62-545: Kelso may refer to: Places [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] Kelso, New South Wales Kelso, Tasmania Kelso, Queensland Canada [ edit ] Kelso Conservation Area , Ontario, containing Lake Kelso Kelso, a village in Regional Municipality of Halton , Ontario New Zealand [ edit ] Kelso, New Zealand South Africa [ edit ] Kelso, KwaZulu-Natal ,
124-553: A servant , a cow, four bushels [141 litres] of wheat, an allotment in the new town, and to receive into the King's Store at Bathurst all the Wheat they can grow for the first 12 months. In the early years of settlement, Bathurst was a base for many of the early explorers of the NSW inland, including George Evans in 1815, John Oxley in 1817–1818, Allan Cunningham in 1823, and Thomas Mitchell during
186-651: A sewage treatment system. Town gas had arrived in Bathurst courtesy of a private venture in 1872, with the Council providing a competing network from 1888. On 30 June 1914, the Council purchased the Wark Bros gas system and combined the gas networks. The old gasworks plant on Russell Street (now out of use) was built in 1960. In 1987 natural gas arrived via a new 240 km spur pipeline off the Moomba to Sydney pipeline. The early part of
248-526: A major problem for the authorities. Ben Hall , one of the period's most notorious bushrangers, was married in St Michael's Church at Bathurst in 1856. In October 1863, Hall and four other members of his gang raided Bathurst, robbing a jeweller's shop, bailing up the Sportsmans Arms Hotel, and engaging the police in a shootout. They returned three days later and held up more businesses. A few members of
310-767: A national hunt hurdle race in Scotland Other uses [ edit ] Kelso (name) , a surname and a given name, including a list of people with the name MV Kelso , a fishing vessel, later named MY Titanic Kelso & Company , an American private equity firm Kelso River , a stream in Minnesota, U.S. Michael Kelso , a fictional character in That '70s Show See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Kelso All pages with titles containing Kelso Kelsey (disambiguation) Kelso High School (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
372-544: A new Hudson ambulance. A new ambulance station was opened 2 March 1929 and is still used by the NSW Ambulance Service. Motor cars were becoming common in the early 20th century and the need for road service patrols commenced in 1927, provided by the NRMA using a motorcycle/sidecar response vehicle. The early electronic media age arrived with the opening of commercial radio station 2BS on 1 January 1937. Bathurst Aerodrome
434-589: A new concrete single track rail bridge structure alongside and brought into use in 2011); the four lane Evans Bridge which opened in 1995; the Denison Bridge opened in 1870 (closed to road traffic and now a pedestrian bridge); the Gordon Edgell Bridge, a low−level bridge located on George Street; and Rankens Bridge at Eglinton . Two physical components comprise the Bathurst region; the Bathurst Basin and
496-487: A northern latitude. On 5 July 1900, Bathurst received a freak snowfall measuring at 68 centimetres (27 in) in the main street. Bathurst is relatively dry year round, as it lay in a rain shadow on account of its sheltered valley location flanked by hills and ranges on all sides. On 11 February 2017, Bathurst Ag recorded a new record high temperature of 41.5 °C (106.7 °F), although temperatures of 40 °C (104 °F) are exceedingly rare for Bathurst. There
558-523: A number of heritage-listed sites, including: Bathurst's place in Australia's history is evidenced by the large number of landmark monuments, buildings, and parks. In the centre of the city is a square known as Kings Parade. Originally a market area from 1849 to 1906 , it was redesignated as a public recreation ground and site for a soldiers memorial. Kings Parade now contains three memorials, an open space park and gardens. The Bathurst War Memorial Carillon
620-513: A number of heritage-listed sites, including: Holy Trinity Church was the first inland church in Australia. It was built in 1835 to serve the Anglican parish of Kelso. It was the first Australian church consecrated by a bishop. The church has a close association with early settlement west of the Great Dividing Range . The church is surrounded by an historical cemetery, which contains many of
682-493: A population of 37,396 in 2021. Bathurst is often referred to as the Gold Country, as the area was the site of Australia's first discovery of payable gold in 1851, and where the continent's first gold rush occurred. Today education, tourism and manufacturing drive the economy. The internationally known racetrack Mount Panorama is a landmark of the city. Bathurst has a historic city centre with many ornate buildings remaining from
