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34-441: The Lafnitz is 113.6 km (70.6 mi) long, and has a basin area of 1,992 km (769 sq mi). It rises near the border of Styria and Lower Austria , and flows in a generally southeastern direction through the towns of Rohrbach an der Lafnitz , Lafnitz , Markt Allhau , Wolfau , Wörth an der Lafnitz , Neudau , Deutsch Kaltenbrunn , Rudersdorf , Königsdorf , and Heiligenkreuz im Lafnitztal , and it empties into

68-615: A communist mayor with Elke Kahr. In the 2005 elections for the federal state's parliament the SPÖ under their regional chairman Franz Voves won the majority after the ÖVP had damaged its credibility through scandals and the secession of a high-ranking party member, who took part in the 2005 elections after setting up his own party. In these elections, the KPÖ also received many votes after it had gained much popularity through its role in local politics in Graz during

102-736: A part of the Habsburg monarchy and from 1804 belonged to the Austrian Empire . The development of the duchy was decisively promoted by Archduke John of Austria , younger brother of Emperor Francis I , who in 1811 founded the Joanneum , predecessor of the Graz University of Technology , and the University of Leoben in 1840. He also forwarded the construction of the Semmering railway to Mürzzuschlag and

136-532: A river in Hungary is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Styria Styria ( German : Steiermark [ˈʃtaɪɐmark] ; Bavarian : Steiamårk ; Slovene : Štajerska ; Hungarian : Stájerország [ˈʃtaːjɛrorsaːɡ] ) is an Austrian state in the southeast of the country, famed for its idyllic landscapes, as well as rich folk- and high culture. With an area of approximately 16,399 km (6,332 sq mi), Styria

170-493: A southern one, traditionally called Lower Styria , though Lower Styria does not exist as any political entity and is only a traditional term. As a result of the turbulence of two world wars, the German -speaking population of Lower Styria , which had mainly been concentrated in the cities, particularly the so-called "Festungsdreieck" (fortress-triangle) of Maribor (Marburg an der Drau), Celje (Cilli) and Ptuj (Pettau) migrated from

204-487: A white Panther on a green background. Styria is also popularly known as the "Green March", owing to it being the most forested of all the Austrian states, or as the "Iron Margraviate" for its long heritage of manufacturing and engineering. The western and eastern parts of the district Graz-Umgebung (literally, "Graz-surroundings") may or may not be considered parts of West and East Styria, respectively. The southern fourth of

238-548: Is Austria's second largest state, after Lower Austria . It is bordered to the south by Slovenia , and clockwise, from the southwest, by the other Austrian states of Carinthia , Salzburg , Upper Austria , Lower Austria, and Burgenland . The state's capital is Graz , the second largest city in Austria after only Vienna . The March of Styria derived its name from the original seat of its ruling Otakar dynasty: Steyr , in today's Upper Austria , which in turn derives its name from

272-448: Is a coalition of SPÖ and ÖVP. The governor, Christopher Drexler , is a representative of the People's Party. His deputy, Anton Lang, is a SPÖ member. Styria (duchy) The Duchy of Styria ( German : Herzogtum Steiermark ; Slovene : Vojvodina Štajerska ; Latin : Ducatus Styriae ) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia . It was a part of

306-511: Is divided into 13 districts ( Bezirke ), one of them a statutory city . There are 286 municipalities. The following is a list of the nine largest cities and towns in Styria by population: (as of 2023) The historical population is given in the following chart: The federal state had been a stronghold of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) since 1945. Graz is markedly more left-wing than

340-461: Is home to more than 150 clean technology companies of which one dozen are world technology leaders in their field. The revenue of Styrian cleantech companies totals €2.7 billion. This equals 8 percent of the gross regional product (GRP) and is one of the highest concentrations of leading clean technology companies in Europe. The companies have an average (real) growth rate of 22 percent per year—well above

374-642: The Austrian Southern Railway line from Vienna to Trieste completed in 1857, which boosted the Styrian economy. In the course of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 ( Ausgleich ), the duchy was assigned as a crown land for the Cisleithanian part of Austria-Hungary , while along with the rise of nationalism the conflict between the German and Slovene population intensified. On

