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53-485: Lingayen , officially the Municipality of Lingayen ( [ˌliŋgɐˈjɛn] ; Pangasinan : Baley na Lingayen ; Ilocano : Ili ti Lingayen ; Tagalog : Bayan ng Lingayen ), is a 1st class municipality and capital of the province of Pangasinan , Philippines . According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 107,728 people. It is the capital and the seat of government of the province of Pangasinan. Lingayen

106-571: A Tortola , a short love story. (Lingayen, Pangasinan: Gumawid Press, 1926) Juan Villamil translated José Rizal 's " Mi último adiós " in Pangasinan. Pablo Mejia edited Tunong , a news magazine, in the 1920s. He also wrote Bilay tan Kalkalar nen Rizal , a biography of Rizal. Magsano published Silew , a literary magazine. Magsano also wrote Samban Agnabenegan , a romance novel. Pangasinan Courier published articles and literary works in Pangasinan. Pioneer Herald published Sinag ,

159-536: A facelift. Palaris Building , formerly known as Kalantiaw Building, was named after Datu Kalantiaw, said to have composed the first legal code of the Philippines , the Code of Kalantiaw. The code was said to be fraudulent and Kalantiyaw was not a Pangasinense but an Aklanon, according to some historical accounts. The building was renamed Palaris, in honor of the heroic acts of Pantaleon Perez, also known as "Palaris" in leading

212-451: A literary supplement in Pangasinan. Many Christian publications in Pangasinan are widely available. Many Pangasinan are multilingual and proficient in English , Filipino , and Ilocano . However, the spread and influence of the other languages is contributing to the decline of the Pangasinan language. Many Pangasinan people, especially the native speakers are promoting the use of Pangasinan in

265-566: A major renovation and inaugurated in the same year, April 5. At present, Sison Auditorium serves as the Cultural Center of Ilocos Region. Several bus companies like Victory Liner and Dagupan Bus Co. have routes going to Lingayen from Manila , Baguio , and Dagupan every day. The town has a small airport , Lingayen Airport , where light planes can land and served as a community airport in Lingayen and surrounding areas. Lingayen, belonging to

318-430: A paste made from the caramelized fermented reduction of pindang broth, a spicy and tangy herbal soup typically containing fish or shrimp (occasionally, beef or eggs). To obtain patís, fermentation is longer, usually taking six months to a year. During the longer fermentation processes, the fish or shrimp constituents disintegrate further, producing a clear yellowish liquid on top of the mixture due to hydrolysis . This

371-1142: A total population of 2,343,086 (2000), of which 2 million speak Pangasinan. As of 2020, Pangasinan is ranked tenth on the leading languages generally spoken at home in the Philippines with only 334,759 households still speaking the language. Pangasinan is spoken in other Pangasinan communities in the Philippines, mostly in the neighboring provinces of Benguet , La Union , Nueva Ecija , Tarlac , Zambales , and Nueva Vizcaya , and has varying speakers in Metro Manila , Cagayan , Isabela , Bulacan , Bataan , Aurora , Quezon , Cavite , Laguna , Mindoro , Palawan and Mindanao especially in Soccsksargen , Davao Region , Caraga , Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental . Austronesian speakers settled in Maritime Southeast Asia during prehistoric times, perhaps more than 5,000 years ago. The indigenous speakers of Pangasinan are descendants of these settlers, who were probably part of

424-511: A wave of prehistoric human migration that is widely believed to have originated from Southern China via Taiwan between 10 and 6 thousand years ago. The word Pangasinan means 'land of salt' or 'place of salt-making'; it is derived from the root word asin , the word for 'salt' in Pangasinan. Pangasinan could also refer to a 'container of salt or salted products'; it refers to the ceramic jar for storage of salt or salted-products or its contents. Written Pangasinan and oral literature in

477-426: Is a Philippine condiment partially or completely made of either fermented fish ( bagoóng isdâ ) or krill or shrimp paste ( bagoóng alamáng ) with salt . The fermentation process also produces fish sauce known as patís . The preparation of bagoóng can vary regionally in the Philippines . Bagoóng is usually made from a variety of fish species , including the following: Bagoóng made from fish

530-895: Is a byproduct of the fermentation process. It is a clear, yellowish liquid that floats above the fermented mixture, and has a sharp salty or cheese-like flavor. Sauces similar to patís include nước mắm in Vietnam, nam pha (ນ້ຳປາ) in Laos, hom ha in China, nam pla in Thailand, shottsuru in Japan and saeu chot in Korea, as well as the garum of ancient Greece and the Roman empire . Indonesia has an East Javanese condiment called petis (pronounced similar to patís in Filipino):

