113-501: Koreatown ( Korean : 코리아타운 , Koriataun ) is a neighborhood in central Los Angeles, California , centered near Eighth Street and Irolo Street. Koreans began immigrating in larger numbers in the 1960s and found housing in the Mid-Wilshire area. Many opened businesses as they found rent and tolerance toward the growing Korean population. Many of the historic Art Deco buildings with terra cotta façades have been preserved because
226-462: A longstanding issue in rap's bicoastal rivalry , the group aimed to reinforce West pride and resonate with the undervalued. The Westside Connection's first album, Bow Down (1996), featured tracks like "Bow Down" and "Gangstas Make the World Go 'Round" that reflected the group's objectives. The album was certified Platinum by year's end. Interpreting rapper Common 's song " I Used to Love H.E.R. " as
339-576: A "natural Muslim ", claiming to do so because "it's just [him] and God". In 2012, he expressed support for same-sex marriage . In 2017, he said that he thinks "religion is stupid" in part and explained, "I'm gonna live a long life, and I might change religions three or four times before I die. I'm on the Islam tip—but I'm on the Christian tip, too. I'm on the Buddhist tip as well. Everyone has something to offer to
452-484: A Korean influence on Khitan. The hypothesis that Korean could be related to Japanese has had some supporters due to some overlap in vocabulary and similar grammatical features that have been elaborated upon by such researchers as Samuel E. Martin and Roy Andrew Miller . Sergei Starostin (1991) found about 25% of potential cognates in the Japanese–Korean 100-word Swadesh list . Some linguists concerned with
565-677: A Korean store owner, Soon Ja Du, shot and killed a 15-year-old Black customer, Latasha Harlins . Du accused Harlins of stealing orange juice, and after watching her put down the jug and turn to leave, shot her in the head. Some historians view Du's posting bail as the breaking point in tensions. The 1992 Los Angeles riots stimulated a new wave of political activism among Korean-Americans, but also split them into two camps. The liberals sought to unite with other minorities in Los Angeles to fight against racial oppression and scapegoating . The conservatives emphasized law and order and generally favored
678-616: A South African exiled to America who returns 15 years later, Cube starred in the action thriller Dangerous Ground , and had a supporting role in Anaconda . In 1998, writing again, the director Ice Cube debuted in The Players Club . In 1999, he starred alongside George Clooney and Mark Wahlberg as a staff sergeant in Three Kings , set in the immediate aftermath of the Gulf War , whereby
791-477: A core vowel. The IPA symbol ⟨ ◌͈ ⟩ ( U+0348 ◌͈ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW ) is used to denote the tensed consonants /p͈/, /t͈/, /k͈/, /t͡ɕ͈/, /s͈/ . Its official use in the extensions to the IPA is for "strong" articulation, but is used in the literature for faucalized voice . The Korean consonants also have elements of stiff voice , but it is not yet known how typical this
904-421: A diploma in architectural drafting , he returned to Los Angeles and rejoined N.W.A, but kept a career in architecture drafting as a backup plan. In 1986, at the age of 16, Ice Cube began rapping in the trio C.I.A. but soon joined the newly formed rap group N.W.A . He was N.W.A's lead rapper and main ghostwriter on its official debut album, 1988's Straight Outta Compton . Due to a financial dispute, he left
1017-462: A diss of West Coast rap, Cube and the Westside Connection briefly feuded with him, but they resolved amicably in 1997. It was also at this time that Cube began collaborating outside the rap genre. In 1997, he worked with David Bowie and Nine Inch Nails singer Trent Reznor on a remix of Bowie's " I'm Afraid of Americans ". In 1998, Cube was featured on the band Korn 's song " Children of
1130-475: A family adjusting to the matriarch's new husband, played by Terry Crews . On August 16, the show was renewed for 90 more episodes, amounting to six seasons. Cube also credits Tyler Perry for his entrée to TBS. In front of the television cameras, rather, Cube appeared with Elmo as a 2014 guest on the PBS children's show Sesame Street . In 1990, a musical associate in the rap group Public Enemy introduced Cube to
1243-570: A freezer and pull [him] out when [he] was an ice cube". Cube also attended William Howard Taft High School in the Woodland Hills area of Los Angeles. He was bused 40 miles (64 km) to the suburban school from his home in a high-crime neighborhood. In the fall of 1987, soon after he wrote and recorded a few locally successful rap songs with N.W.A , he enrolled at the Phoenix Institute of Technology Phoenix, Arizona . In 1988, with
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#17328514642051356-418: A gateway to a richer neighborhood. It can't be denied." Some Korean Americans who survived the riot have said that people of minority races and ethnicities were not served fairly by the current social system. An 18-year-old Korean American, Edward Song Lee, and his three friends went to protect a Korean-owned pizza shop, along with other store owners and volunteers who would constitute the rooftop Koreans . Lee
1469-531: A half-sister who was murdered when Cube was 12. He is a cousin of fellow rappers Del tha Funky Homosapien and Kam . He grew up on Van Wick Street in the Westmont section of South Los Angeles . In ninth grade at George Washington Preparatory High School in Los Angeles, Cube began writing raps after being challenged by his friend "Kiddo" in typewriting class. Kiddo lost. He has said that his stage name came from his older brother, who "threatened to slam [him] into
1582-541: A later founder effect diminished the internal variety of both language families. Since the establishment of two independent governments, North–South differences have developed in standard Korean, including variations in pronunciation and vocabulary chosen. However, these minor differences can be found in any of the Korean dialects , which are still largely mutually intelligible . The Chinese language , written with Chinese characters and read with Sino-Xenic pronunciations ,
1695-495: A low figure for Los Angeles. In 2022, there were 435 homeless individuals in Koreatown. Olympic Boulevard has blocks dominated by Korean-language signs and new blue-tile-roofed shopping centers. This initial Korean business area has spread to an area bounded by Olympic Boulevard, Vermont Avenue, 8th Street and Western Avenue. The Korean business area also sprawls to the north and south along Western and Vermont for three miles, and to