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#1732847636374744-413: A small cannery in 1926. In 1930, he formed the company Gordon Edgell & Sons which became, and still is, a famous Australian food brand, now owned by Simplot . Many attempts were made to start a university college, the earliest attempts were 1912 through to 1947 when real progress was made with plans for a state teachers college. The first intake of teacher students came at the beginning of 1951 with
806-570: A small coastal village south of Durban United Kingdom [ edit ] Kelso, Scottish Borders , Scotland Kelso railway station United States [ edit ] Kelso, Arkansas Kelso, California Kelso Dunes Kelso Mountains Claraville, California formerly Kelso Kelso Township, Dearborn County, Indiana Kelso Township, Sibley County, Minnesota Kelso, Missouri Kelso Township, Scott County, Missouri Kelso Site in Hooker County, Nebraska,
868-433: A total of around 100,000 migrants before its closure in 1952, when Villawood Migrant Centre was opened. Officially Bathurst Migrant Reception and Training Centre, it was usually referred to as Bathurst Migrant Camp. Bathurst's population has had rapid growth periods throughout its history; during the mid to late 19th century gold rush period, then post World War 2 when migrants from the war ravaged countries were settled in
930-451: A waterworks was built to the south of the town on the river with the water pumped through piping laid progressively to the businesses and private dwellings. In 1931, work started on the 1,700 ML Winburndale Dam project to gravity feed water through a wood stave pipe laid to the town. The scheme was opened by the Premier of New South Wales on 7 October 1933. Later, a new larger water supply dam
992-539: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bathurst, New South Wales Bathurst ( / ˈ b æ θ ɜːr s t / ) is a city in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales , Australia. Bathurst is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) west-northwest of Sydney and is the seat of the Bathurst Regional Council . Founded in 1815, Bathurst is the oldest inland settlement in Australia and had
1054-411: Is a 30.5 metres (100 ft) tall tower structure located in the centre of Kings Parade. The Parade is located in the centre of Bathurst's CBD. The Carillon is a memorial to the soldiers who died in the two World Wars. The bell tower contains 49 bronze bells cast by John Taylor & Co in 1928 that are rung daily at lunchtime, and an eternal flame on the platform level of the structure. The Carillon
1116-453: Is a reading of 44.7 °C (112.5 °F) on 12 January 1878 at the Gaol, however such a reading may have been subject to overexposure. The highest minimum temperatures on record are 28.1 °C (82.6 °F) on 14 January 1939, and 27.8 °C (82.0 °F) on 20 November 1904. The lowest recorded temperature was −10.6 °C (12.9 °F) on 31 July 1873; and the lowest maximum temperature
1178-670: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Kelso, New South Wales Kelso is a suburb of Bathurst , New South Wales , Australia , in the Bathurst Regional Council area. Kelso was the original European settlement in the area. In 1816, the initial settlement of Bathurst was established on the eastern banks of the Macquarie River , in current-day Kelso. The first ten farmers in Kelso were each given 50 acres (20 ha); five were newborn colonials and five were immigrants. Kelso has
1240-522: Is located on William, George, Howick, Russell, and Durham Streets. The CBD is about 25 hectares (62 acres) in area and covers two city blocks. Banking, government services, shopping centres, retail shops, a park (shown) and monuments are in this area. Bathurst has retained a mix of main street shopping along with enclosed shopping centres within the CBD, unlike other towns where the CBD focus has split between main street and new shopping centre developments located in
1302-593: Is now called Bathurst was originally occupied by the Muurrai clan of the Wiradjuri people. It was known as dalman or place of plenty. Yam fields were cultivated on the fertile floodplain and fire-stick farming was utilised to maintain grassy pasture for wild game. The Wiradjuri were noted by early colonists for their neat mandiyaba or possum-skin cloaks which were decorated with artistic etchings known as burwurr . British colonial settlement into this area began in 1815 and
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#17328476363741364-497: Is the dominant feature of Bathurst granite (intruded in the Devonian period) and at Mount Panorama and Mount Stewart basalt occurs. Topography of the region ranges from slightly undulating to rough and very steep country, about 30 km to the east of Bathurst is the folded and faulted sedimentary and metamorphosed formations of the Great Dividing Range which runs roughly north–south. Bathurst's central business district (CBD)