583-591: Is a neoclassical building designed by Ralph Harrington Doane. It was damaged during World War II and was reconstructed in 1946 with assistance from the US government under the Philippine Rehabilitation Act. With the completion of its repair and rehabilitation in 2008, the building earned the title "Best Provincial Capitol in the Philippines". Urduja House , also called the Princess Urduja Palace ,

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636-495: Is encompassed by the term bagoóng isdâ (lit. "fish bagoong") in Luzon and northern parts of the Visayas . They can be distinguished further by the type of fish they are made of. Those made from anchovies are generally known as bagoong monamon or bagoong dilis and those from bonnetmouths as bagoong terong . In the southern Visayas and Mindanao , fish bagoong made from anchovies

689-725: Is home to three colleges and one university with two campuses. Pangasinan language The Pangasinan language belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian languages family. Pangasinan is similar to other closely related Philippine languages , Malay in Malaysia (as Malaysian ), Indonesia (as Indonesian ), Brunei , and Singapore , Hawaiian in Hawaii and Malagasy in Madagascar . The Pangasinan language

742-598: Is kept inside large earthen fermentation jars (known as tapayan in Tagalog and Visayan languages , and burnay in Ilocano ). It is covered, to keep insects away, and left to ferment for 30–90 days with occasional stirring to make sure the salt is spread evenly. The mixture can expand significantly during the process. The preparation of bagoong alamang ( shrimp or krill paste ) is similar, with krill cleaned thoroughly and washed in weak brine solution (10%). As in fish bagoong,

795-520: Is known as guinamos (also spelled ginamos ). Larger fermented fish are known as tinabal . Bagoong can also be made from krill . This type of bagoong is known as bagoong alamang . It is called uyap or alamang in the southern Philippines, aramang in Ilocos and parts of Northern Luzon , and ginamos or dayok in western Visayas. In rarer instances, it can also be made from oysters , clams , and fish and shrimp roe . A kind of bagoong made in

848-558: Is located along Lingayen Gulf , the Agno River and the Limahong Channel . It has a land area of 62.76 square kilometers consisting of 32 barangays and also has 7 sitios . Its terrain is flat, suitable for farms and fisheries. Lingayen weather is cool from December to February, warm from March to April, and the wet season is between May and October. Lingayen is 206 kilometres (128 mi) from Manila via Romulo Highway . Lingayen

901-507: Is named after the legendary warrior Princess Urduja . It currently serves as the governor's official residence and guest house. Colegio del Santissimo Rosario Ruins was constructed in 1890 as an exclusive school for girls run by the Dominican sisters. Its lumber, windows, tin roofs, and beams were used to build another school in San Manuel town, leaving the structure in ruins. At present, it

954-867: Is not permissible as coda; it can only occur as onset. Even as an onset, the glottal stop disappears in affixation. Glottal stop /ʔ/ sometimes occurs in coda in words ending in vowels, only before a pause. Like other Malayo-Polynesian languages , Pangasinan has a verb–subject–object word order. Pangasinan is an agglutinative language. Benton (1971) lists a number of affixes for nouns. Benton describes affixes in Pangasinan as either "nominal" (affixes attached directly to nouns) and " nominalizing " (affixes which turn other parts of speech into nouns). Benton also describes "non-productive affixes", affixes which are not normally applied to nouns, and only found as part of other pre-existing words. Many of these non-productive affixes are found within words derived from Spanish . Modern Pangasinan consists of 27 letters, which include

1007-407: Is only located in word-initial positions and after consonants & [ ɾ ] is only pronounced between vowels. Before consonants and word-final positions, [ ɾ ] is in free variation with trill [r]. In Spanish loanwords, [d] and [ ɾ ] contrast in all word positions. All consonantal phonemes except /h, ʔ/ may be a syllable onset or coda . The phoneme /h/ rarely occurs in coda position. Although

1060-459: Is politically subdivided into 32 barangays . Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios . Lingayen has a tropical savanna climate (Koppen:Aw). Poverty incidence of Lingayen Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Agriculture , livestock and fishing are the major industries of the town. Major crops include rice , corn , tomato , mongo , watermelon , and vegetables . Livestock rising are predominant in

1113-443: Is preferred. High metallic content in the salt used can often result in darker colors to the resulting bagoong and a less agreeable undertaste. Likewise, oversalting and undersalting also has a significant impact on the rate and quality of fermentation due to their effects on the bacteria involved in the process. Some manufacturers grind the fermented product finely and sell the resulting mixture as fish paste. Patís or fish sauce

