78-699: L3 Technologies , formerly L-3 Communications Holdings , was an American company that supplied command and control , communications , intelligence , surveillance and reconnaissance ( C3ISR ) systems and products, avionics , ocean products, training devices and services, instrumentation , aerospace , and navigation products. Its customers included the Department of Defense , Department of Homeland Security , United States Intelligence Community , NASA , aerospace contractors, and commercial telecommunications and wireless customers. In 2019, it merged with Harris Corporation to form L3Harris Technologies . L3
156-487: A 2013 Russian money laundering investigation , Russian officials permanently banned him from entering Russia. The prosecution of Indian diplomat Devyani Khobragade by his office in 2013 led to a strain in India–United States relations . Upon the election of former U.S. President Donald Trump , Bharara was dismissed after refusing to submit his resignation as part of the 2017 dismissal of U.S. attorneys . Bharara
234-573: A Juris Doctor degree from Columbia Law School in 1993, where he was a member of the Columbia Law Review . In 1993, Bharara joined the law firm of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher as a litigation associate. In 1996, Bharara joined the firm of Shereff, Friedman, Hoffman & Goodman , where he did white-collar defense work. He was an assistant United States Attorney in Manhattan for five years, from 2000 to 2005, bringing criminal cases against
312-446: A U.S. magistrate judge forbidding the magazine from disclosing the existence of the subpoena to the commenters. The subpoena became public after being obtained by Popehat 's Ken White. The nondisclosure order caused controversy, with critics saying that it infringed the constitutional right to free speech and questioning whether the comments were actually serious threats or merely hyperbolic " trolling ." Federal prosecutors dropped
390-554: A deferred prosecution agreement that called for JPMorgan to forfeit $ 1.7 billion, the largest forfeiture ever demanded from a bank in American history—to settle charges that it and its predecessors violated the Bank Secrecy Act by failing to alert state and federal authorities about Madoff's actions. His office also handled the criminal prosecutions of several employees at Madoff’s firm and their associates. They were convicted by
468-573: A cleric who masterminded the 1998 kidnappings of 16 American, British and Australian tourists in Yemen; and Faisal Shahzad , the attempted Times Square bomber . Bharara also won a massive conviction and 25-year sentence for international arms smuggler Viktor Bout . In June 2012, The New York Times published an op-ed written by Bharara about the threat posed to private industry by cybercrime and encouraged corporate leaders to take preventive measures and create contingency plans . Bharara's tenure saw
546-489: A cover of Time magazine entitled "This Man is Busting Wall Street" for his office's prosecutions of insider trading and other financial fraud on Wall Street. From 2009 to 2012 (and ongoing), Bharara's office oversaw the Galleon Group insider trading investigation against Raj Rajaratnam , Rajat Gupta , Anil Kumar and more than 60 others. Rajaratnam was convicted at trial on 14 counts related to insider trading. Bharara
624-462: A discrete legal capacity (or "personality"), perpetual succession , and a common seal . Except for some senior positions, companies remain unaffected by the death, insanity, or insolvency of an individual member. The English word, " company ", has its origins in the Old French term compagnie (first recorded in 1150), meaning "society, friendship, intimacy; body of soldiers", which came from
702-457: A distinguished scholar in residence. In September 2017 he started a weekly podcast called "Stay Tuned with Preet", which features long-form interviews with prominent guests. In 2018, Bharara started a second podcast with former New Jersey Attorney General and fellow law professor Anne Milgram , "Cafe Insider", which also provides legal commentary on the latest news. After Milgram was nominated by President Joe Biden to serve as Administrator of
780-407: A jury on March 24, 2014. In 2012, federal prosecutors under Bharara sued Bank of America for $ 1 billion, accusing the bank of carrying out a mortgage scheme that defrauded the government during the depths of the financial crisis in 2008. In 2013, the jury found Bank of America liable for selling Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac thousands of defective loans in the first mortgage-fraud case brought by
858-583: A lawsuit with the U.S. Government. L3 was accused of knowingly providing the U.S. military with optics that failed in extreme temperatures and humid weather conditions. These sights were provided to infantry and special operations forces operating in Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as civilians and law enforcement. The civil fraud lawsuit was filed by Preet Bharara , in the Southern District of New York. The lawsuit alleged L3 officials have known since 2006 that
