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40-622: Kagoshima is the capital and largest city of Kagoshima Prefecture, with other major cities including Kirishima , Kanoya , and Satsumasendai . Kagoshima Prefecture is located at the southernmost point of Kyūshū and includes the Satsunan Islands group of the Ryukyu Islands. Kagoshima Prefecture's mainland territory extends from the Ariake Sea to Shibushi Bay on the Pacific Ocean coast, and

80-528: A 'gateway' to Japan at various times in history. While Kyushu has about 13 million people, there are less than 2 million in this prefecture. The prefecture boasts a chain of active and dormant volcanoes , including the great Sakurajima , which towers out of the Kagoshima bay opposite Kagoshima city. A steady trickle of smoke and ash emerges from the caldera , punctuated by louder mini-eruptions on an almost daily basis. On active days in Kagoshima city an umbrella

120-629: A distinct and rich food culture. The warm weather and diverse environments allow for the agriculture and aquaculture of Kagoshima to thrive. Numerous restaurants around Kagoshima feature Satsuma Province local cuisine. Popular cuisine incorporating local agriculture include sweet potato , kibinago sashimi (silver-striped herring), buri amberjack, kampachi yellowtail, "Black Label Products" such as kuro-ushi Wagyu beef, kuro-buta Berkshire pork dishes, and kuro-Satsuma jidori chicken (sometimes served as raw, chicken sashimi ); smoked eel, keihan, and miki (fermented rice milk consumed among residents of

160-552: A few hundred kilometers. The most important group is the Amami Islands . Surrounded by the East China Sea to the west, Okinawa Prefecture in the south, Kumamoto Prefecture to the north, and Miyazaki Prefecture to the east, it has 2,632 km (1,635 mi) of coastline (including the 28 islands). It has a bay called Kagoshima Bay (Kinkowan), which is sandwiched by two peninsulas, Satsuma and Ōsumi . Its position made it

200-592: A key role in the Meiji Restoration ( Saigō Takamori ), and the city of Kagoshima was an important naval base during Japan's 20th century wars and the home of admiral Tōgō Heihachirō . More recent incidents are the sinking of a North Korean spy ship (100 ton class) in 2001 by the Coast Guard , which was later salvaged and exhibited in Tokyo, and the abduction of an office clerk from a Kagoshima beach in 1978 by agents from

240-483: Is Kokutō-shōchū ( 黒糖焼酎 ) , shōchū distilled with brown sugar). Shōchū has long gained international favor and has come to be comparable to Bordeaux for wine, Scotch for whiskey, and Cognac for brandy. Also, the Amami Islands of Kagoshima Prefecture are the only areas sanctioned to bear the label of kokutō-shōchū . Kurozu ( 黒酢 ) or black vinegar is another item of the "Black Label Products" of Kagoshima,

280-501: Is twinned with: Kagoshima was one of the host cities of the official 1998 Women's Volleyball World Championship . Kagoshima is home to Kagoshima United . They play their home games at Kagoshima Kamoike Stadium . Unzen-Amakusa National Park Unzen-Amakusa National Park ( 雲仙天草国立公園 , Unzen-Amakusa Kokuritsu Kōen ) is a national park in Nagasaki , Kumamoto , and Kagoshima Prefectures , Japan . Established in 1934,

320-515: Is a settlement on Sakurajima island that was previously a municipally distinct town located in Kagoshima District , Kagoshima Prefecture , Japan . As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 4,504 and a density of 139.88 persons per km . The total area was 32.20 km . Kagoshima has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 45 members. Kagoshma contributes 17 members to

360-524: Is advisable to ward off the ash. Sakurajima is one of Japan's most active volcanoes. Major eruptions occurred in 1914, when the island mountain spilled enough material to become permanently connected to the mainland, and a lesser eruption in 1960. Volcanic materials in the soil make Sakurajima a source for record daikon radishes, roughly the size of a basketball . Many beaches around the Kagoshima Bay are littered with well-worn pumice stones. A crater lake in

400-835: Is approximately 5,548.7 trillion yen, with a work force of about 791,000 people (2018) The following is a list of Kagoshima Prefecture's cities, and its administrative districts with their constituent towns and villages: Nineteen cities are located in Kagoshima Prefecture: These are the towns and villages in each district : [subprefecture (if any)] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Kumage Subprefecture ] [ Kumage Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Kumage Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] [ Ōshima Subprefecture ] Kagoshima Prefecture has

