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35-654: In December 1946, the station first signed on the air. It was owned by The Walmac Company, along with sister station KMAC (now KSLR ). KMAC and KISS-FM simulcast their programming, mostly from the Mutual Broadcasting System . The schedule included dramas, comedies, news, sports and big band broadcasts, during the " Golden Age of Radio ." The simulcast ended in the late 1960s, as the Federal Communications Commission encouraged AM-FM combos to offer separate programming. KISS-FM began carrying

70-452: A beautiful music format, including instrumental cover versions of popular songs as well as Broadway and Hollywood show tunes. KISS-FM's format changed to free form progressive rock in the mid 1970s. In the 1980s, the playlist stressed hit albums as the station segued to album-oriented rock . During the early years, KISS-FM DJs were mostly given a free rein; many brought in their own vinyl albums, producing their own shows within

105-489: A broadcast automation system, and automatic transmission systems can turn the carrier signal and transmitter on/off by remote control . Sign-on and sign-off sequences have become less common due to the increasing prevalence of 24/7 broadcasting. However, some national broadcasters continue the practice; particularly those in countries with limited broadcast coverage. Stations may also sometimes close for transmitter maintenance, or to allow another station to broadcast on

140-430: A radio or television network may run an unedited feed of the network's overnight programming from a central location, without local advertising . During what are otherwise closedown hours, some channels may also simulcast their teletext pages or full page headlines with music or feeds from sister radio stations playing in the background. Some stations, after doing a sign-off, nonetheless continue to transmit throughout

175-635: A day instead of signing off. In 2012, TV1 broadcast 24 hours a day during the London Olympics in 2012 , due to the time difference. This would become permanent in August 2012, to coincide with their sister channel TV2 by showing reruns from the broadcaster's archive library and movies on early mornings before start-up. During the Holy Week in the Philippines that occurs anywhere between the last week of March to

210-400: A few using other formats. It originated with Los Angeles 's KIIS-FM , which has called itself KIIS-FM since 1975. Despite San Antonio being the headquarters city of iHeartMedia, the company seems to have a gentlemen's agreement not to have a KISS-FM-branded station in the city, while Cox has not attempted to claim rights on the branding despite holding the official KISS-FM call letters from

245-534: A formality to signify the end of its operating day (in the United States, the broadcast logging day ends at 12:00 midnight local time). The sign-off sequence may include some or all of the following stages, but not necessarily in this order: Some countries have a legal protocol for signing-off: in the United States, the minimum requirement is the station's call sign , followed by its designated city of license . Many stations do include other protocols, such as

280-462: A looser rock ballad and heavy metal format. The most notable past KISS/KMAC DJs/personalities were Joe "The Godfather" Anthony and Lou Roney, who worked together for many years. With KISS-FM's hard-edged rock format, San Antonio became known as the "Heavy Metal Capital Of The World." Scores of bands can attribute their first and subsequent successes to airplay at KISS-FM. Co-owned KMAC broadcast show tunes, opera, as well as religious programs such as

315-455: A mainstream rock reporter by Mediabase , KISS-FM has typically been an active rock station, according to Nielsen BDS . KISS-FM is the legal call sign issued to this station by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). It has had the call letters since its founding in 1946. The KISS-FM call sign is not related to the "KISS-FM" brand name used by iHeartMedia, Inc. iHeart uses the moniker "Kiss-FM" on many of its Top 40/CHR stations and

350-597: A number of countries closedowns formerly took place during the daytime as well as overnight. In the United Kingdom , this was initially due to government-imposed restrictions on daytime broadcasting hours, and later, due to budgetary constraints. The eventual relaxation of these rules meant that afternoon closedowns ceased permanently on the ITV network in October 1972, but the BBC maintained

385-430: A period of time each day, instead run low-cost programming during those times of low viewer numbers. This may include infomercials , movies , television show reruns, simple weather forecasts , low cost news or infotainment programming from other suppliers, simulcasts of sister services, or feeds of local cable TV companies' programming via a fiber optic line to the cable headend . Other broadcasters that are part of

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420-748: A prayer of any religion through the day, a week or a month (e.g. During Ramadan , a reading from the Quran, a Muslim quote, or a call for Azan and Fajr prayer will be broadcast. During Lent , a Christian prayer, a hymn or a psalm will be broadcast). In Bali during Nyepi , all terrestrial television and radio stations go off-the-air. During Yom Kippur , virtually all radio and television stations based in Israel go silent for 24 hours, as required by law. However, most international networks broadcast in Israel (e.g. CNN ) continue to broadcast as usual. During Ramadan , Malaysian public broadcaster RTM operated TV1 24 hours