1808-470: A march to the Seoul Peace Park. The Wilshire Center Business Improvement District (WCBID) holds the annual Earth Day / Car Free Day Festival every April 22 on Wilshire. KTOWN Night Market holds an annual festival at Robert F. Kennedy Community Schools . The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority operates two subway lines in or near Koreatown — the B Line , beneath Vermont Avenue, and
1921-506: A popular tourist destination while also increasing economic inequality for locals. Protests against and in favor of building a homeless shelter took place in 2020. Since Koreatown has a Latino majority, it is not unusual to find Latino employees in restaurants and grocery stores speaking Korean with customers or Korean store owners engaging Latino customers in Spanish. An example of a cultural interchange between Koreans and Latinos in Koreatown
2034-562: A possible relationship.) Hudson & Robbeets (2020) suggested that there are traces of a pre- Nivkh substratum in Korean. According to the hypothesis, ancestral varieties of Nivkh (also known as Amuric ) were once distributed on the Korean Peninsula before the arrival of Koreanic speakers. Korean syllable structure is (C)(G)V(C), consisting of an optional onset consonant, glide /j, w, ɰ/ and final coda /p, t, k, m, n, ŋ, l/ surrounding
2147-484: A quarter of a mile outside of the city of Compton in Los Angeles county. While Dre was on the turntable, Ice Cube would rap, often parodying other artists' songs. In one instance, Cube's rendition was "My Penis", parodying Run-DMC's " My Adidas ". In 2015, the nightclub's co-owner and Wreckin' leader Alonzo Williams would recall feeling his reputation damaged by this and asking it not to be repeated. At 16, Cube sold his first song to Eric Wright, soon dubbed Eazy-E , who
2260-559: A result of their low social status and language barrier. In late 2008, the City of Los Angeles designated Koreatown a special graphics district (along with Hollywood and the downtown neighborhood of South Park /LA Live). The designation allows for digital signage and electronic billboards, not permitted by city code , to be installed on building facades. The designation allowed Times Square and Shibuya District-inspired buildings lined with LCD jumbotrons . The 300-square block graphics district
2373-609: A role that Tupac Shakur then played. Cube starred as the university student Fudge in Singleton's 1995 film Higher Learning . Singleton, encouraging Cube, had reportedly told him, "If you can write a record, you can write a movie." Cube cowrote the screenplay for the 1995 comedy Friday , based on adult themes, and starred in it with comedian Chris Tucker . Made with $ 3.5 million, Friday drew $ 28 million worldwide. Two sequels, Next Friday and Friday After Next , were respectively released in 2000 and 2002. In 1997, playing
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#17328514642052486-567: A sales office in Koreatown. Korean Air 's United States Passenger Operations headquarters are located in close proximity to Koreatown in the Westlake community. Grupo TACA operates a Los Angeles-area TACA Center in Suite 100P at 3600 Wilshire Boulevard. The Consulate-General of South Korea in Los Angeles is at 3243 Wilshire Boulevard . The Consulate General of the People's Republic of China in Los Angeles
2599-406: A statement setting release to 2017, the album finally arrived on December 7, 2018. In 2014, Cube appeared on MC Ren 's remix " Rebel Music ", their first collaboration since the N.W.A reunion in 2000. In 2020, Cube joined rappers Snoop Dogg , E-40 , Too Short and formed the supergroup Mt. Westmore . The group's debut album was released on June 7, 2022. Throughout early 2024, Ice Cube
2712-648: A total pay of $ 32,000, and the contract that Heller presented in 1989 did not confirm that he was officially an N.W.A member. After leaving the group and its label in December, Cube sued Heller, and the lawsuit was later settled out of court. In response, N.W.A members attacked Cube on the 1990 EP 100 Miles and Runnin' , and on N.W.A's next and final album, Niggaz4Life , in 1991. In early 1990, Ice Cube recorded his debut solo album, AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted , in New York with iconic rap group Public Enemy 's production team,
2825-653: A tribute song, "Raider Nation". In 2009, Ice Cube performed at the Gathering of the Juggalos , and returned to perform at the 2011 festival. On September 28, 2010, his ninth solo album, I Am the West , arrived with, Cube says, a direction different from any one of his other albums. Its producers include West Coast veterans like DJ Quik , Dr. Dre , E-A-Ski , and, after nearly 20 years, again Cube's onetime C.I.A groupmate Sir Jinx . Offering
2938-502: A verse for a remix of the Insane Clown Posse song " Chris Benoit ", from ICP's The Mighty Death Pop! album, appearing on the album Mike E. Clark's Extra Pop Emporium . In September 2012, during Pepsi 's NFL Anthems campaign, Cube released his second Raiders anthem "Come and Get It". In November 2012, Cube released more details on his forthcoming, tenth studio album, Everythang's Corrupt . Releasing its title track near
3051-522: Is Wilshire Boulevard, from Vermont to Western avenues. But the area extends south as Olympic Boulevard and north to Beverly Blvd, with spillover into adjacent Westlake and Hancock Park. In the early 1900s, Koreans clustered around the downtown Los Angeles Bunker Hill area. This housing segregation was due to racial covenant laws that restricted them to mixed-race, low-income districts. By the 1930s, Koreans began to move to Jefferson Boulevard between Western and Vermont Avenue. The next major shift began in
3164-603: Is also generated by longstanding alliances, military involvement, and diplomacy, such as between South Korea–United States and China–North Korea since the end of World War II and the Korean War . Along with other languages such as Chinese and Arabic , Korean is ranked at the top difficulty level for English speakers by the United States Department of Defense . Modern Korean descends from Middle Korean , which in turn descends from Old Korean , which descends from
3277-656: Is an agglutinative language . The Korean language is traditionally considered to have nine parts of speech . Modifiers generally precede the modified words, and in the case of verb modifiers, can be serially appended. The sentence structure or basic form of a Korean sentence is subject–object–verb (SOV), but the verb is the only required and immovable element and word order is highly flexible, as in many other agglutinative languages. Question 가게에 gage-e store- LOC 가셨어요? ga-syeo-sseo-yo go- HON . PAST - CONJ - POL 가게에 가셨어요? gage-e ga-syeo-sseo-yo store-LOC go-HON.PAST-CONJ-POL 'Did [you] go to
