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63-465: Kemayoran is between Jalan M.H. Thamrin , Ancol Dreamland , and the Port of Tanjung Priok . Its proximity between Jakarta's primary central business district, a Southeast Asian tourist hotspot, and one of the busiest ports in the world, has made Kemayoran a prime real estate for many local and foreign investors. Moreover, Kemayoran is 20 20-minute journey from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport . Kemayoran

126-414: A ban on motorcycles from using Jalan Thamrin and the adjoining Jalan Medan Merdeka Barat. The ban was lifted by governor Anies Baswedan in 2018. There are four intersections: Jalan M.H. Thamrin is currently served by Dukuh Atas BNI and Bundaran HI Bank DKI stations of Jakarta MRT . Sudirman station of KRL Commuterline and BNI City station of Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link are located at

189-521: A building which violate the Menteng style, but some projects resume until the houses are finished. Other problem related to the conservation of Menteng residential area are banning of businesses in the area despite the rising land taxes, fraud by architects of the newly renovated buildings, and the general lack of knowledge in conservation. The Menteng project was the first housing project in Jakarta that followed

252-455: A decentralized form of government, which marked the period of modern colonialism in Batavia. Many lands are repaired, canals are constructed, and the city is expanded. Lands were purchased for the expansion of the city, which included the settlements of Kemayoran, Petojo, Jatibaru, Cideng, Kramat, and Tanah Tinggi. These lands were allocated to lower-middle-class people. More affluent citizens such as

315-536: A new nickname for Kemayoran, "Belanda Kemayoran" (roughly translates to Kemayoran Netherlands). After Indonesian independence, a wave of urban migrants arrived in Kemayoran and Jakarta from various regions in Indonesia such as West Java , Central Java , Sumatra , Kalimantan , East Nusa Tenggara , and West Nusa Tenggara . Because of this, Kemayoran transformed into a more crowded settlement. In 1935, Kemayoran Airport

378-581: A small lane running from Koningsplein West (now Medan Merdeka Barat) to Kebon Sirih. This lane was known as Gang Timboel. Prominent landmark near this small lane was a 19th-century Armenian Church for the Armenian community of Batavia. The church has been demolished. The former location of the Armenian Church is the green within the complex of Bank Indonesia. The development of the suburb Kebayoran in 1949 raised

441-494: A variation of kroncong that originally came from Tugu (about 12 km east of present-day Jakarta), is a variation that is closely associated with Kemayoran. Because of rapid development, Kemayoran has transformed into a modern city itself. Consequently, cultural values such as the Betawi culture are threatened. Gambang music also developed in Kemayoran under the influence of China. The variation of gambang that developed in Kemayoran

504-457: Is a district ( Indonesian : kecamatan ) in the administrative city of Central Jakarta , Indonesia . Menteng is surrounded by the districts of Senen and Matraman to the east, Tebet and Setiabudi to the south, Tanah Abang to the west, and Gambir to the north. Menteng is bound by the West Flood Canal to the west, Ciliwung River to the south and east, and Kebon Sirih Road to

567-695: Is a fusion between the Dutch Transitional Period houses and local traditional houses. The area is connected with narrower streets, classified in Dutch as Laan , Straat or Weg . There were three types of small villas, the Tosari, the Sumenep, and the Madura, all were designed with garage and house servants facilities kept under 500 sqm, a prototype for houses in modern Indonesia. Residence class 6 and 7 were targeted for

630-506: Is a major thoroughfare in Jakarta , Indonesia . The road is located at the center of Jakarta, running from the north end of Jalan Jenderal Sudirman at West Flood Canal at the south end to the roundabout near Arjuna Wijaya Statue Jakarta at the north end. Developed in the 1950s, the road was a landmark of post-colonial Indonesia and continues to have a prominent importance in Jakarta. Thamrin Road

693-552: Is also an urban park of 22.3 hectares area which has a lake, a mangrove area, an amphitheater, viewing towers, jogging tracks, and a hanging bridge. Government agencies with head offices in Kemayoran include the National Search and Rescue Agency . Many indigenous cultures, especially the Betawi culture, flourished in Kemayoran. Among them is the kroncong music, a mixture of indigenous music and Portuguese fado music. Kroncong Tugu,

