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53-460: Le Sud-Ouest is an amalgam of several neighbourhoods with highly distinct histories and identities, mainly with working-class and industrial origins, grouped around the Lachine Canal . These include Saint-Henri , Little Burgundy , and Griffintown to the north of the canal, and Ville-Émard , Côte-Saint-Paul , and Pointe-Saint-Charles to the south. Located southwest of downtown Montreal (hence

106-546: A canal that would allow ships to bypass the treacherous Lachine Rapids . After more than 130 years of failure, a consortium that included the young Scottish immigrant John Redpath was successful. John Richardson was Chairman of the Committee of Management of the canal project and its chief engineer was Thomas Brunett. The contractors were Thomas McKay and John Redpath , plus the firms of Thomas Phillips & Andrew White and Abner Bagg & Oliver Wait. The Lachine Canal

159-463: A hub for the city of Montreal. Although this switch did not initially affect the Lachine Canal region in a negative manner, factories were no longer dependent on the canal as an energy source. Industries now had the option of building further and further away from the canal itself, which was also helped by the development of a railway system throughout Montreal's industrial region. However, while

212-646: A large English-speaking Black community arose in Little Burgundy, attracted from the United States, other parts of Canada, and the Caribbean by jobs in the railways whose stations lay nearby; the area became famed for musical figures such as Oscar Peterson . The city of Montreal annexed the town of Saint-Henri in 1905, Sainte-Cunégonde (Little Burgundy) in 1906, and Côte-Saint-Paul and Ville-Émard in 1910. However, with vessels constantly growing and finally exceeding

265-457: A major port and eventually attracting industry to its banks when the Society of Sulpician Order decided to sell lots. During the 1840s, under Chief Engineer Charles Atherton , the Lachine Canal was deepened to allow heavier ships to pass through and hydraulic power was introduced to the industries on its banks. Through the enlargement of the canal, its use changed from solely a means of avoiding

318-626: A very heavy industrial neighbourhood, Pointe-Saint-Charles and Saint-Henri have become very up and coming districts. House values have skyrocketed and many real estate developers have turned the century-old industrial factories and warehouses, like that of Dominion Textiles (5524 Saint-Patrick, now Complexe Dompark ) & Simmons Bedding Company (4710 St-Ambroise, now Complexe Canal Lachine ) into loft buildings. Complexe Dompark recently celebrated its 100th anniversary and now houses more than 90 multimedia, fashion, publishing and service industry-based companies in custom designed lofts. The area around

371-529: Is a canal passing through the southwestern part of the Island of Montreal , Quebec, Canada , running 14.5 kilometres (9 miles) from the Old Port of Montreal to Lake Saint-Louis , through the boroughs of Lachine , Lasalle and Sud-Ouest . Before the canal construction there was a lake, Lac St-Pierre or Lac à la Loutre (Montréal)  [ fr ] or Petit Lac St-Pierre. The lake and its rivers can be seen on

424-785: Is home to the École de technologie supérieure technical university. This library, more than 100 years old, was the first French-language public library erected in Canada and is the oldest branch still in operation in the city. It was forced to close in 1918 after the First World War for budget reasons, but in 1947, thanks to the determination of Georges Vanier, it reopened as the Workman library. 45°27′21″N 73°35′33″W  /  45.45583°N 73.59250°W  / 45.45583; -73.59250  ( Le Sud-Ouest ) Lachine Canal The Lachine Canal ( French : Canal de Lachine )

477-628: Is served by the Centre de santé et des services sociaux du Sud-Ouest–Verdun, which operates the CLSCs Saint-Henri and Ville-Émard–Côte-Saint-Paul. The Clinique communautaire Pointe-Saint-Charles, though it inspired the CLSC system and is the provider of CLSC services for Pointe-Saint-Charles, continues to operate independently of the CLSC system. The nearest hospitals are the Hôpital de Verdun, Hôpital de LaSalle and

530-576: Is traversed and partly delimited by Quebec Autoroutes 15 (Décarie Aut.) and 20 (Ville-Marie Aut.); Autoroute 10 (Bonaventure Aut.) also passes through it. The Montreal ends of the Champlain Bridge and Victoria Bridge lie in Le Sud-Ouest, as does the Turcot Interchange (autoroutes 15 and 20), Quebec's largest highway interchange. The CN rail lines exiting Central Station pass through