3390-858: Is at 3457 Wilshire Blvd., while the Consulate General of the Philippines , which has been in Koreatown since 1967, is presently located next door at the fifth floor of the Equitable Life Building at 3435 Wilshire Blvd. The Wilshire Center - Koreatown Neighborhood Council is designated by the City of Los Angeles to represent the area's citizens' concerns to the city. The area represented by the council includes Koreatown and Wilshire Center , as well as parts of MacArthur Park , Hancock Park , and Mid-Wilshire . Koreatown lies within Los Angeles City Council District 10 . As of 2023, it
3503-436: Is at 443 Shatto Place, while the passport and visa office is on the third floor of 500 Shatto Place. The Consulate General of El Salvador is at 3450 Wilshire Blvd. Suite 250 and the Consulate General of Guatemala is at 3540 Wilshire Blvd. Suite 100. The Consulate General of Honduras and Nicaragua are at 3550 Wilshire Blvd. The Consulate General of Bolivia is at 3701 Wilshire Blvd #1056. The Consulate General of Indonesia
Koreatown, Los Angeles - Misplaced Pages Continue
3616-519: Is bordered by 6th Street and Olympic Boulevard on the north and south respectively, and St. Andrews Place and Shatto Place on the west and east respectively. The construction of the Robert F. Kennedy Community Schools at the former site of the Ambassador Hotel highlighted the challenge of balancing resource expansion with business development and historic preservation. The schools were constructed with
3729-511: Is closer to a near-open central vowel ( [ɐ] ), though ⟨a⟩ is still used for tradition. Grammatical morphemes may change shape depending on the preceding sounds. Examples include -eun/-neun ( -은/-는 ) and -i/-ga ( -이/-가 ). Sometimes sounds may be inserted instead. Examples include -eul/-reul ( -을/-를 ), -euro/-ro ( -으로/-로 ), -eseo/-seo ( -에서/-서 ), -ideunji/-deunji ( -이든지/-든지 ) and -iya/-ya ( -이야/-야 ). Some verbs may also change shape morphophonemically. Korean
3842-552: Is highly diverse ethnically, with half the residents being Latino and a third being Asian. Two-thirds of the residents were born outside of the United States, a high figure compared to the rest of the city. In 1882, the United States and Korea established the United States-Korea Treaty of 1882 , which ended Korea's self-imposed isolation. The establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and Korea paved
3955-399: Is mainly reserved for specific circumstances such as newspapers, scholarly papers and disambiguation. Today Hanja is largely unused in everyday life but is still important for historical and linguistic studies. The Korean names for the language are based on the names for Korea used in both South Korea and North Korea. The English word "Korean" is derived from Goryeo , which is thought to be
4068-399: Is of faucalized consonants. They are produced with a partially constricted glottis and additional subglottal pressure in addition to tense vocal tract walls, laryngeal lowering, or other expansion of the larynx. /s/ is aspirated [sʰ] and becomes an alveolo-palatal [ɕʰ] before [j] or [i] for most speakers (but see North–South differences in the Korean language ). This occurs with
4181-1012: Is represented on the city council by Heather Hutt . The area is represented by Holly Mitchell , Supervisor of District 2 for Los Angeles County . Miguel Santiago is the State Assemblyman for District 53, which includes Koreatown. Jimmy Gomez of California's 34th congressional district represents the area in the United States House of Representatives . Four Fire Stations of the Los Angeles Fire Department serve Koreatown: Station 29 serving Southwest Koreatown at Wilshire Blvd. and Wilton Avenue. Station 13 serving Southeast Koreatown at Pico Blvd. and Westmoreland Avenue. Station 52 serving Northwest Koreatown at Melrose Avenue and Western Avenue. Station 6 serving Northeast Koreatown at Temple Street and Virgil Avenue. The Los Angeles Police Department provides police service to
4294-441: Is set to tour across Canada as part of his Straight Into Canada tour. Man Down , Ice Cube's eleventh album and his first new album in six years, will be released on November 22, 2024. The album was preceded by the singles "It's My Ego", "Ego Maniacs (featuring Busta Rhymes and Killer Mike )" and "So Sensitive". Since 1991, Ice Cube has acted in nearly 40 films, several of which are highly regarded. Some of them, such as
4407-534: Is the native language for about 81 million people, mostly of Korean descent. It is the national language of both North Korea and South Korea . Beyond Korea, the language is recognized as a minority language in parts of China , namely Jilin , and specifically Yanbian Prefecture , and Changbai County . It is also spoken by Sakhalin Koreans in parts of Sakhalin , the Russian island just north of Japan, and by
4520-515: Is the popularity of Korean-inspired taco trucks in Los Angeles that feature classic Mexican food infused with Korean ingredients. The neighborhood lies 3 miles (5 km) west of downtown, 4 miles (6 km) southeast of Hollywood , 12 miles (19 km) east of Santa Monica Beach and 16 miles (26 km) northeast of Los Angeles International Airport . It is generally flat, with an average elevation of 200 feet (61 m). The boundaries of Koreatown are blurry; The most familiar thoroughfare
4633-716: Is well attested in Western Old Japanese and Northern Ryukyuan languages , in Eastern Old Japanese it only occurs in compounds, and it is only present in three dialects of the Southern Ryukyuan language group . Also, the doublet wo meaning "hemp" is attested in Western Old Japanese and Southern Ryukyuan languages. It is thus plausible to assume a borrowed term. (See Classification of the Japonic languages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on
Koreatown, Los Angeles - Misplaced Pages Continue
4746-511: The Koryo-saram in parts of Central Asia . The language has a few extinct relatives which—along with the Jeju language (Jejuan) of Jeju Island and Korean itself—form the compact Koreanic language family . Even so, Jejuan and Korean are not mutually intelligible . The linguistic homeland of Korean is suggested to be somewhere in contemporary Manchuria . The hierarchy of the society from which