440-593: Is characterized by two large peninsulas created by Kagoshima Bay . Kagoshima Prefecture formed the core of the Satsuma Domain , ruled from Kagoshima Castle , one of the most important Japanese domains of the Edo period and the Meiji Restoration . Kagoshima Prefecture corresponds to the ancient Japanese provinces Ōsumi and Satsuma , including the northern part of the Ryukyu Islands ( Satsunan ). This region played

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480-533: Is marked by mild, relatively dry winters; warm, humid springs; hot, humid summers; and mild, relatively dry autumns. As of 1 January 2020, Kagoshima City has an estimated population of 595,049 and a population density of 1,087 persons per km . The total area is 547.58 km (211 sq mi). According to the April 2014 issue of the Kagoshima Prefectural Summary Archived 2015-01-23 at

520-541: Is mutually unintelligible with Standard Japanese , though most Satsugū speakers know both as a result of language standardization in Japan. Kagoshima Rebnise , a professional basketball team, was founded in 2003 and currently competes in the second division of the national B.League . Kagoshima United FC , a football team, was founded in 2014 and competes in the J3 League . Although no major professional baseball teams are based in

560-476: Is second only to that of Shizuoka . In addition, it produces Japan's largest volume of unagi eels. Kagoshima is also largest beef and pork producing prefecture in Japan. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has several facilities within the prefecture, including the country's main launch facility on Tanegashima and the Uchinoura Space Center . The prefecture's gross domestic product

600-400: Is the capital city of Kagoshima Prefecture , Japan . As of 31 July 2024 , the city had an estimated population of 583,966 in 285,992 households, and a population density of 1100 persons per km . The total area of the city is 547.61 km (211.43 sq mi). While the kanji used to spell Kagoshima ( 鹿 児 島 ) literally mean "deer child island", or "island of

640-1154: The Amami Islands ). Satsuma-age , or deep-fried fish cake, comes in great variety in Kagoshima. Though the deep-fried fishcake can be found throughout the country, the Satsuma Domain (modern-day Kagoshima Prefecture) is commonly believed to be the birthplace of the snack. It is said, though, the concept was introduced from the Ryūkyū Kingdom (modern-day Okinawa Prefecture) by Satsuma Lord, Nariakira Shimazu. There are many types of sweets produced in Kagoshima Prefecture. Kagoshima-based Seika Foods Co., Ltd. ( Seika shokuhin kabushiki-kaisha ) has produced some of Japan's most popular and timeless sweets such as hyōroku mochi Bontan Ame ( ボンタンアメ ) , Satsuma Imo Caramel ( さつまいもキャラメル ) , and green tea-flavored Hyōroku mochi, Minami " shirokuma " shaved ice desserts, etc. Traditional treats outside of Seika Food Co., Ltd. products include karukan (sweet cakes made from steamed yams and rice flour), jambo-mochi , kokutō brown sugar from

680-454: The Ariake Bay areas of southern Kyushu to gain naval and air bases to strike Tokyo. The city was officially founded on April 1, 1889. It merged with Taniyama City on April 29, 1967 and with Yoshida Town , Sakurajima Town , Kiire Town , Matsumoto Town and Kōriyama Town on November 1, 2004. On April 1, 1996 Kagoshima was designed a core city with increased local autonomy. Located at

720-688: The Bakumatsu period , Kagoshima was bombarded by the British Royal Navy in 1863 to punish the daimyō of Satsuma Domain for the murder of Namamugi Incident on the Tōkaidō highway the previous year and its refusal to pay an indemnity in compensation. Many of the leaders of the Meiji restoration and the Boshin War were from Satsuma. Japan's Industrial Revolution is said to have started here, stimulated by

760-480: The Edo period (1603–1868) when it became the seat of the Shimazu's Satsuma Domain , which was one of the most powerful and wealthiest domains in the country throughout the period, and though international trade was banned for much of this period, the city remained quite active and prosperous. Satsuma Domain also had control over the semi-independent vassal kingdom of Ryūkyū ; Ryūkyūan traders and emissaries frequented

800-482: The Satsuma Peninsula and the entire area of Sakurajima. Most of the plains are occupied by commercial, residential, and industrial areas, with almost no cultivated areas. Many of the slopes and mountain areas near the city have been developed into residential areas, with many housing complexes and new towns. However, road development has not kept up with the city's growth, and all major roads are heavily congested in