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1166-495: Is so well known, that in 2016 the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal was called to rule on whether the name "Lingayen" could be registered as a trademark to sell the paste (which it denied). The town has a land area of 3,180 hectares or 47.5% of the total land area of the municipality used for agriculture by a land survey conducted by Municipal Planning Team. Rice, being the major crop produced, have 1,500 hectares/ 22.42% of

1219-451: Is the dew So sweet is my dream Suddenly I awake Because of your beauty You are the only one I will love Best of all, my life When it's you that I see All are wiped away The sorrows that I bear When I remember Of your sweet kindness I will not forget you Until life is gone List of numbers from one to ten in English , Tagalog and Pangasinan Cardinal numbers: Ordinal numbers: Ordinal numbers are formed with

1272-439: Is the patis; it can be harvested once it has developed its characteristic smell. It is drained, pasteurized , and bottled separately, while the residue is turned into bagoong. If the residual solids are not moist enough, brine is usually added. The rate of fermentation can vary depending on the pH levels of the mixture and the temperature . Exposure to sunlight can also reduce the amount of time required to two months. Over

1325-563: Is very closely related to the Ibaloi language spoken in the neighboring province of Benguet , located north of Pangasinan. Pangasinan is classified under the Pangasinic group of languages. The other Pangasinic languages are: Pangasinan is the official language of the province of Pangasinan, located on the west central area of the island of Luzon along Lingayen Gulf . The people of Pangasinan are also referred to as Pangasinense. The province has

1378-456: Is within the compound of a private property. Pangasinan National High School , erstwhile known as Pangasinan Academic High School, was the first public secondary school in Pangasinan. In 1946, the North and South Gabaldon buildings were constructed within the school campus. And now it is considered as the mother school in entire Pangasinan. Thousands of students are enrolled in this school. And due to

1431-561: The Spanish colonial period. Pangasinan literature , using the indigenous syllabary and the Latin alphabet, continued to flourish during the Spanish and American colonial period. Pangasinan acquired many Spanish and English words, and some indigenous words were Hispanicized or Anglicized. However, use of the ancient syllabary has declined, and not much literature written in it has survived. Most of

1484-564: The second congressional district of the province of Pangasinan , is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years. Lingayen is divided in three school districts: I, II and III. Lingayen I: Lingayen II: Lingayen III: The municipality

1537-575: The 26 letters of the basic Latin alphabet and the Pangasinan digraph ng : The ancient people of Pangasinan used an indigenous writing system called Kuritan. The ancient Pangasinan script, which is related to the Tagalog Baybayin script, was derived from the Javanese Kawi script of Indonesia and the Vatteluttu or Pallava script of South India . The Latin script was introduced during

1590-691: The K-12 Program it also offer courses for Senior High School students. The school has several buildings for the Senior High School. Malong Building is named after a Pangasinense hero named Andres Malong who led the revolt against the Spaniards from 1660 to 1661. Construction of the building started in 1956 and completed in 1958. It got a major renovation in 2008, the same year the Pangasinan Provincial Capitol Building had undergone

1643-747: The Limahong Channel Tourism Center located at Lingayen BayWalk beside Agno River, the center will have its own river cruise, tourism building center and river esplanade that is under construction and is set to commence its opening of Phase 1 in January 2021, while the Phase 2 and 3 of the tourism center awaits funding. It also has two parks: the Town Park also known as Plaza de Lingayen and the Capitol Grounds. The town celebrates its Town Fiesta in honor of

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1696-592: The Pangasinense rebels from 1762 to 1764 against the Spaniards. Sison Auditorium was built in Neo-classical Style, and was constructed in 1927. It was initially known as the “Grand Provincial Auditorium” in the 1930s was the popular venue for zarzuelas and other cultural performances in pre-war and early post-war period. It was later renamed after former Governor Teofilo Sison, the first Pangasinense to become secretary of National Defense. In 2010, it had undergone

1749-458: The Spanish word reloj 'clock' would have been heard as [re.loh] , the final /h/ is dropped resulting in /re.lo/ . However, this word also may have entered the Pangasinan lexicon at early enough a time that the word was still pronounced /re.loʒ/ , with the j pronounced as in French , resulting in /re.los/ in Pangasinan. As a result, both /re.lo/ and /re.los/ occur. The glottal stop /ʔ/

1802-780: The Three Kings Parish Church and the Municipal Hall. The American one built near Lingayen Gulf consists of many provincial government buildings including the Provincial Capitol and Urduja House, all located in the Capitol Grounds. The municipality has many attractions: Lingayen Beach, the Provincial Capitol, Urduja House, the World War II Memorabilia Ground Site, Sison Auditorium, the Narciso Ramos Sports Complex and Civic Center and