583-584: The Atwater Market has become one of Montreal's most desirable residential areas for condo owners. Much of this is thanks to the continued effort to clean up the Canal. The old Redpath Sugar refinery at the corner of Saint Patrick Street and Rue de Montmorency is now partially Lofts Redpath , converted after being abandoned since 1980. The Lachine Canal became obsolete when the St. Lawrence Seaway opened up. The last of

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636-621: The Maison Saint-Gabriel (built in 1698), the former Negro Community Centre, the Atwater Market , Union United Church , Corona Theatre , the Atwater pumping station , the Saint-Henri fire hall, and the area's churches. In Saint-Henri, the Musée des ondes Emile Berliner tells the story of the radio and phonograph industry in the historic RCA Victor building. The borough's community centres include

689-606: The McGill University Health Centre superhospital is immediately northwest of the borough. The Little Burgundy Sports Center features a multitude of activities and spaces to accommodate a large audience. This large facility is very much involved in community life and contributes to the dynamism of Little Burgundy and the Southwest district. Its elegant and contemporary architecture makes it a true landmark in this part of Montreal. Opened in 1997, this beautiful building

742-469: The 103 elected officials (5.8%), including four of the 65 members of the city council, declared themselves to be members of visible minorities. Visible minorities make up a third of the population of the city. Another elected official, Champlain–L'Île-des-Soeurs city councillor Marie-Josée Parent , who is of Mi'kmaq ancestry, became the first indigenous person elected to Montreal city council. The official results were released on November 8, 2017. There

795-658: The Centre Saint-Zotique, the Centre d'éducation populaire (CEDA), Tyndale-St. George's Community Centre, Maison Saint-Charles, and Centre Monseigneur-Pigeon. It is served by four libraries: Marie-Uguay, Saint-Henri, Georges-Vanier, and Saint-Charles. Sporting facilities include the Complexe récréatif Gadbois, one of the largest on the island, as well as the Piscine Émard, Piscine Saint-Henri, Centre sportif de la Petite-Bourgogne, and Piscine Saint-Charles. The territory of Le Sud-Ouest

848-596: The Lachine Canal because its workshop in Point St. Charles provided a link to the Atlantic during the winter months. It was the door to the rest of the Grand Trunk railway line that went from Toronto to Maine. Because the Lachine Canal was the link between the ocean and the interior of Canada and America, it was a major centre for transportation. The canal continued to operate successfully until around 1950, but then, surrounded by

901-476: The Lachine Canal proved an enormous boon for Montreal and the Province of Quebec, time would show that for Canada's Maritime Provinces , it was the first major nail in that region's economic coffin. The first enlargements took place between 1843 and 1848, under the supervision of Alfred Barrett . Five new locks, each 61 metres (200 ft) long, 13.5 metres (44 ft) wide and 2.7 metres (8.9 ft) deep replaced

954-600: The Lachine rapids to that of an industrial region within Montreal. There were two major effects on the development of Montreal due to the enlargement of the Lachine Canal. The first was that by creating a route that bypassed the Lachine rapids and therefore opened the upper St Lawrence River to navigation, Montreal became a more convenient area for trade, effectively taking away shipping traffic from Quebec City and moving it to Montreal. The second important shift that can be noted through

1007-722: The Little Burgundy Sports Center Corporation, chaired at the time by Mrs. Léonie Charles. Managed independently, the Little Burgundy Sport Center is represented by the board of directors and a management team that works in partnership with the South West district, City of Montreal. Major commercial streets include Boulevard Monk (Ville-Émard), Avenue de l'Église (Côte Saint-Paul), Rue du Centre (Pointe-Saint-Charles), and Rue Notre-Dame (Saint-Henri and Little Burgundy). Rue Notre-Dame in Little Burgundy

1060-593: The Marie Uguay cultural centre in Ville-Émard, before the inauguration of the current borough hall in a repurposed factory in Saint-Henri. Today, Le Sud-Ouest is undergoing an economic and social renaissance, stimulated by the reclamation of the canal for recreation in 2002; businesses opened up and numerous factories were converted into lofts and condominiums. This revival is bringing its own pressures, however, as gentrification increases property taxes and costs of living on