1426-463: The Great Dividing Range in the Macquarie River plain ; also known as the Bathurst plains. The Macquarie River, which is part of the Murray-Darling basin , the largest river system in Australia, runs through the centre of the city. A number of levee banks have been erected in Bathurst to protect the region from occasional flood events. Mount Panorama is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from
1488-565: The Hunter Region . Bathurst is also on the Main Western railway line that starts at Sydney Central and proceeds for 242 kilometres (150 mi) by rail to Bathurst. The Macquarie River divides Bathurst with the CBD located on the western side of the river. Four road bridges and two rail bridges span the river within the city area. From the upstream side they are: Macquarie River Railway Bridge (built in 1876 ) closed in 2011 (replaced with
1550-768: The New South Wales gold rush in the mid to late 19th century. The median age of the city's population is 35 years; which is particularly young for a regional centre (the state median is 38), and is related to the large education sector in the community. The city has had a moderate population growth of 1.29% year-on-year averaged over the five years until 2019, making Bathurst the tenth fastest-growing urban area in New South Wales outside Sydney. This growth over recent years has resulted in increased urban development, including retail precincts, sporting facilities, housing estates and expanding industrial areas. The area around what
1612-496: The Second Australian Imperial Force 's 1st Armoured Division ; however, it was later converted to an infantry training centre due to the unsuitability of the closely settled area to armoured training. Following World War II , the camp was converted to a migrant reception and training centre , with the first group of migrants arriving in 1948. At times the centre had up to 10,000 residents at one time, taking in
1674-564: The 'Beyers-Holtermann Specimen', this being the world's largest specimen of native gold ever discovered, a record that still stands today. One illustration of the prosperity gold brought to Bathurst is the growth and status of hotels and inns . The first licensed inn within the township was opened in 1835, the Highland Laddie . At the peak of hotel activity in 1875, coinciding with the gold rush period, there were 61 operating concurrently. A total of 89 hotel locations have been identified in
1736-555: The 1830s. In 1819, frontier conflicts between local Wiradjuri groups and encroaching settlers began when Aboriginal people were shot and others mauled by the colonists' dogs. When Governor Brisbane opened the Bathurst area to wider colonisation from 1822, the subsequent large influx of graziers led to a more intense conflict over land and resources known as the Bathurst War . The Wiradjuri, led by leaders such as Windradyne , continued to resist settler encroachment until martial law
1798-624: The British flag at the Grand Depot, ordered a ceremonial volley to be fired and named the military outpost as Bathurst after the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies , Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst . Bathurst thereby became the oldest inland British settlement in Australia. William Cox, who was appointed the first Commandant of Bathurst, and William Lawson were promised large grants of land in
1860-638: The CBD and effectively within the city limits; it is 877 metres (2,877 ft) AMSL and rises 215 metres (705 ft) above the Bathurst CBD. The Great Western Highway , which begins in the centre of the city of Sydney, ends at Bathurst. Two main state highways start at Bathurst: the Mitchell Highway to Bourke and the Mid-Western Highway to Hay . Bathurst is about mid-way along a regional road route from Canberra and Goulburn to Mudgee and
1922-600: The Kelso/Bathurst district's pioneers . Opening in 1976 and formally known as Kelso High School, the Kelso High Campus makes up the Denison College of Secondary Education along with Bathurst High Campus. Kelso previously had a railway station on the Main Western line . It opened on 4 February 1875 and was closed on 6 April 1975. It is now served by coach services. This Central West geography article
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1984-553: The NSW Parliament. Prior to 1856, Bathurst was a part of the Electoral district of Western Boroughs . Before the 1920s, Bathurst was a single member constituency , in the 1920s it became a multimember district with proportional representation . During the middle part of the 20th century the seat was marginal between Labor and Country Parties, from 1981 when the strong Labor town of Lithgow moved from Blue Mountains to Bathurst,
