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29-878: Liverpool Cathedral Constables are a cathedral constabulary responsible for providing security for Liverpool Cathedral . Its officers follow a long-held tradition of cathedral constables dating back to the thirteenth century. At one time many Anglican cathedrals appointed ecclesiastical constables to uphold law and order in and around their precincts. Today Liverpool Cathedral is one of only three cathedrals nationally still to employ constables, along with York Minster ( York Minster Police ) and Canterbury Cathedral ( Canterbury Cathedral Close Constables ). Cathedral constables were employed at Salisbury Cathedral until 2010, when they were replaced with security guards and traffic managers, at Hereford Cathedral until 2014, and Chester Cathedral until 2021 when they were transferred to Liverpool Cathedral. The constables endeavour to maintain

58-622: A chapter of canons of a collegiate church or cathedral church . Based on that use, deans in universities now fill various administrative positions. Latin decanus should not be confused with Greek diákonos (διάκονος), from which the word deacon derives, which describes a supportive role. In the Catholic Church , the Dean of the College of Cardinals and the Cardinal Vice-Dean are

87-409: A "dean" in terms of the dean of the cabinet. Every annual conference has a bishop's cabinet made up of the district superintendents under the bishop's appointment, as well as occasionally a few other conference officials. One of these superintendents is chosen by his or her colleagues to serve as the dean, usually for one year. This dean then has certain administrative and leadership responsibilities, and

116-416: A Catholic cathedral is a dean. The title "dean" is conferred upon a parish priest who serves as a senior figure, though usually without specific jurisdictional authority, over a section of a diocese. These are sometimes referred to as "rural deans", and are expected to show a degree of leadership among the priests of the region, known as a deanery . This function is sometimes titled "vicar forane" ( forane

145-529: A Head Constable who in turn reports to the Cathedral Inspector. Working in teams of two, they provide 24-hour cover, 365 days a year. The security of the cathedral is not their only responsibility; constables also patrol the adjacent residential college campus, providing security to the young people who live there. Constables work out of the Constables’ Lodge, a single storey building at the entrance to

174-464: A cathedral, is called a chapter), and may also chair a deanery synod . Rural deans (and those known by alternative titles) rank as primi inter pares of their chapters, and do not have the seniority of cathedral or diocesan deans. The head of an Anglican theological college or seminary may also be called a dean (in common with its use in education ). Within the Lutheran tradition, particularly in

203-583: A cleric as a dean (or a cathedral provost). For example, the Very Reverend June Osborne was Dean of Salisbury Cathedral . The legal act by which a cathedral dean in the Church of England takes up his or her role is the institution , which is invariably followed in the same service by the installation (into his/her stall in the cathedral church); an "institution and installation" are very often referred to simply as an installation. In consideration of

232-516: A long history and can trace their lineage back to the 13th century. Before the onset of professional policing something often overlooked is the close relationship which once existed between the church and the imposition of law and order. In the Middle Ages the parish was the smallest unit of local government in the country. Every parish was centred around the local church, and after the Reformation

261-472: A territorial force. This officer generally bears the title head constable or inspector. There is a formal command structure in each constabulary of chief inspector (Canterbury Cathedral only), inspector, sergeant, constable and unattested warden. The position of chief officer exists within the Cathedral Constables' Association (CCA). Local training is supplemented by training opportunities organised by

290-527: Is Latin for "in a foreign land"). An episcopal vicar serves a similar function, but has more formal authority and specific powers under canon law . In recent years, the Catholic Church in England and Wales has introduced the custom of designating cathedral deans, formerly known as cathedral administrators. However, the term differs slightly from the Anglican usage as Catholic deans do not necessarily preside over

319-609: Is in other religious communities. Another important use of the term within the Catholic Church is in the office of the Dean of the College of Cardinals , who serves as senior member of that body. The current Dean is Giovanni Battista Cardinal Re , approved on 18 January 2020. In the Church of England and elsewhere in the Anglican Communion , the dean is the chief resident cleric of a cathedral or other collegiate church and

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348-601: Is similar to an archdeacon in the other member churches of the Communion (a post that does not exist in the Scottish church). In the Anglican Church of Canada , the roles of senior cleric of the cathedral are combined in one person who is referred to as "Rector of Cathedral and Dean of Diocese". Thus, Peter Elliott was Rector of Christ Church Cathedral and Dean of New Westminster . The style The Very Reverend distinguishes

377-454: The Anglican Communion , and many Lutheran denominations . A dean's assistant is called a sub-dean. Latin decanus in the Roman military was the head of a group of ten soldiers within a centuria , and by the 5th century it was the head of a group of ten monks. It came to refer to various civil functionaries in the later Roman Empire. Based on the monastic use, it came to mean the head of

406-475: The cathedral chapter (this function belonging to the office of Provost ) and are not necessarily required even to be a member of the chapter. More commonly, in places throughout the world where a cathedral chapter has not been erected (as for instance, in the United States, where there are no chapters at all), the term rector is used for the priest who serves as chief administrator of a cathedral church, as it

