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36-614: Between the 15th century and the 18th century, Styria was on the front line of almost continuous conflict with the Ottoman Empire and with rebels in Hungary. In order to defend itself it needed troops and these troops needed equipment. The Styrian Armoury results from the resulting need to store large quantities of armour and weapons, and was built from 1642 - 1645 by a Tyrolean architect called Antonio Solar . After about 100 years in use, Austrian empress Maria Theresia wanted to close down

72-617: A major production and trading centre, specialised blacksmiths crafted metal products and weapons. The finished arms were exported to Aquileia , a Roman colony founded in 180 BC. From 200 BC, the Noricum tribes gradually united into a kingdom, known as the Regnum Noricum , with its capital at a place called Noreia . Noricum became a key ally of the Roman Republic, providing high-quality weapons and tools in exchange for military protection. This

108-452: A superior product. The ore needed to be rich in manganese (an element which remains essential in modern steelmaking processes), and contain little or no phosphorus , which weakens steel. The ore mined in Carinthia (S. Noricum) fulfilled both criteria particularly well. The Noricum discovered their ore made superior steel around 500 BC and built a major steel industry. At Magdalensberg ,

144-603: A vigorous civilization was in the area centuries before recorded history. The graves contained weapons and ornaments from the Bronze Age , through the period of transition, up to the Hallstatt culture, i.e., the fully developed older period of the Iron Age . The Noric language is attested in only fragmentary inscriptions, one from Ptuj and two from Grafenstein , neither of which provide enough information for any conclusions about

180-555: A ÖVP candidate. In the 2021 municipal election in Graz, the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) surprisingly took over first place from the ÖVP, thus pushing long-time mayor Siegfried Nagl (ÖVP) out of office. The result was noted internationally. Elke Kahr led the KPÖ for a third time in the 2021 Graz local election . Despite opinion polling suggesting a victory for the ruling ÖVP, the KPÖ became

216-617: Is Graz , the second largest city in Austria after only Vienna . The March of Styria derived its name from the original seat of its ruling Otakar dynasty: Steyr , in today's Upper Austria , which in turn derives its name from the namesake river of Steyr, stemming from the Celtic Stiria. In the native German the area is still called "Steiermark", while in English the Latin name "Styria" is used. Until

252-470: Is an Austrian state in the southeast of the country, famed for its idyllic landscapes, as well as rich folk- and high culture. With an area of approximately 16,399 km (6,332 sq mi), Styria is Austria's second largest state, after Lower Austria . It is bordered to the south by Slovenia , and clockwise, from the southwest, by the other Austrian states of Carinthia , Salzburg , Upper Austria , Lower Austria, and Burgenland . The state's capital

288-478: Is mountainous and rich in iron and salt. It supplied material for the manufacturing of arms in Pannonia, Moesia , and northern Italy. The famous Noric steel was largely used in the making of Roman weapons (e.g. Horace , Odes , i.16.9-10: Noricus ensis , "a Noric sword"). Gold and salt were found in considerable quantities. The plant called saliunca (the wild nard , a relative of the lavender) grew in abundance and

324-548: The Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ) , failed to win seats. In subsequent elections in 2010 and 2015, the SPÖ, the ÖVP, and the KPÖ each lost between one fourth and one third of their shares of the vote relative to 2005. The FPÖ grew from 4.6 percent to 26.8 percent. The current government of Styria is a coalition of SPÖ and ÖVP. The governor, Christopher Drexler , is a representative of

360-536: The Habsburgs reunified Austria in 1282, Pitten was returned to Styria until the 16th century when Austria finally annexed it. During this time, Styria formed the central part of Inner Austria . Styria developed economically under Archduke John of Austria , the so-called "Styrian Prince", between 1809 and 1859. In 1918, after World War I , the Duchy of Styria was partitioned broadly along ethnic lines (, though where mixed,

396-554: The Praetorian prefecture of Italy . It was in this time (304 AD) that a Christian serving as a military officer in the province suffered martyrdom for the sake of his faith, later canonised as Saint Florian . The Roman colonies and chief towns were Virunum (near Maria Saal to the north of Klagenfurt ), Teurnia (near Spittal an der Drau ), Flavia Solva (near Leibnitz ), Celeia ( Celje ) in today's Slovenia, Juvavum ( Salzburg ), Ovilava ( Wels ), Lauriacum ( Lorch at