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408-632: The Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. It was created by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1180 when he raised the March of Styria to a duchy of equal rank with neighbouring Carinthia and Bavaria , after the fall of the Bavarian Duke Henry the Lion earlier that year. Margrave Ottokar IV thereby became

442-705: The Inner Austrian territory ruled by the descendants of Leopold III of the Leopoldian line , who took their residence at Graz . In 1456 they could significantly enlarge the Styrian territory by acquisition and re-acquisition of the comital Celje estates in Lower Styria . Both duchies were again ruled in personal union, when Leopold's grandson Frederick V inherited Austria in 1457. In 1496 Frederick's son Maximilian I signed an order expelling all Jews from Styria, who were not allowed to return to Graz until 1856. In 1512

476-558: The Rába less than a kilometer inside Hungary, in the town of Szentgotthárd . For much of its length it forms the border between Styria and Burgenland . Its largest tributary is the Feistritz  [ de ; fr ; sh ; sv ] . This Styria location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Austria is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

510-548: The KPÖ for a third time in the 2021 Graz local election . Despite opinion polling suggesting a victory for the ruling ÖVP, the KPÖ became the largest party with 28.8% of votes and 15 seats. After the election, the KPÖ entered into coalition talks with The Greens – The Green Alternative and the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) . On November 13, 2021, the KPÖ, the Greens and the SPÖ announced their coalition: Graz gets

544-716: The Otakar dynasty, Styria was made into a margraviate in 1056 and in 1180, also separated from the Duchy of Carinthia to become a Duchy of its own; Per the Georgenberg Pact , the Austrian Duke Leopold V also became Duke of Styria in 1192. After the demise of the Babenberg dynasty (to which Leopold belonged), Styria came briefly under the control of Hungary and later Bohemia. During this time, it lost vast parts of its territory, including

578-486: The census in 1900 recorded 83.5% German-speakers, which after a massacre of German protestors awaiting the American delegation, popularly known as " Marburg's Bloody Sunday ", although it was actually a Monday, ultimately fell to Yugoslavia. The former duchy was partitioned broadly along ethnic lines, though where mixed, the defeated Austrian side lost the lands to Yugoslavia, such as the majority-German Abstall basin, with only

612-632: The circuit, now renamed the Red Bull Ring, in 2014 and has been held at the track every year since. The COVID-19 pandemic saw the 2020 Formula One calendar massively revised, resulting in the Red Bull Ring becoming the first circuit to host consecutive Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, with the first round running under the Austrian Grand Prix name and the second held as the Styrian Grand Prix. This continued in 2021. The federal state

646-545: The collapse of Austria-Hungary in the aftermath of World War I , the rump state of German Austria claimed all Cisleithanian Austria with a significant German-speaking population including large parts of the Styrian duchy, while the Slovene Lower Styrian part joined the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs . Conflicts arose especially around the majority German-speaking border-town of Maribor (Marburg an der Drau), where

680-690: The duchy joined the Empire's Austrian Circle . A second Inner Austrian cadet branch of the Habsburgs ruled over Styria from 1564. Under Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria, Graz became a centre of the Counter-Reformation , expedited by the Jesuits at the University of Graz established in 1585 and continued under Charles' son Archduke Ferdinand II , who became sole rule of all Habsburg hereditary lands and Holy Roman Emperor in 1619. The Protestant population

714-561: The entirely German-speaking two thirds of its territory ( Upper Styria and parts of Central Styria  [ de ] ) remaining with Austria , and the southern third of Lower Styria with Maribor passing to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes , eventually becoming part of modern Slovenia . Timeline Styria was attested in historical documents in AD 907 as Styria , in 1191 as Marchia Stirensis , and in 1215 as Marchia Styrie . The name

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748-515: The first duke of Styria and also the last of the ancient Otakar dynasty . As Ottokar had no issue, he in 1186 signed the Georgenberg Pact with the mighty House of Babenberg , rulers of Austria since 976, after which both duchies should in perpetuity be ruled in personal union. Upon his death in 1192, Styria as stipulated fell to the Babenberg Leopold V, Duke of Austria . The Austrian Babenbergs became extinct in 1246, when Duke Frederick II

782-567: The former capital Steyr (which would later form a significant part of the emerging "Duchy of Austria above the Enns" or Upper Austria), as well as Pitten (now the southeastern part of Lower Austria). When the Habsburgs reunified Austria in 1282, Pitten was returned to Styria until the 16th century when Austria finally annexed it. During this time, Styria formed the central part of Inner Austria . Styria developed economically under Archduke John of Austria ,