435-482: The Anglican Communion, parishes are grouped together to form deaneries , each being a constituent administrative district of the diocese. Usually, a deanery is led by one of the incumbents of the deanery's parishes, who is called a rural dean , but in more urban areas this has often been replaced by the title area dean or regional dean . Such a dean chairs the meeting of the deanery's clergy (which, like

464-602: The CCA, including the level 3 Certificate in Cathedral Constable Attestation, and individual personal safety training (PST) which is provided under contract by training officers of the Mersey Tunnels Police . Dean (Christianity) A dean , in an ecclesiastical context, is a cleric holding certain positions of authority within a religious hierarchy. The title is used mainly in the Catholic Church ,

493-589: The Communion (particularly in the Scottish Episcopal Church and, formerly in some cathedrals in England), the senior resident cleric in a cathedral is a provost . Each diocese of the Scottish Episcopal Church has a dean of the diocese : this is a cleric who, rather than heading the cathedral staff, assists the bishop in the administration of the diocese. In this way, a Scottish Episcopal dean

522-618: The Nordic and Baltic tradition of evangelical episcopal Lutheranism, senior clergy bear the title 'Dean'. Each diocese usually has a cathedral Dean, in charge of the cathedral church, and a series of area deans to supervise the clergy in a given geographical area. In the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland , there are also deans in charge of leading the administrative work and personnel of the Chapters. United Methodists often speak of

551-697: The cathedral Dean and Chapter . Constables are employed at three cathedrals: During the 21st century, constables have also operated at: Cathedral constables wear a uniform very similar to British territorial police forces. Some officers are attested and hold the office of constable within the cathedral's curtilage , whilst others remain un-sworn. Constables who are attested wear a distinguishing royal blue and white Sillitoe tartan chequered cap band to distinguish them from their Home Office police colleagues (black and white chequered cap band) and their un-sworn colleagues (plain hat bands). A number of officers at Canterbury, York and Liverpool are attested and hold

580-417: The cathedral's precinct, and from where they watch all comings and goings with the aid of an extensive range of CCTV cameras and monitors. In January 2011, the cathedral appointed its first female constable. The cathedral's constables wear uniforms similar to typical British police officers . They wear a white shirt with epaulettes, black tie, black combat style trousers, and a high visibility jacket with

609-484: The head of the chapter of canons . If the cathedral or collegiate church has its own parish, the dean is usually also rector of the parish. However, in the Church of Ireland the roles are often separated, and most cathedrals in the Church of England do not have associated parishes. In the Church in Wales , however, most cathedrals are parish churches, and their deans are now also vicars of their parishes. In some parts of

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638-511: The high status of a Dean, the Very Reverend title is normally a permanent title preferment. Some important deans include the deans of St Paul's , Canterbury Cathedral and Westminster Abbey . Westminster Abbey is a royal peculiar , not the seat of any bishop or a cathedral, but is led by a dean. The deans of Washington National Cathedral and St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin are likewise important clerics in their churches. In many parts of

667-405: The history and tradition of ecclesiastical constables through the Cathedral Constables' Association. The constables, through the Cathedral Constables' Association, have published a short book entitled, Cathedral Bobbies . The book is a series of reflections related to individual constable's experiences. Today, Liverpool Cathedral and its precinct are protected by a team of 10 constables managed by

696-505: The peace but accountable to the local churchwardens . Like parish constables, church wardens were locally appointed and oversaw the administration of the parish, good order during services, and the upkeep of the church fabric and property. Similarly, many cathedrals employed constables to keep watch and maintain law and order within the cathedral and its precincts; an area often known as the Close. These officers were appointed by, and answerable to,

725-464: The powers of constable in their respective cathedral and precincts. Newly appointed officers undertake pre-attestation training (provided by the CCA) together with training delivered by their own cathedral. Upon completion, officers are attested and can undertake officer safety training (OST). Most of the current constabularies distinguish their chief officer with the rank markings used by a police Inspector in

754-403: The president and vice-president of the college. Both are elected. Except for presiding and delegating administrative tasks, they have no authority over the cardinals, acting as primus inter pares (first among equals). In the universities that grew out of the cathedral and monastery schools , a university dean came to be an official with various administrative duties. The chief priest of

783-510: The spiritual tranquility of the cathedral. The rank structure of the Liverpool Cathedral Constables is smaller than most police forces, due to its size, but the ranks themselves are similar. The senior officer is an Inspector. More serious crimes and policing incidents on the cathedral precincts are handled by the local territorial police force , Merseyside Police . Cathedral constable Cathedral constables have

812-447: The words "Cathedral Constable" on the back. Not all officers are attested, but attested officers are distinguishable by their wearing of a cap with a Sillitoe tartan (black and white chequered) band, the addition of ‘Police’ below Cathedral Constable on their uniform and the carrying of personal safety equipment. All constables are trained to deal with difficult and occasionally dangerous situations whilst ensuring minimal disruption to

841-403: Was responsible for administering civil and religious government at a local level. Many parishes developed a vestry – a small body of village officials, answerable only to the bishop and the local justices, and who were responsible for the ecclesiastical and secular well-being of the parish they served. Parish constables , sometimes referred to as petty constables, were attested by justices of

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