2046-557: The Ribbon Boys were hanged in Bathurst for their crimes. The site of the first and largest public hanging in Bathurst is still marked by the laneway sign Ribbon Gang Lane in the CBD. Bathurst became the first gold centre of Australia. Flecks of gold were first discovered in the Fish River in February 1823, but it was on 12 February 1851 in a Bathurst Hotel that Edward Hargraves announced
2108-651: The Tablelands areas. They are drained by the Macquarie, Turon , Fish and Campbells Rivers to the north and Abercrombie and Isabella Rivers to the south. The central basin area of the Bathurst area is mainly granite soils while in the north area sandstone , conglomerates , greywacke , siltstones , limestones and minor volcanos predominate. The south is more complex geology with siltstones, sandstones, greywacke, shales and chert , basalt and granite intrusions and embedded volcanic and limestones. Underlying Bathurst
2170-407: The area and returning soldiers were offered farming land, and at the start of this century has been another fast growth period corresponding in part to Sydney's congestion. Other periods have seen a slightly declining population, including the decade around the 1900s and during the 1960s. The following chart illustrates the growth from 1856 to recent times. Bathurst is located on the western edge of
2232-581: The area and soon sent herds of their livestock to the region. The Bathurst region was opened up to wider British settlement in 1818 when Macquarie granted ten men 20 hectares (50 acres) of land each. These men were William Lee , Richard Mills, Thomas Kite, Thomas Swanbrooke, George Cheshire, John Abbott, John and James Blackman, John Neville and John Godden. These grants were located at what is now White Rock and Kelso . In 1818, Governor Macquarie stated in his diary: This morning I inspected 10 new settlers for Bathurst. I have agreed to grant each 50 acres of land,
2294-487: The century saw electricity arrive initially for street lighting ; the city converted from gas street lighting to electric lighting on 22 December 1924, when 370 electric lights at a cost of £40,000 were switched on. Lighting spread along streets through to 1935, over time to businesses and finally private houses. Sewage treatment was an early infrastructure project funded by the state government and built in 1915. Water supply started with private wells in backyards. Eventually
2356-571: The coaching workshops located in Bathurst and the Bathurst Information Centre contains a restored Cobb & Co. coach. Bathurst later became the centre of an important coal-mining and manufacturing region. The Main Western railway line from Sydney reached Bathurst in 1876. From that time, the town became an important railway centre with workshops, crew base with locomotive depot and track and signal engineering offices. It remains today as
2418-451: The discovery of payable gold 26 miles (42km) north-west at the confluence of two creeks, a spot soon named Ophir . Further discoveries followed quickly nearby in Sofala and Hill End , and by the 1860s Bathurst's economy was transformed by the discovery of the region's gold and began to boom. The area's fame grew even more in 1872 when Hill End became famous for Bernhardt Holtermann 's finding of
2480-509: The district. The town in 1885 was a hub for stores such as E.G. Webb & Co. with supplies and distribution occurring throughout large parts of western NSW and into Queensland and South Australia. This period is characterised by periods of slow to moderate population growth, with industrial and education industries developing and technology and services delivered to the town. Several major infrastructure developments arrive such as distributed town gas , electricity , town water supplies, and
2542-461: The federal committees key requirements for the capital to have: "centrality and accessibility of situation, salubrity, and capacity for impregnable defence". The proposed site for the capital city would have been slightly north-west of Bathurst, straddling the Macquarie River, at the locality known as Elrington. An Australian Army camp was established at Bathurst in early 1940, intended for
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2604-553: The gang spent time in Bathrust Gaol, including Fred Lowry and John Peisley , who was hanged there for murder in 1862. The Cobb & Co business was a horse drawn coaching transport business originally established in Victoria but relocated to Bathurst in 1862 to follow the gold rush. The business provided gold escorts, mail services and passenger services to the towns and rural settlements. Cobb & Co. coaches were constructed in
2666-439: The mountainous nature of the country around Bathurst and assisting the development of storm cells. These storms do not often strike the city and instead move either in a south-east or north-east direction away from Bathurst. Bathurst gets 106.9 clear days annually. In winter, light to moderate snowfalls occur each year on the high country around Bathurst, while snow is relatively rare in the city itself due to its low elevation at
