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25-715: Due to insecurity in the region, the National Parks Service temporarily suspended operations and research in the Kainji National Park in 2021, operations were also suspended in the Chad Basin National Park and the Kamuku National Park . Plan to restore Kainji Lake National Park underway West African Conservation Network , a Nigeria/United Kingdom-based organisation, focused on environmental and wildlife conservation, has begun collaboration with

50-412: A few demonstrated an effective dose. The wood is used for a variety of purposes. It is often used conventionally for carpentry, interior trim, and construction. Traditionally the wood was used for dugout canoes , household implements, djembe , and fuel wood. The bitter tasting bark is used for a variety of medical purposes; it is taken against fever caused by malaria, stomach complaints, and headaches. It

75-482: A series of swampy valleys separated by scenic sand dunes. The valleys contain rich deposits of potash . Khaya senegalensis Khaya senegalensis is a species of tree in the Meliaceae family that is native to Africa . Common names include African mahogany , dry zone mahogany , Gambia mahogany , khaya wood , Senegal mahogany , cailcedrat , acajou , djalla , and bois rouge . African mahogany

100-545: A stratified topology. The northern part is within the Sahel zone while southern sector has a typical Sudan–Guinea savanna ecology, and includes Acacia - Balanites woodlands separated by dense stands of elephant grass and sorghum . Waters from the Dorma river flood much of the sector in the rainy season, creating flood-plain wetlands that attract waterbirds and other wildlife. The resident black crowned crane ( Balearica pavonina )

125-423: Is a fast-growing medium-sized tree which can obtain a height of up to 15–30 m (49–98 ft) in height and 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in diameter. The bark is dark grey to grey-brown while the heartwood is brown with a pink-red pigment made up of coarse interlocking grains. The tree is characterised by leaves arranged in a spiral formation clustered at the end of branches. The white flowers are sweet-scented;

150-530: Is abundant, but is considered vulnerable. The helmeted guineafowl ( Numida meleagris ) is also abundant. Demoiselle cranes ( Grus virgo ) visit in the winter, as well as large numbers of white storks ( Ciconia ciconia ). A 2007 report estimated that there were about 100 elephants in the sector, which may still migrate to and from the Waza park. The Cameroon and Nigerian park authorities have been cooperating to prevent poaching of wildlife and to raise awareness among

175-438: Is applied externally to cure skin rashes, wounds, or any abnormality. It has been exported from West Africa (Gambia) to Europe since the first half of the 19th century and has been exploited heavily for its timber. It is now used more locally, and is planted ornamentally as a roadside tree. Khaya senegalensis has experienced high amounts of exploitation, and little regeneration takes place once disturbance occurs. Because of this

200-617: Is in Borno State , in a Sudanian savanna ecological zone. The Bade-Nguru Wetlands and Bulatura sectors are in Yobe State in the Sahel ecological zone. Chad Basin National Park lies within the former Kanem–Bornu Empire , which existed from the 9th century to the end of the 19th century and remains part of present-day Borno and Yobo states . It was established in 1991. Before the 10th century,

225-473: Is overgrazed and eroded, and the main woodland is besides the watercourses and waterholes. Common trees here include Afzelia africana , Daniella oliveri , Pterocarpus erinaceus , Terminalia schimperiana , Parkia clappertoniana , Vitellaria paradoxa , Detarium microcarpum , Isoberlinia doka , Uapaca togoensis and Khaya senegalensis . 65 mammal species, 350 species of birds, and 30 species of reptiles and amphibians have been recorded in

250-657: The Nigeria National Park Service to restore the Kainji Lake National Park. The international organization and the Federal Government of Nigeria signed a 31-year co-management agreement on October 27, 2023, to protect and restore the park in northwestern Nigeria. The WACN Kainji Lake National Park Project aims to overcome current security challenges and enhance the park within the next decade through strategic partnerships. Kainji National Park

275-673: The Borgu Game Reserve drain into the Oli River , a tributary of the Niger River , while the other parts drain directly into the lake via four small rivers. The Zugurma Game Reserve has little drainage; the smaller watercourses dry up during the dry season, but there are a number of permanent waterholes along the Oli River and elsewhere in the park. The Borgu sector consists of undulating hills with some quartzite ridges and ironstone pans, while

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300-654: The Empire was established and was one of the most politically well-organised African empires tantamount to the Mali and Songhai empires . The then Borno Empire developed within the Conventional Basin of Lake Chad , where the Chad Basin National Park stands. The park combines the former Chingurmi-Dugoma Game Reserve, Gorgoram and Zurgun Baneri Forest Reserves, and Bulature Oasis. As of 1999 , it had not been surveyed, so

325-502: The Zugurma sector consists of a low plateau, with soils derived from sandstone , much eroded in places. The mean annual rainfall is about 1,100 mm (43 in), with the wet season lasting from May to November and the dry season from December to April. The savanna woodland of the Borgu sector is dominated by Burkea africana , Terminalia avicennioides and Detarium microcarpum . Below

