . Parek resigned on 27 November 1993 in the aftermath of the Pullapää crisis . Before her, Hain Rebas, the Minister of Defence , had resigned over the same crisis. Lyudmila Alexeyeva , https://archive.today/20130417134600/http://readr.ru/lyudmila-alekseeva-istoriya-inakomisliya-v-sssr.html?page=29 Congress of Estonia The Congress of Estonia ( Estonian : Eesti Kongress )

432-542: The remainder of his family – Lagle with her mother, older sister, Eva-Marju (born in 1931), and her grandmother, actress Anna Markus (1874–1955) were deported to Siberia ( Novosibirsk Oblast ) in the Operation Priboi deportation of Baltic inhabitants. Parek's mother was found to have had forbidden books in her museum, and was kept in prison in Siberia until an amnesty in 1953. Parek lived with her grandmother in Siberia and

456-538: The vote. In the radical pro-reform government of Prime Minister Mart Laar Parek was appointed Minister of the Interior. On 27 November 1993 she resigned because of the Pullapää crisis , which involved charges of mutiny against a company of military rangers. Parek was a member of the Pro Patria and Res Publica Union party, formed in 1995 through the merger of ERSP and the National Coalition Party along with

480-514: Was a grassroots parliament elected in February 1990 in then Soviet -occupied Estonia and actively participating in the popular nonviolent resistance to the Soviet rule, which resulted in the restoration of the country's independence from the Soviet Union in August 1991. In September 1991, a Constitutional Assembly was formed with half of its members elected from the Congress of Estonia to write

504-635: Was able to return home after the death of Stalin. She graduated from the Tallinn University of Technology and worked as an architect in the organs of the State Planning Commission, then as a technician and technologist in design institute in Tartu . On 10 October 1981, Parek participated in the signing of an open letter to the heads of government of the USSR and the countries of northern Europe, in which

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528-548: Was approved by referendum in June 1992, applying the constitution replacement process specified in the previous (1938) constitution as a matter of legal continuity of the Republic of Estonia . Both the Congress of Estonia and the Supreme Council (the renamed Supreme Soviet) dissolved themselves immediately after the new parliament ( Riigikogu ) had been elected (and sworn in, as per new constitution) in September 1992. March 1990 also saw

552-780: Was arrested and on 16 December sentenced by the Supreme Court under Article 68 Part 1 of the Criminal Code of the ESSR (corresponds to Art. 70-1 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR) to 6 years in prison and 3 years of exile. Other defendants in the same case, charged with the same crimes, were Heiki Ahonen (who later became the director of the Museum of Occupations in Tallinn) and Arvo Pesti (both born 1956). Both men received 5 years in prison and 2 years of exile. For

576-604: Was one of the founders of the Estonian National Independence Party (ERSP) and she was its chairman from 1988–1992. From 1990 to 1992 Parek participated in the Congress of Estonia , seen as an "alternative parliament". In 1992, in the first elections to the new Estonian Riigikogu , ERSP received 10 seats (8.8% of the vote) and entered a coalition government. Parek participated in the presidential elections in Estonia on 20 October 1992, taking fourth place with 4.3% of

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