2728-454: The newer suburbs is Marsden Estate, in Kelso. Due to its elevation, Bathurst has an oceanic climate ( Cfb ), according to the Köppen climate classification . Bathurst is in Australia's cool temperate zone, having warm summers and cool to cold winters with four distinct seasons. Regular spring and summer thunderstorms are common, resulting from the flat plains country to the west, leading into
2790-640: The official opening on 9 November 1951. The college has transformed over time into the Mitchell College of Advanced Education on 1 January 1970. The college grew and ultimately became the Charles Sturt University on 19 July 1989. Bathurst was one of the locations to campaign to be the site of the new federal capital. In an essay prepared by a journalist with the Bathurst Times , Price Warung, in 1901 to promote Bathurst's candidacy, he responds to
2852-488: The railway regional engineering headquarters with a large rail component manufacturing facility. The heritage listed Bathurst Courthouse , a predominant landmark of the city centre, was constructed in 1880 based on designs by the New South Wales Colonial and Government architects , James Barnet and Walter Liberty Vernon . In 1885, Bathurst had a population of about 8,000 and an additional 20,000 people in
2914-502: The remaining Wiradjuri were forced to make peace with the colonial authorities. The Bathurst Rebellion occurred in late September 1830, when a large group of over 80 escaped convicts known as the Ribbon Gang roamed the Bathurst district, ransacking villages and engaging in shootouts over the course of three weeks. They were eventually captured and charged with murder, bushranging and horse-thieving. On 2 November 1830, ten members of
2976-506: The road at the Bathurst Plains. These were the first non-Indigenous residents of what was to become Bathurst but was simply referred to until May 7 of that year as the Grand Depot. Governor Macquarie surveyed the finished road in April 1815, travelling along it to the Grand Depot with his wife and an entourage of 50 officials, soldiers and servants. On 7 May 1815, Governor Macquarie raised
3038-734: The same day as Sydney was declared a city. Bathurst Regional Council was formed on 26 May 2004 following the amalgamation of the Bathurst City Council, most of Evans Shire and a small amount of land formerly included in Oberon Shire . The Electoral district of Bathurst is the state seat in the NSW Parliament . This seat covers the major centres of Bathurst and Lithgow , and all or part of Bathurst, Blayney , Cabonne , Lithgow, Mid-Western and Oberon local government areas. Since 1859, Bathurst has existed as an electoral district in
3100-446: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Kelso . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kelso&oldid=1011220956 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
3162-509: The same year. In 1814, Governor Lachlan Macquarie approved an offer by William Cox to build a road crossing the Blue Mountains , from Emu Plains to the Bathurst Plains. This road was 3.7 metres (12 ft) wide and 163.3 kilometres ( 101 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) long, built between 18 July 1814 and 14 January 1815 using 5 freemen, 30 convict labourers and 8 soldiers as guards. Twenty convicts and soldiers remained stationed at terminus of
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#17328476363743224-517: The seat was dominated by Labor, except for 1988 when it was won by the Liberal Party for one 3-year term, and the 2011 election when Paul Toole of the National Party won the seat. Bathurst is currently within the federal electoral district of Calare which includes a large part of western NSW from Lithgow in the east to Tullamore in the west. Prior to the 2010 election , Bathurst was within
3286-509: The site of a prehistoric village Kelso, Oregon Kelso, Tennessee Kelso, Texas Kelso, Washington Sports [ edit ] Kelso Racecourse , a horse racing venue in Kelso, Scotland Kelso (horse) , an American thoroughbred racehorse Kelso RFC , a rugby club in Kelso, Scotland Kelso Stakes , an American horse race in Elmont, New York Kelso United F.C. , a football club in Kelso, Scotland Premier Kelso Hurdle ,
3348-423: The southern end of Kings Parade. This memorial was unveiled in 1910 by Lord Kitchener . In 2021, there were 37,396 people in Bathurst. Local government was trialled in the new Colony with a 'Bathurst and Carcoar District Council' established on 12 August 1843, Bathurst was proclaimed a town in 1852 and incorporated as a borough in 1862, next a municipality in 1883, then gazetted a city in on 20 March 1885.