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756-533: Is classified as a secondary arterial road in Jakarta . The road passes through five urban administrative villages: Thamrin Road is closed to traffic every Sunday from 6:00 until 11:00 as part of Jakarta Car Free Days campaign. The Thamrin road is one of the Odd–even Traffic Restriction Scheme implementation zones (Monday to Friday, 06:00-10:00 and 16:00-21:00) The road that would become Thamrin Road first appear around late 1910s-1920s as

819-437: Is connected with wide boulevards. Houses in this class are generally one or two floored free-standing house ( vrijstaand huis ) with one or two wings/pavilions attached to the main building. Examples are the lavish houses along Jalan Imam Bonjol and surrounding Taman Suropati. Mid-low class residences The residence was classified as class 4 to 7. These are the most dominant type of houses in Menteng. The architecture style

882-471: Is often called Gambang Kemayoran and it is not referred to as Gambang Kromong because the kromong (a kind of percussion) is not used. Songs that were popular at the time included Onde-onde , Si Jongkong Kopyor , and Kapal Karem . The Wayang Kulit of Kemayoran originates from Javanese influences. The main difference is that the language used is the Betawi language instead of the Javanese language . During

945-519: Is serviced by Trans-Java Toll Road , which traverses the island of Java. As of 2022, the government has finished the construction of the Light Rail Transit (LRT) station in Kemayoran with the rest of Jakarta by that means. The district of Kemayoran comprises eight urban villages ( kelurahan ), having the postal/zip/area codes as follows: Even though the area that was known as Batavia stretches from Tangerang to Bogor , physical development

1008-652: Is still limited to the area near the city center around the Sunda Kelapa harbor area. Limitations of this development is partly due to the condition of Batavia being a walled city with fortifications because of many attacks from local Sultanates to seize Batavia, as well as because of the centralized system of the government. Only in 1810 that the city wall of Batavia was demolished, during the reign of Daendels . Meanwhile, rural areas and suburbs of Batavia are still largely 'untouched' with several native villages. These rural areas were later shared to several landlords, one of which

1071-517: Is the area that is now known as Kemayoran. The area that was known as Kemayoran was formerly land owned by the Dutch East India Company commander, Isaac de l'Ostal de Saint-Martin (ca. 1629–96). At the end of the 17th century, Isaac owned a large area in Java, which includes the area that is now Kemayoran, part of Ancol , Krukut at Tegalangus, and Cinere . Isaac held the title major , which

1134-487: Is where the name Kemayoran comes from. The name is Mayoran first appeared in Java Government Gazette on February 24, 1816, described as "a land close to Weltevreden" . Later, the area was known as Kemayoran until now. Until the early 20th century, Kemayoran was still dominated by swamps and paddies with small settlements. Administratively, Kemayoran was a Weekmeester governed by a Bek ("Defender"). After

1197-428: The 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing, which led to the need for renegotiation of the initial agreements. This initiative became a prototype for managing pedestrian areas through public-private partnerships. Landowners who contributed part of their property for public pathways were given incentives as recognition. The boundaries between private land and pedestrian pathways were marked with gold-colored metal strips. Up until

1260-545: The Golden Triangle – an agglomeration of Jakarta's three main financial districts. Among former residents are William Soeryadjaya , former presidents Suharto , Megawati Soekarnoputri and former US president Barack Obama – where he spent some of his childhood attending the Besuki Public and Saint Francis of Assisi Schools. Passenger railways host Gondangdia, Sudirman, and Cikini stations are located within, or on

1323-502: The Light rail and Trans-Java Toll Road , to support the rapid growth of the central business district of Kemayoran. In 1986, Kemayoran Airport was officially closed. Under the 2015-2019 National Medium-Term Long-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) proposed Kemayoran to become an area that had the opportunity to become a new city. The area that

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1386-775: The North–South Line of the Jakarta MRT [REDACTED] There are two stations: This road is also accessible with the Cikarang Loop Line of the KRL Commuterline [REDACTED] There is one station: M.H. Thamrin Road is also served by the Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link [REDACTED] There is one station: 6°11′26″S 106°49′23″E  /  6.190498°S 106.822924°E  / -6.190498; 106.822924 Menteng Menteng