4859-523: The yangban aristocracy, who looked down upon it too easy to learn. However, it gained widespread use among the common class and was widely used to print popular novels which were enjoyed by the common class. Since few people could understand official documents written in classical Chinese, Korean kings sometimes released public notices entirely written in Hangul as early as the 16th century for all Korean classes, including uneducated peasants and slaves. By
4972-718: The D Line , beneath Wilshire Boulevard . The neighborhood is served primarily by the D Line Wilshire/Normandie station, but there are two other stops, Wilshire/Vermont and Wilshire/Western . In addition to the two subway lines, Metro operates numerous Express , Rapid and Local bus lines in the district. Rapid lines include the 720 Wilshire and 754 Vermont. Local lines include the 207 Western, 14 Beverly, 16 3rd Street, 18 6th Street, 20 Wilshire/Westwood, 66 8th Street, 28 Olympic, 204 Vermont, 206 Normandie, and 210 Crenshaw. Many MTA bus lines in Koreatown offer 24-hour service. Korean language Korean ( South Korean : 한국어 , Hanguk-eo ; North Korean : 조선어 , Chosŏnŏ )
5085-583: The Nation of Islam (NOI). He converted to Islam , though he denied membership in the NOI, whose ideology against white people and especially Jews led to its categorization as a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center . However, he readily adopted the group's ideology of black nationalism , a concept familiar to the hip hop community. He nevertheless has claimed to listen to his own conscience as
5198-570: The Proto-Koreanic language , which is generally suggested to have its linguistic homeland somewhere in Manchuria . Whitman (2012) suggests that the proto-Koreans, already present in northern Korea, expanded into the southern part of the Korean Peninsula at around 300 BC and coexisted with the descendants of the Japonic Mumun cultivators (or assimilated them). Both had influence on each other and
5311-557: The Three Kingdoms of Korea (not the ancient confederacies in the southern Korean Peninsula), while " -eo " and " -mal " mean "language" and "speech", respectively. Korean is also simply referred to as guk-eo , literally "national language". This name is based on the same Han characters ( 國語 "nation" + "language") that are also used in Taiwan and Japan to refer to their respective national languages. In North Korea and China ,
5424-467: The third entry in the Barbershop series . And in 2017, Cube starred with Charlie Day in the comedy Fist Fight . In October 2021, Ice Cube was set to star in the comedy film Oh Hell No (now titled Stepdude ) alongside Jack Black , but left the project after refusing to get vaccinated for COVID-19 . The project would have paid him $ 9 million. In late 2005, Ice Cube and R. J. Cutler co-created
5537-868: The 17th century, the yangban had exchanged Hangul letters with slaves, which suggests a high literacy rate of Hangul during the Joseon era. In the context of growing Korean nationalism in the 19th century, the Gabo Reform of 1894 abolished the Confucian examinations and decreed that government documents would be issued in Hangul instead of literary Chinese. Some newspapers were published entirely in Hangul, but other publications used Korean mixed script , with Hanja for Sino-Korean vocabulary and Hangul for other elements. North Korea abolished Hanja in writing in 1949, but continues to teach them in schools. Their usage in South Korea
5650-655: The 1930s, approximately 650 Koreans resided in Los Angeles. They established churches, restaurants, and community organizations, as well as businesses that primarily focused on vegetable and fruit distribution. In 1936, the Korean National Association , one of the largest Korean immigrant political organizations, moved its central headquarters from San Francisco to Los Angeles to continue promoting political, cultural, educational, and religious activities. However, racial covenant laws and economic constraints limited Korean residents to an area bounded by Adams Boulevard to
5763-500: The 1948 Shelley v. Kraemer Supreme Court case prohibited racially restrictive housing policies, Koreans began to move north of Olympic Boulevard to establish new homes and businesses. In the late 1960s, the surrounding neighborhood began to enter a steep economic decline. The once-glamorous mid-Wilshire area became filled with vacant commercial and office space that attracted wealthier South Korean immigrants. They found inexpensive housing and many opened businesses in Koreatown. Many of
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#17328514642055876-544: The 1960s. As the African American population increased in southern Los Angeles, middle-class White Americans began to move out of the mid-Wilshire district. The area north of Olympic Boulevard transitioned from a predominantly white suburb to a home for Asian residents. The area has become the mainstay of the Korean American community, although varying sources have established different boundaries for Koreatown. In 1980,
5989-992: The 1992 thriller Trespass and the 1999 war comedy Three Kings , highlight action. Yet most are comedies, including a few adult-oriented ones, like the Friday franchise , whereas most of these are family-friendly, like the Barbershop franchise . John Singleton 's seminal film Boyz n the Hood , released in July 1991, debuted the actor Ice Cube playing Doughboy, a persona that Cube played convincingly. Later, Cube starred with Ice-T and Bill Paxton in Walter Hill 's 1992 thriller film Trespass , and in Charles Burnett's 1995 film The Glass Shield . Meanwhile, Cube declined to costar with Janet Jackson in Singleton's 1993 romance Poetic Justice ,
6102-473: The 1999 war comedy Three Kings , family comedies like the Barbershop series , and buddy cop comedies 21 Jump Street , 22 Jump Street , and Ride Along . He was an executive producer of many of these films, as well as of the 2015 biopic Straight Outta Compton . O'Shea Jackson was born in Los Angeles on June 15, 1969, to hospital clerk and custodian Doris and machinist and UCLA groundskeeper Hosea Jackson. He has an older brother, and they had
6215-402: The 2012 elections, he added, "You know, this record is for the political heads." But the album's release was delayed. On February 10, 2014, iTunes brought another single from it, " Sic Them Youngins on 'Em ", and a music video followed the next day. Despite a couple of more song releases, the album's release was delayed even beyond Cube's work on the 2015 film Straight Outta Compton . After
