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35-676: The meaning of the name has changed since over time. During the gold rush and into the later 19th Century, the term Lillooet District was synonymous with the Lillooet Mining District and also the Lillooet Land District , which spanned east of the Fraser all the way to the North Thompson River . As development of that region proceeded the sense of "Lillooet District" for that area was abandoned, except in terms of reference to

70-488: A State , argues that all maps, but particularly cadastral maps, are designed to make local situations legible to an outsider, and in doing so, enable states to collect data on their subjects. He sees the origins of this in Early Modern Europe , where taxation became more complex. Cadastral maps, he argues, are always a great simplification, but they in themselves help change reality. Cadastral documentation comprises

105-547: A means of more precise tax assessment. A cadastral map is a map that shows the boundaries and ownership of land parcels. Some cadastral maps show additional details, such as survey district names, unique identifying numbers for parcels, certificate of title numbers, positions of existing structures, section or lot numbers and their respective areas, adjoining and adjacent street names, selected boundary dimensions and references to prior maps. James C. Scott , in Seeing Like

140-593: A tight framework of legislation'. With the view of assessing transaction costs, a European project: Modelling real property transactions (2001–2005) charted procedures for the transfer of ownership and other rights in land and buildings. Cadastral documentation is described, e.g. for Finland as follows '8. Surveyor draws up cadastral map and cadastral documents … 10. Surveyor sends cadastral documents to cadastral authority.' In Australia, similar activities are referred to as 'lodgement of plans of subdivision at land titles offices' Cadastre management has been used by

175-444: A title register. The International Federation of Surveyors defines cadastre as follows: A Cadastre is normally a parcel-based, and up-to-date land information system containing a record of interests in land (e.g. rights, restrictions and responsibilities). It usually includes a geometric description of land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of the interests, the ownership or control of those interests, and often

210-403: Is a comprehensive recording of the real estate or real property 's metes-and-bounds of a country. Often it is represented graphically in a cadastral map . In most countries, legal systems have developed around the original administrative systems and use the cadastre to define the dimensions and location of land parcels described in legal documentation. A land parcel or cadastral parcel

245-445: Is a significant part of the scenario. The cadastre is a fundamental source of data in disputes and lawsuits between landowners. Land registration and cadastre are both types of land recording and complement each other. By clearly assigning property rights and demarcating land, cadasters have been attributed with strengthening state fiscal capacity and economic growth. The word cadastre came into English through French from

280-457: Is defined as "a continuous area, or more appropriately volume, that is identified by a unique set of homogeneous property rights". Cadastral surveys document the boundaries of land ownership, by the production of documents, diagrams, sketches, plans ( plats in the US), charts, and maps. They were originally used to ensure reliable facts for land valuation and taxation. An example from early England

315-643: Is the Domesday Book in 1086. Napoleon established a comprehensive cadastral system for France that is regarded as the forerunner of most modern versions. Cadastral survey information is often a base element in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or Land Information Systems (LIS) used to assess and manage land and built infrastructure. Such systems are also employed on a variety of other tasks, for example, to track long-term changes over time for geological or ecological studies, where land tenure

350-649: The Cariboo Land District east along the 52nd parallel north to approximately 120 degrees, 33 minutes west longitude, crossing BC Hwy 97 at the Begbie Summit . From there, south along that longitude, passing between Canim Lake and Mahood Lake , bisecting Bonaparte Lake , to 51 degrees 2 minutes north latitude, just northwest of Silwhoiakun Mountain , then west to 51 degrees 4 minutes latitude, between Loon Lake (British Columbia) and Hihium Lake , with deviances north and south around parcels of land. From there,

385-493: The Greek katástikhon ( κατάστιχον ), a list or register, from katà stíkhon ( κατὰ στίχον )—literally, "(organised) line by line". A cadastre commonly includes details of the ownership , the tenure , the precise location, the dimensions (and area), the cultivations if rural, and the value of individual parcels of land. Cadastres are used by many nations around the world, some in conjunction with other records, such as

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420-637: The Tithe Commission . In the United States , cadastral survey within the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) maintains records of all public lands . Such surveys often require detailed investigation of the history of land use, legal accounts, and other documents. The Public Lands Survey System is a cadastral survey of the United States originating in legislation from 1785, after international recognition of