1449-640: The Welcome Monument and stayed at Hotel Indonesia . For the Games itself, the same VIP visitors would be driven along Sudirman Road over the Semanggi cloverleaf bridge into the newly-opened Gelora Bung Karno sports complex where the competitions would take place. For the purpose of the game, both Thamrin and Sudirman Road were widened in the early 1960s. A regulation was also established which requires buildings along Thamrin Road to be minimum five-stories-high. This

1512-641: The independence of Indonesia , Kemayoran became part of the Sawah Besar district in Penjaringan, Jakarta Raya. From 1963 to 1968, Kemayoran was part of the district of Senen in Jakarta Raya. Ever since 1968, Kemayoran became a district of Central Jakarta . At first, the inhabitants of Kemayoran were natives from a mixture of several ethnic groups from the local kingdom of Pajajaran , Demak , Mataram , and several foreign nations who arrived as immigrants. After

1575-463: The 1817 Regerings-Almanak . In 1890, this private land was an estate of 73 hectares inhabited by 3,562 peasants, situated south of Kebon Sirih neighborhood (south of Koningsplein ). In 1901 the land recorded was being used for rice paddies , fields and coconut plantation. When the city of Batavia was confident to absorb new supply of middle-class housing – as well as to prevent further illegal kampung development from encroaching onto this area –

1638-480: The 1980s, the west part of Menteng was transformed into a commercial area, such as Sabang Street (now Agus Salim street), Jaksa Street, Teuku Cik Di Tiro Street, and Menteng Raya Street. Most of them changed into shops, hotels, offices, and restaurants. The Jalan Jaksa Festival is held every year in Jaksa Street. Since the 1990s, a community of architects, historians, preservationists, and re-greening advocates tried to

1701-562: The 2000s, Thamrin Road consisted of four carriageways consisting of local-express lanes , 3 lanes for the express lane and 2 lanes for the local lane. With the introduction of Transjakarta BRT in 2004, one of the lane of the express lanes was converted into a dedicated lane for the BRT. Eventually, Thamrin Road was made a dual carriageway by removing the separator of the local and express lanes. The Jakarta administration in December 2014 introduced

1764-656: The Australian Embassy, and the state-owned developer Pembangunan Perumahan. Sudirman Road was still relatively devoid of development during the early 1970s compare with Thamrin Road, with the exception of the Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex . Several parades were enacted along the major thoroughfare, including Jakarta's anniversary parade and Independence Day parade. Due to its strategic location, close to key landmarks such as Bundaran Hotel Indonesia, Monumen Selamat Datang, and Monumen Nasional, and as

1827-418: The Dutch occupied, there were immigrants from China, India, Sumatra, and East Indonesia that were used as workers for the expansion and development of Batavia or to participate in military service against Sultan Hasanuddin and Sultan Agung of Mataram. Under the government of Daendels , to collect funds for the construction of the new Anyer -Panarukan road, some lands were sold to private owners. Generally,

1890-551: The Dutch people and other higher class people live closer to the center, such as in the Menteng residential area. Many of the people who resided in Kemayoran were Indo people (mixed Dutch and Indonesian). Most of them lived in Jl. Garuda. Even after World War II , many former Dutch soldiers settled in Kemayoran. Around the 1930s, Kemayoran was known as a settlement of the Indo people, giving rise to

1953-578: The Indies - pointed out that real estate offices and the building trade have turned their attention to the needs of the upper middle class - particularly those of the Europeans, but moreover those of the small category categories of the other population groups in that class (i.e. natives and foreign orientals, mostly Chinese). The land that is now Menteng's residential area was originally privately owned estates located at Menteng and Gondangdia. Between 1755 and 1762,

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2016-465: The Menteng estate belonged to a Moor Assan Nina Daut. In 1790, the land was handed over to Pieter J. du Chene de Vienne. In 1815, the land was handed over to Jakob P. Barends. In 1867, the land was handed over to an Arab man from Hadramaut , one of the recorded descendants was the Shahap/Shahab family who were the landlords of the private land in what is now Menteng from 1881 to 1990, as recorded in