1113-1124: The Parc du Premier-Chemin-de-Fer and Rue Lionel-Groulx, and through Pointe-Saint-Charles. Pedestrian- and cyclist-only bridges across the canal are located at the Saint-Gabriel Locks, the Atwater Market, Gédéon de Catalogne Park (rue Beaudoin), and Rue de l'Église. The two largest green spaces in the borough are the Lachine Canal and its recreational facilities (including the Lachine Canal National Historic Site of Canada ), and Angrignon Park in Ville-Émard . Other important parks include Ignace Bourget Park (Ville-Émard), Sir George-Étienne Cartier Square and Saint-Henri Park (Saint-Henri), Vinet Park and Oscar Peterson Park (Little Burgundy), and Saint-Gabriel Park , Marguerite Bourgeoys Park , and Le Ber Park (Pointe-Saint-Charles). The borough boasts numerous historic buildings, such as

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1166-532: The area's social fabric; in particular, the Pointe-Saint-Charles Community Clinic became the model for the CLSC system now used throughout the province. The reorganization of Montreal in 2002 following the municipal mergers saw the creation of the borough council system, and accordingly, the creation of the borough of Le Sud-Ouest. The borough council met in several temporary locations, including

1219-524: The borough. Major thoroughfares include Notre Dame St., Laurendeau St., St. Patrick St., La Vérendrye Blvd., De l'Église St., Monk Blvd., Centre St., Charlevoix St., Wellington St., Atwater Ave. , and Guy St. The Lachine Canal is crossed by the Boul. Monk, Rue Charlevoix, Rue des Seigneurs, and Rue Wellington bridges and by the Saint Rémi and Atwater tunnels. Bicycle paths run along the Lachine Canal, through

1272-416: The canal has had 5 locks: Lachine, Côte-Saint-Paul, Saint-Gabriel and 2 locks at Old Port of Montreal . But initially it had seven locks: The canal has been designated as a National Historic Site of Canada , officially named the Lachine Canal National Historic Site of Canada . The Fur Trade at Lachine National Historic Site is located near the western end of the canal. At its zenith from 1880 to 1940,

1325-449: The canal in Montreal's Le Sud-Ouest borough due to shifting patterns of industrial development and shipping. The lower section of the Lachine canal was entirely filled in between 1965 and 1967 and closed to commercial navigation in 1970 and reopened to pleasure craft in 2002. The current canal has a guaranteed draught of 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) and the clearance under bridges is 2.43 metres (8 ft 0 in). Since 1848,

1378-573: The capacity of the canal, the coming of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1956 and the closure of the Lachine Canal in 1970 put an end to the area's industrial prosperity. Population fell sharply and conditions became still more difficult. Projects such as the Décarie Expressway , Turcot Interchange , Bonaventure Expressway , and Expo '67 destroyed entire neighbourhoods, such as Goose Village and part of Côte-Saint-Paul. However, community mobilization preserved

1431-485: The city of Montreal , Quebec , Canada on November 5, 2017 as part of the 2017 Quebec municipal elections . Voters elected 65 positions on the Montreal City Council , including the mayor, borough mayors, and city councillors, as well as 38 borough councillors. Despite early polls giving incumbent mayor Denis Coderre a comfortable lead, the election concluded with Valérie Plante of Projet Montréal winning

1484-478: The coming weeks. Coalition Montréal was left with only one remaining elected official, Montreal's longest-serving city councillor Marvin Rotrand . Vrai changement pour Montréal , which had come in second in the mayoralty race in the previous election, lost all its seats, and announced it would suspend its activities. For the first time, a majority of Montreal's elected officials (53 out of 103) were women. Six of

1537-482: The designation already enjoyed by the canal itself. The Lachine Canal fell victim to deindustrialization. Many of the factories that lined the Lachine Canal were torn down and replaced by houses and apartments. By 1990 there was the feeling that the area's industrial history was being forgotten. In response, the Historic Sites and Monuments Board named the Lachine Canal "Lachine Canal Manufacturing Complex". The area

1590-423: The floor to Équipe Coderre, was defeated by the candidate for his former party, Robert Beaudry . Following his defeat, Denis Coderre announced he would resign from political life, leaving his city council seat to his co-candidate Chantal Rossi . On November 9, members of his party elected Darlington councillor Lionel Perez as leader; it was also announced that the party, named for Coderre, would change name in

1643-574: The following councillors: The bulk of the borough constitutes the provincial electoral district of Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne ; the industrial and railway area in the northeast is in the district of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce . The borough is divided among the following federal ridings: Source: The borough is served by the green and orange lines of the Montreal Metro , including Place-Saint-Henri , Lionel-Groulx , Charlevoix , Angrignon , Georges-Vanier , Monk , and Jolicoeur stations. The borough