6328-408: The 20th century. The script uses 24 basic letters ( jamo ) and 27 complex letters formed from the basic ones. When first recorded in historical texts, Korean was only a spoken language . Since the turn of the 21st century, aspects of Korean culture have spread to other countries through globalization and cultural exports . As such, interest in Korean language acquisition (as a foreign language )
6441-528: The Bomb Squad . Arriving in May 1990, it was an instant hit, further swelling rap's mainstream integration. Controversial nonetheless, it drew accusations of misogyny and racism. The album introduces Ice Cube's affirmation of black nationalism and ideology of black struggle. Cube appointed Yo-Yo , a female rapper and guest on the album, to be the head of his record label, and helped produce her debut album, Make Way for
6554-402: The City of Los Angeles considered expanding Koreatown further west to include Wilshire Park and Park Mile. The request was rejected, and the committee reiterated that the western boundary for Koreatown was at Western Avenue. The Koreatown Regional Commercial Center runs along Olympic Boulevard and is "generally bounded by Eighth Street on the north, Twelfth Street on the south, Western Avenue on
6667-415: The City of Los Angeles, broken up into 21 local divisions. Koreatown is served by Olympic Division . The new station completed construction and opened for service on January 4, 2009. 21.4% of Koreatown residents aged 25 and older have a four-year degree, an average rate for both the city and the county. The percentage of residents with less than a high school diploma was high for the county. Schools within
6780-609: The Funky Homosapien 's debut album I Wish My Brother George Was Here , on Da Lench Mob 's debut Guerillas in tha Mist , which he also produced, and on the Kool G Rap and DJ Polo song " Two to the Head ". In 1993, he worked on Kam 's debut album, and collaborated with Ice-T on the track "Last Wordz" on 2Pac 's album Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z. . Cube's fourth album, Lethal Injection , came out in late 1993. Here, Cube borrowed from
6893-436: The Hood , a 1991 drama named after a 1987 rap song that Ice Cube wrote. He also co-wrote and starred in the 1995 comedy film Friday , which spawned a successful franchise and reshaped his public image into a bankable movie star. He made his directorial debut with the 1998 film The Players Club , and also produced and curated the film's accompanying soundtrack . As of 2020, he has appeared in about 40 films, including
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#17328514642057006-521: The Koreatown borders are: The Korean Education Center, affiliated with the government of South Korea, is in Suite 200 at 680 Wilshire Place. Southwestern Law School offers degree and non-degree programs in the Westmoreland Building and the former Bullock's Wilshire building at 3050 Wilshire Boulevard. Annual festivals include the Korean Festival & Parade on Olympic Boulevard, with
7119-603: The Korn ", and joined them on their Family Values Tour 1998 . In November 1998, Cube released his long-awaited fifth solo album War & Peace Vol. 1 (The War Disc) . The delayed sixth album, Volume 2 , arrived in 2000. These albums feature the Westside Connection and a reunion with his old N.W.A members Dr. Dre and MC Ren. Cube also received a return favor from Korn, as they appeared on his song "Fuck Dying" from Vol. 1 . Many fans maintained that these two albums, especially
7232-621: The Life Side, "a vision of where we need to go". The track " No Vaseline " scathingly retorts insults directed at him by N.W.A's 1990 EP and 1991 album , which call him a traitor. Besides calling for hanging Eazy-E as a "house nigga", the track blames N.W.A's manager Jerry Heller for exploiting the group, mentions that he is a Jew, and calls for his murder. Ice Cube contended that he mentioned Heller's ethnicity merely incidentally, not to premise attack, but as news media mention nonwhite assailants' races. The track "Black Korea", also deemed racist,
7345-545: The Motherlode . Also in 1990, Cube followed up with an EP — Kill At Will —critically acclaimed, and rap's first EP certified Platinum . His second album Death Certificate was released in 1991. The album thought to as more focused, yet even more controversial, triggering accusations of anti-white, antisemitic, and misogynist content. The album was split into two themes: the Death Side, "a vision of where we are today", and
7458-614: The Movies , a compilation album of Ice Cube songs on soundtracks. Cube's eighth studio album, Raw Footage , arrived on August 19, 2008, yielding the singles " Gangsta Rap Made Me Do It " and " Do Ya Thang ". Also in 2008, Cube helped on Tech N9ne 's song " Blackboy ", and was featured on The Game 's song " State of Emergency ". As a fan of the NFL football team the Raiders, Cube released in October 2009
7571-586: The R&;B/hip-hop and pop charts. Singles include " It Was a Good Day " and " Check Yo Self ", songs having a "two-part" music video. Generally drawing critical praise, the album is his most successful commercially, over three million copies sold in the US. After this album, Cube's rap audience severely diminished, and never regained the prominence of his first three albums. During this time, Cube began to have numerous features on other artists' songs. In 1992, Cube appeared on Del
7684-730: The United States attacked Iraq in 1990, an "intelligent" war comedy critically acclaimed. In 2002, Cube starred in Kevin Bray 's All About the Benjamins , and in Tim Story 's comedy film Barbershop . In 2004, Cube played in Barbershop 2 and Torque . The next year, he replaced Vin Diesel in the second installment of the XXX film series , XXX: State of the Union , as the main protagonist, which he reprises
7797-452: The area's Art Deco buildings with terracotta facades were preserved because they remained economically viable with the new commercial activity that occupied them. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 removed restrictions on Asian migration and helped further the growth of the immigrant community in Koreatown. By the late 1970s, most businesses in the Olympic Boulevard and 8th Street areas were owned by Koreans. This economic boom led to
7910-455: The beginnings of words. /l/ becomes alveolar flap [ɾ] between vowels, and [l] or [ɭ] at the end of a syllable or next to another /l/ . A written syllable-final ' ㄹ ', when followed by a vowel or a glide ( i.e. , when the next character starts with ' ㅇ '), migrates to the next syllable and thus becomes [ɾ] . Traditionally, /l/ was disallowed at the beginning of a word. It disappeared before [j] , and otherwise became /n/ . However,
