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22-541: Kanoya is located approximately at the heart of Ōsumi Peninsula with its city limits running approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) east and west and 41 kilometres (25 mi) north and south. The Takakuma Mountains stretch out into the northwestern part of the city and the Kimotsuki Mountains in the southeast. Between both mountain ranges lie the Kasanohara and Kanoyahara plateaus. The Kimotsuki Plains spread through

44-505: A large pod of dolphins is a tourist attraction within the bay. 31°28′11″N 130°38′08″E  /  31.46972°N 130.63556°E  / 31.46972; 130.63556 Kagoshima-Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D Station Kagoshima-Chūō Station ( 鹿児島中央駅 , Kagoshima-Chūō-eki , Kagoshima Central Station) is a major railway station in the city of Kagoshima , Japan. It is operated by the Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu). It

66-664: Is also the southernmost high-speed Shinkansen railway terminal in Japan. The station is the southern terminus of the Kyushu Shinkansen and is located 288.9 km from Hakata and 1463.8 km from Tokyo . It is also served by the Kagoshima Main Line and the Nippo Main Line and is 395.3 km from Mojiko . It is also the northern terminus of the 87.8 kilometer Ibusuki-Makurazaki Line . The conventional portion of

88-513: Is found at the far northern limit of its northern hemisphere distribution. In the Sakurajima Channel, eel grass grows atypically to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) high. Octocorallia coral is found in the deeper southern portions of the bay. A very rare Lamellibrachia tube worm Lamellibrachia satsuma is found in the bay at a very shallow depth for the genus of only 82 m (269 ft). There are many fish and shellfish species and

110-620: Is located on the second floor, halfway between the conventional line platform and the Shinkansen platform, and the exits are connected by a concourse. The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office. Kagoshima-Chūō initially opened on October 11, 1913 as Take Station ( 武駅 , Take-eki ) on the Sendai Line. On December 17, 1915, the adjacent Take Ekimae tram stop ( 武駅前停留所 ) opened. Take Station changed its name to Nishi-Kagoshima Station ( 西鹿児島駅 ) on October 17, 1927, with

132-402: Is on the south coast of the island of Kyūshū . The port city of Kagoshima and its well-protected harbor lie on the bay's western coast, just opposite the former island (now peninsula) of Sakurajima . The bay itself is partially volcanic in origin, with two massive submarine calderas shaping part of the bay's shoreline: The younger Aira Caldera in the northernmost part of the bay, and

154-593: Is −8.0 °C (17.6 °F), reached on 25 January 2016. Within Kagoshima Prefecture, Kanoya is the third most populous city next to Kagoshima (the prefectural capital) and Kirishima . The area of Kanoya was part of ancient Ōsumi Province , and was part of the Shimazu-shō , a vast shōen landed manor in Ōsumi , Satsuma that was opened at the end of the Heian period , and which evolved into Satsuma Domain in

176-580: The Diet of Japan . Kanoya is home to the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force Kanoya Air Field . Kanoya has a primary economy centering on agriculture, fishing, livestock raising and food processing. Kanoya's specialties include Berkshire pig , peanuts, broilers , and sweet potatoes. Kanoya has 23 public elementary schools and 12 public junior high schools operated by the city government and five public high schools operated by

198-713: The Edo period . After the Meiji restoration , the village of Kanoya was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Kanoya was raised to town status on December 31, 1912. On May 27, 1941 Kanoya merged with the villages of Hanaoka and Oaira to form the city of Kanoya. In 2006, the original city of Kanoya was expanded following the merger of the two towns of Aira and Kushira in Kimotsuki District , and Kihoku in Soo District . The original Kanoya City

220-605: The Hayato were made to emigrate to the Kinai region after the end of the 7th century. Francis Xavier 's party of Jesuits , having been first refused the right to land in Japan first went ashore in Kagoshima on 15 August 1549. From 1602 to 1871 it was part of the Satsuma Domain . The Bombardment of Kagoshima by British warships in the bay took place in 1863. The 1914 eruption of

242-669: The Kagoshima Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one private high school. The city also hosts the National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya . Kanoya is the most populous city in Japan outside of Okinawa Prefecture without passenger rail services, after the closure of the Ōsumi Line  [ ja ] in 1987. The nearest station is Shibushi Station on the JR Kyushu Nichinan Line , but