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#1732847648656936-526: A legal person so that the company itself has limited liability as members perform or fail to discharge their duties according to the publicly declared incorporation published policy. When a company closes, it may need to be liquidated to avoid further legal obligations. Companies may associate and collectively register themselves as new companies; the resulting entities are often known as corporate groups . A company can be defined as an "artificial person", invisible, intangible, created by or under law, with
1014-490: A mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared goals. Over time, companies have evolved to have the following features: "separate legal personality, limited liability, transferable shares, investor ownership, and a managerial hierarchy". The company, as an entity, was created by the state which granted the privilege of incorporation. Companies take various forms, such as: A company can be created as
1092-471: A number of notable prosecutions for computer hacking : Bharara moved to shut down several of the world's largest Internet poker companies. He prosecuted several payment processors for Internet poker companies. He effectively secured guilty pleas for money laundering . In April 2011, Bharara charged 11 founding members of internet gambling companies and their associates involved with pay processing with bank fraud, money laundering and illegal gambling under
1170-514: A pool, roof terrace, Turkish bath and indoor golf course. One of the companies named in the complaint, Prevezon, at the time had assets that included four condo units in the Financial District, each valued close to or in excess of $ 1 million, a $ 4.4-million condo at 250 East 49th Street in Turtle Bay, and an unknown amount of funds on deposit in eight separate Bank of America accounts in
1248-513: A spot on the Republican ballot in the 2013 New York City mayoral election through bribery and fraud. In 2014, Bharara's office began an inquiry into Gov. Andrew Cuomo 's decision to end the work of the Moreland Commission , an anticorruption panel. After a New York Times report documenting Cuomo's staff's involvement with the commission and subsequent statements by commissioners defending
1326-691: A three-year monitorship. Bharara has said that "there is no prosecutor’s office in the state that takes more seriously the responsibility to root out public corruption in Albany and anywhere else that we might find it, and I think our record speaks for itself." During his tenure, Bharara has charged several current and former officials in public corruption cases, including Senator Vincent Leibell , Senator Hiram Monserrate , NYC Councilman Larry Seabrook , and Yonkers City Councilwoman Sandy Annabi. Bharara’s office uncovered an alleged corruption ring involving New York State Senator Carl Kruger . In April 2012, Kruger
1404-540: A variety of unconventional tactics to close cases like wiretapping and asset seizure. He prosecuted nearly 100 Wall Street executives for insider trading and securities fraud using these legal methods. Bharara closed settlements with the four largest banks in the country and shut down multiple hedge funds . Known for his technocratic approach to prosecution, he routinely convicted both Democratic and Republican politicians on public corruption violations. Bharara occasionally pursued criminals extraterritorially . Following
1482-517: Is according to a review of secret State Department cables released by WikiLeaks. On April 13, 2013, Bharara was on a list released by the Russian Federation of Americans banned from entering the country over their alleged human rights violations . The list was a direct response to the so-called Magnitsky list revealed by the United States the day before. In 2012, Bharara was featured on
1560-429: Is alleged that Kasowitz had warned Trump, "This guy is going to get you." Bharara said a series of conversational phone calls from Trump made him increasingly uncomfortable about the appearance of potential improper contact between his office and Trump's. He claims he finally refused to take a phone call from Trump, and was dismissed 22 hours later. On April 1, 2017, Bharara joined New York University School of Law as
1638-467: Is said to have "reaffirmed his office’s leading role in pursuing corporate crime with this landmark insider trading case, which relied on aggressive prosecutorial methods and unprecedented tactics." In 2011 when hedge fund portfolio manager Chip Skowron pleaded guilty to insider trading, Bharara said: "Chip Skowron is the latest example of a portfolio manager willing to pay for proprietary, non-public information that gave him an illegal trading edge over
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#17328476486561716-510: The 2006 presidential dismissal of U.S. attorneys . He transferred to the U.S. Department of Justice in 2004 as an assistant U.S. Attorney, beginning his career as a federal prosecutor. His office heavily prosecuted the Italian mafia , convicting four out of the Five Families . Bharara similarly headed various counter-terrorism probes and cases, particularly against Al-Qaeda . His office used
