Misplaced Pages

#907092

44-480: LPIA most often refers to Intel Atom (or Low-Power Intel Atom) Late Paleozoic icehouse (also called the Late Paleozoic Ice Age) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title LPIA . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

88-576: A 22 nm successor to Centerton , codenamed Avoton . Intel Atom is a direct successor of the Intel A100 and A110 low-power processors (code-named Stealey ), which were built on a 90 nm process, had 512 kB L2 cache and ran at 600 MHz/800 MHz with 3 W TDP (Thermal Design Power) . Prior to the Silverthorne announcement, outside sources had speculated that Atom would compete with AMD 's Geode system-on-a-chip processors, used by

132-569: A 45 nm Intel Atom processor (codenamed Silverthorne ) which can run up to 2.0 GHz and a System Controller Hub (codenamed Poulsbo ) which includes Intel HD Audio (codenamed Azalia ). This platform was initially branded as Centrino Atom but the logo was dropped in August 2008; the logo had caused confusion between laptop and MID with previous marketing of Centrino stating only Intel chipsets are being used. Hence MIDs will be branded as Atom to allow integration with other OEM chipsets for

176-562: A 53 W-h battery. The codename Napa designates the third-generation Centrino platform, introduced in January 2006 at the Winter Consumer Electronics Show . The platform initially supported Intel Core Duo processors but the newer Core 2 Duo processors were launched and supported in this platform from July 27, 2006 onwards. Intel uses Centrino Duo branding for laptops with dual- core Core Duo processors and retains

220-452: A MID development kit was announced by Sophia Systems and the first board called CoreExpress -ECO was revealed by a German company LiPPERT Embedded Computers, GmbH. Intel offers Atom based motherboards. In December 2012, Intel released Atom for servers, the S1200 series. The primary difference between these processors and all prior versions, is that ECC memory support has been added, enabling

264-438: A partial revival of the principles used in earlier Intel designs such as P5 and the i486 , with the sole purpose of enhancing the performance per watt ratio. However, Hyper-Threading is implemented in an easy (i.e., low power) way to employ the whole pipeline efficiently by avoiding typical single thread dependencies. Atom branded processors have historically featured the following microarchitectures: The performance of

308-420: A particular combination of mainboard chipset , mobile CPU and wireless network interface in the design of a laptop . Intel claimed that systems equipped with these technologies delivered better performance, longer battery life and broader wireless network interoperability than non-Centrino systems. The product line name for Intel wireless products became Intel Centrino Wireless in 2010. The Centrino brand

352-783: A range of Aleutia desktops, Magic W3, Archos and the ICP-DAS LP-8381-Atom. The Pineview line is also used in multiple AAC devices for the disabled individual who is unable to speak and the AAC device assists the user in everyday communication with dedicated speech software. Intel has applied the Atom branding to product lines targeting several different market segments, including: MID / UMPC / Smartphone , Netbook / Nettop , Tablet , Embedded , Wireless Base Stations (for 5G networking infrastructure), Microserver / Server and Consumer electronics . Intel consumer electronic (CE) SoCs are marketed under

396-414: A result, the ability of an Atom-based system to run 64-bit versions of operating systems may vary from one motherboard to another. Online retailer mini-itx.com has tested Atom-based motherboards made by Intel and Jetway, and while they were able to install 64-bit versions of Linux on Intel-branded motherboards with D2700 (Cedarview; supports maximum of 4 GB memory DDR3-800/1066 ) processors, Intel 64 support

440-448: A single threaded application is running, the CPU can turn off one of its cores and overclock the active core. In this way the CPU maintains the same Thermal Profile as it would when both cores are active. Santa Rosa performs well as a mobile gaming platform due to its ability to switch between single threaded and multithreaded tasks. Other power savings come from an Enhanced Sleep state where both

484-506: A single-core Atom is about half that of a Pentium M of the same clock rate . For example, the Atom N270 (1.60 GHz) found in many netbooks such as the Eee PC can deliver around 3300 MIPS and 2.1 GFLOPS in standard benchmarks, compared to 7400 MIPS and 3.9 GFLOPS for the similarly clocked (1.72 GHz) Pentium M 740. The Pineview platform has proven to be only slightly faster than

SECTION 10

#1732844620908

528-625: Is significantly fewer than the P6 and NetBurst microarchitectures . In the Bonnell microarchitecture, internal micro-ops can contain both a memory load and a memory store in connection with an ALU operation, thus being more similar to the x86 level and more powerful than the micro-ops used in previous designs. This enables relatively good performance with only two integer ALUs, and without any instruction reordering , speculative execution , or register renaming . The Bonnell microarchitecture therefore represents