455-580: The Bridge River, plus the communities of D'Arcy, McGillivray Falls, Seton Portage and Shalalth are collectively known as the Bridge River Country , which is a subarea of the Lillooet Country. After the 1930s the term "Bridge River-Lillooet" came into currency as a result of the chosen masthead of the fledgling Bridge River-Lillooet News , which served the town and environs of Lillooet as well as

490-639: The Land District or the similarly shaped electoral district. The original Lillooet Country, or "Old Lillooet", lies in the valley of the Lillooet River, the name of which is derived from the St'at'imcets-speaking First Nations people who live there, the Lil'wat-ul . This isolated region, long dependent on Lillooet and on the old Douglas Road and Pemberton Trail routes to the outside world, continued being considered part of

525-409: The Lillooet Country until after the opening of Hwy 99 from Pemberton via Squamish to North Vancouver, since which time it has slowly become more identified with the modern-era Sea to Sky Corridor . Though largely not considered as "part of the Lillooet Country" nowadays, the Lillooet River valley is the namesake and origin of the concept of the Lillooet Country. Its point-of-access in gold rush times

560-473: The Lillooet River valley to its west was the historic core and namesake of the district. Similarly, the entrance to the Bridge River Country via Railroad Pass (aka Railway Pass) between the upper Hurley River and the upper valley of the Lillooet River is a recognizable regional demarcator for locals. A vague distinction is made between the Bridge River Country and "metropolitan Lillooet" such that

595-564: The United States. The Dominion Land Survey is a similar cadastral survey conducted in Western Canada, begun in 1871 after the creation of the Dominion of Canada in 1867. Both cadastral surveys are made relative to principal meridian and baselines . These cadastral surveys divided the surveyed areas into townships . Some much earlier surveys in Ohio created 25 square mile townships when the design of

630-500: The boundary follows land parcel boundaries in a jagged curving line to 50 degrees 45 minutes north latitude at 121 degrees 46 west longitude, just northwest of the summit of Chipuin Mountain , to 50 degrees 34 121 degrees 45 west. From there, via another jagged arc around land to cross the Fraser in the area of Fountainview Farm and Foster Bar to 50 degrees 31 minutes north latitude at 121 degrees 48 minutes west longitude. From that point

665-720: The boundary follows the divide between the Cayoosh Creek and Stein River basins, and that between the Stein basin and that of the Lillooet River , to a point at the western end of the icefields on the Mount Skook Jim massif at 50 degrees 7 minutes north, 122 degrees 15 minutes west, then west, crossing the Lillooet River drainage between Lillooet Lake and Little Lillooet Lake to 50 degrees 7 minutes north, 122 38 degrees west, and following

700-643: The boundary of the initial Lillooet riding for the provincial Legislature from 1871, when the colony became a province. In addition to use in descriptions of land titles and lot surveys, the Land District was also the basis of the Lillooet Mining District. Included in the Land District are the historical region known as the Lillooet Country , including the Pemberton Valley , and the southeast Chilcotin and South Cariboo areas. Major landforms in

735-471: The conventional cadastre concept include the 3D cadastre , considering the vertical domain; and the multipurpose cadastre , considering non-parcel data. According to the UN Economic Commission for Europe , a " Marine Cadastre describes the location and spatial extent of rights, restrictions and responsibilities in the marine environment". Marine cadastres apply the same governance principles to

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770-467: The documentary materials submitted to cadastre or land administration offices for renewal of cadastral recordings. Cadastral documentation is kept in paper and/or electronic form. Jurisdiction statutes and further provisions specify the content and form of the documentation, as well as the person(s) authorized to prepare and sign the documentation, including concerned parties (owner, etc.), licensed surveyors and legal advisors. The office concerned reviews

805-563: The extent of land rather than using more precise surveys. Only in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries did the use of cadastral maps resume, beginning in the Netherlands. With the emergence of capitalism in Renaissance Europe, the need for cadastral maps reemerged as a tool to determine and express control of land as a means of production. This took place first privately in land disputes and later spread to governmental practice as

840-674: The land district include the Pemberton Icecap and the Lillooet Icecap . Municipalities within the land district are Pemberton , Lillooet , 100 Mile House and Clinton . Other communities include D'Arcy , Shalalth , Seton Portage , Fountain , Pavilion , Gold Bridge , Bralorne , Jesmond , and 70 Mile House . To the south, the Lillooet Land District borders with the New Westminster Land District , on

