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47-580: Lindahl was also involved with the Epilepsy Foundation , where she spent nine years on the board, taught others about the cause, and raised money and awareness. She resides between Charleston , South Carolina and Colchester , Vermont. Lindahl was born in Burlington, Vermont in 1948. She grew up in Montclair, New Jersey and attended Montclair Kimberly Academy , together with Polly Smith. She received

94-678: A Minor League Baseball team of the Eastern League which serves as the Double-A affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles . The Baysox moved to Bowie from Hagerstown in 1993 and began to play at Prince George's Stadium in 1994. In 2015, the Baysox captured their first Eastern League championship , defeating the Reading Fightin Phils in five games. The city operates a senior citizens center and

141-481: A "spur" to Washington, D.C., and the entire line through Southern Maryland was completed in 1873. In 1880, Huntington City was rechartered as Bowie, named for Colonel Bowie's son and business partner Oden Bowie , the former Governor of Maryland and then-president of the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad . In the early days the land was subdivided by developers into more than 500 residential building lots, to create

188-747: A bachelor's degree in education from the University of Vermont in 1977. Previously she graduated from Vernon Court Junior College in Newport , Rhode Island, and the Katharine Gibbs Secretarial School in Montclair, New Jersey. Later in life Lindahl finished her master's degree in culture and spirituality from Holy Names University in Oakland, California in 2007. Lindahl was in the middle of graduate school, which she put on hold, when she came up with

235-565: A form of her previous bra invention that would serve as a compression bra to help breast cancer patients overcome the pain and discomfort associated with procedures. With Lindahl's prior knowledge of designing and entrepreneurship, in 2001 the two ladies invented the Compression Comfort Bra. Along with the creation of the Compression Comfort Bra, Lindahl also worked to educate people about truncal lymphedema, which many women with breast cancer suffer from, and Dr. Bell has continued teaching

282-473: A gymnasium for community programs. Bowie is located at 38°57′53″N 76°44′40″W  /  38.96472°N 76.74444°W  / 38.96472; -76.74444 (38.964727, −76.744531). According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 18.51 square miles (47.94 km ), of which 18.43 square miles (47.73 km ) is land and 0.08 square miles (0.21 km )

329-536: A large town site at a junction of the Baltimore and Potomac's main line to southern Maryland, and the branch line to Washington, D.C. By 1902, the Baltimore & Potomac was purchased by the powerful Pennsylvania Railroad . A second railroad entered the community when the Washington, Baltimore and Annapolis Electric Railway electric trolley line commenced service in 1908. The large interurban cars brought rapid transit to

376-688: A support and backing network for entrepreneurs. She was nominated for the "Boss of the Year Award", and "Entrepreneur of the Year award", by the Sporting Goods Manufacturers’ Association, and by Inc. Magazine . Lindahl was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2022 alongside co-inventors Hinda Miller (formerly Hinda Schreiber) and Polly Smith. Lindahl's 2019 publication is Unleash The Girls, The Untold Story of

423-566: Is Interstate 595 / U.S. Route 50 , the John Hanson Highway, which follows an east–west route through the city. Via I-595/US 50, Bowie has direct connections westward to Washington, D.C. , and eastward to Annapolis and the Eastern Shore of Maryland . U.S. Route 301 and Maryland Route 3 skim the eastern edge of the city, providing connections southward to Waldorf and La Plata and northward to Baltimore . Other state highways serving

470-534: Is a non-profit national foundation, headquartered in Bowie, Maryland , dedicated to the welfare of people with epilepsy and seizure disorders. The foundation was established in 1968 and now has a network of 59 affiliates. The foundation's programs aim to "ensure that people with seizures are able to participate in all life experiences; and to prevent, control and cure epilepsy through research, education, advocacy and services." The Epilepsy Foundation came into existence as

517-615: Is equivalent to the branded drug. The Epilepsy Foundation received anecdotal reports of patients experiencing seizures and side effects after switching drugs, and tried to convince the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1999 that there was a problem, but the FDA decided there was no evidence. In 2006, foundation leaders convened a committee of medical experts, and its own experts also found no evidence. Nonetheless, they recommended that doctors be required to give permission to switch their patients' prescriptions to generic drugs. Gary Buehler, at