1794-506: The Conference on Jewish Material Claims for defrauding Germany $ 42.5 million by creating thousands of false benefit applications for people who did not suffer in the Holocaust . This fraud had been going on for 16 years, was related to the $ 400 million that Germany pays out each year to Holocaust survivors. During his time in office, Bharara oversaw multiple notable art-fraud cases including
1872-695: The Drug Enforcement Administration , she was replaced as co-host with former U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Alabama Joyce Vance . The Showtime television series Billions gives a fictional portrayal of the U.S. Attorney's Office of the Southern District of New York's prosecution of financial crimes. The series is loosely based on the investigation of hedge fund manager Steven A. Cohen of S.A.C. Capital Advisors by Bharara's office. The show's fictional SDNY U.S. Attorney Charles "Chuck" Rhoades Jr., played by Paul Giamatti ,
1950-590: The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act . This decision turned on lack of intent to defraud at the time the contract to supply mortgages was made. In 2013, Bharara began investigating a money laundering fraud scheme in New York City operated by a Russian criminal organization. The alleged fraud links a $ 230 million Russian tax refund fraud scheme from 2008 to eleven U.S. real estate corporations. The underlying tax refund fraud
2028-521: The Immigration and Customs Enforcement ’s Homeland Security Investigations and Cyrus Vance Jr. , the District Attorney for New York County, Bharara's office announced that they had filed a civil forfeiture complaint, freezing $ 24 million in assets. If the court upholds the complaint, the government will seize the assets. During his first year in office, Bharara charged 17 managers and employees of
2106-462: The Kiryas Joel murder conspiracy , Bharara called it a "chilling plot," wherein the plotters "met repeatedly to plan the kidnapping and to pay more than $ 55,000 to an individual they believed would carry it out." The rabbis were convicted and sentenced to prison in 2017. Under Bharara, the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York "won a string of major terrorism trials." Bharara
2184-571: The Late Latin word companio ("one who eats bread with you"), first attested in the Salic law ( c. AD 500) as a calque of the Germanic expression gahlaibo (literally, "with bread"), related to Old High German galeipo ("companion") and to Gothic gahlaiba ("messmate"). By 1303, the word company referred to trade guilds . The usage of the term company to mean "business association"
2262-514: The Obama administration , including Bharara, to submit letters of resignation. Bharara declined to resign and was fired the next day from Trump's administration. In a statement, Bharara said that serving as U.S. Attorney was "the greatest honor of my professional life" and that "one hallmark of justice is absolute independence and that was my touchstone every day that I served." He was succeeded by his deputy attorney, Joon Kim , as acting U.S. Attorney for
2340-547: The U.S. Senate . He was sworn into the position on August 13, 2009. In September 2014, when Attorney General Eric Holder announced his intention to step down, Bharara was speculated as being a potential candidate as the next United States Attorney General , although Holder's ultimate named successor was Loretta Lynch . Bharara's office sent out agents to more than 25 countries to investigate suspects of arms and narcotics trafficking and terrorists, and bring them to Manhattan to face charges. One case involved Viktor Bout . Bout
2418-473: The United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 2009 to 2017. He is currently a partner at the law firm Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr . He served as an Assistant U.S. Attorney for five years prior to leading the Southern District of New York. Bharara first entered the public sector as chief counsel to Senator Chuck Schumer when Schumer was charged with investigating
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2496-653: The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 (UIGEA). The case is United States v. Scheinberg . Bharara and his office came to the limelight again in December 2013 with the arrest of Devyani Khobragade , the Deputy Consul General of India in New York, who was accused by prosecutors of submitting false work visa documents for her housekeeper and paying the housekeeper "far less than
2574-587: The Waterfront , operated by a Panamanian drug organization . In January 2011, Bharara's office participated in a multi-state organized crime takedown, charging 26 members of the Gambino crime family with racketeering and murder, as well as narcotics and firearms charges. This action was part of a coordinated effort that also involved arrests in Brooklyn; Newark, New Jersey , and Providence, Rhode Island ; according to
2652-464: The minimum legal wage ." The ensuing incident caused protests from the Indian government and a rift in India–United States relations ; Indians expressed outrage that Khobragade was strip-searched (a routine practice for all U.S. Marshals Service arrestees) and held in the general inmate population. The Indian government retaliated for what it viewed as the mistreatment of its consular official by revoking