875-612: The lower few miles of the Bridge River, being effectively part of Greater Lillooet, are considered "Lillooet", whereas above that is "in the Bridge River". Lillooet Land District The Lillooet Land District is one of the 59 cadastral subdivisions of British Columbia, which were created by the Lands Act of the Colony of British Columbia in 1859, defined as "a territorial division with legally defined boundaries for administrative purposes". The land district's boundaries came to be used as

910-643: The mining towns of the upper Bridge River. The Lillooet Country's boundaries are loosely defined but recognizable to residents of the area. On the northeast, the edge of the Lillooet Country is marked by the summit of the Pavilion Mountain Road and the nearby eastern outlet of Marble Canyon . Down the Fraser Canyon, a spot known as the Big Slide on Highway 12 , or the southern outlet of Fountain Valley , form

945-622: The mountain ridges to 50 degrees 14 minutes north at 122 degrees 45 minutes west, just southwest of the summit of Mount Currie . West along that latitude, the boundary deviates south slightly in the area of the Soo Valley such that surveys in that area are in the Lillooet Land District, and then continues west to the point just north of the head of Jervis Inlet. 51°10′00″N 122°30′00″W  /  51.16667°N 122.50000°W  / 51.16667; -122.50000  ( Lillooet Land District ) Cadastre A cadastre or cadaster

980-528: The software industry since at least 2005. It mainly refers to the use of technology for management of cadastre and land information in geographic information systems , spatial data infrastructures and software architecture , rather than to general management issues of cadastral and other land information agencies. In 1836, Colonel Robert Dawson of the Royal Engineers proposed that a cadastre be implemented in light of his experiences as on secondment to

1015-445: The southwest boundary. On the northwest generally everything north to Churn Creek and Big Bar Ferry is considered to be Lillooet Country. On the west, generally the summit of Cayoosh Pass on Highway 99 near Duffey Lake is recognizable as a "border" of the "modern" meaning of the Lillooet Country. Similarly, Pemberton Pass at Birken Lake is considered to be the outer boundary of the "modern" Lillooet Country, though as noted

1050-523: The state lands which the Emperor Augustus had given to the soldiers of Legion II Gallica, but which for some years had been occupied by private individuals, ordered a survey map to be set up with a record on each 'century' of the annual rental". In this way Vespasian was able to reimpose taxation formerly uncollected on these lands. With the fall of Rome, the use of cadastral maps effectively discontinued. Medieval practice used written descriptions of

1085-718: The submitted information; if the documentation does not comply with stated provisions, the office may set a deadline for the applicant to submit complete documentation. The concept of cadastral documentation emerged late in the English language, as the institution of cadastre developed outside English-speaking countries. In a Danish textbook, one out of fifteen chapters regards the form and content of documents concerning subdivision and other land matters. Early textbooks of international scope focused on recordings in terms of land registration and technical aspects of cadastral survey , yet note that 'cadastral surveying has been carried out within

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1120-713: The system was being explored. Later, the design became square land areas of approximately 36 square miles (six miles by six miles). These townships are divided into sections , each approximately one-mile square. Unlike in Europe, this cadastral survey largely preceded settlement and as a result greatly influenced settlement patterns. Properties are generally rectangular, boundary lines often run on cardinal bearings, and parcel dimensions are often in fractions or multiples of chains . Land descriptions in Western North America are principally based on these land surveys. Extensions of

1155-516: The value of the parcel and its improvements. Some of the earliest cadastres were ordered by Roman Emperors to recover state owned lands that had been appropriated by private individuals, and thereby recover income from such holdings. One such cadastre was done in AD 77 in Campania, a surviving stone marker of the survey reads "The Emperor Vespasian , in the eighth year of his tribunician power, so as to restore

1190-596: The west with the Sayward Land District and Coast Land District Range 1 , on the north with the Cariboo Land District , and on the east and southeast, the Kamloops Division, Yale Land District . Starting at a point just north of the head of Jervis Inlet , at 50 degrees 13 minutes north latitude, 124 degrees west longitude, north to 52 degrees north latitude, 124 degrees west longitude, then, with some small deviances south around parcels of land that are part of

1225-535: Was Port Lillooet, British Columbia , at the south end of Lillooet Lake . Also part of the Lillooet Country are the valleys between those of the Fraser and the Lillooet Rivers, namely the valleys of the Bridge River, Birkenhead River, Cayoosh Creek and Seton Lake-Anderson Lake-Gates River valley, which is the route of the Canadian National Railway (formerly PGE/BCR) through the district. The basin of

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