60-849: KKI may refer to: Khanani and Kalia International (Private) Limited , a former foreign exchange company in Pakistan Körfuknattleikssamband Íslands (Icelandic Basketball Federation), the national governing body of basketball in Iceland Kisak-Kisak Incorporated (Defense Contractor specializing in Commercial Off-the Shelf (COTS) Satellite Simulation Software), A U.S. D.O.D. Contractor developing and marketing state-of-the-art; award winning satellite simulation software. Kavya Kishor International , International literary organization. Topics referred to by
120-588: A de jure power granted to the Court, article 17 of the Constitution states: Every citizen, not being in the service of (State of) Pakistan, shall have the right to form or be a member of a political party, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan and such law shall provide that where the Government declare that any political party has been formed or
180-511: A "dark day in the democratic history" of the country due to its approval in a "non-transparent and hasty manner without any debate." In contrast, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif referred to the amendment as a "historical achievement," asserting that it reinforced "parliamentary sovereignty." Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi also lauded the legislation, claiming it would ensure "speedy justice" and facilitate "positive reforms." While significant concerns about
240-628: A fixed term of three years. The government, led by the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) and supported by its coalition partner, the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), has argued that the amendment is necessary to curb what it views as judicial overreach. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif described the amendment as an assertion of legislative authority and a step toward restoring balance in Pakistan's constitutional structure. Supporters claim that
300-625: A split decision by 4:3 . In 1993, Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto controversially elevated the Supreme Court jurist, SA Shah , who had known for his liberal jurisprudence, as Chief Justice over two senior ranking jurists at the Supreme Court. However, Justice Shah's judicial leanings did not protected the Benazir' administration when it was dismissed by President Farooq Leghari over allegations on corruption . In 1997, judicial crises reached its peak when Supreme Judicial Council took up
360-601: A well known businessman, educationalist and social welfare activist. Its corporate office was in Karachi and its international marketing and commercial services head office in Pakistan. It also had an office in Mississauga , Ontario , Canada. In November 2008, KKI became part of the Pakistan Forex Scam Case when the Pakistan government started investigations into the company and arrested its management team. In response,
420-453: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Khanani and Kalia International (Private) Limited Khanani & Kalia International (KKI) was one of the biggest foreign exchange companies in the world until November 2017, when it was closed down by the Government of Pakistan as part of the worlds biggest money laundering organisation
480-536: Is operating in a manner prejudicial to the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan, the Federal Government shall, within fifteen days of such declaration, refer the matter to the Supreme Court whose decision on such reference shall be final. The Supreme Court thus provides, in principle, an important safeguard against the abuse of laws that could potentially have politically repressive consequences or in clear violation of human rights . The Constitution also allows
540-538: Is yet to fill. There are two ad hoc appointment of the jurists from the Federal Shariat Court to assist with religiosity concerned cases. As of current formation, Yahya Afridi is tenuring as the Chief Justice of Pakistan , having been appointed on 26 October 2024. The Supreme Court is currently composed of the following justices (in order of seniority), that included the sixteen regular judges including
600-453: The Constitution of Pakistan in 1973 where a significant part of the Constitution is dedicated towards the restructuring of the Supreme Court. The Part VII of the Constitution , ranges from articles 176 through 191, deals with the powers, composition, rules, and responsibilities of the Supreme Court. These articles concern: The Part VII of the Constitution of Pakistan reconstituted
660-504: The Federal Shariat Court may be appealed to the Appellate Bench, as the Appellate Bench of Supreme Court is the final authority on Islamic interpretation of law in Pakistan. The registry of the Supreme Court is its appointed officers who is assisted by registrars, several additional and deputy registrars, gazetted officers, and other law clerks. The registry branches provides speedy justice of all nature of crimes and disputes to
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#1732859369498720-471: The Islamic Republic of Pakistan . Established in accordance with Part VII of the Constitution of Pakistan , it has ultimate and extensive appellate , original , and advisory jurisdictions on all courts (including the high courts , district , special and Shariat court ), involving issues of laws and may act on the verdicts rendered on the cases in context in which it enjoys jurisdiction. In