2730-407: The shareholders . In a company limited by guarantee , this will be the guarantors. Some offshore jurisdictions have created special forms of offshore company in a bid to attract business for their jurisdictions. Examples include segregated portfolio companies and restricted purpose companies. However, there are many sub-categories of company types that can be formed in various jurisdictions in
2808-464: The $ 80-million Knoedler Gallery case, which was the largest art-fraud scheme in American history involving forged masterworks. of artists Mark Rothko , Robert Motherwell and others. Bharara brought charges in the $ 2.5-million case of John Re, a man from East Hampton, New York , who sold forged artwork by Jackson Pollock and others and was sentenced to five years in federal prison. Also Bharara charged Eric Spoutz , an American art dealer . Spoutz
2886-527: The American people and all the victims of terrorism can be vindicated without sacrificing our principles." Some of the high-profile terrorist figures convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment during Bharara's term include Sulaiman Abu Ghaith , Osama bin Laden's son-in-law.; They also included Khalid al-Fawwaz and Ahmed Khalfan Ghailani , Osama bin Laden aides who plotted the 1998 United States embassy bombings that killed 224 people; Mostafa Kamel Mostafa ,
2964-568: The FBI, this was the largest single-day operation against the Mafia in U.S. history. In August 2016, Bharara's office charged 46 leaders, members, and associates of La Cosa Nostra —including four out of the Five Families (Gambino, Genovese , Lucchese , and Bonanno )—in an extensive racketeering conspiracy. At a news conference on September 7, 2016 following the arrests of Shimen Liebowitz and Aharon Goldberg, which were two rabbis implicated in
3042-632: The Governor, Bharara warned of obstruction of justice and witness tampering. Bharara made national headlines after investigating 11-term Speaker of the New York State Assembly Sheldon Silver for taking millions of dollars in payoffs, leading to Silver's arrest in January 2015. Silver was subsequently convicted on all counts, triggering his automatic expulsion from the Assembly. Silver
3120-597: The ID cards and other privileges of U.S. consular personnel and their families in India and removing security barriers in front of the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi . Khobragade was subject to prosecution at the time of her arrest because she had only consular immunity (this which gives one immunity from prosecution only for acts committed in connection with official duties) and not the more extensive diplomatic immunity . After her arrest,
3198-512: The Indian government moved Khobragade to the Indian's mission to the U.N., upgrading her status and conferring diplomatic immunity on her; as a result, the federal indictment against Khobragade was dismissed in March 2014, although the door was left open to refiling of charges. A new indictment was filed against Khobragade, but by that point she had left the country. Speaking at Harvard Law School during its 2014 Class Day ceremony, Bharara said that it
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3276-400: The Southern District of New York has convicted more than 1,000 of approximately 1,300 people charged in 52 large-scale takedowns of street drug and drug trafficking organizations . On lowering violent crime rates, Bharara has said, "You can measure the number of people arrested and the number of shootings, but success is when you lift the sense of intimidation and fear." Bharara also oversaw
3354-506: The Southern District of New York. There were expressions of dismay over the firing from Howard Dean , U.S. Senators Chuck Schumer and Elizabeth Warren , and New York State Republican Assemblymen Steve McLaughlin and Brian Kolb, the Assembly Minority Leader. It has been reported that in spring 2017, Trump's personal attorney Marc Kasowitz told associates that he had been personally responsible for getting Bharara fired. It
3432-528: The U.S. government to go to trial. The civil verdict also found the bank’s Countrywide Financial unit and former Countrywide executive Rebecca Mairone liable. However, in 2016 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that the finding of fact by the jury that low-quality mortgages were supplied by Countrywide to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac supported only "intentional breach of contract," not fraud. The action, for civil fraud, relied on provisions of
3510-641: The US federal government. A US Department of Defense investigation had reportedly found that the company had, "used a highly sensitive government computer network to collect competitive business information for its own use." A US federal criminal investigation ended the temporary suspension on July 27, 2010. On November 4, 2010, L3 issued a part purge notification to prevent future use of Chinese counterfeit parts, but did not notify its customers whose display systems suffered from much higher than expected failure rates. In 2015, L3 Technologies agreed to pay $ 25.6 million to settle
