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21-481: The B-5 was a development of the earlier K-5 with slightly greater power and dimensions. The main change was the increase in cylinder bore from 108 mm (4.25 in) to 117 mm (4.625 in) and a corresponding increase in displacement from 372 cu in (6.1 liters ) to 441 cu in (7.2 liters ). One difference the B-5 had from radial engines of other manufacturers was that each individual cylinder had its own camshaft ,

42-430: A cylinder bore to the centerline of the next cylinder bore adjacent to it in an internal combustion engine . It's also referred to as the "mean cylinder width", "bore spacing", "bore center distance" and "cylinder spacing". The bore pitch is always larger than the inside diameter of the cylinder (the bore and piston diameter) since it includes the thickness of both cylinder walls and any water passage separating them. This

63-503: A drastic make-over in 1964 to conventional "wedge" combustion chambers, then modified again for stud-mounted rocker arms, and finally underwent an even greater re-design to become the modern 5.7 liter hemi. All of these engines retain the original 4.460" bore pitch distance set down in 1956. "Hybrid" is the term commonly used to identify an engine modified for high performance by adapting a cylinder head from another (sometimes completely different) brand, size, model or type engine. Note: using

84-449: A later head of the same engine "family" isn't a true hybrid, but mere modernization. In some cases, two heads from the donor (source) engine are joined end-to-end to match the number of cylinders on the subject engine (such as using three cylinders each of two V8 heads on a Chevrolet inline-six). Identical or extremely similar bore pitch is what makes this possible, or (almost) impossible. Chrysler A engine The Chrysler A engine

105-404: A main bearing. Since the start-up expense of casting an engine block is very high, this is a strong incentive to retain this dimension for as long as possible to amortize the tooling cost over a large number of engines. If and when the engine is further refined, modified or enlarged, the bore pitch may be the only dimension retained from its predecessor. The bore diameter is frequently increased to

126-411: A system also used by the contemporary Soviet-built, 8.6 litre-displacement Shvetsov M-11 five cylinder radial, while most other radial engine designs used a "cam ring" for the same purpose, connected to every cylinder's valves. The B-5 was a rough running but reliable engine. The B-5 and its derivatives were produced in the thousands, powering many World War II trainer aircraft; its military designation

147-471: Is 3 + 1 ⁄ 8  in (79.4 mm; 3.13 in) for a piston displacement of 276.1 cu in (4,525 cc). It was replaced by the 301 in 1957, except for in low-priced Plaza models where it continued to be used during the 1957 model year. Power for the two-barrel version is 187 hp (139 kW); this increased to 200 hp (149 kW) for the four-barrel "Power Pack" version which also came equipped with dual exhausts. The Power Pack

168-416: Is an OHV small-block V8 gasoline engine built by Chrysler from 1956 until 1967. It featured polyspherical combustion chambers , and was offered in displacements from 276.1 cu in (4.5 L) to 325.2 cu in (5.3 L), and in various high-power configurations. It began to be replaced by the wedge-head LA engine in 1964, and is not related to the hemispherical-head Hemi engine of

189-639: Is one of the first dimensions required when developing a new engine, since it limits maximum cylinder size (and therefore, indirectly, maximum displacement), and determines the length of the engine (L4, 6, 8) or of that bank of cylinders (V6, V8 etc.). In addition, the positions of the main bearings must be between individual cylinders (L4 with 5 main bearings, or L6 with 7 main bearings - only one rod journal between main bearings), or between adjacent pairs of cylinders (L4 with 3 main bearings, L6 or V6 with 4 main bearings, or V8 with 5 main bearings - two rod journals between main bearings). In some older engines (such as

210-640: The 1950s or 1960s. The A engine was released in 1956, and was used exclusively in Plymouths until 1958 and in Chryslers and Dodges from 1959 on. The DeSoto and Dodge 270/315/325 poly used similar head architecture but was not related to the Plymouth A Engine, using its own heads and the same bottom end as the Dodge and Desoto Red Ram Hemi. The A engine cylinder bore center distance is 4.46 in (113.3 mm), larger than

231-454: The A engine called the 313 was produced from 1957 to 1967 primarily for Canadian and export markets. This engine has a bore of 3.875 in (98.4 mm) and the common 3.3125 in (84.1 mm) stroke, and was used in the following vehicles, amongst others: The 318 is the most common version of the A engine, produced from 1957 through 1966 in the US and 1967 in some export markets when it