780-487: The Prime Minister 's selection based on their merited qualifications. Once appointed, justices are expected to complete a designated term and then retire at 65 years old, unless their term is terminated through resignation or impeachment by the supreme judicial committee resulted in a presidential reference in regards to the misconduct of judge(s). In their discourse judgement , the justices are often categorized as having
840-515: The Sindh High Court exists now. In successive years, the Supreme Court was moved to Lahore High Court until the Supreme Court was permanently moved into its new building constructed in Islamabad in 1964. Although the Supreme Court was established pursuant to the Government of India Act 1935 , the modern structure of the court was reestablished by the second set in 1956, and restructured by
900-599: The State Bank of Pakistan revoked KKI's license to operate its forex business forcing the company to shut down all its branches. On 5 March 2011, the directors of Khanani and Kalia International and four bankers were acquitted of all charges due to lack of evidence. However the FIA complained about the acquittal and said it had provided enough evidence. In response, the Supreme Court of Pakistan had an independent judge investigate
960-628: The ad hoc appointment that are from the Federal Sharia Court . A judge of the Supreme Court can be removed under the Constitution only on grounds of proven misconduct or incapacity and by an order of the President of Pakistan. A written reference has to be sent to the Supreme Judicial Council that will conduct the hearings of allegations of misconduct that would determine the removal of judge. The Judicial Commission determines
1020-773: The conservative , textual , moderate , and liberal philosophies of law in their judicial interpretation of law and judgements. The Supreme Court has a permanent seat in Islamabad and meets at the Supreme Court Building at the Red Zone . In 1861, the British government in India enacted the Indian High Courts Act that created the high courts in all over the Indian subcontinent in various provinces while abolishing
1080-478: The court system of Pakistan , the Supreme Court is the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes as well as final interpreter of constitutional law , and the highest court of appeal in Pakistan. In its modern composition, the Supreme Court is incorporated of Chief Justice of Pakistan , sixteen justices and two ad hoc who are confirmed to their appointment by the President upon their nominations from
1140-569: The judicial independence of the Supreme Court in 2004 when Shaukat Aziz became prime minister. In a lecture in November 2022, Justice Ayesha A. Malik observed an increasing tendency to bring political and social issues to court that would be more suited for resolution within parliament or by the executive. Noting that this is the point at which balancing of power , judicial restraint (refraining from undue interference in other branches of government) and legal clarity become relevant, Malik expressed
1200-429: The 1990s, the nomination and confirmation process has attracted considerable attention from the print press and electronic media , as news media often comments on the executive's selection for the appointment. Appointments of Chief Justices Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui , S.A. Shah , Iftikhar Chaudhry , Faisal Arab , and T.H. Jillani Saqib Nisar and Asif Saeed Khosa have gain prominent attention from media in all over
1260-499: The 26th Constitutional Amendment could significantly undermine the judiciary's independence, stating that "Constitutional reforms must be in line with international human rights law." The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) similarly criticised the amendment, describing it as a "blow to judicial independence." However, it also acknowledged that some reforms to the judicial system were needed to enhance efficiency and accountability. In practice awarded by Constitution , judges of
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#17328593694981320-668: The Chief Justice Muh'd Shahabuddin , the Supreme Court had the conservative leanings in regards to the constitutionalism and their judgements in the cases of important issues. Chief Justice Shahabuddin plays a crucial role in drafting the second set of the Constitution of Pakistan which incorporated the liberal ideas with the important Islamic provisions. In 1960, President Ayub Khan appointed Justice Alvin Robert Cornelius who took much liberal approach in his jurisprudence when deciding cases on fundamental rights against
1380-580: The Chief Justice and two ad hoc judges who were reappointed again after their retirement. The ad hoc appointments are due to fill the Shariat Appellate Bench that is composed on legal scholars that has expertised on Islamic jurisprudence since its establishment in 1980. The ad hoc appointments for this bench are drawn either from the Federal Shariat Court or from among the Clergy . Decisions made