350-551: The Zugurma sector is less varied than of the Borgu sector because of poor drainage, overgrazing by cattle , poor quality vegetation and extensive poaching . Chad Basin National Park The Chad Basin National Park is a national park in northeastern Nigeria , in the Chad Basin , with a total area of about 2,258 km . The park is fragmented, with three sectors. The Chingurmi-Duguma sector

375-543: The boundaries are not well-established. The park is used by many farmers, grazers and fishermen. Despite significant investment in lodgings for tourists, the park sectors only attract a few hundred visitors each year due to the lack of spectacular wildlife. By 2008, staff at the park office in Maiduguri knew little about the park, the lodgings had been abandoned, and tourists visiting the park sectors had to take off-road vehicles and be prepared to camp out. Due to insecurity in

400-633: The environment is degrading. There is growing competition between humans and wildlife. Farmers set out poison to kill the crop-destroying Quelea quelea , in the process killing non-target species. Marginal land is now coming under cultivation and tree cover in the forest reserves is being depleted. The Bulatura sector is in the Yusufari Local Government Area of Yobe State, and has an area of 92 km around coordinates 13°15′0″N 11°00′0″E  /  13.25000°N 11.00000°E  / 13.25000; 11.00000 . The sector has

425-447: The fruit changes from grey to black when ripening. The tree is native to Benin , Burkina Faso , Cameroon , Central African Republic , Chad , Ivory Coast , Gabon , Gambia , Ghana , Guinea , Guinea-Bissau , Mali , Niger , Nigeria , Senegal , Sierra Leone , Sudan , Togo , and Uganda . It is found in riparian forests and higher-rainfall savannah woodlands; in moist regions it is found on higher ground. Within its first year,

450-571: The local courts. The Borgu Game Reserve is mostly made up of savanna forest and has an area of 3,929 km (1,517 sq mi), while the Zugurma Game Reserve is smaller, at 1,370 km (529 sq mi). The two main parts of the park are separated by the Kainji Lake , a 136 km (85 mi) long reservoir . The Zugurma sector has no access roads and only the Borgu sector is used for tourism. The southern and western parts of

475-611: The local people of the longer-term value of conservation. There have been discussions by the IUCN over making the sector and the Waza National Park an internationally designated protected area . The Bade-Nguru Wetlands sector is part of the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands , and has an area of 938 km around coordinates 12°40′0″N 10°30′0″E  /  12.66667°N 10.50000°E  / 12.66667; 10.50000 . It lies in

500-612: The park. These include lion , leopard , caracal , elephant and African manatee , numerous species of antelope , hippopotamus , African wild dog , honey badger , cheetah , Senegal bushbaby , many species of monkey , and African clawless otter . Reptiles include the Nile crocodile , West African slender-snouted crocodile , four turtle species, Nile monitor , savannah monitor , other lizards and snakes , and 12 amphibian species. There are 82 species of fish in Lake Kainji. The fauna of

525-496: The quartzite ridges Isoberlinia tomentosa predominates, and further down the hillsides on the relatively dry lower slopes are stands of Diospyros mespiliformis , with an understory of Polysphaeria orbuscula . Terminalia macroptera occurs on moist savannas and Isoberlinia doka is found on higher ground in ironstone areas. In the Zugurma sector the tree cover is typical of the Guinean forest-savanna mosaic although this area

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550-802: The region, the National Parks Service temporarily suspended operations and research in the Chad Basin National Park in 2021; operations were also suspended in the Kainji National Park and the Kamuku National Park . The Chingurmi-Duguma sector is in the Bama Local Government Area of Borno State, adjoining the Waza National Park in the Republic of Cameroon , around coordinates 11°45′0″N 14°15′0″E  /  11.75000°N 14.25000°E  / 11.75000; 14.25000 . It has an area of 1,228 km (474 sq mi), with

575-509: The seedling develops a deep root system that makes it the most drought resistant member of its genus. K. senegalensis has been extensively studied for trypanocidal activity. Atawodi et al 2003, Wurochekke and Nok 2004, Mikail 2009, Aderbauer et al 2008, Umar et al 2010, Adeiza et al 2010, Ibrahim et al 2008, and Ibrahim et al 2013a investigate extracts of stem bark both in vitro and in vivo in rats, against T. evansi , T. congolense and T. b. brucei . All showed promising results and

600-526: The southwest of the Bade and Jakusko Local Government Areas of Yobe State. The sector includes the Dagona Waterfowl Sanctuary, an important resting place for migratory birds. It also includes five forest reserves. Annual rainfall ranges between 200–600 mm, during the period late May–September. With reduced flooding due to upstream dams and perhaps climate change, and with increasing population,

625-670: Was established in 1978 and is divided into three distinct sectors, the Zugurma Game Reserve , the Borgu Game Reserve and Kainji Lake. Since 2005, the protected area is considered a Lion Conservation Unit together with Yankari National Park . The park is owned by the state and managed by the Federal National Park Service (FNPS), receiving direct government funding. This means that enforcement actions against poachers can be pursued under national park law and not in

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