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252-680: The Chevrolet Gen-2 " Stovebolt " inline-six, the GMC straight-6 engine , the Buick Straight-eight , and the Chrysler "Slant 6" ) the bore pitch is additionally extended to allow more material between the main bearing webs in the block. For example, in an L6 the first pair (#1 & 2), center pair (#3 & 4), and rear pair (#5 & 6) of cylinders that share a pair of main bearings have a smaller pitch than between #2 & 3 and #4 & 5 that "bridge"

273-407: The bore by the stroke, traditionally indicated whether an engine was designed for power at high engine speeds ( rpm ) or torque at lower engine speeds. The term "bore" can also be applied to the bore of a locomotive cylinder or steam engine pistons . The term bore also applies to the cylinder of a steam locomotive or steam engine . Bore pitch is the distance between the centerline of

294-476: The earlier Dodge-based poly engines. The A engine formed the design basis of the Chrysler LA engine, evidenced in the many parts that interchange between the two engine families. The 277 "Hy-Fire" was the first A-block engine, produced for 1955 in the fall of 1954 and sharing almost nothing but the basic concepts with other engines built by Chrysler. Bore is 3 + 3 ⁄ 4  in (95.3 mm) and stroke

315-455: The highest-output factory A engine. It was used in the 1957 and 1958 Plymouth Fury , but was also an option on Plymouth models lower in the model range. Bristol Cars introduced the 318 in the Mark II model of their 408 (in 1965) and continued to use it in the succeeding 409 and 410 until 1969. From 1962 until early 1965, Checker used this engine for their Aerobus limousines. The 326

336-422: The limit of minimal wall thickness, the water passage is eliminated between each pair of adjacent cylinders, the deck height is increased to accommodate a longer stroke, etc. but in general if the bore pitch is the same, the engines are related. As an example of development, the Chrysler 277" polyspheric V8, first introduced in 1956, was gradually increased in size by bore and stroke to 326" by 1959, then received

357-532: Was R-440 . The B-5 was followed by the R-5 and R-55. Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1938 Related development Comparable engines Related lists Bore (engine) In a piston engine , the bore (or cylinder bore ) is the diameter of each cylinder . Engine displacement is calculated based on bore, stroke length and the number of cylinders: The stroke ratio , determined by dividing

378-489: Was also fitted to the Facel Vega FV3 , of which 48 examples were built in 1956 and 1957. The Plymouth 301 replaced the 277 in 1957 and kept that engine's 3.125 in (79.4 mm) stroke. Its piston displacement is 299.6 cu in (4,910 cc), thanks to the larger 3 + 29 ⁄ 32  in (99.2 mm; 3.91 in) bore. These dimensions are entirely different from the 1955 Chrysler 301 . This engine

399-427: Was also installed in the 1957–1958 Facel Vega FV3B. The 1956 Plymouth 303 displaces 302.5 cu in (4,957 cc) and uses the same connecting rods as the 277; the bore is 3 + 13 ⁄ 16  in (96.8 mm; 3.81 in) and the stroke is 3 + 5 ⁄ 16  in (84.1 mm; 3.31 in). This engine was used in the following vehicles: A 313 cu in (5,121 cc) version of

420-469: Was launched in 1959 Dodges. Its actual piston displacement is 325.25 cu in (5,330 cc) but it was marketed as a 326 to avoid confusion with the Dodge Red Ram 325 . The 326 uses the same 3 + 5 ⁄ 16  in (84.1 mm) stroke as the 318, but with the largest bore of any A engine at 3 + 61 ⁄ 64  in (100 mm; 3.95 in). It uses hydraulic valve lifters , unlike

441-555: Was replaced in all markets by the LA 318 . Only Plymouth used this 318 in 1957 and 1958, but it was shared with Chrysler from 1959 on and Dodge from 1960 on. It displaces 318.2 cu in (5,214 cc) and has a 3.91 in (99.3 mm) bore and the 3.3125 in (84.1 mm) stroke. A high-performance version called the V-800, offered in 1957 and 1958, used two four-barrel Carter carburetors to produce 290 hp (216 kW), making it

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