1440-464: The Chief Justice of Pakistan in 2007. Justice Qazi Faez Isa is of the Hazara descent who is currently serving as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. In January 2022, Ayesha Malik was sworn in as the first female Supreme Court judge. The jurists/judges do not represent or receive the official political endorsements from the nation's political parties which is an acceptable professional practice in
1500-515: The Middle East to their understanding they believe he is an International threat to the state of Israel. KKI was part of the Kalia Group of companies founded by Hanif Kalia and run by Hanif's younger brother Abdul Kalia. Its corporate head office was in Karachi and it had a franchise of branches all over Pakistan plus a number of branches overseas. The company was founded in 1983, by Hanif Kalia,
1560-473: The National Assembly passed the 26th Amendment in an hours-long, overnight session. Previously, the senior-most judge in the Supreme Court would automatically succeed as Chief Justice upon the retirement of the incumbent at age 65. Under the new amendment, the Chief Justice of Pakistan will now be nominated by a Special Parliamentary Committee from among the three most senior judges of the Supreme Court, with
1620-402: The Supreme Court comes from an executive selection made by the Prime Minister based on judges' merited qualifications, personal intellectualism, and experiences as judge in high courts. The President then confirms the nomination summary and eventually appoints the Chief Justice and judges in the Supreme Court. The Constitution states that a nominee is not eligible unless they are: Since
1680-541: The Supreme Court greatly divided with Justice Dorab Patel , Justice G.S. Shah, and Justice Moh'd Haleem , who had the moderate and liberal leanings in their jurisprudence strongly disagreed with Bhutto's sentence of Capital punishment . On the other hand, Chief Justice Haq , Justice N.H. Shah , Justice Waheedudin Ahmad, and Justice Kaisar Khan, were described as having conservative/texualist ideology in their rulings and found Bhutto suitable for capital punishment; hence, marking
1740-478: The Supreme Court made when the quorum of Judges is not possible to complete the sitting number of justices in the court, or if it is necessary to increase the number of justices in the Supreme Court. The nomination comes directly from the Judicial Commission chaired by the Chief Justice who prepares the nomination summary as President confirms their appointments. As of current, there are two justices are on
1800-450: The Supreme Court to exercise powers and take sua sponte actions against the person, regardless of its statue, or the authority, of being disobedient to or disrespectful towards the Supreme Court, its justices, and its officers in the form of behavior that opposes or defies the Supreme Court's institutional integrity and popular authority. In 1997, Chief Justice S.A. Shah found Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif of contempt of court but
1860-423: The Supreme Court. In 1960, Justice Alvin Robert Cornelius became the first Christian to be served as Chief Justice , while George Constantine also served in the Court. In the 1970s–1980s, Justice Dorab Patel was the first Zorastrian , followed by Justice Rustom Sidwa who served as Supreme Court justice from 1989 until 1993. Justice Rana Bhagwandas was the first Hindu jurist who has distinction being
KKI - Misplaced Pages Continue
1920-519: The acquittal. KKI offered a number of services including currency exchange , home remittance , outward remittance and business administration . The company had branches in Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad , and a franchises networked all over Pakistan. The company also had foreign branches in London, Glasgow, Sydney, New York, Toronto, Montreal, Scarborough, Vancouver, Kuwait City, Bahrain, and Qatar. KKI
1980-551: The amendment's implications for judicial independence have been raised, supporters maintain that the changes aim to create a more efficient, accountable, and transparent judicial appointment process. Lawmakers from the opposition party the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), criticised the amendments as an effort to weaken the judiciary and called it a "black day" in Pakistan's constitutional history. United Nations Human Rights chief Volker Turk also expressed concern that
2040-427: The case against Justice Shah's appointment who eventually resigned from his office and succeeded by conservative jurist Ajmal Mian , only to be replaced with conservative jurist Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui as the new Chief Justice. On 12 October 1999, the Supreme Court partially validated the martial law in the light of "doctrine of necessity" on the technicality but Chief Justice Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui decided to hear
2100-403: The case hearings after President Yahya Khan declared martial law and suspended the writ of the constitution. In the views of Chief Justice Rahman, the martial law was invalid and notably ruled that Yahya Khan's assumption of power was "illegal usurpation". The Supreme Court also overruled and overturned its convictions that called for validation of martial law in 1958. Despite rulings, there