8023-410: The buildings remained economically viable for the new businesses. Despite the name evoking a traditional ethnic enclave , the community is complex and has an impact on areas outside the traditional boundaries. While the neighborhood culture was historically oriented to the Korean immigrant population, Korean business owners are creating stronger ties to the Latino community in Koreatown. The community
8136-570: The character in the third installment and reunited with Diesel 12 years later, XXX: Return of Xander Cage . He also appeared in the family comedy Are We There Yet? , which premised his role in its 2007 sequel Are We Done Yet? . In 2012, Cube appeared in 21 Jump Street . He also appeared in its sequel, 22 Jump Street , in 2014. That year, and then to return in 2016, he played alongside comedian Kevin Hart in two more Tim Story films, Ride Along and Ride Along 2 . Also in 2016, Cube returned for
8249-465: The creation of Korean media outlets and community organizations, which played a key role in developing a sense of communal identity in the neighborhood. The ethnic enclave was able to establish itself as the primary hub of the Korean community in Southern California, and the residents successfully lobbied for the installation of the first Koreatown sign in 1982. During the time of the riots, there
8362-533: The east and west along Olympic for two miles. South Korean investment has been a large contributor to the neighborhood economy since the 1960s. Since the early 2000s, that investment has increased greatly, ballooning to an estimated $ 1 billion in new construction investment. Jamison Services, Inc is Koreatown's biggest landlord and most prolific residential builder. The area also has a vibrant nightlife with many lively restaurants and clubs, especially Korean barbeque restaurants and karaoke bars. Asiana Airlines operates
8475-606: The economic and social policies of the Republican Party . The conservatives also tended to emphasize the political differences between Koreans and other minorities, specifically Blacks and Hispanics. Despite this divide within the Korean American community, the 1992 riots also inspired further efforts to build coalitions. The 1992 Koreatown Peace Rally was a record-setting demonstration with over 30,000 attendees representing intergenerational and interethnic solidarity. The week-long rioting and looting destroyed much of Koreatown. There
8588-399: The first Korean dynasty known to Western nations. Korean people in the former USSR refer to themselves as Koryo-saram or Koryo-in (literally, " Koryo/Goryeo persons"), and call the language Koryo-mal' . Some older English sources also use the spelling "Corea" to refer to the nation, and its inflected form for the language, culture and people, "Korea" becoming more popular in
8701-655: The first week. Lil Jon and Scott Storch produced the lead single, " Why We Thugs ". In October, Ice Cube was honored at VH1's Annual Hip Hop Honors, and performed it and also the track "Go to Church". Cube soon toured globally in the Straight Outta Compton Tour—accompanied by rapper WC from the Westside Connection—playing in America, Europe, Australia, and Japan. Amid Cube's many features and brief collaborations, September 2007 brought In
8814-478: The group by the start of 1990. During 1990, his debut solo album, AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted , found him also leading a featured rap group, Da Lench Mob . Meanwhile, he helped develop the rapper Yo Yo . With friend Sir Jinx , Ice Cube formed the rap group C.I.A. , and performed at parties hosted by Dr. Dre . Since 1984, Dre was a member of a popular DJ crew, the World Class Wreckin' Cru , which by 1985
8927-479: The inflow of western loanwords changed the trend, and now word-initial /l/ (mostly from English loanwords) are pronounced as a free variation of either [ɾ] or [l] . All obstruents (plosives, affricates, fricatives) at the end of a word are pronounced with no audible release , [p̚, t̚, k̚] . Plosive sounds /p, t, k/ become nasals [m, n, ŋ] before nasal sounds. Hangul spelling does not reflect these assimilatory pronunciation rules, but rather maintains
9040-482: The intention of increasing educational opportunities for low-income Latina/Latino and Korean students, but the $ 578 million construction cost made the complex the most expensive public school in United States history. By 2020, Koreatown was "known for having one of the largest concentrations of nightclubs and 24-hour businesses and restaurants in the country. Other developments, such as the opening of new metro stations, shopping centers, and strip malls, have made Koreatown
9153-408: The issue between Japanese and Korean, including Alexander Vovin, have argued that the indicated similarities are not due to any genetic relationship , but rather to a sprachbund effect and heavy borrowing, especially from Ancient Korean into Western Old Japanese . A good example might be Middle Korean sàm and Japanese asá , meaning " hemp ". This word seems to be a cognate, but although it
9266-618: The language is most often called Joseon-mal , or more formally, Joseon-o . This is taken from the North Korean name for Korea (Joseon), a name retained from the Joseon dynasty until the proclamation of the Korean Empire , which in turn was annexed by the Empire of Japan . In mainland China , following the establishment of diplomatic relations with South Korea in 1992, the term Cháoxiǎnyǔ or
9379-466: The language originates deeply influences the language, leading to a system of speech levels and honorifics indicative of the formality of any given situation. Modern Korean is written in the Korean script ( 한글 ; Hangeul in South Korea, 조선글 ; Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea), a system developed during the 15th century for that purpose, although it did not become the primary script until
9492-451: The late 1800s. In South Korea the Korean language is referred to by many names including hanguk-eo ("Korean language"), hanguk-mal ("Korean speech") and uri-mal ("our language"); " hanguk " is taken from the name of the Korean Empire ( 대한제국 ; 大韓帝國 ; Daehan Jeguk ). The " han " ( 韓 ) in Hanguk and Daehan Jeguk is derived from Samhan , in reference to
9605-403: The neighborhood of Koreatown was officially designated by Los Angeles. The city of Los Angeles has set the official boundaries for Koreatown as Vermont Avenue on the east, Western Avenue on the west, Third Street on the north, and Olympic Boulevard on the south. A business corridor running about 3/4 of a mile along Western Avenue to Rosewood Avenue is also included as part of Koreatown. In 2010,