3410-506: The suburbs. Within the CBD lies Kings Parade; this is a park setting with several memorials of people and events in history. It is a popular location for locals to meet. Keppel Street is Bathurst's second commercial shopping area, removed from the CBD by two blocks to the south. This area developed once the railway arrived in 1876. The main suburbs of Bathurst are: Kelso, Eglinton, West Bathurst, Llanarth, South Bathurst, Gormans Hill, Windradyne, Windradyne Heights and Abercrombie Estate. One of
3472-411: The town of Bathurst, with 112 operating in the immediate district during the course of the history in Bathurst. Initially many pubs were simply a cottage with stables. As prosperity increased during the gold rush, the hotels became typical of architecture of pubs known today. Bathurst's position as a key transit point for transporting gold to Sydney made it an attractive target for bushrangers , causing
3534-498: Was an extraordinary −0.8 °C (30.6 °F) on 18 June 1877, which is the only known daily maximum below 0 °C (32 °F) to have occurred in a major Australian city. Bathurst is one of only a handful of Australian towns to have recorded a sub-freezing maximum (others include Guyra and Nimmitabel ), while at least one month has remained entirely free of air-frosts, a trait common in broadly-temperate Laurasian ( European , Asian , and North American ) climates. Bathurst has
3596-732: Was built on the Campbells River . Originally known as the Campbell River Dam scheme and later renamed the Ben Chifley Dam after the late Prime Minister Ben Chifley of Bathurst. It was opened in November 1956. The Ben Chifley Dam received a major storage upgrade designed to meet the cities needs to 2050; the work was completed in 2001 increasing the capacity by 30% to 30,800 megalitres (6.8 × 10 imp gal; 8.1 × 10 US gal). An ambulance service commenced on 6 June 1925 with
3658-501: Was declared in August 1824, after which settlers conducted several raids against Wiradjuri settlements; colonists such as Theophilus Chamberlain, the superintendent for William Cox , perpetrated several massacres . In response, Major James Thomas Morisset was appointed commandant of Bathurst to restore order, conducting several sweeps across the landscape. Martial law ended in December 1824 as
3720-528: Was expanded in 1818 when Governor Lachlan Macquarie removed restrictions that limited colonial settlements. Once these restrictions were removed the Wiradjuri people suffered major dislocation, death and disruption to their way of life. The government surveyor, George Evans , was the first European to sight the Bathurst Plains in 1813, following the first successful British crossing of the Blue Mountains in
3782-460: Was officially completed on Armistice Day , 11 November 1933 at a cost of £8,000. It was upgraded in 2020 to World Carillon Federation [ nl ] standards, making it only the third such carillon in Australia. The Evans memorial stands at the northern end of Kings Parade. Completed in 1920, the memorial commemorates the discovery of the Bathurst Plains in 1813 by George Evans , Assistant Surveyor of Lands. The Boer War memorial stands at
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#17328476363743844-468: Was opened in 1942, initially to benefit the war effort providing parking for aircraft overflowing from Richmond air force base . The first commercial airline service departed for Sydney on 16 December 1946. A famous Australian brand name of frozen foods began in Bathurst. Robert Gordon Edgell arrived in Bathurst in 1902. By 1906, he was growing pears, apples and asparagus and experimenting with canning and preserving fruit and vegetables, eventually opening
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