2160-467: The composition of Supreme Court and the high courts but it does not specify the number of justices to be served in the Supreme Court. Qualifications to be served as a supreme court justice are strictly imposed that are based on merit, personal intellectualism, and experiences as a judge in the high courts. In 1947, the Supreme Court consisted of a Chief Justice and six senior judges from Sindh , Punjab , NWFP , Balochistan , and East Bengal . Over
2220-426: The conservative leaning jurists and elevated the judges who had known to have libertarian views in their jurisprudence at the Supreme Court, including Justice Irshad Hasan as Chief Justice. In 2002, The Supreme Court supervised the general elections successfully oversaw the transition of power from the office of Chief Executive to Prime minister . The legalization of Contempt of court act further strengthened
2280-401: The country, mainly due to their ideological and philosophical leanings. Furthermore, the major and influential recommendations for judges to be elevated at the Supreme Court as justices comes from the Judicial Commission that is chaired by the Chief Justice of Pakistan who prepares the qualification summary before the nomination sent to executive. There has been Ad hoc appointment in
2340-427: The executive authorities. In 1977, the Supreme Court had again legalized the martial law in the light of " doctrine of necessity " and denied taking petitions to review its decision. During this time, Supreme Court justices were described as notoriously conservative and only a few moderates, appointed by Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto as his role as President in 1971–73. The Supreme Court, however, did take
2400-463: The executive branch of the government. As their American counterparts in the U.S. Supreme Court , the Jurists philosophical leanings in the Supreme Court are often categorized as conservative , moderate , liberal , and textualist that reflected in their judicial interpretation of the judgements in the impending cases of importance. In 1947, Governor-General Muhammad Ali Jinnah confirmed
2460-449: The executive overreach. Justice Cornelius led Supreme Court's verdicts on many constitutional cases were carefully sided with the Islamic ideas but provided much broader role of liberal ideas to safeguard the fundamental rights of the ordinary citizens while being critical of the state emergency . In 1968, the Supreme Court was greatly divided when Chief Justice Hamoodur Rahman presided
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2520-424: The explicit de jure powers and enjoys the powerful judicial independence to block the exercise of certain Prime Minister 's executive powers or Parliament 's legislative powers that repugnant to Constitution . The Supreme Court has maintained its institutional integrity and has been able to maintain its authority to some degree in the face of martial law in Pakistan in last decades. In another example of
2580-425: The judgement of the Supreme Court's senior judges in regards to the elections. The case was later dropped when Attorney-General assured the Supreme Court justices that Imran Khan did not insubordinate the judiciary. Pakistani politicians have historically voiced concerns over judicial involvement in governance, often calling for a recalibration of power between the judiciary and the legislature. On 21 October 2024,
2640-528: The judiciary's previous involvement in political matters had, at times, led to decisions undermining elected governments and democracy itself. The change prompted criticism and concern over its potential impact on judicial independence. Former Sindh High Court Bar Association president Salahuddin Ahmed shared a statement from the Karachi Bar Association that criticised the amendment's passage, calling it
2700-501: The nomination of Justice Sir Abdul Rashid , at the behest of Prime Minister Liaquat Ali-Khan , was said to be a national conservative leanings in his judgement. His successor, Chief Justice Muh'd Munir , was a liberal in his jurisprudence but sided with conservative judgement when validated dissolution of the first Constituent Assembly in 1954 and the National Assembly in 1958 in the light of doctrine of necessity . Under
2760-403: The order itself was voided by the Supreme Judicial Council . In 2012, Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry retroactively barred Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani of holding the office after the latter was found of in charges of court of contempt and refusing to follow the court's orders. In 2013, the Supreme Court took suo motu actions against populist Imran Khan of criticising against
2820-406: The petitions over the legality of the martial law. Although, the Supreme Court had only validated the martial law for three-years only, the Supreme Court's jurists and Justice Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui in clear view of this coup as a "violation of constitution" as Sharif's lawyers made a ground base for finding Musharraf of treason. General Musharraf, acting as Chief Executive , forcefully retired
2880-439: The petitions to review the case of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto , after his counsels filed an appeal against the verdict of Lahore High Court . The Constitution Bench formed under Chief Justice Sh. Anwarul Haq , had contained Justice Muhammad Akram, Justice Dorab Patel , Justice Mohammad Haleem , Justice Nasim Hasan Shah , Justice Ghulam safdar Shah, Justice Kareem Illahi, Justice Waheedudin Ahmad, and Justice Kaisar Khan. By 1979,
