Lennox Elementary School District is a public school district based in Lennox , an unincorporated area in Los Angeles County, California , United States .
51-498: The district serves a few sections of Hawthorne . The district was established in 1910. In 1985 97% of the students in the district were of ethnic groups other than non-Hispanic white. That year, Los Angeles County education superintendent Stuart E. Gothold stated that the district had been "finding innovative ways to adjust to rapidly changing pupil populations". In 1985 Bob Williams of the Los Angeles Times cited employees of
102-558: A distance of only 29 miles (47 km), for $ 4.00, a group of cyclists did the same journey in one and a half hours, compared to two and a half hours by plane (including a drive to the airport from West Hollywood 90 minutes in advance of the flight and travel time to the end destination). There was also some debate about whether the Los Angeles area could benefit from car-free weekends regularly. The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority then had full closure of
153-434: A high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane and associated changes to freeway entrances, exits, and underpasses along a 10-mile (16 km) stretch through Sepulveda Pass between I-10 and US 101/Ventura Boulevard. The project was completed as a design–build in contrast to the traditional design–bid–build used typically in infrastructure improvement. This section of I-405 was closed for a weekend in mid-July 2011 to demolish
204-690: A 10-mile (16 km) stretch of I-405 on the weekend of September 29–30, 2012, while construction crews worked to demolish a portion of the Mulholland Bridge. Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles , used the closure of I-405 to study particulate matter air pollution. The researchers took air samples before, during, and after the closure. The researchers found an 83-percent reduction in ultrafine particles , 55-percent reduction in fine particle matter, and 62-percent less black carbon . The $ 1-billion Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project added
255-415: A decision was made to name the small village after him. Hawthorne was once a "whites only" settlement, commonly called a sundown town . During the 1930s, signs warned African-Americans to be out of Hawthorne by sundown. To the north of Hawthorne is the unincorporated community of Lennox and the city of Inglewood . To the east is the unincorporated community of Athens and the city of Gardena . To
306-420: A median household income of $ 44,649, with 19.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line. As of the census of 2000, there were 84,112 people in 28,536 households, including 19,775 families, in the city. The population density was 13,879.4 inhabitants per square mile (5,358.9/km ). There were 29,629 housing units at an average density of 4,889.1 per square mile (1,887.7/km ). The racial makeup of
357-428: A median income of $ 29,481 versus $ 27,427 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,022. About 18.4% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.6% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over. Mexican (27.1%) and Filipino (2.6%) are the most common ancestries in the city. Mexico (45.1%) and Guatemala (9.3%) are the most common foreign places of birth in
408-803: Is a charter high school in Hawthorne associated with the Hawthorne School District. The Hawthorne Press Tribune is the community newspaper for the City of Hawthorne. The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Curtis Tucker Health Center in Inglewood , serving Hawthorne. The United States Postal Service Hawthorne Post Office is located at 12700 Inglewood Avenue. Interstate 405 (California) Interstate 405 ( I-405 , locally referred to as The 405 )
459-611: Is a major north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway in Southern California . The entire route is known as the northern segment of the San Diego Freeway . I-405 is a bypass auxiliary route of I-5 , running along the southern and western parts of the Greater Los Angeles urban area from Irvine in the south to Sylmar in the north. I-405, heavily traveled by both commuters and freight haulers along its entire length,
510-710: Is estimated to increase by 35 percent and travel times reduced by 75 percent. The freeway's West Los Angeles section is the subject of annual gridlock photos and videos taken during the Thanksgiving holiday weekend, most often from an aerial view. Another parallel freeway was proposed to connect the valley and basin (the Laurel Canyon Freeway or La Cienega Freeway ) but has faced upper-class and NIMBY homeowner opposition. Despite four years of construction disruptions and billions of dollars of public money, Los Angeles Times commentary claims traffic with