3588-645: The United Kingdom, a partnership is not legally a company, but may sometimes be referred to (informally) as a "company". It may be referred to as a "firm" . In the United States , a company is not necessarily a corporation. For example, a company may be a " corporation , partnership , association, joint-stock company , trust , fund , or organized group of persons , whether incorporated or not, and (in an official capacity) any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, or similar official, or liquidating agent , for any of
3666-426: The average investor. The integrity of our market is damaged by people who engage in insider trading...." Skowron was sent to prison for five years. Bharara has often spoken publicly about his work and written an op-ed about the culture surrounding corporate crime and its effect on market confidence and business risk. After 85 straight convictions for insider-trading cases, he finally lost one on July 17, 2014. This
3744-594: The bosses of the Gambino crime family , Colombo crime family and Asian gangs in New York City. Bharara served as the chief counsel to Senator Chuck Schumer and played a leading role in the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary investigation into the firings of United States attorneys . Bharara was nominated to become U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York by President Barack Obama on May 15, 2009, and unanimously confirmed by
3822-509: The company changed its name from L-3 Communications Holdings, Inc. to L3 Technologies, Inc. to better reflect the company's wider focus since its founding in 1997. The company's website changed from L-3com.com to L3T.com, but the company's NYSE ticker symbol of LLL remained the same. In 2010, it was announced that L3's Special Support Programs Division had been suspended by the United States Air Force from doing any contract work for
3900-473: The company’s cars, each of which caused unintended acceleration . Under the terms of a deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) that Toyota entered into the same day the information was filed, Toyota agreed to pay a $ 1.2-billion financial penalty, the largest criminal penalty ever imposed on an auto manufacturer. The company also admitted the truth of a detailed statement of facts accompanying the DPA, and agreed to submit to
3978-400: The criminal planning phase and had even visited the street where one of the women lived, at the behest of another defendant. However, the defense and others who objected to the verdict argued that all he had done was fantasize, not plan, and that such thoughts or online posts, however twisted, were still protected. The defense team (Robert Baum and Julia L. Gatto) may ask the judge to set aside
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#17328476486564056-412: The foregoing". Less common types of companies are: When "Ltd" is placed after the company's name, it signifies a limited company, and "PLC" ( public limited company ) indicates that its shares are widely held. In the legal context, the owners of a company are normally referred to as the "members". In a company limited or unlimited by shares (formed or incorporated with a share capital), this will be
4134-424: The government into insuring risky loans. Bharara also made a criminal inquiry into Citibank's Mexican banking unit In 2014, Citi settled with federal prosecutors for $ 7 billion for ignoring warnings on risky loans. Almost as soon as he took office, Bharara began investigating the role of Bernie Madoff 's primary banker, JPMorgan Chase . This investigation was in the fraud. Eventually Bharara and JPMorgan reached
4212-456: The holographic sights being sent to Iraq and Afghanistan failed to perform as advertised in extreme temperature ranges. The lawsuit alleges that the FBI independently discovered the thermal drift defect, where the point-of-aim would shift when the sights were exposed to temperature extremes, in March 2015 and presented EOTech with "the very same findings that the company had documented internally for years. Shortly thereafter, EOTech finally disclosed
4290-435: The largest and most successful hedge-fund firms in the United States, SAC Capital Advisors LP, and its founder Steven A. Cohen. At USD$ 1.8 billion, it was the largest settlement ever for insider trading, and the firm also agreed to close down. Citibank was charged numerous times by Bharara's office and other federal prosecutors. In 2012, the bank reached a settlement with Bharara's office to pay $ 158 million for misleading
4368-664: The largest criminal sweep of gangs in Newburgh, New York , working with the FBI, the Department of Homeland Security's Immigration and Customs Enforcement and local law enforcement agencies to bring charges against members of the Newburgh Bloods and Newburgh Latin Kings gangs, among others. In 2010, Bharara oversaw the prosecution of eight longshoremen on charges of participation in a multimillion-dollar cocaine trafficking enterprise along