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564-696: Is located at Tall Oaks High School. Samuel Ogle was previously a junior high school, then an elementary school; around 2005, PGCPS planned to convert it into a middle school. From 1950 to 1964, during the era of legally-required racial segregation of schools , black students from Bowie attended Fairmont Heights High School , then near Fairmount Heights . Bowie is home to several private schools: Bowie State University , located north of Bowie, has been open since 1865. Prince George's County Memorial Library System operates two public libraries in Bowie: Bowie Branch and South Bowie Branch. The following

611-616: Is on display via the Huntington Railroad Museum , within the local rail station's restored railroad buildings. In 2006, the city reopened the Bowie Building Association building, a small brick and block structure constructed circa 1930, as a Welcome Center; it originally housed the Bowie Building Association, which helped finance much of the community's early development. Bowie is home to the Chesapeake Baysox ,

658-568: Is water. ZIP codes for mail delivery in Bowie are: 20715, 20716, 20717, 20718, 20719, 20720, 20721 The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bowie has a humid subtropical climate , abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. As of the census of 2010, there were 54,727 people, 19,950 households, and 14,264 families residing in

705-607: The Civil Rights Movement in Bowie in 1963. The original Belair Estate contains the Belair Mansion (circa 1745), the five-part Georgian plantation house of Governor Samuel Ogle and his son Governor Benjamin Ogle . It was purchased in 1898 by the wealthy banker James T. Woodward who, on his passing in 1910, left it to his nephew, William Woodward Sr. , who became a famous horseman. Restored to reflect its 250-year-old legacy,

752-588: The University of Vermont , Lindahl and Smith actually sewed two jockstraps together and nicknamed it a "jockbra". Smith's assistant, Hinda Schreiber , also helped with creating the bra. It was later renamed a "jogbra". One of their original Jogbras is bronzed and on display near the costume shop of the theater. Two others are housed by the Smithsonian Institution and another by the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art . For years Lindahl held

799-652: The Board of Directors of the Epilepsy Foundation for several years. While holding this position Lindahl created The Women and Epilepsy Health Initiative, which has given opportunities for researchers to study the gender differences in epilepsy. For all her work to help the cause, the Epilepsy Foundation gave Lindahl a National Personal Achievement Award. In 1999, Lindahl was awarded a Congressional Commendation for her work on epilepsy by Vermont Senator James Jeffords . In later years, Lindahl joined with Dr. Lesli Bell to create

846-411: The Epilepsy Foundation of America. JavaScript code and flashing computer animations were posted to trigger migraine headaches and seizures in people with photosensitive or pattern-sensitive epilepsy . According to Wired News , circumstantial evidence suggested that the attack was perpetrated by Anonymous users, with the initial attack posts on the epilepsy forum blaming eBaum's World . Members of

893-567: The Epilepsy Foundation's board, as did Billy Tauzin , head of PhRMA , which gave $ 25,000 to $ 49,999. The Foundation denied that pharmaceutical funding had anything to do with its support of the laws. Generic drug substitution is significant, because four major branded drugs, with that generated $ 5 billion revenue, went off-patent in 2010. (At the time the five best-selling drugs were Topamax , Lamictal , Lyrica , Keppra and Depakote .) Pharmacists can substitute generics, because every generic drug, in order to be approved, has to demonstrate that it

940-617: The Foundation is "To Lead The Fight To Overcome The Challenges Of Living With Epilepsy And To Accelerate Therapies To Stop Seizures, Find Cures, And Save Lives." Programs included educational, counseling, referral, and employment assistance. In addition the EFA has advisory and youth programs, training grants and programs. On March 28, 2008, Wired News reported that "Internet griefers "—a slang term for people whose only interests are in harassing others —assaulted an epilepsy support forum run by

987-693: The Invention of the Sports Bra and How It Changed the World and Me, a business memoir about women in business dealing with success, power issues and personal growth. Her previous book, titled Beauty as Action, the Way of True Beauty and How its Practice can Change our World (2017) is a self-help book for individuals who want to contribute to changing the current societal paradigm. Epilepsy Foundation The Epilepsy Foundation , also Epilepsy Foundation of America ( EFA ),

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1034-561: The Mansion is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Belair Stable , on the Estate, was part of the famous Belair Stud , one of the premier racing stables in the 1930s, '40s, and '50s. Owned and operated by William Woodward Sr. (1876–1953), it closed in 1957 following the death of his son, Billy Woodward . Belair had been the oldest continually operating racing horse farm in

