Hackensack was the exonym given by the Dutch colonists to a band of the Lenape , or Lenni-Lenape ("original men"), a Native American tribe. The name is a Dutch derivation of the Lenape word for what is now the region of northeastern New Jersey along the Hudson and Hackensack rivers. While the Lenape people occupied much of the mid-Atlantic area, Europeans referred to small groups of native people by the names associated with the places where they lived.
26-649: South Kearny , also known as Kearny Point , is an industrial district and distinct area of the western part of Hudson County, New Jersey at the northern end of Newark Bay in the town of Kearny, New Jersey . It is on the larger peninsula once called New Barbadoes Neck , which also include the other Kearny districts of the Uplands (a part of which is called Arlington) and the Kearny Meadows . It has been known as Kearny Point and, along Droyer's Point in Jersey City , marks
52-767: A river") and included the areas around the Upper New York Bay , Newark Bay , Bergen Neck , the Meadowlands , and the Palisades . A phratry of the Lenape, the Hackensack spoke the Unami dialect, one of the two major dialects of the Lenape, or Delaware, languages, which were part of the Algonquian language family. Unami meant the "people down river". Other bands of Unami speakers in
78-519: A village at Bergen Square in 1661. In 1666, the Hackensack sold the land that would become the city of Newark to Robert Treat . In 1669, Oratam deeded a vast tract of land (2200 acres), between Overpeck Creek and the Hackensack River, to Sara Kiersted, who had mastered the Lenape language and acted as interpreter. He also brokered other land sales, and treaties, between the native and colonizing peoples, including those that ended Kieft's War and
104-520: Is the western part of Hudson County, New Jersey comprising the contiguous municipalities of Kearny , Harrison and East Newark , which lies on the peninsula between the Hackensack River and Passaic River . The Passaic River separates it from Newark and Belleville , and the Hackensack River separates it from Jersey City , the county seat, and Secaucus . Residential and commercial districts, including Arlington , are concentrated along
130-547: The Esopus Wars . In a series of essays published in 1655, David Pietersen de Vries , who had established a homestead at Vriessendael, gave his observations of the Hackensack. The British takeover of New Netherland, between 1663 and 1674, coincided with Oratam's death (he was said to have lived into his 90s). The government of the newly formed province of East Jersey quickly surveyed, patented, or deeded lands throughout Hackensack, Tappan, and Raritan territory. In most cases,
156-458: The Hackensack tribe of Lenape people who lived there at the time of European colonization, meaning where May-apples grow , from a moist-woodland perennial that bears edible yellow berries and used to describe the lobe of land between and before the confluence of the Hackensack and Passaic at Newark Bay . During the 17th century was part of the area called Achter Col by New Netherlanders in
182-833: The Jamestown Colony . Some Lenape had migrated west out of the area of English colonization. In the eighteenth century, the Lenape were signatories to the Walking Purchase agreement in Pennsylvania, and Treaty of Easton . The British were trying to gain control of lands they had "acquired" from the French after the French and Indian War (1754-1763), and the Native Americans were trying to prevent further European encroachment into their territory. Today Lenape groups are dispersed around
208-468: The Lenape were compensated for sale of the land. Both the land at Newark Tract and Horseneck Tract were sold to English-speaking settlers by the Hackensack. In 1600, the Lenape population may have numbered as many as 20,000. Several wars, at least 14 separate epidemics of new infectious diseases ( yellow fever , smallpox , influenza , encephalitis lethargica , etc.), and disastrous over-harvesting of
234-647: The Lincoln Highway and The Pulaski Skyway traverse South Kearny, a ramp of the latter built specifically to spur industrial development. Among the many facilities that are located there are the Hudson County Correctional Facility and River Terminal, a massive distribution warehouse that includes the former site of a Western Electric 's Kearny Works manufacturing plant and the Kearny Yard of Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company . Road Movie
260-549: The Dutch claimed Hackensack lands as part of the colonial province of New Netherland . Living close to what became the province's capital, New Amsterdam , at the tip of Manhattan , the Hackensack had early and frequent contact with the New Netherlanders . They traded beaver , pelts , and sewant for manufactured goods , including firearms , gunpowder , and alcohol . The Hackensack also "sold" their land, which became sites for
286-468: The Dutch settlements at Pavonia , Communipaw , Harsimus , Hoboken , Weehawken , Constable Hook , Achter Col , and Vriessendael . In 1658, Peter Stuyvesant , the Director-General of New Netherland , negotiated the purchase of all the land from "the great rock above Wiehacken", west to Sikakes , and south to Konstapels Hoeck . The area became collectively known as Bergen with the founding of
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#1732851794807312-451: The animal populations reduced the Lenape population to around 4,000 total by 1700. The Lenape people, like all Native Americans, had no immunity to Eurasian diseases, which had been endemic in European cities for centuries after arriving from Asia; and they suffered high fatality rates from the diseases. As the Lenape population declined and the European population increased, the history of
