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79-752: Texas State Highway 99 (Grand Parkway) bisects the prison property. Cornfields surround the Jester property. A portion of the property is within the Pecan Grove CDP . Previously the complex was known as Harlem , the Harlem Prison Farm , or the Harlem Plantation . The state of Texas purchased the prison farm property in 1885 or 1886. Previously several private plantations based here used convict leasing for labor. This system has been called "slavery by another name", as lessees operated with little oversight by

158-616: A Texas Workforce Center , a Texas Department of Public Safety office, a Texas Department of Criminal Justice office, and a Denton District Parole Office. The Denton State Supported Living Center , formerly Denton State School, is Texas's largest residential facility for people with developmental disabilities. It serves an 18-county area and employs approximately 1,500 people. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has its Region VI headquarters in Denton. All Denton city council and mayoral terms are two years, unlike in most cities in

237-530: A nonpartisan city council, and numerous county and state departments have offices in the city. With over 45,000 students enrolled at the two universities within its city limits, Denton is often characterized as a college town . As a result of the universities' growth, educational services play a large role in the city's economy. Residents are served by the Denton County Transportation Authority , which provides commuter rail and bus service to

316-576: A preacher and lawyer who was killed in 1841 during a skirmish with the Kichai people in what is now Tarrant County . Pickneyville and Alton were selected as the county seat before Denton was named the seat in 1857. That year, a commission laid out the city and named the first streets. On July 8, 1860, approximately half of the downtown Square burned down in what was later called the " Texas Troubles ". Fires occurred in ten Texas communities that day, including Dallas and Pilot Point, and were quickly attributed to

395-466: A public–private cooperative toll road. At its meeting on April 28, 2011, TxDOT allocated $ 350 million, and the construction permits were let in July 2011. On July 28, 2011, TxDOT reported that three out of four contracts for Segment E were awarded and that construction would start by early September 2011. The multi-year reconstruction of I-10 / US 90 was completed in 2008, while US 290 / SH 6 reconstruction

474-471: A railroad line in the city in 1881 spurred population, and the establishment of the University of North Texas in 1890 and Texas Woman's University in 1901 distinguished the city from neighboring regions. After the construction of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport finished in 1974, the city had more rapid growth; as of 2011, Denton was the seventh-fastest growing city with a population of over 100,000 in

553-498: A rodeo, the event features several local country rock performances, pageants, and food contests. Hosted by the North Texas State Fairgrounds since 1948, the fair brings in over 150,000 people during its nine-day run. The Denton Municipal Airport has hosted the annual Denton Airshow since 1998. The event includes aerial demonstrations and airplane exhibits; it attracted over 10,000 attendees in 2012. Other events in

632-407: A slave insurrection. By the end of July, vigilante justice took hold and "[r]egularly constituted law-enforcement agencies stepped aside to allow the vigilantes to do their work. Although no hard evidence was ever adduced to prove the guilt of a single alleged black arsonist or white abolitionist, many unfortunates of both classes were nevertheless hanged for their alleged crimes." In February 1861,

711-658: A statement affirming it will "continue to enforce our current regulations to protect the health and safety of our residents, but we do not know how the operators or courts will react". I-35E and I-35W , which split in Hillsboro south of the Metroplex and come north through Dallas and Fort Worth respectively, rejoin near the University of North Texas campus in the southwest part of Denton to form Interstate 35 as it continues north on its way to Oklahoma. Loop 288 partially encircles

790-607: A statewide referendum was held and Texans voted to join the Confederate States of America . Denton incorporated in 1866; its first mayor was J.B. Sawyer. As the city expanded beyond its original boundaries (which extended half a mile in every direction from center of the public square ), it became an agricultural trade center for the mill and cottage industries. The arrival of the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881 gave Denton its first rail connection and brought an influx of people to

869-642: Is a cultural and political hub of the city. At its center is the Denton County Courthouse-on-the-Square , which includes local government offices and a museum showcasing area history and culture. Listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places , the former county courthouse was restored for the Texas Sesquicentennial in 1986. The positive response to the renovation sparked a downtown revitalization program that generated new jobs and reinvestment capital. The downtown square

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948-454: Is a public community college based in Gainesville, Texas. Starting in the 2019–2020 school year, North Central Texas College partnered with First State Bank to open a branch campus in downtown Denton. Located in the former Denton Record-Chronicle building, the campus focuses on accounting, business, biology, early childhood education, kinesiology, psychology, and general studies. Since 1899,