572-526: Is slightly above the average thermal envelope of the Atom, but offers hardware AES support, random number generators , and out-of-order execution. Performance comparisons of the Intel Atom against the Via Nano indicate that a single core Intel Atom is easily outperformed by the Via Nano which is in turn outperformed by a dual core Intel Atom 330 in tests where multithreading is used. The Core 2 Duo SU7300 outperforms

616-471: Is used in the HP Mini Series, Asus N10, Lenovo IdeaPad S10 , Acer Aspire One & Packard Bell's "dot" (ZG5), recent ASUS Eee PC systems, Sony VAIO M-series, AMtek Elego, Dell Inspiron Mini Series , Gigabyte M912 , LG X Series, Samsung NC10 , Sylvania g Netbook Meso, Toshiba NB series (100, 200, 205, 255, 300, 500, 505), MSI Wind PC netbooks, RedFox Wizbook 1020i, Sony Vaio X Series, Zenith Z-Book,

660-743: The Bonnell microarchitecture . On December 21, 2009, Intel announced the Pine Trail platform, including new Atom processor code-named Pineview (Atom N450), with total kit power consumption down 20%. On December 28, 2011, Intel updated the Atom line with the Cedar processors. In December 2012, Intel launched the 64-bit Centerton family of Atom CPUs, designed specifically for use in servers . Centerton adds features previously unavailable in Atom processors, such as Intel VT virtualization technology and support for ECC memory . On September 4, 2013, Intel launched

704-463: The Intel Core series. Atom is mainly used in netbooks , nettops , embedded applications ranging from health care to advanced robotics, mobile Internet devices (MIDs) and phones. The line was originally designed in 45 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor ( CMOS ) technology and subsequent models, codenamed Cedar , used a 32 nm process. The first generation of Atom processors are based on

748-646: The One Laptop per Child (OLPC) project, and other cost and power sensitive applications for x86 processors. However, Intel revealed on October 15, 2007, that it was developing another new mobile processor, codenamed Diamondville, for OLPC-type devices. "Atom" was the name under which Silverthorne would be sold, while the supporting chipset formerly code-named Menlow was called Centrino Atom. At Spring Intel Developer Forum (IDF) 2008 in Shanghai , Intel officially announced that Silverthorne and Diamondville are based on

792-593: The Silvermont microarchitecture and released in the second half of 2013, regain 64-bit support, although driver support for Linux and Windows 7 is limited at launch. The lack of 64-bit Windows support for Cedarview processors has been speculated to be due to a driver issue. A member of the Intel Enthusiast Team has stated in a series of posts on enthusiast site Tom's Hardware that while the Atom D2700 (Cedarview)

836-444: The x86-64 instruction set was not added until the desktop Diamondville and mobile Pineview cores. The Atom N2xx and Z5xx series Atom models cannot run x86-64 code. The Centerton server processors also support the x86-64 instruction set. Intel states the Atom supports 64-bit operation only "with a processor, chipset , BIOS " that all support Intel 64 . Those Atom systems not supporting all of these cannot enable Intel 64. As

880-642: The 855GME and 855PM chips, which did support external graphics, in Centrino laptops . Despite criticisms, the Carmel platform won quick acceptance among OEMs and consumers. Carmel could attain or exceed the performance of older Pentium 4-M platforms, while allowing for laptops to operate for 4 to 5 hours on a 48 W-h battery. Carmel also allowed laptop manufacturers to create thinner and lighter laptops because its components did not dissipate much heat, and thus did not require large cooling systems. Intel used Sonoma as

924-473: The Atom brand. Prior to application of the Atom brand, there were number of Intel CE SoCs including: Olo River (CE 2110 which had an XScale ARM architecture ) and Canmore (CE 3100 which like Stealey and Tolapai had a 90 nm Pentium M microarchitecture ). Intel Atom CE branded SoCs include: Sodaville , Groveland , and Berryville . All Atom processors implement the IA-32 instruction set ; support for

SECTION 20

#1732844620908

968-448: The Atom line of CPUs. It was a continuation of the partnership announced by Intel and Google on September 13, 2011, to provide support for the Android operating system on Intel x86 processors. This range competed with existing SoCs developed for the smartphone and tablet market from companies like Texas Instruments , Nvidia , Qualcomm and Samsung . On April 29, 2016, Intel announced

1012-475: The CPU cores and the chipset will power down. The wireless chipset update was originally intended to include WWAN Internet access via HSDPA (3.5G), (codenamed Windigo ) co-developed with Nokia . After announcing a working partnership, both later retracted the deal citing the lack of a clear business case for the technology. Support for WiMAX (802.16) was originally scheduled for inclusion in Santa Rosa but