1855-466: The Three Kings every first Friday, Saturday & Sunday of January; also celebrates "Bagoong Festival" to promote the main product of the town, happens a week after the town fiesta celebration; and joins to celebrate Pista'y Dayat (Beach Festival) which is being celebrated in the entire province of Pangasinan. Heritage structures abound in the city of Lingayen: Pangasinan Provincial Capitol Building

1908-570: The centuries, people unfamiliar with bagoong have given it a reputation as an "exotic" dish, portraying in a positive or negative light, depending on the point of view of the writer. For example, one early description was Spanish colonial official Antonio de Morga , whose book Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (Events in the Philippine Isles) included a description of bagoong as "fish which ... has started to rot and stink." This later prompted preeminent Philippine nationalist Jose Rizal to denounce

1961-684: The guerrillas burned the bridge at Baay, Lingayen when the Japanese forces started conducting their mopping operations the same day. On January 9, 1945, Lingayen was where the Allied armies landed during the Invasion of Lingayen Gulf after the guerrillas have informed MacArthur that the Japanese had only a small presence in the area, giving the impression of being a safe place for the American incoming landing. Its long beach served as runway for several attack planes. It

2014-560: The language flourished during the Spanish and American period. Writers like Juan Saingan, Felipe Quintos, Narciso Corpus, Antonio Solis, Juan Villamil, Juan Mejía and María C. Magsano wrote and published in Pangasinan. Felipe Quintos, a Pangasinan officer of the Katipunan, wrote Sipi Awaray: Gelew Diad Pilipinas ( Revolución Filipina ) , a history of the Katipunan revolutionary struggle in Pangasinan and surrounding provinces. Narciso Corpus and Antonio Solis co-wrote Impanbilay na Manoc

2067-417: The largest with 7.80 hectares. Lingayen poblacion has two portions, architecturally and culturally different from each other: Spanish and American because of the large influence of both two major colonizers. The older portion influenced by Spanish is located in the southern part. The infrastructure that the Spanish planned was all town buildings face each other around a town plaza. The buildings include

2120-1238: The loan words in Pangasinan are Spanish , as the Philippines was ruled by Spain for more than 300 years. Examples are lugar ('place'), podir (from poder , 'power, care'), kontra (from contra , 'against'), birdi ( verde , 'green'), ispiritu ( espíritu , 'spirit'), and santo ('holy, saint'). Malinac ya Labi (original by Julian Velasco). Malinac ya Labi Oras ya mareen Mapalpalnay dagem Katekep to’y linaew Samit day kogip ko Binangonan kon tampol Ta pilit na pusok ya sika'y amamayoen Lalo la no bilay No sikalay nanengneng Napunas ya ami'y Ermen ya akbibiten No nodnonoten ko ra'y samit na ogalim Agtaka nalingwanan Anggad kaayos na bilay Modern Pangasinan with English translation Malinak lay Labi Oras la’y mareen Mapalpalna’y dagem Katekep to’y linaew Samit da’y kugip ko Binangonan kon tampol Lapu’d say limgas mo Sikan sika’y amamayoen Lalo la bilay No sika la’y nanengne'ng Napunas lan amin So ermen ya akbibiten No nanonotan Ko la'y samit day ugalim Ag ta ka nalingwanan Angga’d kauyos na bilay A night of calm An hour of peace A gentle breeze Along with it

2173-477: The open-mid variants [ɛ]/[ɔ] occur in open and closed final syllables before a pause. The default variants [ɪ]/[ʊ] occur in all other environments. Some speakers have /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ as distinct phonemes, but only in loanwords. Pangasinan is one of the Philippine languages that do not exhibit [ ɾ ]-[d] allophony, they only contrast before consonants and word-final positions; otherwise, they become allophones where [d]

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2226-409: The prefix kuma- ( ka- plus infix -um ). Example: kumadua , 'second'. Associative numbers: Associative numbers are formed with the prefix ka- . Example: katlo , 'third of a group of three'. Fractions: Fraction numbers are formed with the prefix ka- and an associative number. Example: kakatlo , 'third part'. Multiplicatives: Multiplicative ordinal numbers are formed with

2279-554: The prefix pi- and a cardinal number from two to four or pin- for other numbers except for number one. Example: kaisa , 'first time'; pidua , 'second time'; pinlima , 'fifth time'. Multiplicative cardinal numbers are formed with the prefix man- ( mami- or mamin- for present or future tense, and ami- or amin- for the past tense) to the corresponding multiplicative ordinal number. Example: aminsan , 'once'; amidua , 'twice'; mamitlo , 'thrice'. Distributives: Distributive cardinal numbers are formed with