561-515: Is five miles (8 km) from the Los Angeles International Airport . Hawthorne comprises ZIP codes 90250 and 90251. It is in the 310 area code , except for a small portion of northeastern Hawthorne, which is located in the 323 area code . Hawthorne, like the rest of the Los Angeles basin, has a Mediterranean climate: Hawthorne has a Mediterranean climate or dry-summer subtropical ( Köppen climate classification Csb on
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#1732927399815612-766: Is located in Carson between the Avalon Boulevard and Main Street exits. The freeway then intersects with I-110 as it briefly reenters the city of Los Angeles by passing through the Harbor Gateway , a strip of land connecting San Pedro to the rest of the city. I-405 then continues to roughly parallel the contour of the coastline as it passes through the South Bay communities of Torrance , Lawndale , Redondo Beach , Hawthorne , and El Segundo . The freeway then encounters I-105 on
663-603: Is part of a seventeen-city region commonly called the South Bay . As of the 2020 US census , Hawthorne had a population of 88,083. Hawthorne was once part of the Rancho Sausal Redondo (Round Willow-grove Ranch) of the 22,458-acre (91 km ) Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California given in 1837 to Antonio Ygnacio Ávila by Juan Alvarado the Mexican Governments Governor of Alta California . Rancho Sausal Redondo covered
714-856: Is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System and is part of the National Highway System , a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration . The entire freeway is known as the San Diego Freeway, and parts of it are less commonly known as the Sepulveda Freeway (after Sepulveda Boulevard ). High-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes along I-405 between SR 73 in Costa Mesa and
765-607: Is the busiest and most congested freeway in the United States. The freeway's annual average daily traffic between exits 21 and 22 in Seal Beach reached 374,000 in 2008, making it the highest count in the nation. It has played a crucial role in the development of dozens of cities and suburbs along its route through Los Angeles and Orange counties. It also serves Los Angeles International Airport , Long Beach Airport , and Orange County's John Wayne Airport . I-405 begins at
816-471: Is the busiest freeway in California. The freeway's congestion problems have led to jokes that the road was numbered 405 because traffic moves at "four or five" miles per hour (6.4 or 8.0 km/h), or because drivers had spent "four or five" hours to travel anywhere. Indeed, average speeds as low as 5 mph (8.0 km/h) are routinely recorded during morning and afternoon commutes, and its interchanges with
867-591: The 62nd Assembly District , represented by Democrat Anthony Rendon . In the United States House of Representatives , Hawthorne is in California's 43rd congressional district , represented by Democrat Maxine Waters . Hawthorne is served by multiple school districts. Schools that include portions of Hawthorne include: In addition Los Angeles County Office of Education operates Southwest Day (5th-12th grade). Hawthorne Math and Science Academy
918-677: The El Toro Y interchange in southeastern Irvine in Orange County , splitting from its parent I-5 and inheriting that route's San Diego Freeway title; I-5 continues north as the Santa Ana Freeway . The freeway passes immediately south of the Irvine Spectrum Center mall before intersecting with State Route 133 (SR 133). It then continues through Irvine, passing north of the University of California, Irvine , and then along
969-538: The Mulholland Drive Bridge , and a 10-mile (16 km) section was closed for the last weekend of September 2012. Jamzilla was the name for the I-405 closure on Presidents' Day weekend 2014. There were lane closures and complete closures on I-405 starting February 14 at 10:00 pm until February 18 at 6:00 am to pave and restripe the northbound lanes. On May 23, 2014, the 10-mile (16 km) HOV lane
1020-635: The Orange – Los Angeles county line opened on December 1, 2023. This was part of the I-405 Improvement Project that started construction in March 2018. The project included converting the existing high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes , with them closing in November to test the tolling equipment. In addition, two lanes in each direction were added in each direction, one toll lane and one general purpose lane, making
1071-563: The Ventura Freeway ( US 101 ) and with the Santa Monica Freeway ( I-10 ) each consistently rank among the five most congested freeway interchanges in the US. As a result of these congestion problems, delays passing through the entirety of Greater Los Angeles using this bypass route instead of merely using the primary route I-5 through Downtown Los Angeles may be present. I-405 is