1056-431: The Centrino name for laptops with single core ( Core Solo ) processors. Some of the initial Core Duo laptops are still labeled as Intel Centrino rather than Centrino Duo. The codename Santa Rosa refers to the fourth-generation Centrino platform, which was released on Thursday May 10, 2007. The Santa Rosa platform comes with dynamic acceleration technology, allowing single threaded applications to execute faster. When

1100-540: The IEEE had not finalized the 802.11g standard at the time of Carmel's announcement. In early 2004, after the finalization of the 802.11g standard, Intel permitted an Intel PRO/Wireless 2200 BG to substitute for the 2100. At the same time, they permitted the new Dothan Pentium M to substitute for the Banias Pentium M. Initially, Intel permitted only the 855GM chipset, which did not support external graphics. Later, Intel allowed

1144-561: The codename for the second-generation Centrino platform, introduced in January 2005 . The Mobile 915 Express chipset, like its desktop version, supports many new features such as DDR2 , PCI Express , Intel High Definition Audio , and SATA . Unfortunately, the introduction of PCI Express and faster Pentium M processors causes laptops built around the Sonoma platform to have a shorter battery-life than their Carmel counterparts; Sonoma laptops typically achieve between 3.5–4.6 hours of battery-life on

1188-710: The decision to cancel the Broxton SoC for smartphones and tablets. Broxton was to use the newest Atom microarchitecture (Goldmont on a 14 nm node) in combination with an Intel modem. Embedded processors based on the ARM version 7 instruction set architecture (such as Nvidia 's Tegra 3 series, TI's 4 series and Freescale's i.MX51 based on the Cortex-A8 core, or the Qualcomm Snapdragon and Marvell Armada 500/600 based on custom ARMv7 implementations) offer similar performance to

1232-695: The dual-core Nano. The Xcore86 (also known as the PMX 1000 ) is x586 based System on Chip (SoC) that offers a below average thermal envelope compared to the Atom. In 2014, Kenton Williston of EE Times said that while Atom will not displace ARM from its current markets, the ability to apply the PC architecture into smaller, cheaper and lower power form factors will open up new markets for Intel. In 2014, ARM claimed that Intel's Atom processors offer less compatibility and lower performance than their chips when running Android, and higher power consumption and less battery life for

1276-548: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LPIA&oldid=1125390057 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Intel Atom Intel Atom is a line of IA-32 and x86-64 instruction set ultra-low-voltage processors by Intel Corporation designed to reduce electric consumption and power dissipation in comparison with ordinary processors of

1320-622: The low end Atom chipsets but at roughly one quarter the power consumption, and (like most ARM systems) as a single integrated system on a chip, rather than a two chip solution like the current Atom line. Although the second-generation Atom codenamed "Pineview" should greatly increase its competitiveness in performance/watt, ARM plans to counter the threat with the multi-core capable Cortex-A9 core as used in Nvidia's Tegra 2/3, TI's OMAP 4 series, and Qualcomm 's next-generation Snapdragon series, among others. The Nano and Nano Dual-Core series from VIA

1364-445: The low-end market. Intel Centrino Wireless was the brand for Intel Wi-Fi and WiMAX adapters from 2010 to 2013. The product line included: Laptops with Intel vPro technology have hardware features that allow a system administrator to remotely access wired and wireless laptops for maintenance and servicing if the operating system is unresponsive or crashed and, when a laptop is connected to AC power (not on battery power), allow

LPIA - Misplaced Pages Continue

1408-543: The ninth-generation Centrino platform. Jon Worrel predicted in 2012 that Shark Bay would comprise a single Multi-Chip Module (MCM) package. On March 2, 2008, Intel introduced the Intel Atom processor brand for a new family of low-power processor platforms. The components have thin, small designs and work together to "enable the best mobile computing and Internet experience" on mobile and low-power devices. Intel's second generation MID platform (codenamed Menlow ) contains

1452-557: The previous Diamondville platform. This is because the Pineview platform uses the same Bonnell execution core as Diamondville and is connected to the memory controller via the FSB, hence memory latency and performance in CPU-intensive applications are minimally improved. In March 2009, Intel announced that it would be collaborating with TSMC for the production of the Atom processors. The deal

1496-453: The release of the platform until at least October 2009 (Q4 2009) to allow OEM partners to clear excess inventory of existing chips. This was believed to be spurred by the lowered demand due to unfavorable economic conditions throughout 2009 . The codename "Huron River" refers to the seventh-generation Centrino platform. The codename Chief River refers to the eighth-generation Centrino platform. The codename Shark Bay refers to