840-659: The Wayback Machine by the Kagoshima Prefecture Department of Planning and Promotion, the population of the prefecture at large was 1,680,319. The city's total area nearly doubled between 2003 and 2005 as a result of five towns: the towns of Kōriyama and Matsumoto (both from Hioki District ) the town of Kiire (from Ibusuki District ) and the towns of Sakurajima and Yoshida (both from Kagoshima District ). All areas were merged into Kagoshima City on 1 November 2004. Sakurajima ( 桜島町 , Sakurajima-chō )

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880-722: The Amami Islands, getanha brown sugar cake, etc. In 1559, at Kōriyama Hachiman Shrine ( 郡山八幡神社 ) in Isa City ( 伊佐市 ) a carpenter wrote atop a wooden board "the Shintō Priest of this shrine is too stingy to offer me Shōchū ( 焼酎 ) showing an early love for the spirits. Kagoshima Prefecture is officially recognized (by the World Trade Organization) as the home to one of the most traditional beverages of Japan, shōchū . In Kagoshima there are 113+ distilleries, producing about 1,500 highly acclaimed brands, placing Kagoshima in

920-986: The Grand Fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy in the Russo-Japanese War made him a legend in Japanese military history, and earned him the nickname ' Nelson of the Orient' in Britain. He led the Grand Fleet to two startling victories in 1904 and 1905, completely destroying Russia as a naval power in the East, and thereby contributing to the failed revolution in Russia in 1905. The Japanese diplomat Sadomitsu Sakoguchi revolutionized Kagoshima's environmental economic plan with his dissertation on water pollution and orange harvesting. In 1912,

960-649: The Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between the Kagoshima 1st district and Kagoshima 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan . Kagoshima is a regional commercial center, with an economy centered on light manufacturing, tourism and commercial fishing. Kagoshima has 79 public elementary schools, 38 public junior high schools, two public high schools and one combined junior/senior high school operated by

1000-502: The built-up area). Kagoshima was targeted because of its largely expanded naval port as well as its position as a railway terminus. A single B-29 was lost to unknown circumstances. Area bombing was chosen over precision bombing because of the cloudy weather over Japan during the middle of June. The planes were forced to navigate and bomb entirely by radar. Japanese intelligence predicted that the Allied Forces would assault Kagoshima and

1040-762: The city government and 11 public high schools operated by the Kagoshima Prefectural Board of Education. There is one combined national elementary/middle school. There are also 14 private high schools. The prefecture also operates seven special education schools for the handicapped. Kagoshima Airport in Kirishima (35 km (22 miles) NE of Kagoshima) [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kyushu Shinkansen [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Kagoshima Main Line [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Nippō Main Line [REDACTED] JR Kyushu - Ibusuki Makurazaki Line Kagoshima

1080-409: The city, and a special Ryukyuan embassy building was established to help administer relations between the two polities and to house visitors and emissaries. Kagoshima was also a significant center of Christian activity in Japan prior to the imposition of bans against that religion in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. The domain was also a center of anti- Tokugawa shogunate sentiment. During

1120-596: The economic sector is focused in Kagoshima City and the surrounding area, corresponding to the extent of the former Satsuma Province . The eastern part of the prefecture, the former Ōsumi Province , is mostly rural and shows a general population decline. The prefecture has strong agricultural roots, which are reflected in its most well-known exports: green tea , sweet potato , radish , Pongee rice , Satsuma ware , Berkshire pork ("kurobuta") and local Black Wagyu beef. Kagoshima prefecture's production of bonito flakes

1160-503: The fawn", the source etymology is not clear, and may refer to "cliff" or "sailor" in the local dialect . Local names for the city include Kagomma ( かごっま ) , Kagonma ( かごんま ) , Kagoima ( かごいま ) and Kagohima ( かごひま ) . Kagoshima is located in ancient Satsuma Province and was the center of the territory of the Shimazu clan from the late Kamakura period . Kagoshima City developed political and commercial port city in

1200-472: The first tram line was established in Kagoshima. The 1914 eruption of the volcano across the bay from the city spread ash throughout the municipality, but relatively little disruption ensued. On the night of June 17, 1945, the 314th bombardment wing of the Army Air Corps (120 B-29s) dropped 809.6 tons of incendiary and cluster bombs destroying 2.11 square miles (5.46 km ) of Kagoshima (44.1 percent of