2332-532: The prefixes san- , tag- , or tunggal and a cardinal number. Example: sansakey , 'one each'; sanderua , 'two each'. Distributive multiplicative numbers are formed with the prefixes magsi- , tunggal , or balangsakey and a multiplicative cardinal number. Example: tunggal pamidua , 'twice each'; magsi-pamidua , 'each twice'. The following is a list of some dictionaries and references: Bagoong Bagoóng ( Tagalog pronunciation: [bɐɡuˈʔoŋ] ; buh-goo- ONG )

2385-454: The present time the town bears its name as Lingayen. Lingayen became the capital of Pangasinan when the province became an encomienda . During World War II, Lingayen was invaded by the Japanese forces as one of the main targets due to being a gateway to the central plains of Central Luzon to race for the capital of Manila. During the occupation, Lingayen was a hotspot of US-sponsored guerrillas under Russell Volckmann . On November 22, 1942,

2438-573: The print and broadcast media, Internet, local governments, courts, public facilities and schools in Pangasinan. In April 2006, the creation of Pangasinan Misplaced Pages was proposed, which the Wikimedia Foundation approved for publication on the Internet. Pangasinan has the following vowel phonemes: In native vocabulary, /i/ and /u/ are realized as [i ~ ɪ ~ ɛ] and [u ~ ʊ ~ ɔ]. The close variants [i]/[u] are only used in stressed open syllables, while

2491-424: The shrimp are then mixed with salt in a 25% salt to 75% shrimp ratio by weight. The products of the fermentation process are usually pale gray to white in color. To obtain the characteristic red or pink color of some bagoong, a kind of food coloring known as angkak is added. Angkak is made from rice inoculated with a species of red mold ( Monascus purpureus ). High-quality salt with little mineral impurities

2544-583: The southern barangays where vast, long stretch of pasture lands can be found. The major fishing ground is Lingayen Gulf within the municipal territorial waters of fifteen (15) kilometers from the shoreline classified as the municipal fishing ground. Fisheries can be found in every barangay. Other major industries include making of world-class bagoong (also known as "maniboc" : referring to its place of origin, Barangay Maniboc ) and bocayo (sweetened coconut), vinegar , furnitures , crafts made of bamboo , and shingles made of nipa . Its bagoong shrimp paste

2597-766: The total land area of the municipality. Corn come next with 341.50 hectares/ 5.11%, with peanut comes third with 136.6 hectares/2.04% while the rest of about 253.225 hectares or 3.78% is planted to different crops such as mongo , camote , eggplant , and other crops. Information gathered from the Office of the Municipal Agricultural Officer, shows that in year 2000 there were 5,282 head of swine , 2,762 head of cattle , 756 head of carabao , 1,520 head of sheep and goat combined, 44,000 head of poultry (commercial broilers) , and 43,875 heads of poultry (native chickens) . There are two types of fishery operation in

2650-405: The town depending on the type of water which supplies the fishery: brackish water and freshwater . Brackish fisheries have a bigger land area than freshwater with a land area of 1,419.18 hectares. These fisheries can be found in 28 barangays with Baay being the largest with 157 hectares. Freshwater fisheries have a land area of about 38.82 hectares and are located in ten barangays. Namolan have

2703-443: The town of Balayan, Batangas is also known as bagoong Balayan . Vegan Bagoong Alamang is a type of fermented Philippine condiments abstaining from animal product . Instead, squash, morinaga and other vegetables are used. Bagoong isda is prepared by mixing salt and fish usually by volume; mixture proportions are proprietary depending on the manufacturer. The salt and fish are mixed uniformly, usually by hand. The mixture

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2756-408: Was a strategic point during World War II . It is also the birthplace of former President Fidel V. Ramos . The Augustinian missionaries and the Spanish conquistadores drew a plan of Lingayen in 1614 and Lingayen was founded. The founders named the town Lingayen at the suggestion of natives themselves, due to a certain corpulent tamarind tree growing on the present town plaza at that time. The tree

2809-510: Was exceptionally big, tall, and spreading; that the surrounding trees were just drafts in comparison. Passers-by developed the habit of looking back and back again at this corpulent tree until it would vanish from their rear view. When they arrived home and were asked what way they took in returning they would simply say "through Liñgayen". The word "Liñgayen" was from the Pangasinan language word "lingawen" meaning " to look back". Since then up to

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