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#17329273998151122-502: The HOT lanes is required to carry a FasTrak Flex transponder, with its switch set to indicate the number of the vehicle's occupants (1, 2, or 3 or more). Solo drivers may also use the FasTrak standard tag without the switch. Drivers without any FasTrak tag will be assessed a toll violation regardless of whether they qualified for free. The freeway is one of the busiest freeways in the nation and
1173-591: The Marina Freeway. It serves the Los Angeles neighborhoods of Mar Vista and West Los Angeles while passing a few miles east of Santa Monica , intersecting with I-10 in the process. The freeway continues into Westwood , passing just to the west of University of California, Los Angeles . It then passes the Getty Center as it ascends Sepulveda Pass through the Santa Monica Mountains . After cresting
1224-404: The area that now includes Playa Del Rey , El Segundo , Manhattan Beach , Lawndale , Hermosa Beach , Inglewood , Hawthorne, and Redondo Beach . Hawthorne was founded in 1905 as the "Hawthorne Improvement Company" by real estate developers B.L. Harding and H.D. Lombard. Harding's daughter shared her birthday—July 4, American Independence Day—with New England author Nathaniel Hawthorne , and
1275-549: The city was 29.3% White, 39.0% Black or African American, 0.8% Native American, 7.7% Asian, 0.9% Pacific Islander, 24.2% from other races, and 5.2% from two or more races. 44.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 28,536 households, 43.7% included children under the age of 18, 38.6% were married couples living together, 23.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. Of all households 24.5% were one person and 4.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size
1326-533: The city's most recent "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report," its various funds had $ 126.1 million in revenues, $ 113.2 million in expenditures, $ 220.2 million in total assets, $ 152.7 million in total liabilities, and $ 29.6 million in cash and investments. The city manager is Vontray Norris. In the California State Legislature , Hawthorne is in the 35th Senate District , represented by Democrat Steven Bradford , and in
1377-408: The city. In 2022, Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority 's Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count counted 173 homeless individuals in Hawthorne. As of 2022 the city is known as a center for the space industry and hosts numerous space related private companies, industries and startups. The relatively large number of aerospace engineers and technicians, history of established aerospace companies, and
1428-706: The coast, Csa inland), enjoying plenty of sunshine throughout the year, with an average of 263 sunshine days and only 35 days with measurable precipitation annually. At the 2010 census Hawthorne had a population of 84,293. The population density was 13,835.7 inhabitants per square mile (5,342.0/km ). The racial makeup of Hawthorne was 27,678 (32.8%) White (10.3% Non-Hispanic White), 23,385 (27.7%) African American, 565 (0.7%) Native American, 5,642 (6.7%) Asian, 974 (1.2%) Pacific Islander, 22,127 (26.3%) from other races, and 3,922 (4.7%) from two or more races. There were 44,572 people of Hispanic or Latino origin, of any race (52.9%). The census reported that 83,754 people (99.4% of
1479-614: The first section opening in 1958; The final section of I-405, 8 miles (13 km) leading to I-5 in Irvine, was dedicated on December 6, 1968, and opened to traffic in January 1969. A section of I-405 was closed over the weekend of Friday, July 15, 2011, as part of the Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project. Before the closing, local radio DJs and television newscasts referred to it as "Carmageddon" and "Carpocalypse", parodying
1530-474: The first section, mostly north of Los Angeles International Airport , which was completed in 1961 and initially signed as SR 7. The 5.7-mile (9.2 km) section through Sepulveda Pass was dedicated on December 21, 1962, and cost $ 20 million to construct. It was designed with a maximum grade of 5.5 percent and required the relocation of Sepulveda Boulevard and the Mulholland Highway , which
1581-642: The governments of Los Angeles County and the State of California and referred to the district as "one of the gems in California’s school system" based on the testimonies of those employees. Lower secondary: Primary: Other: This California school-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hawthorne, California Hawthorne is a city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area , located in southwestern Los Angeles County, California . It