1240-486: The mornings and evenings. Kagoshima is constantly bombarded by ash from the eruptions of Sakurajima and is at risk of a major volcanic disaster; the residents have developed methods to cope with this including school-children wearing helmets to protect from volcanic debris. Kagoshima Prefecture Kagoshima has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ), possessing the highest year average temperature and winter average temperature in mainland Japan. It

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1280-414: The most popular flavor by far is apple. The farms are open to visitations and often offer tours. Today, Kagoshima is home to a distinctive dialect of Japanese known as Satsugū dialect ( 薩隅方言 , Satsugū Hōgen ) or Kagoshima dialect ( 鹿児島弁 , Kagoshima-ben , or Kagomma-ben ) , differing from the usual Kyushu dialects with its pronunciations of the yotsugana . For the most part, Satsugū dialect

1320-415: The other of which is Kokutō-shōchū . There are a number of kurozu farms around Kagoshima, most of which are located around the Kirishima area. Most kurozu farms produce kurozu bottled vinegar (fermented for a single year, 2+ years) along with other items such as salad dressing, powders, capsules, spices, candy, etc. Kurozu also comes in different flavors such as grape, orange, ume plum , etc. though

1360-642: The park derives its name from Mount Unzen , an active volcano at the middle of the Shimabara Peninsula , and the Amakusa islands in the Yatsushiro Sea . The area is closely connected to the early history of Christianity in Japan , and the park encompasses numerous areas related to Kakure Kirishitan . The park was established as the Unzen National Park in 1934 and, after extension, in 1956 renamed

1400-408: The prefecture, a number of Kagoshima's ballparks have hosted the spring training camps of Nippon Professional Baseball teams: The Kirishima-Yaku National Park is located in Kagoshima Prefecture. 31°24′N 130°31′E  /  31.400°N 130.517°E  / 31.400; 130.517 Kagoshima Kagoshima City ( 鹿児島市 , Kagoshima-shi , IPA: [kaɡoɕimaɕi] ) ,

1440-558: The same country. This became known only recently under the Koizumi administration. The two main ethnic groups of Kagoshima Prefecture are the Japanese and the Ryukyuans (Amami Islands). Kagoshima Prefecture is located at the southwest tip of Kyushu on the Satsuma Peninsula and Ōsumi Peninsula . This prefecture also includes a chain of islands stretching further to the southwest of Kyushu for

1480-467: The southwestern tip of the island of Kyūshū , Kagoshima is the largest city in the prefecture by some margin. It has been nicknamed the " Naples of the Eastern world " for its bay location ( Aira Caldera ), hot climate, and emblematic stratovolcano , Sakurajima . It is situated about 280 kilometers south of Fukuoka City and about 180 kilometers south of Kumamoto City. The city covers the northeastern part of

1520-580: The southwestern tip of the prefecture, near the spa town of Ibusuki , is home to a rare species of giant eel. As of 31 March 2019, 13% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks , namely the Amami Guntō , Kirishima-Kinkowan , Unzen-Amakusa , and Yakushima National Parks; Koshikishima and Nichinan Kaigan Quasi-National Parks; and Akune , Bōnoma , Fukiagehama , Imutaike , Ōsumi Nanbu , Sendaigawa Ryūiki , Takakumayama , and Tokara Rettō Prefectural Natural Parks. Most of

1560-538: The top for production quantity and shipment. While visiting Kagoshima, one may notice labels reading Honkaku-shōchū ( 本格焼酎 ) . Honkaku-shōchū is a distilled beverage produced with traditional skills using ingredients such as natural spring water, sweet potatoes, locally grown sugar cane, and grains. Varieties of honkaku-shōchū include Imo-jōchū ( 芋焼酎 ) , shōchū distilled from sweet potatoes, Mugi-jōchū ( 麦焼酎 ) , distilled from barley, and Kome-jōchū ( 米焼酎 ) distilled from rice. Another type of shōchū

1600-583: The young students' train station. Nineteen young men of Satsuma broke the shogunate's ban on foreign travel , traveling to various industrial locations in the United Kingdom before returning to share the benefits of the best of Western science and technology. A statue was erected outside the train station as a tribute to them. Kagoshima was also the birthplace of Tōgō Heihachirō . After naval studies in England between 1871 and 1878, Togo's role as Chief Admiral of

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