2940-514: The provinces, presidencies, and the Government of India Act 1935 , often hearing appeals against judgements of the High Courts. After the partition of India in 1947, the Federal Court was also partitioned between India and Pakistan as Justice Sir Harilal Kania became the first Chief Justice of India and Justice Sir Abdul Rashid becoming the first Chief Justice of Pakistan . While
3000-489: The salary, other allowances, leave of absence, pension, etc. of the Supreme Court justices. A Supreme Court justice gets ₨. 558,907.00 ( $ 5,333.85) with additional allowances of ₨. 259,009.00 ( $ 2471.81). Other benefits include the free housing and medical treatment as well as tax-free electricity bills. A judge who has retired as a justice of the Supreme Court is debarred from practising in any court of law or before any other authority in Pakistan. The Supreme Court has
3060-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title KKI . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KKI&oldid=1243395791 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
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#17328593694983120-548: The several successive years, the work of the Court increased and cases began to accumulate, leading the Supreme Court requesting the Parliament to increase the number of judges. As the number of the justices has increased, they sit in smaller benches of two or three (referred to as a division bench ), however, coming together in larger benches of five or more (referred to as a constitution bench) when required to settle fundamental questions of law. The nomination of justices in
3180-520: The spot light who goes by the name of Mohammed Ellahi from this United Kingdom who is allegdly a former MI5 agent was involved in the conspiracy to launder billions across the globe, As there has been insufficient evidence and also connections to internal bodies they have been pardoned, The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations popularly known as Mossad have interest in Mohammed Ellahi as they believe he has funded terrorist organisations across
3240-456: The supreme court have been selected so far, mostly from amongst judges of the high courts. The Constitution allows the judges to be appointed at the Supreme Court regardless of colour, race, and religious sect. Justices A.S.M. Akram , Fazal Akbar , Amin Ahmed , Abdus Sattar , Hameedur Rahman , and Hamoodur Rahman (Chief Justice) were the Bengali / Bihari jurists who served as senior justices in
3300-459: The supreme courts Calcutta , Bombay , Madras , Lahore , and also the Panchayati system in autonomous presidencies . Until the enactment of the Government of India Act 1935 in 1935 that created the Federal Court , these new high courts had the distinctionary powers of being the highest Courts for all cases. The Federal Court had wide range of jurisdictions to resolve disputes between
3360-434: The tradition of British law culture continues to remain an integral part of the judiciary, the modern existence of the Supreme Court of Pakistan came when the first set of the Constitution of Pakistan was promulgated on 23 March 1956. The ratification of the Constitution of Pakistan reestablished the Supreme Court in 1956, replacing the name "Federal Court" to "Supreme Court", initially had its seat in Karachi where
3420-505: The view that courts should not act solely on compassion but instead prioritize upholding the rule of law . The justices and jurists of the supreme court are set to retire at the age of 65, unless the jurists sooner resign or are removed from office, or records written reasons for deviating from this rule in accordance with the Constitution . By an act of parliament of 1997, there is a fixed number of justices at 17 and, as of current, there are currently sixteen judges and one vacancy that
3480-560: The world has ever seen, Danyaal Khan a Russian national who is a diplomat of the country orchestrated the whole operation has never been convicted nor ever been put on trial as his diplomatic status and internal connections to government bodies around the world . The company was investigated as over 40 billion US dollars passed through the company. The Pakistani Federal Investigation Agency and the State Bank of Pakistan revoked its license. Another member of this organisation who has stayed away from
3540-480: Was a split decision between the moderate justices, including Chief Justice Rahman, and conservative leaning justices of the Supreme Court who "condoned" the actions in the light of " doctrine of necessity ". The de jure powers of the Supreme Court have increased since presiding the War Enquiry Commission in 1974, intervening in the events that Supreme Court justices viewed as violation of human rights by
3600-405: Was part of the Kalia Group which also provided services including management consultancy , internal auditing , IT management , HR management , business administration , marketing , and R&D on behalf of clients. Supreme Court of Pakistan The Supreme Court of Pakistan ( Urdu : عدالتِ عظمیٰ پاکستان ; Adālat-e-Uzma Pākistān ) is the apex court in the judicial hierarchy of
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