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264-455: The Sakurajima volcano severely damaged Kagoshima. On June 17, 1945, Kagoshima was attacked by B-29 bombers with 2316 persons killed. The recurrent and continuing volcanic activity contributes to the diversity of wildlife on its shores and within its waters. On its shores are rare flora and fauna, including Japanese bay tree and Japanese black pine such as at Arimura beach. The mangrove

286-524: The Take Ekimae tram stop being renamed Nishi-Kagoshima Ekimae tram stop ( 西鹿児島駅前停留所 ) on August 7, 1928. On March 13, 2004, Nishi-Kagoshima Station was renamed Kagoshima-Chūō Station ( 鹿児島中央駅 ) , and Kyushu Shinkansen services began between Shin-Yatsushiro and Kagoshima-Chūō. The Nishi-Kagoshima Ekimae tram stop was renamed the Kagoshima-Chuo Ekimae tram stop ( 鹿児島中央駅前停留所 ) . In fiscal 2020,

308-465: The alluvial plains of the Kimotsuki River that runs through central Kanoya. In the western part of the city is Kinkō Bay (part of Kagoshima Bay ) which runs down the coast line. Kagoshima Prefecture Kanoya has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) with hot summers and mild winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, and is heavier in summer, especially

330-600: The area was likely repopulated by the Jōmon and then it is likely they were replaced by the Kumaso whose culture was completely suppressed by the 7th century. Tribes of the Hayato people were long established by the 7th century on either peninsula and had submitted and supported imperial rule as servants to the emperor, although the 720 to 721 CE Hayato Rebellion of the Ōsumi Hayato is an exception. Yamato immigrants only became dominant when

352-737: The bay and the Kirishima Mountains north of the bay forming active vents associated with the Aira volcano magma sources, and the smaller 4000-year-old Ikeda Caldera with Mount Kaimon at the southern end of the Satsuma Peninsula forming dormant vents of the Ata volcano. In the inner north of the bay the area of the Wakamiko Caldera within the Aira Caldera erupts volcanic gas which when it reaches

374-541: The months of June and July. The average annual temperature in Kanoya is 17.3 °C (63.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 2,685.6 mm (105.73 in) with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.5 °C (81.5 °F), and lowest in January, at around 7.5 °C (45.5 °F). Its record high is 37.6 °C (99.7 °F), reached on 18 August 2020, and its record low

396-463: The nearest practical station is Kagoshima-Chūō Station on the Kyushu Shinkansen . In both cases, it takes more than an hour to reach the station by private car, or two hours by bus. Kagoshima Bay Kagoshima Bay ( 鹿児島湾 , Kagoshima-wan ) also known as Kinkō Bay , Kinko Bay ( 錦江湾 , Kinko-wan ) is a deep inlet of the East China Sea on the coast of Japan . Kagoshima Bay

418-532: The older Ata Caldera at the mouth of the bay where it meets the East China Sea. Both calderas formed during the Pleistocene from highly explosive Ultra-Plinian volcanic eruptions, Aira approximately 22,000 years ago and Ata approximately 105,000 years ago. Though such enormous eruptions are extremely infrequent, both volcanoes have remained active with much smaller eruptions in historic times, with Sakurajima in

440-425: The station consists of three ground-level island platforms and six tracks laid in a roughly north-south direction, while the Shinkansen portion of the station is elevated (three stories) with two island platforms and four tracks laid in a right-angle. The Shinkansen platform can accommodate trains of up to eight cars in length (can be extended to ten cars), and has a movable platform safety fence. The station building

462-452: The surface of the sea is called Tagiri (which means 'to boil' in Japanese). Hydrothermal vents including volcanic chimneys with rare mineral deposition exist on the bay's sea bottom. The massive Akahoya eruption to the south around 7,300 cal.   BP depopulated the bay by pyroclastic flow, tsunami and ash during the earliest stage of the Jōmon period . Before written records

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484-536: Was established as a municipality on May 27, 1941 (Navy Memorial Day). Kanoya has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 26 members. Kanoya, collectively with the city of Tarumizu contributes four members to the Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Kagoshima 4th district of the lower house of

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