455-406: A sign-on sequence at a certain time in the morning (usually between 4:00 and 7:00 a.m.) as a formality to signify the start of its operating day (in the United States, the broadcast logging day begins at 6:00 a.m. local time). The sign-on sequence may include some or all of the following stages, but not necessarily in this order: While most of these sign-on steps are done as a service to

490-480: A stopgap measure while new formats were prepared for the two frequencies. KSMG general manager Caroline Devine remarked that "the new sounds will be anything but oldies". On December 31, 1991, the rock music format returned to KISS-FM, this time with an Active Rock format. In 1997, KISS-FM was acquired by Cox Radio . As of 2012, the station's format was described as Mainstream Rock , although it has gone back to Active Rock in recent years. Despite being considered

525-509: A test-card was played or a static schedule was posted telling viewers of the programming line-up once broadcasting resumes. In Indonesia, restrictions on broadcast hours were also implemented in July 2005 as part of an energy saving campaign. Three years later, they were implemented again due to the electricity crisis. Medium wave radio is a special case due to its unusual propagation characteristics; it can bounce hundreds of miles by reflecting from

560-416: Is a radio format used by many commercial radio stations across the United States and Canada. Active rock stations play a balance of new hard rock songs with valued classic rock favorites, normally with an emphasis on the harder edge of mainstream rock and album-oriented rock . There is no concrete definition of the active rock format. Sean Ross, editor of Airplay Monitor , described active rock in

595-537: Is a custom to play the national anthem (for Bayerischer Rundfunk and stations owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media , the Bayernhymne was also played beforehand) and the European Union anthem . In Spain , it is a custom to play the national anthem (for RTVA , EITB and Televisión de Galicia , La bandera blanca y verde , Eusko Abendaren Ereserkia and Os Pinos was also played beforehand respectively). In

630-514: The Catholic Media Network prominently follow the latter pattern, broadcasting Paschal Triduum services and other similar programming. Campus radio stations ' operations during this time are left to the discretion of their respective schools, colleges, or universities by either closing down on the afternoon and/or evening of Holy Wednesday or remaining off-air for the entire Holy Week. On cable, satellite, and live TV streaming, with

665-789: The Mormon Tabernacle Choir until noon, when the AM station would simulcast the rock format heard on KISS-FM. At 6 p.m., KMAC would switch away from the simulcast and broadcast rock and progressive country till signing off at midnight. In those earlier years, KISS-FM signed off at midnight each night. "Spread The Word" was the popular window sticker slogan & on-air moniker during the 1970s and 1980s. On August 1, 1979, longtime station owner Howard W. Davis died, and eight months later, KMAC and KISS-FM were sold by his estate to Raleigh, North Carolina –based Capitol Broadcasting Company for $ 4.65 million. Capitol president James F. Goodmon, upon announcing

700-597: The FCC. Of note, Cox owns WALR-FM , an urban adult contemporary station in its home city of Atlanta , which utilizes the "KISS-FM" branding. iHeart has KISS-FM stations in Los Angeles, Chicago ( WKSC-FM ), Dallas ( KHKS ), Boston ( WXKS-FM ), and other cities. Sign-on A sign-on (or start-up in Commonwealth countries except Canada) is the beginning of operations for a radio or television station , generally at

735-620: The city's number one radio station and actually increased its audience despite KISS' flip to the format, jumping from a 7.7 share in the spring book to a 9.7 in the summer book. By Memorial Day 1991, the station had changed general managers twice. Two program directors had also come and gone, one staying less than two months, and the entire inaugural full-time airstaff was out. The Rusk Corporation, which owned KSMG , began to lease KISS AM and FM from Adams in November 1991. Rusk began simulcasting KSMG on both 99.5 FM and 930 AM at 3 p.m. on November 8 as

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770-425: The exception of specialty channels that broadcast horse racing , cockfighting , and the like that remain dormant during this period, most international networks distributed in the Philippines or Philippine-exclusive cable channels either continue to broadcast their 24/7 regular programming service week-long or provide specially-arranged schedules from Holy Thursday to Black Saturday. Active Rock Active rock

805-402: The format change was "one of the more stupid moves I've seen in corporate radio". While the new owners hoped the new format would increase the station's ratings, the opposite happened. In its last full book as a rock station, KISS held a 5.0 share, and by the summer 1990 book, the station's rating fell to a 3.0 share in the coveted 25-54 demographic. By contrast, competing oldies station KSMG was