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432-627: The Zeltweg Airfield in 1964 and then at the Osterreichring from 1970 to 1987. The sport returned to the circuit, now redesigned and rebranded as the A1-Ring, from 1997 to 2003. Formula One once again returned to the circuit, now renamed the Red Bull Ring, in 2014 and has been held at the track every year since. The COVID-19 pandemic saw the 2020 Formula One calendar massively revised, resulting in

468-601: The People's Party. His deputy, Anton Lang, is a SPÖ member. Noricum Timeline Noricum ( / ˈ n ɒr ɪ k ə m / ) is the Latin name for the kingdom or federation of tribes that included most of modern Austria and part of Slovenia . In the first century AD, it became a province of the Roman Empire . Its borders were the Danube to the north, Raetia and Vindelici to

504-522: The Red Bull Ring becoming the first circuit to host consecutive Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, with the first round running under the Austrian Grand Prix name and the second held as the Styrian Grand Prix. This continued in 2021. The federal state is divided into 13 districts ( Bezirke ), one of them a statutory city . There are 286 municipalities. The following is a list of

540-470: The armoury, as part of her centralisation of the defence of Austria. Nevertheless, Styria petitioned for the ongoing existence of the armoury for both practical and sentimental reasons. Their petition was accepted and the Armoury was left intact, but largely decommissioned. During World War II , the entire contents were moved to safety in three castles in remote parts of Styria, and no losses were recorded. After

576-510: The civil war against Pompey . In 16 BC, having joined with the Pannonians in invading Histria , they were defeated by Publius Silius Nerva , proconsul of Illyricum . Thereafter, Noricum became a Roman province. It was not until the reign of Antoninus Pius that the Second Legion, Pia (later renamed Italica ) was stationed in Noricum, and the commander of the legion became the governor of

612-511: The defeated Austrian side lost the lands in question to Yugoslavia, such as the majority German-speaking Abstall basin,) into a northern part, constituting the Austrian state of Styria, as well as the continuation of the Styrian state altogether, and a southern one, traditionally called Lower Styria , though Lower Styria does not exist as any political entity and is only a traditional term. As a result of

648-502: The demise of the Babenberg dynasty (to which Leopold belonged), Styria came briefly under the control of Hungary and later Bohemia. During this time, it lost vast parts of its territory, including the former capital Steyr (which would later form a significant part of the emerging "Duchy of Austria above the Enns" or Upper Austria), as well as Pitten (now the southeastern part of Lower Austria). When

684-424: The district Graz-Umgebung (literally, "Graz-surroundings") may or may not be considered parts of West and East Styria, respectively. The southern fourth of the historic Duchy of Styria , which after World War I became part of Yugoslavia and later Slovenia (except for World War II), was (and sometimes colloquially still is) referred to as " Lower Styria " ( Untersteiermark ; Slovene : Štajerska ). Styria

720-527: The end of the war, the objects were brought back into the undamaged original building. The armoury is situated in Graz's Inner City , a few steps from Hauptplatz at Herrengasse Nr. 16. The armoury is open six days a week, closed Mondays, throughout the year. In November, it can only be visited through guided tours. Styria Styria ( German : Steiermark [ˈʃtaɪɐmark] ; Bavarian : Steiamårk ; Slovene : Štajerska ; Hungarian : Stájerország [ˈʃtaːjɛrorsaːɡ] )

756-467: The gross regional product (GRP) and is one of the highest concentrations of leading clean technology companies in Europe. The companies have an average (real) growth rate of 22 percent per year—well above the worldwide cleantech market growth of 18 percent per year. The region created roughly 2,000 additional green jobs in 2008 alone. The Formula One Austrian Grand Prix has been held in the region, first at

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792-558: The largest party with 28.8% of votes and 15 seats. After the election, the KPÖ entered into coalition talks with The Greens – The Green Alternative and the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) . On November 13, 2021, the KPÖ, the Greens and the SPÖ announced their coalition: Graz gets a communist mayor with Elke Kahr. In the 2005 elections for the federal state's parliament the SPÖ under their regional chairman Franz Voves won

828-553: The late 19th century however, the German name "Steyer", a slightly modernized spelling of Steyr, was also common. The ancient link between the city of Steyr and Styria is also apparent in their nearly identical coats of arms, a white Panther on a green background. Styria is also popularly known as the "Green March", owing to it being the most forested of all the Austrian states, or as the "Iron Margraviate" for its long heritage of manufacturing and engineering. The western and eastern parts of

864-484: The majority after the ÖVP had damaged its credibility through scandals and the secession of a high-ranking party member, who took part in the 2005 elections after setting up his own party. In these elections, the KPÖ also received many votes after it had gained much popularity through its role in local politics in Graz during the preceding years. The two right-wing populist parties, the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and