2079-592: The adjacent Logegebouw, which was the office of the burgemester , centrally positioned and facing the central park (now the Indonesian national development planning board (BAPPENAS)). Ghijsels's colleagues in the AIA, architect J.F.L. Blankenberg, designed some lavish residences in Menteng between 1926 and 1939 (after Ghijsels had returned to the Netherlands) e.g. the home of the owner of Wellenstein & Krausse Company (1926, now

2142-472: The architecture of old villas at the fringe of the Menteng project, some were converted into museums, otherwise demolished for new development. The residences of Menteng was classified into several classes according to a recommendation by the Department of Civil Works ( Burgerlijke Openbare Werken ): Mid-high class residences The residence was classified as class 1 to 3. The houses of these type were built in

2205-465: The buyers were of Dutch, Chinese, and Arabic origin. Among them were Roosendaal, H. Hussein Madani (Indo-Dutch), Abdullah, and De Groof. These landlords had the power to regulate land from users, who were the indigenous population and serfs . After slavery was abolished, these people became farmers who worked for the landlords, then the landlords would determine the taxes to be paid. In 1903, Batavia moved to

2268-454: The city decided to purchase the Menteng land and created the technical commission to oversee its development. De Bouwploeg was established to acquire a plot of land in Menteng and another 73 hectares of land from the Gondangdia private estate. The land in the Gondangdia private estate was bought by Bouw- en Cultuur Maatschappij Gondangdia from a Dutch widow J.V.D. Bergh in 1892, which at that time

2331-464: The city's next development plan. In the Kubatz plan, the street pattern was changed and a small pond (Situ Lembang) was added to the east of the central park area, originally named Bisschooplein after G.J. Bishop, mayor of Batavia (1916-1920). Other architects contributed to the character of Menteng Residential Area through landmarks. Architect Ghijsels designed Indies-styled houses, St. Paul's Church and

2394-493: The colonial era, Wayang Kulit was usually performed at ceremonies such as wedding ceremonies, circumcision ceremonies, and New Year parties. One of the popular artists associated with Kemayoran theater is Benyamin Sueb . Pencak silat , a martial art of the Betawi people , also became popular in Kemayoran. Styles of pencak silat developed in Kemayoran area are Beksi , Cingkrik , Si tembak , Sin lam ba , and Kolong meja . Until

2457-466: The colonial government officials and was known as Land Woningen Voor Ambtenaren (Dutch "Country Houses for Officials"). Generally, these houses are one-floored and can sometimes be a semi-detached house (Dutch koppel ). Entree Gondangdia ("Gondangdia Entrance") was constructed when Moojen designed and constructed the Bataviasche Kunstkring (1913-1914). The area which was formed by what

2520-478: The core area of Menteng and were targeted for high officials and high class Dutch or European civilians. The architecture style was known as " Transitional Period " ( Overgangs periode ), which is the style of architecture between the latest stage of " Oud Indische Huis " style, with its typical wide courtyard and wide terraces, to the more modern style called the New Indies Style or the "European Villa". The area

2583-568: The crisis, development was enacted again, such as the construction of St. Paul's Church . The Menteng Project provided commissions for growing architect and planning firms that had set up in Batavia, which included M.J. Hulswit , the very prominent A.A. Fermont and Eduard Cuypers , Biezeveld and Moojen, Bakker and Meyboom, AIA . Other firms active in Menteng Project were Semarang-based Karsten , Lutjens, Toussaint, and Henri Maclaine Pont ; and Bandung-based C.P. Schoemaker and Associates . In

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2646-625: The early projects situated in Thamrin Road were Sarinah Department Store , Bank Dagang Negara building (now Wisma Mandiri), Ministry of Religion building, Wisma Nusantara , Hotel Indonesia and the prominent Bundaran Hotel Indonesia . Thamrin Road was largely completed by 1953. With the arrival of the 1962 Asian Games , President Sukarno imagined the VIP visitors for the Asian Games arriving at Kemayoran Airport , drove along Thamrin Road, be greeted by

2709-541: The first business district in Jakarta, Jalan MH Thamrin has significant historical value in the city's growth. To address the growth along Jalan MH Thamrin, a study for the redevelopment of Jalan MH Thamrin, including Bundaran Hotel Indonesia, was proposed in 1985. The focus was on improving the quality of pedestrian pathways and enhancing accessibility to public transportation. Well-designed pedestrian pathways aimed to connect TransJakarta Corridor 1 (Jakarta's first BRT corridor) and prepare for MRT accessibility, integrating