840-480: The late 1990s as album-oriented rock (AOR) "with a greater emphasis on the harder end of the spectrum". Radio & Records defined the format as based on current rock hits in frequent rotation and targeted to males ages 18–34, akin to the approach of contemporary hit radio (CHR) stations. An active rock station may include songs by classic hard rock artists whereas a modern rock or alternative station would not. Additionally, an active rock station will play

875-688: The national anthem or transmitter information, as a custom, or as a service to the public. In the United Kingdom, before the introduction of 24-hour television, there was no known legal protocol for a sign-off: BBC One and many ITV regions customarily included a continuity announcement, clock and the country's national anthem (for BBC One Wales and HTV Wales , Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau was also played beforehand), while Granada and Channel 4 signed-off with just an announcement, clock and ident, and BBC Two , Yorkshire and Border closed down with an announcement over their station clock. In Germany , it

910-453: The off-air period on cable/satellite; this transmission may involve a test pattern , static image, local weather radar display, teletext pages or full-page headlines which was accompanied by music or a local weather radio service. Some broadcasters that have ceased signing on and signing off in favour of 24-hour broadcasting may perform a sign-off sequence at a certain time in the night (usually between 10:00 p.m. and 1:00 a.m.) as

945-513: The practice until Friday 24 October 1986, before commencing a full daytime service on the following Monday. Afternoon closedowns continued in South Korea until December 2005. Hong Kong's broadcasting networks (particularly the English-speaking channels) also practiced this until mid-2008. In these cases, the station's transmitters later did not actually shut-down for the afternoon break; either

980-426: The public, or for advertising reasons, some of them may be required by the government of the country. Sign-offs, like sign-ons, vary from country to country, from station to station, and from time to time; however, most follow a similar general pattern. Many stations follow the reverse process to their sign-on sequence at the start of the day. Many stations, while no longer conducting a sign-off and being off air for

1015-486: The sale, said that they were "excited about entering the dynamic San Antonio market and becoming a part of the community". In 1987, Adams Radio bought KISS-FM for $ 13 million after a previous sale to Noble Broadcast Group the year before failed to close. The rock format was set aside for a year and a half. On the morning of July 19, 1990, KISS-FM abruptly flipped to oldies as "99.5 KISS Oldies." Adams corporate programming director B.J. Hunter stated that "very simply, this

1050-408: The same channel space. Sign-ons, like sign-offs, vary from country to country, from station to station, and from time to time; however, most follow a similar general pattern. It is common for sign-ons to be followed by a network's early morning newscast , or their morning or breakfast show . Some broadcasters that have ceased signing on and signing off in favour of 24-hour broadcasting may perform

1085-559: The start of each day. It is the opposite of a sign-off (or closedown in Commonwealth countries except Canada), which is the sequence of operations involved when a radio or television station shuts down its transmitters and goes off the air for a predetermined period; generally, this occurs during the overnight hours although a broadcaster's digital specialty or sub-channels may sign-on and sign-off at significantly different times than its main channels. Like other television programming , sign-on and sign-off sequences can be initiated by

KISS-FM - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-662: The third week of April (depending on the Roman Catholic liturgical calendar ), terrestrial television and radio stations continue their regular schedules from Palm Sunday until Holy Wednesday . From the midnight of Holy Thursday until the early hours of Easter Sunday (before 4 AM PHT ), most commercial television and radio networks either remain off-the-air or reduce their broadcast hours. Stations that opt to remain on-air provide special programming such as Lenten drama specials, news coverage of various services and rites, Christian and mellow music content. Member stations of

1155-413: The upper atmosphere at night, but during the day these same layers absorb signal instead of reflecting. A few powerful regional clear-channel stations have an extensive secondary coverage area which is protected by having smaller local co-channel stations in distant communities sign off shortly before sunset. A frequency on which a broadcaster has to drastically reduce power or sign off entirely at sunset

1190-432: Was a financial decision that we had to make". Station vice president Rick Joppie noted that the station had been underperforming since 1987, and that the parent company had success with the oldies format in other markets. Joppie added that "we are a company that needs to make money". Local outrage was fierce, with the station's phone lines jammed the day of the switch. Steve Coffman, operations manager of KFAN-FM , said that

1225-497: Was traditionally the least desirable assignment, which would usually go to small or new-entrant stations when all of the more favourable slots were already allocated. These AM daytimers are becoming less common as stations (and audiences) migrate to FM or to frequencies vacated by the closure of other stations, but a handful still exist in the US and México. During religious holidays or occasions, Doordarshan and Akashvani will broadcast

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