1540-928: The same Intel GMA 3600 or 3650 graphics as the D2700, this indicates that Atom Cedarview systems will remain unable to run 64-bit versions of Windows, even those which have Intel 64 enabled and are able to run 64-bit versions of Linux. The first Atom processors were based on the Bonnell microarchitecture. Those Atom processors are able to execute up to two instructions per cycle. Like many other x86 processors, they translate x86-instructions ( CISC instructions) into simpler internal operations (sometimes referred to as micro-ops , i.e., effectively RISC style instructions) prior to execution. The majority of instructions produce one micro-op when translated, with around 4% of instructions used in typical programs producing multiple micro-ops. The number of instructions that produce more than one micro-op

1584-619: The same microarchitecture. Silverthorne would be called the Atom Z5xx series and Diamondville would be called the Atom N2xx series. The more expensive lower-power Silverthorne parts was to be used in Intel mobile Internet devices (MIDs) whereas Diamondville was to be used in low-cost desktop and notebooks. Intel and Lenovo also jointly announced an Atom powered MID called the IdeaPad U8. In April 2008,

1628-582: The same tasks under both Android and Windows. In February 2017 Cisco reported a clock signal issue that would disable several of its products. Cisco stated, "we expect product failures to increase over the years, beginning after the unit has been in operation for approximately 18 months". Soon after, The Register broke the news that this issue was linked to the Intel Atom SoC, and reports of other vendors being affected started appearing online. Centrino The old platform-marketing brand name covered

1672-525: The use of the Atom in mission-critical server environments that demand redundancy and memory failure protection. (with On-die GPU , Intel 64 and Intel VT-x ) Atom processors became available to system manufacturers in 2008. Because they are soldered onto a mainboard , like northbridges and southbridges , Atom processors are not available to home users or system builders as separate processors, although they may be obtained preinstalled on some ITX motherboards. The Diamondville and Pineview Atom

1716-523: Was delayed until July 15, due to problems with integrated graphics and wireless certification. It is branded as Centrino 2 vPro when combined with built-in security and manageability features technologies. The codename Calpella refers to the sixth-generation Centrino platform. Though originally scheduled to premiere in Q3 2009 with the second iteration of Nehalem processors, Intel had stated that due to pressure from computer manufacturers, they would delay

1760-412: Was designed with Intel 64 support, due to a "limitation of the board" Intel had pulled their previously available 64-bit drivers for Windows 7 and would not provide any further 64-bit support. Some system manufacturers have similarly stated that their motherboards with Atom Cedarview processors lack 64-bit support due to a "lack of Intel® 64-bit VGA driver support". Because all Cedarview processors use

1804-467: Was later delayed until Montevina in 2008. It is branded as " Centrino Pro " when combined with the enhanced security technologies Intel introduced with vPro and " Centrino Duo " when they are not used. The codename Montevina refers to the fifth-generation Centrino platform, now formally named Centrino 2 to avoid confusion with previous Centrino platforms. It was scheduled for release at Computex Taipei 2008, which took place on June 3–7, 2008, but

LPIA - Misplaced Pages Continue

1848-634: Was not enabled on a Jetway-branded motherboard with a D2550 (Cedarview) processor. Even among Atom-based systems which have Intel 64 enabled, not all are able to run 64-bit versions of Microsoft Windows . For those Pineview processors which support 64-bit operation, Intel Download Center currently provides 64-bit Windows Vista and Windows 7 drivers for Intel GMA 3150 graphics, found in Pineview processors. However, no 64-bit Windows drivers are available for Intel Atom Cedarview processors, released Q3 2011. However, Intel's Bay Trail-M processors, built on

1892-572: Was put on hold due to lack of demand in 2010. On September 13, 2011, Intel and Google held a joint announcement of a partnership to provide support in Google's Android operating system for Intel processors (beginning with the Atom). This would allow Intel to supply chips for the growing smartphone and tablet market. Based on this collaboration, in 2012, Intel announced a new system on chip (SoC) platform designed for smartphones and tablets which would use

1936-478: Was ultimately discontinued in 2013. Technology Wireless Products Intel used " Carmel " as the codename for the first-generation Centrino platform, introduced in March 2003 . Industry-watchers initially criticized the Carmel platform for its lack of support for IEEE 802.11g , because many independent Wi-Fi chip-makers like Broadcom and Atheros had already started shipping 802.11g products. Intel responded that

#907092