338-1105: The area included the Raritan on Staten Island / Raritan Bay , the Acquackanonk on the Passaic River , the Tappan along the Palisades and Pascack Valley , and the Pompton people along the Passaic River and Saddle River tributaries. These groups, along with the Wappinger in the Hudson Valley , and Canarsee and Rockaway on Long Island , were sometimes collectively called the River Indians . The Lenape engaged in agriculture and seasonally migrated, cultivating companion planting at their campsites to supplement foraging , hunting , fishing , trapping , and shellfishing . The terrain they inhabited
364-503: The area was increasingly defined by the new European inhabitants. The Lenape Indian tribes played an increasingly secondary role. By the mid-18th century, the English colonists referred to the Lenape people generally as the Delaware, in recognition of their major territory along that river and around the bay it feeds, both of which they named for Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr , governor of
390-654: The banks of the Passaic, also site of Kearny Riverbank Park . At Kearny Point there is more industry. Brownfields or protected areas known as the Kearny Meadows or the Kearny Marsh are part of the New Jersey Meadowlands . West Hudson Park is the county park in the area. Arlington Memorial Park cemetery is located on Schuyler Avenue . The area was known as Meghgectecock (spellings include masgichteu-cunk ) by
416-636: The last of which maintains a station at Harrison (Amtrak and NJT having ceased service there). Also in this area was the former Manhattan Transfer . The Kearny Connection and Waterfront Connection are major passenger rail junctions. The proposed high-speed rail line known as the Gateway Project will traverse the area and includes the replacement of the Portal Bridge and the Sawtooth Bridges . West Hudson's Saint Patrick's Day Parade passes through
442-542: The mid-1870s after Scottish and Irish immigration. The Newark Portuguese , Clark A.A. , Harrison S.C. and West Hudson A.A. were among the many teams. The Red Bulls Stadium is in Harrison. Portion of the Morris Canal ran through Kearny Point , unused portions which remain today. The peninsula is crisscrossed with rail passenger and freight rail lines, including those of Amtrak , New Jersey Transit , and PATH ,
468-490: The mouth of the Hackensack River to the east. The Passaic River flows along its western border opposite a similarly industrial portion of the Ironbound district of Newark . Most of the point is part of Foreign-Trade Zone 49 . The Newark and New York Railroad Bridge , part of Central Railroad of New Jersey , The Newark Plank Road , and the Morris Canal all crossed the point running parallel to each other. Currently, both
494-400: The other side of the river"). At Hopoghan Hackingh (meaning "land of the tobacco pipe"), they collected soapstone from which to carve tobacco pipes . The Hackensack identified themselves with the totem of the turtle ("Turtle Clan"). Those with the totem of the turtle were held in great esteem by Lenape groups, particularly as peacemakers. The society of the Hackensack (and all Lenape)
520-494: The province of New Netherland . It was later given the name New Barbadoes Neck by British colonialists. All of West Hudson was originally part of Essex County under the jurisdiction of Newark. In 1710 it was made part of New Barbadoes Township , and part of Bergen County . The West Hudson municipalities were part of Harrison Township , which was created by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 13, 1840, and
546-501: The three municipalities. Since the creation of the 29th Legislative District in the 1970s, the three communities have always been represented in the same district. 40°45′35″N 74°08′43″W / 40.7597°N 74.1454°W / 40.7597; -74.1454 Hackensack tribe The territory of the Hackensack was variously called Ack-kinkas-hacky, Achkinhenhcky, Achinigeu-hach, Ackingsah-sack, among other spellings (translated as "place of stony ground" or "mouth of
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#1732851794807572-553: Was Oratam (born circa 1576 ). He was likely also the sagamore of the Tappan, a distinct but closely related Lenape group. It has also been written that the Tappan and the Hackensack were one tribe, the evidence for this being the many land deeds signed by men who were sachems of both tribes at the same time. After Henry Hudson first explored the area, sailing up the river now named for him, anchoring at Weehawken Cove in September 1609,
598-457: Was based on governance by consensus. A sachem , or sagamore , ("paramount chief"), though influential, was obliged to follow the decisions of the council made up of leaders among the tribe. The word caucus may come from the Algonquian caucauasu meaning "counselor". In the 17th century, the Hackensack numbered about one thousand, of whom 300 were warriors. An important sachem of that time
624-413: Was diverse: wide tidal flats and oyster beds, forested mountains, and level land that could be cultivated. The Hackensack would relocate their semi-permanent village every several years to allow the land to renew itself. It was usually sited between Tantaqua and the middle reaches of the Hackensack River. Their summer encampment and council fire was located at Gamoenpa , (the "big landing-place from
650-565: Was filmed there in 1974. Two film/television studios opened on Kearny Point in the 2000s: Palisades Stages and 10 Basin Studios. Hudson County Route 659 runs along Central Avenue, Pennsylvania Avenue, and Fish House Road. NJ Transit bus route #1 serves the area. Numerous crossings of the Hackensack and Passaic pass through the area. 40°43′42″N 74°06′22″W / 40.728397°N 74.106216°W / 40.728397; -74.106216 West Hudson, New Jersey West Hudson
676-399: Was part of Hudson County , which had been created from portions of Bergen County on February 22, 1840. The current borders were created through a series of secessions and reincorporations. The West Hudson towns and Newark, particularly the Ironbound across the Passaic, have had a long tradition of soccer. Kearny's nickname, "Soccer Town, USA" comes from tradition that originated in
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