816-452: The historic Duchy of Styria , which after World War I became part of Yugoslavia and later Slovenia (except for World War II), was (and sometimes colloquially still is) referred to as " Lower Styria " ( Untersteiermark ; Slovene : Štajerska ). Styria was inhabited by Celtic tribes. After its conquest by the Romans , the eastern part of what is now Styria was part of Pannonia , while

850-607: The namesake river of Steyr, stemming from the Celtic Stiria. In the native German the area is still called "Steiermark", while in English the Latin name "Styria" is used. Until the late 19th century however, the German name "Steyer", a slightly modernized spelling of Steyr, was also common. The ancient link between the city of Steyr and Styria is also apparent in their nearly identical coats of arms,

884-522: The newly-elected King Rudolph I of Germany , who claimed the duchies as escheated fiefs. Rudolph finally defeated Ottokar at the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld , seized Austria and Styria and granted them to his sons Albert I and Rudolf II . The House of Habsburg provided Styria with dukes of their lineage from that point on. The duchy was, however, separated from Austria by the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg , after which Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola formed

918-568: The preceding years. The two right-wing populist parties, the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ) , failed to win seats. In subsequent elections in 2010 and 2015, the SPÖ, the ÖVP, and the KPÖ each lost between one fourth and one third of their shares of the vote relative to 2005. The FPÖ grew from 4.6 percent to 26.8 percent. The current government of Styria

952-541: The region or was expelled. The federal state's gross domestic product (GDP) was 49.6 billion € in 2018, accounting for 12.9% of Austria's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 35,400 € or 118% of the EU27 average in the same year. In 2004, Styria had the strongest economic growth rate in Austria at 3.8%—mainly due to the Graz area, which saw strong economic growth that year and has continued to grow in economic and population terms since then. Styria

986-456: The rural districts of the federal state. The governor (Austrian political term: Landeshauptmann ) of Styria has typically been a ÖVP candidate. In the 2021 municipal election in Graz, the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) surprisingly took over first place from the ÖVP, thus pushing long-time mayor Siegfried Nagl (ÖVP) out of office. The result was noted internationally. Elke Kahr led

1020-426: The so-called "Styrian Prince", between 1809 and 1859. In 1918, after World War I , the Duchy of Styria was partitioned broadly along ethnic lines (, though where mixed, the defeated Austrian side lost the lands in question to Yugoslavia, such as the majority German-speaking Abstall basin,) into a northern part, constituting the Austrian state of Styria, as well as the continuation of the Styrian state altogether, and

1054-866: The western one was included in Noricum . During the Barbarian invasions , it was conquered or crossed by the Visigoths , the Huns , the Ostrogoths , the Rugii , and the Lombards . Slavs under the domination of the Avars settled in the valleys around 600. At the same time, Bavarians under Frankish domination began to expand their area to the south and east, ultimately absorbing the Slavic population. Under

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1088-595: The worldwide cleantech market growth of 18 percent per year. The region created roughly 2,000 additional green jobs in 2008 alone. The Formula One Austrian Grand Prix has been held in the region, first at the Zeltweg Airfield in 1964 and then at the Osterreichring from 1970 to 1987. The sport returned to the circuit, now redesigned and rebranded as the A1-Ring, from 1997 to 2003. Formula One once again returned to

1122-498: Was expelled, including the astronomer Johannes Kepler in 1600. Meanwhile, at the time of the Ottoman invasions in the 16th and 17th centuries after the 1526 Battle of Mohács , the land suffered severely and was depopulated. The Turks made incursions into Styria nearly twenty times; churches, monasteries, cities, and villages were destroyed and plundered, while the population was either killed or carried away into slavery. Styria remained

1156-459: Was killed in battle against King Béla IV of Hungary . Styria, a vacant Imperial fief, became a matter of dispute among the neighbouring estates. It passed quickly through the hands of Hungarian kings in 1254, until King Ottokar II of Bohemia conquered it, being victorious at the 1260 Battle of Kressenbrunn . As King Ottokar II had married the last duke's sister Margaret , he laid claim to both Austria and Styria. This met with strong opposition by

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