9718-505: The neighborhoods of Wilshire Center , Wilshire Park and part of Park Mile . Koreatown is one of the densest neighborhoods in the United States. The 2000 U.S. census counted 115,070 residents in the 2.7-square-mile neighborhood—an average of 42,611 people per square mile, the highest density of any community in Los Angeles County . In 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 124,281. The median age for residents
9831-495: The north, Slauson Avenue to the south, Western Avenue to the west, and Vermont Avenue to the east. The 1930s also saw the height of the area's association with Hollywood . The Ambassador Hotel hosted the Academy Awards ceremony in 1930, 1931, 1932, and 1934. As the entertainment industry grew in the surrounding Koreatown area, Koreans remained segregated into low-income districts because of discriminatory housing policies. After
9944-440: The north, Virgil Avenue, Wilshire Place and Westmoreland Avenue on the east, Olympic Boulevard on the south and Crenshaw Boulevard and Wilton Place on the west. The neighborhood is flanked by East Hollywood to the north, Westlake to the east, Pico-Union , Harvard Heights and Arlington Heights to the south, Mid-Wilshire and Windsor Square to the west and Larchmont to the northwest. This version of Koreatown includes
10057-480: The only single released, was a radio hit. After a rift between Cube and Mack 10 about Cube's film work minimizing the group's touring, the Westside Connection disbanded in 2005. In 2004, Cube featured on the song " Real Nigga Roll Call " by Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz , the then leaders of rap's crunk subgenre. In 2006, Cube released his seventh solo album, Laugh Now, Cry Later , selling 144,000 units in
10170-507: The population was illiterate. In the 15th century King Sejong the Great personally developed an alphabetic featural writing system , known today as Hangul , to promote literacy among the common people. Introduced in the document Hunminjeongeum , it was called eonmun ('colloquial script') and quickly spread nationwide to increase literacy in Korea. The Korean alphabet was denounced by
10283-524: The second, were lesser in quality to his earlier work. In 2000, Cube also joined Dr. Dre, Eminem , and Snoop Dogg for the Up in Smoke Tour . In 2002, Cube appeared on British DJ Paul Oakenfold 's solo debut album, Bunkka , on the track "Get Em Up". Released in 2003, Westside Connection's second album, Terrorist Threats , fared well critically, but saw lesser sales. "Gangsta Nation" (featuring Nate Dogg ),
10396-660: The short form Cháoyǔ has normally been used to refer to the standard language of North Korea and Yanbian , whereas Hánguóyǔ or the short form Hányǔ is used to refer to the standard language of South Korea. Korean is a member of the Koreanic family along with the Jeju language . Some linguists have included it in the Altaic family, but the core Altaic proposal itself has lost most of its prior support. The Khitan language has several vocabulary items similar to Korean that are not found in other Mongolian or Tungusic languages, suggesting
10509-505: The single "I Rep That West", the album debuted at #22 on the Billboard 200 and sold 22,000 copies in its first week. Also in 2010, Cube signed up-and-coming recording artist named 7Tre The Ghost, deemed likely to be either skipped or given the cookie-cutter treatment by most record companies. In 2011, Cube featured on Daz Dillinger 's song "Iz You Ready to Die" and on DJ Quik 's song "Boogie Till You Conk Out". In 2012, Ice Cube recorded
10622-492: The six-part documentary series Black. White. , carried by cable network FX . Ice Cube and basketball star LeBron James paired up to pitch a one-hour special to ABC based on James's life. On May 11, 2010, ESPN aired Cube's directed documentary Straight Outta L.A. , examining the interplay of Los Angeles sociopolitics, hip hop, and the Raiders during the 1980s into the 1990s. Ice Cube's Are We There Yet? series premiered on TBS on June 2, 2010. It revolves around
10735-515: The store?' Response 예/네. ye/ne AFF Ice Cube O'Shea Jackson Sr. (born June 15, 1969), known professionally as Ice Cube , is an American rapper, songwriter, actor, and film producer. His lyrics on N.W.A 's 1988 album Straight Outta Compton contributed to gangsta rap 's widespread popularity, and his political rap solo albums AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted (1990), Death Certificate (1991), and The Predator (1992) were all critically and commercially successful. He
10848-441: The tense fricative and all the affricates as well. At the end of a syllable, /s/ changes to /t/ (example: beoseot ( 버섯 ) 'mushroom'). /h/ may become a bilabial [ɸ] before [o] or [u] , a palatal [ç] before [j] or [i] , a velar [x] before [ɯ] , a voiced [ɦ] between voiced sounds, and a [h] elsewhere. /p, t, t͡ɕ, k/ become voiced [b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ] between voiced sounds. /m, n/ frequently denasalize at
10961-519: The then-popular G-funk popularized by Dr. Dre . Although not received well by critics, the album brought successful singles, including " Really Doe ", " Bop Gun (One Nation) ", " You Know How We Do It ", and "What Can I Do?" After this album, Ice Cube effectively lost his rap audience. Following Lethal Injection , Cube focused on films and producing albums of other rappers, including Da Lench Mob, Mack 10 , Mr. Short Khop , and Kausion . In 1994, Cube teamed with onetime N.W.A groupmate Dr. Dre , who
11074-464: The underlying, partly historical morphology . Given this, it is sometimes hard to tell which actual phonemes are present in a certain word. The traditional prohibition of word-initial /ɾ/ became a morphological rule called "initial law" ( 두음법칙 ) in the pronunciation standards of South Korea, which pertains to Sino-Korean vocabulary. Such words retain their word-initial /ɾ/ in the pronunciation standards of North Korea. For example, ^NOTE ㅏ
11187-442: The way for Korean immigration to Hawaii in the late 1880s. In the early 1900s, Korean immigrants began making their way to Los Angeles, where they created communities based around ethnic churches. As the number of Koreans increased to the hundreds, their residential and commercial activities spread to the southwestern corner of the Los Angeles business district, putting them within walking distance of Little Tokyo and Chinatown . By