1027-478: Is a solidly Republican-voting city, but it has become more competitive in national elections as its population has diversified, shifting toward the Democratic Party in more recent elections. After the 2021 redistricting process, new and significantly different political boundaries were set for Denton County. Starting in 2023, most of Denton will be in the 13th Congressional district . The southwest portions of

1106-533: Is acceptable to the opposition group Citizens Against the Grand Parkway and is likely to encounter much less opposition from the community. The controversial Segment A, which would stretch from SH 146 to I-45 southeast of Houston through a very developed area, has not been fully designed yet. SH 146 is a possible routing of the highway in Segment A, but TxDOT has released plans for the highway to intersect I-45 from

1185-494: Is also host to several private schools with religious affiliations and alternative education models. According to the 2010 United States Census, 35.1% of all adults over the age of 25 in Denton have obtained a bachelor's degree, as compared to the state average of 25.8%, and 86.1% of residents over the age of 25 have earned a high school diploma, as compared to the state average of 80%. The high school residential program Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science , for gifted students,

1264-580: Is bolstered by area residents. Since 1976 the Denton Community Band and Jazz Ensemble has provided performance opportunities at local concerts and holiday festivals for the many talented amateur musicians incubated in Denton's rich environment of music education. The Dallas Observer features a column on Denton's music scene. In 2007 and 2008, Denton's music scene received feature attention from The Guardian , Pop Matters , and The New York Times . Paste Magazine named Denton's music scene

1343-688: Is broadcast on local channels provided by Charter Communications and Verizon Communications . ntTV News is broadcast live Monday through Thursday. KNTU 88.1 FM is UNT's official radio station. First aired in 1969, the station primarily plays a mixture of jazz and blues and covers local sports and news. Two major hospitals operate in Denton: Medical City Denton and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Denton are both full-service hospitals with differing capacities: 208 beds and 255 beds, respectively. Each employs more than 800 employees and are licensed with emergency services. In response to

1422-470: Is characterized by flat terrain. Elevation ranges from 500 to 900 feet (150 to 270 m). Part of the city is atop the Barnett Shale , a geological formation believed to contain large quantities of natural gas . Lewisville Lake , a man-made reservoir , is 15 miles (24 km) south of the city. With its hot, humid summers and cool winters, Denton's climate is characterized as humid subtropical and

1501-467: Is in Denton. The Roman Catholic Immaculate Conception Catholic School, a K–8 school of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Worth , opened in 1995. Construction on the current facility started on July 15, 2001, with its opening on August 19, 2002. The charter school operator Life's Beautiful Educational Centers Inc. (closed 1999) operated the school L.O.V.E. in Denton. Denton is served by

1580-413: Is in place. Denton is served by the Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA), which operates local bus service, on-demand GoZone service, and regional rail to Lewisville and Carrollton, with connections to Dallas ' DART rail system. In 2011, Downtown Denton Transit Center and Medpark Station opened as commuter rail stations on DCTA's A-train , which now has five stations and connects to

1659-684: Is maintained by the Fort Bend County Toll Road Authority . The remainder of Segment D, which runs from the Westpark Tollway north to I-10 , along with the other completed segments as of 2022 , are maintained by the Texas Department of Transportation . Speed limits on the Grand Parkway are 65 to 75 mph (105 to 121 km/h). Tolls may be paid using one of the Texas toll tag transponders ( TxTag , EZ TAG , and TollTag ),

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1738-550: Is no timetable on when or if any new projects will come out of this study. Segment E connects I-10 / US 90 Katy Freeway in the south near Katy to US 290 / SH 6 near Cypress. Construction began in summer 2011, and Segment E opened as scheduled in December 2013. On June 3, 2008, the Harris County Commissioners Court voted to fast-track the construction of Segment E, with construction to begin in 2009. Despite

1817-513: Is operational. Between the Westpark Tollway and I-69/US 59, Fort Bend County has constructed toll overpasses at nine locations along SH 99. Overpasses between I-69/US 59 and US 90 Alternate opened on February 27, 2014, Airport Boulevard and Harlem Road on March 18, 2014, and Mason Road and Bellfort Street on March 30, 2014. The remainder of the tolled overpasses to I-10/US 90 opened in late April 2014. Motorists in 2-axle vehicles may pay between $ 0.46 and $ 0.69 to use each overpass, or they may bypass

1896-670: Is populated by local shops and restaurants, some of which have been in business since the 1940s. Each year, the downtown square is adorned with lights and spotlighted during the Denton Holiday Lighting Festival. In 1918, the Daughters of the Confederacy erected the Denton Confederate Soldier Monument , a 12-foot tall (3.7 m) granite, arched monument topped with a statue of a Confederate soldier, in