1081-655: The area, with trains running hourly. Bowie area stations included High Bridge, Hillmeade, and the Race Track. The convergence of the two rail systems induced the Southern Maryland Agricultural Society to build the Bowie Race Track in 1914. The track enabled the Belair Stud to become one of Maryland's premier areas for thoroughbreds . Also in 1914, a teacher-training college, or normal school as it

1128-458: The attack to a group named "The Internet Hate Machine" (a reference to the KTTV Fox 11 news report ), who claim to be part of Anonymous, but are not the same faction that are involved in the campaign against Scientology. Some Anonymous participants of Project Chanology suggest that the perpetrators are Internet users who merely remained anonymous in the literal sense, and thus had no affiliation with

1175-408: The city charter. This means that the mayor and council are responsible for making policy, passing ordinances, voting appropriations, and having overall supervisory authority in the city government. The U.S. Postal Service operates multiple post offices including Mitchellville, West Bowie, and Bowie/Mitchellville Carrier Annex (adjacent to the city limits). The primary law enforcement agency for

1222-1015: The city include Maryland Route 197 , Maryland Route 214 , Maryland Route 450 and Maryland Route 564 . It is served by Bowie State station on MARC 's Penn Line . According to the city's 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the largest employers in the city are: Bowie is within the Prince George's County Public Schools system. Area residents are zoned to Benjamin Tasker Middle School or Samuel Ogle Middle School, and Bowie High School . Some Bowie residents also attend Eleanor Roosevelt High School in their STEM program. Elementary schools in Bowie include Heather Hills, Kenilworth, Northview, Pointer Ridge, Rockledge, Tulip Grove, Whitehall, and Yorktown Elementary Schools. Elementary schools not in Bowie and serving Bowie include High Bridge and Woodmore . Two special education centers are Chapel Forge and C. Elizabeth Reig. A voc/tech school

1269-671: The city is the Bowie Police Department aided by the Prince George's County Police , the Maryland-National Capital Park Police Department, and the Sheriff's Office as directed by authority. Prince George's County Police Department District 2 Station in Brock Hall CDP , with a Bowie postal address, serves the community. Bowie is served by several significant highways. The most prominent of these

1316-421: The city was $ 99,105, and the median income for a family was $ 109,157. Males had a median income of $ 52,284 versus $ 40,471 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 30,703. About 0.7% of families and 1.6% of the population were below the poverty line , including 1.0% of those under age 18 and 1.8% of those age 65 or over. The City of Bowie operates under a council-manager government as established by

1363-429: The city. The population density was 2,969.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,146.5/km ). There were 20,687 housing units at an average density of 1,122.5 per square mile (433.4/km ). The ethnic makeup of the city was 41.4% White , 48.7% African American , 0.3% Native American , 4.1% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 1.9% from other races , and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.6% of

1410-462: The construction of a railroad from Baltimore to Southern Maryland, terminating in Pope's Creek . The area had already been dotted with small farms and large tobacco plantations in an economy based on agriculture and slavery. In 1870, Ben Plumb, a land speculator and developer, sold building lots around the railroad junction and named the settlement Huntington City. By 1872, the line was completed, together with

1457-538: The country. Bowie has an area of 16 square miles (41 km ) and about 50,000 residents with nearly 2,000 acres (8.1 km ) set aside as parks or open space. It has 72 ball fields, three community centers, an ice arena at Allen Pond Park , the Bowie Town Center , the 800-seat Bowie Center for the Performing Arts, a 150-seat theatrical playhouse, a golf course, and three museums. Bowie's rail town history

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1504-471: The effect of the lawful protests against their virulent organization" under the Church's fair game policy. The church has previously been involved in false flag operations to frame and discredit groups or peoples it disagrees with such as Operation Freakout and Gabe Cazares . The Tech Herald reported that when the attack began, posts referenced multiple groups, including Anonymous. The report attributes

1551-495: The epilepsy forum claimed they had found a thread in which the attack was being planned at 7chan.org, an imageboard that has been described as a stronghold for Anonymous. The thread, like all old threads eventually do on these types of imageboards, has since cycled to deletion. RealTechNews reported that the forum at the United Kingdom-based National Society for Epilepsy , now called Epilepsy Society

1598-553: The fifth most populous city and third largest city by area in the U.S. state of Maryland. In 2014, CNN Money ranked Bowie 28th in its Best Places to Live (in the United States) list. The city of Bowie owes its existence to the railway. In 1853, Colonel William Duckett Bowie obtained a charter from the Maryland legislature to construct a rail line into Southern Maryland. In 1869, the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad Company began