2772-504: The first law of urban planning in Batavia, known as Bataviasche Bouwverordening . Menteng was influential in the introduction of a new Indies architectural language. New Indies Style , a modern architectural movement in the Dutch Indies, was strongly implemented in Menteng. The new style combines the old Indisch style one-storey villas with modern two-storey structures. Prominent roof form (e.g. mansard roof and pyramid-shaped hip roof)

2835-486: The late 80's, it is a common routine for children to practice pencak silat after the Isha prayers . During the 1990s, much of the traditional art and culture of Betawi characteristic of Kemayoran slowly disappeared. There are many folklores associated with Kemayoran, usually involving the conflict between the indigenous people of Kemayoran and the Dutch kompeni (local term for Dutch East India Company who applied huge taxes to

2898-465: The limits of Menteng. Thamrin Road is a major transportation artery in the district, with numerous offices, embassies, shopping centres, and residential apartments. Menteng Park is also located nearby. The district of Menteng is divided into five kelurahan or subdistricts: The Menteng residential area is located in the Menteng district. The residential area spreads over the administrative villages of Menteng and Gondangdia. Menteng residential area

2961-765: The local people.) One of the popular heroes from the legend is Murtado "Si Macan Kemayoran" ("the Kemayoran Tiger") who protected the Kemayoran village area against the Dutch East India Company henchmen and the local bully who oppressed the villagers. Kemayoran can be reached by bus, train, taxi, or Angkot . Kemayoran station of KRL Commuterline is located in the area. The area is served by Transjakarta corridor 12. Jalan M.H. Thamrin Jalan M.H. Thamrin or Jalan Thamrin ( M.H. Thamrin Avenue or Thamrin Avenue )

3024-608: The need to link the suburb with the city center of Jakarta, and thus work on a new "highway" began in the same year. The northern half of this new highway received the name Jalan M.H. Thamrin by January 1951, after Indonesian National Hero Mohammad Husni Thamrin . To avoid the occupation of the newly opened lands by illegal squatters - a major problem at the time - the government sold these lands cheaply to those who committed to build on it within three to six months. Despite this, time extensions had to be granted because buyers could not arrange finance or procure building materials. Among

3087-525: The north. Menteng is the district seat of the Central Jakarta government. Menteng started as a neighbourhood project, characterised by a new urban design developed mainly in the 1910s as a residential area for Dutch Indonesians , the upper middle class, and high officials. At that time it was the first garden suburb in colonial Batavia . Today, the area is considered as one of the most expensive neighbourhoods in Jakarta due to its location being within

3150-440: The post-colonial period, the prestige of Menteng was transferred to the indigenous urban elite of Jakarta. Escalating land values in the center of Jakarta exerted pressures on the edges of Menteng to convert to more intensive non-residential uses in later years. A 1975 gubernatorial decree declared Menteng a cultural heritage area, citing its distinctive architecture, which often includes high, slanting roofs and ample gardens. During

3213-399: The preserve the quality of the Menteng original plan. Presently, conservation of Menteng residential area has shown many problems. Despite being a cultural heritage area, many houses were renovated into a Neoclassical style by newcomers, a style which has no relation with Menteng residential area's characteristic early 20th-century modern architecture. Authorities may stop the construction of

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3276-983: The residence of the US Ambassador to Indonesia), home of the Governor of Jakarta (1939), and several lavish residences for local businessmen along Jalan Imam Bonjol (one of which is now the National Proclamation Museum ). During the 1932-1937 Great Depression , development of Menteng slowed down. During the period, houses in Menteng were built in two levels, partly to expand the building area without having to increase land plot. These two-floors buildings were partly inspired by similar houses designed by Moojen in Kramat V-VII in 1919. These houses in Menteng were located in van Heutszboulevard (Jalan Teuku Umar), van Breen weg (Jalan Latuharhari), Nassau Boulevard (Jalan Imam Bonjol) and Oranje Boulevard (Jalan Diponegoro). After