1975-472: Is within USDA hardiness zone 8a. The city's all-time high temperature is 113 °F (45 °C), recorded in 1954. Dry winds affect the area in the summer and can bring temperatures of over 100 °F (38 °C), although the average summer temperature highs range from 91 to 96 °F (33 to 36 °C) between June and August. The all-time recorded low is −6 °F (−21 °C), set on February 16, 2021 , and

2054-573: The Denton Record-Chronicle has been the newspaper of record for Denton. When it was acquired by Belo Corporation in 1999, the newspaper had a circulation of 16,000. The North Texas Daily and The Lasso provide daily and weekly news to students at the University of North Texas and Texas Woman's University. The city's public television station, Denton TV (DTV), covers city council meetings, restaurant scores, high school football, and educational programming. UNT's television station, ntTV ,

2133-625: The Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area . These three cities form the area known as the "Golden Triangle of North Texas". According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has an area of 89.316 square miles (231.33 km ), of which 87.952 square miles (227.79 km ) is land and 1.364 square miles (3.53 km ) is covered by water. The city lies in the northeast edge of the Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin , which

2212-928: The Kansas Turnpike Authority 's K-TAG , or the Oklahoma Turnpike Authority 's Pikepass . No cash payments are accepted. As of 2020 , a pay-by-mail option is available on segments maintained by TxDOT. Segment A would extend from SH 146 near San Leon to I-45 in League City . As of November 2022 , it is not considered a viable project. Segment B will extend from I-45 in League City to SH 288 near Rosharon . In mid-October 2023, TxDOT announced that it would begin construction on Segment B-1, which will connect I-45 to SH 35 in Alvin , in Spring 2027 with it completion set for 2030. Open houses on

2291-563: The fifth largest university in Texas . The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Its College of Music , the first school to offer a degree in the field of jazz studies, is internationally recognized and known for producing successful artists. Texas Woman's University (TWU) is a public university system in Denton with two health science center campuses in Dallas and Houston. Founded in 1901,

2370-541: The seat of Denton County . With a population of 139,869 as of 2020, it is the 20th-most populous city in Texas, the 177th-most populous city in the United States , and the 12th-most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex . A Texas land grant led to the formation of Denton County in 1846, and the city was incorporated in 1866. Both were named after pioneer and Texas militia captain John B. Denton . The arrival of

2449-456: The 100-block of Fry Street and announced that several of the historic buildings would be demolished and the businesses displaced to accommodate a new mixed-use commercial center. Some residents, who sought to preserve the area as a historic and cultural icon, opposed the proposal. The Denton City Council approved a new proposal for the area from Dinerstein Cos in 2010. Denton is on the northern edge of

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2528-701: The Denton Public Library, which has three branches: Emily Fowler Central Library, North Branch Library, and South Branch Library. The University of North Texas (UNT) in Denton is the flagship university of the University of North Texas System , which also includes the UNT Health Science Center in Fort Worth, the University of North Texas at Dallas , UNT Dallas College of Law , and a satellite campus in Frisco . With an enrollment of over 42,000, it's

2607-600: The Denton Square on the courthouse lawn. The monument was controversial, and Denton County Commissioners unanimously approved its removal on June 9, 2020. Denton is the county seat of Denton County . From 1914 to 1959, the City of Denton used a mayor–city commission system, but a charter adopted in 1959 created a council–manager form of city government. Residents elect a mayor, four single-member district council members, and two at-large members. The Denton City Council appoints

2686-537: The Green Line of Dallas Area Rapid Transit's ( DART ) Green Line at Trinity Mills Station. The two transit companies, along with the Trinity Rail Express ( TRE ) of Fort Worth, offer regional passes to be used on any of the three systems. As of August, 2017 (no deadline announced), rides between the first two (DDTC and Medpark) and the last two (Hebron and Trinity Mills) are "fare-free," though any ride to or through

2765-605: The South. One Freedman Settlement, Quakertown, thrived just south of what is now Texas Woman's University until around 1920, when the city government forcibly removed the residents to make way for a park. Quakertown's Black children were served separately from white children by the Frederick Douglass School. Originally scheduled to open in September 1913, it was mysteriously burned down the night before its scheduled opening. It

2844-714: The United States and the 20th largest in Texas per the 2020 census. The United States Census Bureau defines an urban area of northern Dallas-area suburbs that are separated from the Dallas–Fort Worth urban area, with Denton and Lewisville as the principal cities: the Denton–Lewisville, TX urban area had a population of 429,461 as of the 2020 census, ranked 96th in the United States . The educational services, health and social services, manufacturing, and general retail sectors employ over 20,000 people in Denton. The city's three largest educational institutions, including