4446-631: The matter as moot. Reason magazine editors Matt Welch and Nick Gillespie characterized the subpoena and nondisclosure order as "suppressing the speech of journalistic outlets known to be critical of government overreach." Following the 2016 election , Bharara met with then- president-elect Donald Trump at Trump Tower in November 2016. Bharara said that Trump asked him to remain as U.S. Attorney, and he agreed to stay on. On March 10, 2017, U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions ordered all 46 remaining United States Attorneys who were holdovers from
4524-433: The message across clearly." (The comments were made under an article in the magazine of Forrest's sentencing of Silk Road owner Ross William Ulbricht to life in prison without parole.) In June 2015, a federal grand jury issued a subpoena to the libertarian magazine, demanding that it provide identifying information for the commenters. Following the issuance of the subpoena, federal prosecutors applied for an order from
4602-541: The name of different limited-liability companies registered in New York. In April 2013, Bharara gave the authorization to the FBI for the raid on the businessman, Alimzhan Tokhtakhunov 's apartment in Trump Tower . In April 2013, the case was personal for Bharara after Russia included him on the list 18 U.S. individuals banned from entering Russia in retaliation to the Magnitsky act . On September 10, 2013, with help from
4680-416: The projects. In early 2013, Bharara oversaw the conviction of New York City Police Department officer Gilberto Valle , who was part of an alleged plot to rape and then cook and eat (cannibalize) women. Bharara and his team argued that Valle had done more than hypothesize, think, or speculate (in online networks where such fantasies are discussed), but had moved on from being a possible danger to others to
4758-423: The reputation of the exchange or particular market of an exchange. Private companies do not have publicly traded shares, and often contain restrictions on transfers of shares. In some jurisdictions, private companies have maximum numbers of shareholders. A parent company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors;
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#17328476486564836-430: The second company being deemed a subsidiary of the parent company. The definition of a parent company differs by jurisdiction, with the definition normally being defined by way of laws dealing with companies in that jurisdiction. Preet Bharara Preetinder Singh Bharara ( / p r iː t b ə ˈ r ɑːr ə / ; born October 13, 1968) is an Indian-born American lawyer and former federal prosecutor who served as
4914-518: The thermal drift defect to the DoD." According to court documents, EOTech had advertised that its sights performed in temperatures ranging from -40 degrees to 140 degrees Fahrenheit, and in humid conditions. 40°44′57″N 73°58′33″W / 40.7492°N 73.9757°W / 40.7492; -73.9757 Company A company , abbreviated as co. , is a legal entity representing an association of legal people, whether natural , juridical or
4992-410: The verdict, or may appeal. If he does keep the felony conviction and is sentenced, Valle would automatically no longer serve in law enforcement. On April 2, 2013, Bharara unsealed federal corruption charges against New York State Senator Malcolm A. Smith , New York City Councilman Dan Halloran , and several other Republican party officials. The federal complaint alleged that Smith attempted to secure
5070-406: The world. Companies are also sometimes distinguished for legal and regulatory purposes between public companies and private companies . Public companies are companies whose shares can be publicly traded, often (although not always) on a stock exchange which imposes listing requirements / Listing Rules as to the issued shares, the trading of shares and future issue of shares to help bolster
5148-688: Was an advocate of trying terrorists in civilian federal courts rather than in the military commissions at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp . He contrasted his office's record of successfully convicting terrorists with the lengthy, secretive, and inefficient Guantanamo practice. In a 2014 interview, Bharara said the historical record would show that "greater transparency and openness and legitimacy" leads to "more serious and appropriate punishment." Citing his success in terrorism trials, Bharara stated: "These trials have been difficult, but they have been fair and open and prompt...in an American civilian courtroom,
5226-539: Was an arms trafficker, who lived in Moscow and had a deal involving selling arms to Colombian terrorists. Bharara argued that this aggressive approach is necessary in post 9/11 era. Defense lawyers criticized the stings, calling Bharara's office "the Southern District of the World." They also argued that American citizens would not appreciate other countries' treating them in such ways. Countries have not always rushed to cooperate. This