3339-533: The road with surrounding buildings. The negotiation process lasted 17 years and involved five different master plans due to concerns from landowners, primarily regarding security. Led by Governor Sutiyoso, the study and negotiations were carried out by the Provincial Government of Jakarta, supported by Pusat Studi Urban Desain (PSUD), and Pandega Desain Weharima (PDW). This process encountered setbacks following

3402-515: The south end of the road as a part of Dukuh Atas TOD . There are four stops for the TransJakarta busway along Jalan M.H. Thamrin, mainly serving for Route 1 , 6A , and 6B . They are: The Transjakarta routes that serves the M.H. Thamrin Road are: Apart from Transjakarta, here are the list of public transportation routes that serve the M.H. Thamrin Road: The M.H. Thamrin Road is also served by

3465-519: Was characteristic of house design in Menteng. Other characteristic element of houses in Menteng were front terraces, wide courtyard, characteristic textures in the wall, tall windows and doors with cross ventilations. Other architectural style popular in Menteng during its development were mostly early 20th-century modern movement e.g. Art Deco , Dutch Nieuwe Zakelijkheid , the original New Indies Stye , and Art Nouveau . Older style e.g. Classicist Empire Style and Old Indies Style sometimes appeared in

3528-470: Was difficult to achieve due to lack of funding and commercial building expertise at that time, and the fact that there were already several two-story government buildings along Thamrin Road. In the beginning of 1970s, Thamrin Road was already a major thoroughfare of Jakarta as envisaged by Sukarno. Buildings reached a minimum height of five stories e.g. ICA building (later the United Nations), Hotel Asoka,

3591-757: Was formerly an airport was gradually turned into other developments such as Jakarta International Expo and Kotabaru Bandar Kemayoran (both of these were located in Pademangan District in North Jakarta instead of Kemayoran District in Central Jakarta . Kemayoran Planning and Development Center (PPK) is responsible for the development as well as monitoring of the area. Kota Baru has an area of 454 hectares. At present, there are several vertical residential designation blocks, office blocks, hospitals, shopping center blocks as well as five and four-star hotels. There

3654-495: Was inhabited by 3,052 peasants. Moojen's original plan for Menteng resembles the garden city model of Ebenezer Howard . The plan combined wide cross-cutting boulevards with concentric rings of streets and a central public square. At the northern entrance to the Menteng residential area, he designed civic landmarks: the Art Center , the cultural center of early 20th-century Batavia. Although planning for Menteng began in 1910, it

3717-406: Was intended to connect Tanah Abang (an important market place) to the west and Meester Cornelis to the east. The Java Street ( Javaweg , now Jalan HOS Cokroaminoto) was to serve as a north–south connector from Kebon Sirih to the southern fringe of Batavia, the boundary was marked at that time by the line of a flood canal . Moojen's plan was later extensively modified by F.J. Kubatz as part of

3780-408: Was not until 1912 that Moojen's revised plan was officially unveiled. Key difference with the original garden city model was that Menteng was not intended to be a freestanding, self-contained place, but to link up with adjacent residential areas. For example, the broad Nassau Boulevard (now Jalan Imam Bonjol) that bisected the Menteng residential area adjacent to the central square (now Taman Suropati )

3843-643: Was opened. This started to change the economy of Kemayoran from agriculture to service, but many areas of Kemayoran were still sparsely distributed settlements with vacant land. With the opening of the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and the closure of the Kemayoran Airport , Kemayoran was able to be transformed into the new central business district of Jakarta. Since then, many entertainment centres, hotels, and offices have been built. The government added numerous infrastructure such as

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3906-437: Was responsible for planning and developing the larger area of Gondangdia ( Nieuw Gondangdia ) of which Menteng was the centerpiece. The Menteng Project was the most ambitious residential planning project between 1910 and 1939. The project was meant to be the southern expansion of the city Batavia. Karsten , in his 1939 memorandum to the colonial government, referring to Menteng Project and several other residential projects in

3969-512: Was the first modern housing estate in Jakarta . It was developed by the private real estate company N.V. de Bouwploeg, established by P.A.J. Moojen who had been active in Batavia since 1930. The plan of Menteng residential area was designed by Moojen and F.J. Kubatz during the course of the 1910s. Moojen was also a member of a development group established by Batavia city government, the Commisie van toesicht op het Geheer van het Land Menteng , which

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