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1696-457: The growth and development of the canal is the creation of industrial suburbs. Before the Lachine Canal, Montreal's industrial region was in what would be considered the downtown area. The impact of the Lachine Canal on Montreal during the mid- to late 1800s can be seen through the emergence of new working-class neighbourhoods such as Griffintown, St Henri, Pointe St Charles. Furthermore, the population of Montreal grew by over four times between

1749-488: The hydraulic system was not providing enough power. Many of the factories needed another source of power. The new source of power came from coal. With the Grand Trunk Railway on hand at Point St. Charles, industries were able to import coal from many different sources. They were able to import coal from Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and across the ocean from Great Britain. The Lachine Canal was extremely busy acting as

1802-403: The industrial and manufacturing area adjacent to the canal was once the largest in Canada in terms of both the number of firms and diversity of its output. At one time, over 20% of the workforce of the Island of Montreal was employed in its factories. Given its historic importance, the "Lachine Canal Manufacturing Complex" was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1996, in addition to

1855-466: The industrial developments which it helped to create, it could not be expanded further to cope with the continuing increase in vessel size. The canal became obsolete in 1959, being replaced by the St. Lawrence Seaway , which opened that year. The canal was finally closed to shipping in 1970. The opening of the Seaway and the decline of shipping on the canal led to the devastation of the neighbourhoods that lined

1908-731: The industries still using the Canal system ended in 1970. Managed by Parks Canada , the Lachine Canal reopened in 2002 as a pleasure boating area. They offers a wide array of activities such as kayaking, canoeing, paddleboarding and initiation to camping. A bike path also runs along the entire canal, which in 2009, placed third on Time Magazine's list of the top 10 urban bike paths in the world. From east (harbor) to west ( Lac Saint-Louis ): 45°27′30″N 73°36′42″W  /  45.45833°N 73.61167°W  / 45.45833; -73.61167 2017 Montreal municipal election Denis Coderre Équipe Denis Coderre Valérie Plante Projet Montréal Municipal elections were held in

1961-402: The many low-income residents and puts pressure on the availability of low-income housing. The pending reconstruction of the Turcot Interchange and its impact on local residents is a major political issue in the borough. The borough is divided into two municipal electoral districts: The composition of the borough council remained unchanged following the 2017 municipal election , and consists of

2014-542: The maps of Montreal of the years 1700, 1744 and on the map titled "The isles of Montreal. As they have been surveyed by the French engineers" (1761). The lake is now filled in and located near the Turcot Interchange on Autoroute 20. The canal gets its name from the French word for China ( la Chine ). The European explorers sought to find a route from New France to the Western Sea, and from there to China and hence auspiciously

2067-794: The mayoralty race by a margin of over 27,000 votes, becoming the first woman and first representative of Projet Montréal to be elected mayor of Montreal. Her party won a majority of the city council, 34 of 65 councillors. Projet Montréal won unanimous control of four borough councils and majorities on seven more. Équipe Denis Coderre pour Montréal won unanimous control of four borough councils and majorities on two more. The two remaining boroughs, Anjou and LaSalle , were won unanimously by local parties, Équipe Anjou and Équipe Barbe Team respectively. Several key city council figures were defeated, such as Russell Copeman , Harout Chitilian , Claude Dauphin , Anie Samson , Réal Ménard and Elsie Lefebvre . Projet Montréal founder Richard Bergeron , who had crossed

2120-585: The mid-1800s to the early 1900s. One of the main reasons behind the growth of the Lachine Canal region was the access to hydraulic power which was provided through the deepening of canal in the 1840s. Throughout the mid to late 1800s, industries all along the banks of canal experienced consistent growth through the access to this energy source. By the end of the 1800s, factories began to utilize steam powered factories as opposed to hydraulic power. The top three manufacturing industries in Montreal were wood, iron, and steel. In 1871 these three sectors made up 60% of

2173-458: The name), the borough is bordered to the northwest by Côte-des-Neiges—Notre-Dame-de-Grâce , to the northeast by the Ville-Marie borough, to the south by the borough of Verdun , to the west by the borough of LaSalle and the town of Montreal West , and to the north by the city of Westmount . The Saint Lawrence River is located upon part of its eastern edge. Originally devoted to agriculture,