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1632-470: The households, 7,125 (25.0%) were one person and 1,430 (5.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.94. There were 19,559 families (68.7% of households); the average family size was 3.54. The age distribution was 23,157 people (27.5%) under the age of 18, 9,487 people (11.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,035 people (32.1%) aged 25 to 44, 18,395 people (21.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,219 people (7.4%) who were 65 or older. The median age
1683-460: The lane expansions is actually just as bad or worse. Unlike some of the other major travel corridors in the region (such as I-5 which parallels the LOSSAN Corridor ), I-405 has no rail-based public transit which parallels it along the west side of Orange and Los Angeles counties. There is a proposal for a Sepulveda Transit Corridor which would parallel I-405 through Sepulveda Pass , one of
1734-616: The major bottlenecks on the route, which would ease congestion by providing an alternative to driving. I-405 was approved as a chargeable Interstate (in other words, an Interstate financed with federal funds) in 1955. The Division of Highways originally requested I-9 for the corridor, while the Santa Ana Freeway would be I-11; I-3 was later requested in April 1958 before the Division of Highways agreed to use I-405. Construction began in 1957 with
1785-647: The mountains, I-405 descends into the San Fernando Valley , intersecting US Route 101 (US 101) in the Sherman Oaks neighborhood of Los Angeles. The freeway then continues due north through the western part of the valley, passing east of Van Nuys Airport and California State University, Northridge . It intersects SR 118 in the Mission Hills area before ending in a merge with I-5 in Sylmar . I-405
1836-447: The north of California State University, Long Beach , and then along the south of Long Beach Airport . The freeway then intersects with I-710 before entering Carson (and crossing through a small sliver of the city of Los Angeles before reentering Carson). It passes near California State University, Dominguez Hills , and Dignity Health Sports Park , home of Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy . A weigh station for both directions
1887-693: The northeast along Imperial Highway with the unincorporated community of Westmont . The Century Freeway ( Glenn Anderson Freeway , I-105 ) runs along the northern boundary of Hawthorne, with the C Line light rail line running down the center of the Century Freeway. The San Diego Freeway ( I-405 ) runs along the western boundary of Hawthorne. Major east–west streets in Hawthorne include Rosecrans Avenue, El Segundo Boulevard, and Imperial Highway . Major north–south streets include Aviation Boulevard , Inglewood Avenue, Hawthorne Boulevard , Prairie Avenue, Crenshaw Boulevard , and Van Ness Avenue. Hawthorne
1938-584: The northern boundary of John Wayne Airport . After passing the airport, the freeway enters Costa Mesa and has an interchange with SR 55 . It passes South Coast Plaza before a partial interchange with SR 73 , which serves as a partially-tolled bypass of I-405 between Costa Mesa and Laguna Niguel . The freeway then travels through Fountain Valley and along the edges of Westminster and Huntington Beach before entering Seal Beach , where it begins to run concurrently with SR 22 . It continues along
1989-478: The northern edge of Seal Beach, passing between Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach and Joint Forces Training Base - Los Alamitos , before SR 22 splits from I-405 and continues west while the freeway turns north. I-405 then intersects the southern end of I-605 before crossing the San Gabriel River and entering Los Angeles County . I-405 enters Los Angeles County in the city of Long Beach . It passes to
2040-559: The notion of Armageddon and the Apocalypse , since it was anticipated that the closure would severely impact traffic. In reality, traffic was lighter than normal across a wide area. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) reported that fewer vehicles used the roads than usual, and those who did travel by road arrived more quickly than on a normal weekend. The Metrolink commuter train system recorded its highest-ever weekend ridership since it began operating in 1991. Ridership
2091-524: The only major north–south freeway in the densely populated areas between West Los Angeles and Downtown Los Angeles, crossing the Santa Monica Mountains and connecting the San Fernando Valley and the Los Angeles Basin . It is also a major connection for traffic en route to either the Port of Los Angeles , the Port of Long Beach , Los Angeles International Airport , or SoFi Stadium . By 2040, this corridor