900-497: The mouth of the Enns , the ancient Anisus ). Knowledge of Roman Noricum has been decisively expanded by the work of Richard Knabl , an Austrian epigrapher of the 19th century. The transition from Roman to barbarian rule in Noricum is well documented in Eugippius ' Life of Saint Severinus , providing material for analogies for this process in other regions where primary sources from

936-559: The nature of the language. The kingdom of Noricum was a major provider of weaponry for the Roman army from the mid-Republic onwards. Roman swords were made of the best-quality steel then available from this region, the chalybs Noricus . The strength of steel is determined by its composition and heat treatment. The wrought iron produced in the Greco-Roman world was too soft for tools and weapons. Ore from Noricum, by contrast, could yield

972-508: The nine largest cities and towns in Styria by population: (as of 2023) The historical population is given in the following chart: The federal state had been a stronghold of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) since 1945. Graz is markedly more left-wing than the rural districts of the federal state. The governor (Austrian political term: Landeshauptmann ) of Styria has typically been

1008-493: The period are lacking. In 1919, Heinrich Lammasch , the last prime minister of Imperial Austria, proposed to give the young republic the name of Norische Republik or Noric Republic , because the ancient borders were similar to those of the new state, which—at the time—did not wish to be considered the heir of the Habsburg monarchy, but an independent, neutral and peaceful state. Episcopal sees of Noricum that are now listed in

1044-413: The province. Under Diocletian (245–313), Noricum was divided into Noricum ripense ("Noricum along the river", the northern part southward from the Danube ), and Noricum mediterraneum ("landlocked Noricum", the southern, more mountainous district). The dividing line ran along the central part of the eastern Alps. Each division was under a praeses , and both belonged to the diocese of Illyricum in

1080-623: The same time, Bavarians under Frankish domination began to expand their area to the south and east, ultimately absorbing the Slavic population. Under the Otakar dynasty, Styria was made into a margraviate in 1056 and in 1180, also separated from the Duchy of Carinthia to become a Duchy of its own; Per the Georgenberg Pact , the Austrian Duke Leopold V also became Duke of Styria in 1192. After

1116-539: The turbulence of two world wars, the German -speaking population of Lower Styria , which had mainly been concentrated in the cities, particularly the so-called "Festungsdreieck" (fortress-triangle) of Maribor (Marburg an der Drau), Celje (Cilli) and Ptuj (Pettau) migrated from the region or was expelled. The federal state's gross domestic product (GDP) was 49.6 billion € in 2018, accounting for 12.9% of Austria's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power

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1152-550: The west, Pannonia to the east and south-east, and Italia ( Venetia et Histria ) to the south. The kingdom was founded around 400 BC, and had its capital at the royal residence at Virunum on the Magdalensberg . Around 800 BC, the region was inhabited mostly by the people of the Hallstatt culture . Around 450 BC, they merged with the people of other areas in the south-western regions of Germany and eastern France . The country

1188-543: Was 35,400 € or 118% of the EU27 average in the same year. In 2004, Styria had the strongest economic growth rate in Austria at 3.8%—mainly due to the Graz area, which saw strong economic growth that year and has continued to grow in economic and population terms since then. Styria is home to more than 150 clean technology companies of which one dozen are world technology leaders in their field. The revenue of Styrian cleantech companies totals €2.7 billion. This equals 8 percent of

1224-721: Was demonstrated in 113 BC, when Teutones invaded Noricum. In response, the Roman consul Gnaeus Papirius Carbo led an army over the Alps to attack the tribes at the Noreia . Noricum was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 16 BC. For a long time previously, the Noricans had enjoyed independence under princes of their own and carried on commerce with the Romans. In 48 BC they took the side of Julius Caesar in

1260-849: Was inhabited by Celtic tribes. After its conquest by the Romans , the eastern part of what is now Styria was part of Pannonia , while the western one was included in Noricum . During the Barbarian invasions , it was conquered or crossed by the Visigoths , the Huns , the Ostrogoths , the Rugii , and the Lombards . Slavs under the domination of the Avars settled in the valleys around 600. At

1296-479: Was used as a perfume according to Pliny the Elder . The inhabitants developed a culture rich in art, salt mining, cattle breeding, and agriculture. When part of the area became a Roman province , the Romans introduced water management and the already important trade relations between the people north and south of the Alps increased. Archaeological research, particularly in the cemeteries of Hallstatt , has shown that

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