1645-400: The idea for the jockbra. Lisa called her sister Victoria Woodrow one day to complain about her painful experiences having to just wear a normal bra while running. During the course of Lindahl and theater costume designer Polly Smith's exploration for a better alternative, Victoria suggested that what they needed was a jockstrap for women's breasts. In the costume shop of Royall Tyler Theatre at

1692-535: The larger anti-Scientology efforts attributed to Anonymous. During an interview with CNN, Scientologist Tommy Davis accused Anonymous of hacking into the Epilepsy Foundation website to make it display imagery intended to cause epileptic seizures. Interviewer John Roberts contended the FBI said that it "found nothing to connect this group Anonymous (with these actions)," and that it also has "no reason to believe that these charges will be leveled against this group." The response

1739-442: The population. There were 19,950 households, of which 37.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.5% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

1786-625: The public about this issue, and is now a world renowned public speaker on the topic. Lindahl has also put her education and practice to good use by teaching a Women's Small Business Program at Trinity College in Burlington, Vermont. Lindahl also taught business at Champlain College and Trinity College. She served as a Trustee of the Vermont Land Trust, which is an organization devoted to conserving Vermont's landscape. Lindahl as well participated in

1833-598: The result of a merger of the Epilepsy Association of America and the Epilepsy Foundation in 1967. It has since been joined by the National Epilepsy League. In December 2012, it merged with The Epilepsy Therapy Project. The mission of the Foundation in 2012 was to "stop seizures and SUDEP , find a cure and overcome the challenges created by epilepsy through efforts including education, advocacy and research to accelerate ideas into therapies". The new mission of

1880-457: The role of president, Chief Executive Officer and chair of the board for selling the invention. Then in 1990 Playtex purchased the invention. After Playtex's purchasing of the company, Lindahl still served as Co-President of the Jogbra. Lisa Lindahl suffers from epilepsy herself, and has made it one of her main goals to educate others on the topic. Lindahl took upon the role of Senior Vice President of

1927-473: The time the director of the FDA's office of generic drugs, said, "The only way you can somehow pin this down is to do a good study." Bowie, Maryland Bowie ( / ˈ b uː i / ) is a city in Prince George's County, Maryland , United States. Per the 2020 census , the population was 58,329. Bowie has grown from a small railroad stop to the largest municipality in Prince George's County, and

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1974-466: The town of Bowie annexed the Levitt properties and then re-incorporated the now-larger area as a city in 1963. The overwhelming majority of Bowie residents today live in this 1960s Levitt planned community, whose street names are arranged in alliterative sections. Levitt & Sons had a long history of prohibiting the sale of houses (including resale by owners) to African Americans which led to protests during

2021-402: Was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.23. The median age in the city was 40.1 years. 24.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.2% were from 25 to 44; 30.1% were from 45 to 64; and 11.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.9% male and 53.1% female. According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in

2068-460: Was also lobbying state legislatures for the change, and working with the foundation. The pharmaceutical industry spent $ 8.8 million in state campaign contributions in 2006. In its annual report, the Epilepsy Foundation reported that it got $ 500,000 to $ 999,999 from GlaxoSmithKline , and $ 100,000 to $ 499,999 from each of Abbott Laboratories and Johnson & Johnson . At the time of publication, representatives of four pharmaceutical companies sat on

2115-425: Was also subjected to an identical attack. It stated that "apparent members of Anonymous" had denied responsibility for both attacks and posted that it had been the Church of Scientology who carried them out. News.com.au reported that the administrators of 7chan.org had posted an open letter claiming that the attacks had been carried out by the Church of Scientology "to ruin the public opinion of Anonymous, to lessen

2162-471: Was referred to then, was built for African-Americans, just outside the town. This now has become Bowie State University . The town of Bowie was incorporated in 1916. In 1957, the firm of Levitt and Sons acquired the nearby Belair Estate, the original colonial plantation of the Provincial Governor of Maryland , Samuel Ogle , and developed the residential community of Belair at Bowie. Two years later

2209-441: Was that the matter was on the hands of local law enforcement and that there were ongoing investigations. According to a Wall Street Journal report in 2006, the foundation, with its local affiliates, was lobbying for state laws in 25 states that would prevent pharmacists from substituting generic epilepsy drugs for brand-name drugs unless the pharmacist had written consent of the physician or patient. The pharmaceutical industry

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