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2142-544: The population) lived in households, 208 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 331 (0.4%) were institutionalized. There were 28,486 households, 12,330 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,833 (38.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,369 (22.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,357 (8.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,309 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 191 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . Of
2193-628: The presence of SpaceX has facilitated the development of space engineering industry cluster in the city. According to the city's 2021 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report , the top employers in the city are: Besides the current top employers, the following businesses are currently located in Hawthorne: Previously in Hawthorne: Hawthorne has an elected city council composed of a mayor elected every four years and four city council members elected on four year terms. According to
2244-413: The south is the unincorporated community of El Camino Village , and the cities of Lawndale and Redondo Beach . Manhattan Beach is at the southwest corner of Hawthorne. To the west is the city of El Segundo , and the Los Angeles neighborhood of Westchester is to the northwest of Hawthorne. Hawthorne surrounds the unincorporated community of Del Aire on three sides. It also shares a small border on
2295-602: The southeastern corner of Los Angeles International Airport . It passes to the east of the airport, serving it with exits at the Imperial Highway and Century Boulevard . I-405 next passes through Inglewood , coming near SoFi Stadium , home to the Los Angeles Rams and Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League . It then passes through Westchester and Culver City where it meets SR 90 ,
2346-746: The upgrade from five to seven lanes in each direction. As of December 2023 , the HOT lanes are a 24/7 service . Solo drivers are tolled using a congestion pricing system based on the real-time levels of traffic. For two-person carpools, they would be charged the posted toll during weekday peak hours between 6:00 am and 10:00 am and between 3:00 pm and 8:00 pm and weekend peak hours between 1:00 pm and 6:00 pm; no toll would charged during off-peak hours until 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 years after their opening. Carpools with three or more occupants are not charged. All tolls are collected using an open road tolling system, and therefore there are no toll booths to receive cash. Each vehicle using
2397-416: Was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.50. The age distribution was 31.7% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% 65 or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males. The median household income was $ 31,887 and the median family income was $ 35,149. Males had
2448-535: Was 31.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males. There were 29,869 housing units at an average density of 4,902.7 per square mile, of the occupied units 7,623 (26.8%) were owner-occupied and 20,863 (73.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 25,869 people (30.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 57,885 people (68.7%) lived in rental housing units. During 2009–2013, Hawthorne had
2499-620: Was 50 percent higher than the same weekend in 2010 and 10 percent higher than the previous weekend ridership record, which occurred during the U2 360° Tour in June 2011. The Los Angeles Times on Sunday, July 17, 2011, featured comments and images of people enjoying the moment next to the I-405 freeway with the free-flowing traffic. In response to JetBlue 's offer of special flights between Hollywood Burbank Airport in Burbank and Long Beach Airport ,
2550-417: Was moved 1.1 miles (1.8 km) to the south along a new 579-foot-long (176 m) bridge over the freeway. Additional sections west of Alameda Street were completed in 1962 and 1963, creating 41.8 miles (67.3 km) of continuous freeway. The highway was renumbered to I-405 during the 1964 state highway renumbering . The Orange County portion of the San Diego Freeway took 13 years to construct, with
2601-636: Was opened to traffic. Proposed changes between the Manchester and Century Boulevard interchanges in the city of Inglewood are to provide a new southbound onramp and a new northbound offramp for Arbor Vitae Street, to reconstruct and widened the Arbor Vitae Street over-bridge and replace the Century Boulevard overcrossing structure. This work would reduce congestion on the approach to Los Angeles International Airport . Caltrans has not yet issued
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