5304-625: Was born in 1968 in Firozpur , Punjab, India , to a Sikh father and Hindu mother. His parents immigrated to the United States in 1970. Bharara became a U.S. citizen at age 12. He grew up in Eatontown in suburban Monmouth County, New Jersey and attended Ranney School in Tinton Falls, New Jersey , where he graduated as valedictorian in 1986. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree magna cum laude from Harvard College in 1990. He then received
5382-408: Was charged with selling hundreds of fake paintings falsely attributed to American masters. Spoutz was sentenced to 41 months in federal prison and ordered to forfeit the $ 1.45 million he made from the scheme and to pay $ 154,100 in restitution. In March 2014, the U.S. Attorney's Office charged Toyota by information with one count of wire fraud for lying to consumers about two safety-related issues in
5460-405: Was first discovered by whistleblower and Russian lawyer. His name was Sergei Magnitsky , who was arrested under tax evasion charges, and within a year he was found dead in his prison cell—a suspicious circumstance. Bharara and his office stated that some of the illicit proceeds were laundered in the U.S. by purchasing luxury Manhattan and Brooklyn real estate, including a 35-story block that has
5538-629: Was first recorded in 1553, and the abbreviation "co." dates from 1769. According to the Company Law of the People's Republic of China , companies include the limited liability company and joint-stock limited company which founded in the mainland China. In English law and in legal jurisdictions based upon it, a company is a body corporate or corporation company registered under the Companies Acts or under similar legislation. Common forms include: In
5616-658: Was headquartered in Murray Hill, Manhattan , New York City . L3 was formed as L-3 Communications in 1997 to acquire certain business units from Lockheed Martin that had previously been part of Loral Corporation . These units had belonged to Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta , which had merged three years before in 1993. The company was founded by (and named for) Frank L anza and Robert L aPenta in partnership with L ehman Brothers . Lanza and LaPenta had both served as executives at Loral and Lockheed. As of 2017, L3
5694-664: Was organized under four business segments: Frank Lanza, CEO and co-founder, died on June 7, 2006. CFO Michael T. Strianese was named as interim CEO, and was later appointed Chairman, President and CEO of the company on October 23, 2006. In 2015, former Lockheed Martin executive Christopher E. Kubasik was named president and COO, with Strianese remaining as chairman and CEO. On July 19, 2017, Strianese announced that he would retire as CEO on December 31, 2017, to be succeeded by Kubasik, but would remain as board chairman. As of January 1, 2018, Christopher E. Kubasik became chief executive officer and president of L3 Technologies. L3 Technologies
5772-406: Was originally named L-3 Communications for the last initials of its founders Frank Lanza, Robert LaPenta, and Lehman Brothers . Despite the similarity in naming, there is no corporate connection between L3 Technologies, formerly known as L-3 Communications, and networking provider Level 3 Communications , whose name is often abbreviated "L3" in informal industry communication. On December 31, 2016,
5850-475: Was replaced by the first African-American speaker Carl Heastie . During the Silver prosecution, Judge Valerie Caproni criticized Bharara's public statements, writing that "while castigating politicians in Albany for playing fast and loose with the ethical rules that govern their conduct, Bharara strayed so close to the edge of the rules governing his own conduct." From 2009 to 2014, the U.S. Attorney's Office for
5928-432: Was sentenced to seven years in federal prison. In February 2011, Bharara announced the indictment of five consultants working on New York City’s electronic payroll and timekeeping project, CityTime , for misappropriating more than $ 80 million from the project. The investigation has expanded with five additional defendants being charged, including a consultant who allegedly received more than $ 5 million in illegal kickbacks on
6006-600: Was the U.S. Department of State , rather than his office that initiated and investigated proceedings against Khobragade and who asked his office to prosecute. During Bharara's term, the U.S. Attorney's Office investigated six Internet comments made on the website of Reason magazine in which anonymous readers made comments about U.S. District Judge Katherine B. Forrest of the Southern District of New York like "Its [sic] judges like these that should be taken out back and shot" and "Why waste ammunition? Wood chippers get
6084-540: Was when a jury acquitted Rajaratnam's younger brother, Rengan , of such charges. On October 22, 2015, Bharara dropped seven insider-trading cases two weeks after the U.S. Supreme Court refused to a review a lower court decision that would make it harder to pursue wrongful-trading cases. The conviction of Michael S. Steinberg was dropped; Steinberg was the highest-ranking officer of SAC Capital Advisors who had previously been convicted of insider trading. In 2013, Bharara announced criminal and civil charges against one of
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