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2226-421: The original seven locks. A second enlargement of the canal took place between 1873 and 1885, at which time the locks were lengthened to 82 metres (269 ft) and deepened to 4.3 metres (14 ft). The main reason for the second enlargement came from complaints from industrialists who wanted more power generated from the canal. They complained about the speed of the current being too slow. The second enlargement

2279-564: The region where the canal was built was named Lachine. Due to the continuous disposal of industrial waste, the canal contains harmful substances, though the water quality is said to be good. The canal is situated on land originally granted by the King of France to the Sulpician Order . Beginning in 1689, attempts were made by the French Colonial government and several other groups to build

2332-415: The total Canadian manufacturing production. Other industries that had factories along the canal were the leather industries and the garment industries, which apart from the leather industry all increased. As wood was on the decline and industries were growing at a much faster pace, iron and steel were still the dominant industries. By World War II , industries needed more water to power their machines, and

2385-458: The various municipalities and districts of the Sud-Ouest underwent rapid industrialization following the opening of the Lachine Canal in 1825, becoming the cradle of Canadian industry thanks to both the transportation and the water power offered by the canal. The Canadian National Railway and Grand Trunk Railway also came through Saint-Henri and Pointe-Saint-Charles. The area became a stronghold of

2438-481: The winning candidate won more than 50% of the vote. Depending on their borough, Montrealers voted for: Équipe Denis Coderre pour Montréal Projet Montréal Équipe Anjou Independent Although Jean Fortier of Coalition Montréal abandoned his campaign for mayor on October 17, 2017 and endorsed Valérie Plante, his name officially remained on the ballot. By-elections were held on December 16, 2018: By-elections were held on December 16, 2018: A by-election

2491-591: The working class, often in difficult conditions such as those described in Gabrielle Roy 's The Tin Flute , set in Saint-Henri. The areas of the borough had highly specific identities. The western part of the borough - Saint-Henri, Ville-Émard, and Côte-Saint-Paul - were chiefly French Canadian, while Pointe-Saint-Charles and Griffintown were considered the seat of Irish culture in Montreal, with street names such as Hibernia and St. Patrick testifying to it. Starting in 1887,

2544-460: Was built at a cost of $ 8.6 million by neighborhood residents striving to overcome the lack of activities and sports facilities in the area. Its funding was arranged by three parties: the federal and provincial governments have contributed $ 4 million and the City of Montreal invested $ 4.6 million. During the opening, the mayor, Pierre Bourque, officially transferred the facility and equipment management to

2597-618: Was built to bypass the rapids at Lachine, upstream of Montreal. Freight and passengers destined for points past Lachine had to portage the 8 or 9 miles from Montreal's port to the village of Lachine where they could resume their trip by boat. Work on the canal commenced on July 17, 1821, under Chief Engineer Thomas Burnett and Construction Engineer John Richardson. The original canal was 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) long and had seven locks, each 30 metres (98 ft) long, 6 metres (20 ft) wide and 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) deep. The new canal officially opened in 1825, helping turn Montreal into

2650-575: Was meant to fix these problems. Soon after the opening of the Lachine Canal in 1825, many of Montreal's merchants convinced the city's government to set up a harbour commission. One of the presidents of the harbour commission was John Young. Under Young's orders the canal was deepened so that the canal would be able to have bigger boats pass through. Railway transportation proved to be very important for Montreal. The Grand Trunk Railway had its workshop in Point. St. Charles. This proved to be very important for

2703-494: Was once notable as a centre for antiques dealers. The Atwater Market , is located beside the Lachine Canal. Joe Beef Restaurant is on Notre Dame Street West in Little Burgundy. The Commission scolaire de Montréal (CSDM) operates Francophone public schools. The English Montreal School Board (EMSB) operates Anglophone public schools. The Montreal Public Libraries Network operates four libraries: Réjean-Ducharme, Marie-Uguay, Saint-Charles, and Saint-Henri. The borough

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2756-571: Was one request for a recount, in the race for borough councillor for La Pointe-des-Prairies in Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles , in which Lisa Christensen of Projet Montréal had been announced as the winner with a lead of 32 votes. The recount was conducted by a judge of the Court of Quebec and Ms. Christensen was confirmed as the winner by a majority of 30 votes. This was also the first mayoral election since 2005 in which

2809-528: Was renovated after Parks Canada took over the Administration. Atwater Market was built as a public works project during the depression era. The site was originally the William Rutherford lumberyard. The building has served many purposes, but it has been a market since 1982. Over the last two decades, the canal has seen a large increase in residential and commercial development. In what was originally

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