11300-609: The west, and continues east towards Vermont Avenue", according to the Wilshire Community Plan of the City of Los Angeles. Google Maps draws the following boundaries for Koreatown: Vermont Avenue on the east, Western Avenue on the west, Third Street on the north and Olympic Boulevard on the south. According to the Mapping L.A. project of the Los Angeles Times, Koreatown has the following boundaries: Beverly Boulevard on
11413-456: The world." Ice Cube has been married to Kimberly Woodruff since April 26, 1992. They have four children together; their oldest son O'Shea Jackson Jr. (born 1991) portrayed him in the film Straight Outta Compton . When asked about the balance between his music and parenting in 2005, Cube discussed teaching his children to question the value of violence depicted in all media, not just song lyrics. Through his son O'Shea Jackson Jr. Ice Cube
11526-451: Was $ 30,558, a low figure for Los Angeles, and the percentage of households that earned less than $ 20,000 was high. The average household size of 2.7 people was about the same as the rest of the city. Renters occupied 93% of the housing units, and house- or apartment owners the rest. The percentages of never-married men and women, 44.6% and 36.2%, respectively, were among the county's highest. There were 2,833 military veterans in 2000, or 3.3%,
11639-399: Was $ 50 million worth of damage done, half of which was on Korean-owned businesses. During the riots, roads between Koreatown and safer neighborhoods were blocked off. Some Korean-Americans speculated that they were being trapped in the danger. One resident said, "It was containment. The police cut off traffic out of Koreatown, while we were trapped on the other side without help. Those roads are
11752-460: Was 30, an average age for both the city and Los Angeles County . Koreatown is considered "highly diverse" ethnically. The breakdown is Latinos , 53.5%; Asians , 32.2%; whites, 7.4%; blacks , 4.8%, and others, 2%. Korea (28.6%) and Mexico (23.9%) were the most common places of birth for the 68% of the residents who were born abroad, a figure that is considered high compared to the city as a whole. The median annual household income in 2008 dollars
11865-640: Was accidentally shot to death by Korean shopkeepers who mistook him and his friends for looters. Hyungwon Kang captured a photograph of Lee's body in the street. The 1992 unrest had a significant impact on the community, solidifying the importance of community-based nonprofit organizations, such as the Koreatown Youth and Community Center (KYCC) and Koreatown Immigrant Workers Alliance (KIWA) (see Community Organizations section). These organizations advocated for reparations and protections for Korean Americans, who received little support from government authorities as
11978-446: Was also known for their violent lyrics, threatening to attack abusive police which stirred controversy. After a monetary dispute over the group's management by Eazy-E and Jerry Heller , Cube left N.W.A in late 1989, teaming with New York artists and launching a solo rap career. Ice Cube has also had an active film career since the early 1990s. He entered cinema by playing Doughboy in director John Singleton 's feature debut Boyz n
12091-618: Was also performing and recording electro rap. Dre had Cube help write the Wreckin Cru's hit song "Cabbage Patch". Dre also joined Cube on a side project, a duo called Stereo Crew, which made a 12-inch record, "She's a Skag", released on Epic Records in 1986. In 1987, C.I.A. released the Dr. Dre -produced single " My Posse ". Meanwhile, the Wreckin' Cru's home base was the Eve After Dark nightclub, about
12204-492: Was also thought as foreseeing the 1992 Los Angeles riots . While controversial, Death Certificate broadened his audience; he toured with Lollapalooza in 1992. Cube's third album, The Predator , was released in November 1992. Referring to the 1992 Los Angeles riots , the song " Wicked " opens, "April 29 was power to the people, and we might just see a sequel." The Predator was the first album ever to debut at No. 1 on both
12317-487: Was first introduced to Korea in the 1st century BC, and remained the medium of formal writing and government until the late 19th century. Korean scholars adapted Chinese characters (known in Korean as Hanja ) to write their own language, creating scripts known as idu , hyangchal , gugyeol , and gakpil. These systems were cumbersome, due to the fundamental disparities between the Korean and Chinese languages, and accessible only to those educated in classical Chinese. Most of
12430-929: Was forming Ruthless Records and the musical team N.W.A , based in Compton, California . Himself from South Central Los Angeles , Cube would be N.W.A's only core member not born in Compton. Upon the success of the song " Boyz-n-the-Hood "—written by Cube, produced by Dre, and rapped by Eazy-E, helping establish gangsta rap in California—Eazy focused on developing N.W.A, which soon gained MC Ren . Cube wrote some of Dre's and nearly all of Eazy's lyrics on N.W.A's official debut album, Straight Outta Compton , released in August 1988. Yet by late 1989, Cube questioned his compensation and N.W.A's management by Jerry Heller . Cube also wrote most of Eazy-E's debut album Eazy-Duz-It . He received
12543-519: Was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of N.W.A in 2016. A native of Los Angeles, Ice Cube formed his first rap group called C.I.A. in 1986. In 1987, with Eazy-E and Dr. Dre , he formed the gangsta rap group N.W.A. As its lead rapper, he wrote some of Dre's and most of Eazy's lyrics on Straight Outta Compton , a landmark album that shaped West Coast hip hop 's early identity and helped differentiate it from East Coast rap . N.W.A
12656-416: Was racial strife between Black and Korean Americans. In many predominantly Black neighborhoods, Korean citizens owned the majority of businesses. When White residents left the area, Koreans purchased their businesses from them for little money. Rapper Ice Cube spoke of this, along with Asian suspicion of Black residents in his 1991 album Death Certificate during the song "Black Korea". On March 16, 1991,
12769-492: Was then leading rap's G-funk subgenre, for the first time since Cube had left the group, and which had disbanded upon Dre's 1991 departure. The result was the Cube and Dre song " Natural Born Killaz ", on the Murder Was The Case soundtrack, released by Dre's then-new label, Death Row Records . In 1995, Cube joined Mack 10 and WC in forming a side trio, the Westside Connection . Feeling neglected by East Coast media,
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