2923-571: The University of North Texas, Denton Independent School District, and Texas Woman's University, are the largest employers, employing almost 12,000 people. The University of North Texas is the city's largest employer, with 7,764 employees comprising 12.59% of the workforce. The City of Denton also employs more than 1,334 people. Wholesale trade and hospitality jobs also play major roles. Notable businesses headquartered in Denton include truck manufacturer Peterbilt , beauty supplier Sally Beauty Company , and jewelry producer Jostens . Golden Triangle Mall ,

3002-519: The addition of $ 150 million in stimulus funding, the project stalled. As with many stimulus-funded projects, the construction of Segment E turned out not to be " shovel ready " enough, and the funds were sent back to TxDOT for use elsewhere. In 2011, the Wetlands permit from the Army Corps of Engineers was acquired. In addition, Harris County relinquished its rights to TxDOT so that the latter could construct

3081-507: The area, which use three-year terms. Even-numbered years bring the elections of the three at-large seats, places 5 & 6 and mayor. Odd-numbered years bring the elections of the four district council members. The mayor is Gerard Hudspeth , who was elected in 2020 and reelected in 2022 . In 2014, city voters approved a ban on fracking . In 2022, city voters approved decriminalization of possession of misdemeanor amounts of marijuana. Denton Independent School District (DISD) provides

3160-545: The area. Denton's formation is closely tied to that of Denton County. White settlement of the area began in the mid-1800s when William S. Peters of Kentucky obtained a land grant from the Texas Congress and named it Peters Colony. After initial settlement in the southeast part of the county in 1843, the Texas Legislature voted to form Denton County in 1846. Both the county and the town were named for John B. Denton ,

3239-537: The area. North Texas Normal College, now the University of North Texas , was established in 1890, and the Girls' Industrial College, now Texas Woman's University , was founded in 1901. As the universities increased in size, their impact on Denton's economy and culture increased. Electricity came to Denton in 1905 with the creation of Denton Municipal Electric. After the Civil War, "Freedmen Settlements" were started throughout

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3318-484: The best in the nation in 2008. In 2014, the Huffington Post listed Denton as Texas's top emerging cultural hot spot, calling Denton "practically an indie band factory at this point". The city-sponsored Denton Arts and Jazz Festival attracts over 200,000 people each year for live music, food, crafts, and recreation at Civic Center Park. With hopes to create a live music event like South by Southwest , Denton held

3397-774: The city include an annual Redbud Festival, the Fiesta on the Square, the Thin Line Fest, and the Day of the Dead Festival. Denton houses the largest community garden in the nation, Shiloh Field Community Garden , which covers 14.5 acres. Denton's independent music scene has emerged alongside its academic music establishments, including the University of North Texas College of Music . The city's live music venues are largely supported by Denton's college-town atmosphere, although show attendance

3476-544: The city manager. Council terms are for two years, with a maximum of three consecutive terms, and elections are held each year in May. Denton Municipal Utilities administers utilities; the city provides water, wastewater, electric, drainage and solid waste service. The electric utility, Denton Municipal Electric (DME), has been in operation since 1905. In 2009, DME began providing 40% of its energy to customers through renewable resources. The City of Denton Water Utilities Department serves

3555-454: The city will be in the 26th Congressional district . Almost all of the city is in newly drawn Texas House district 64 . Some portions of south, north, and far east Denton are in Texas House districts 57 and 106 . All of the city is in the new Texas Senate district 30 , except for some western portions in district 12. Several Texas state agencies have facilities in the city, including

3634-417: The city's largest shopping complex with over 90 specialty shops, is a major source of retail trade. According to Denton's Economic Development Partnership Report, the top employers in Denton were: Denton is home to several annual artistic and cultural events that cater to residents and tourists. The annual North Texas State Fair and Rodeo began in 1928 and promotes Texas's cowboy culture. In addition to

3713-714: The city's water demand. Atmos Energy provides the city's natural gas. Denton is a part of the Sister Cities International program and maintains cultural and economic exchange programs with its sister cities , Madaba , Jordan , and San Nicolás de los Garza , Mexico . Denton is a voluntary member of the North Central Texas Council of Governments association, the purpose of which is to coordinate individual and collective local governments and facilitate regional solutions, eliminate unnecessary duplication, and enable joint decisions. Denton historically

3792-471: The city. The project, which began construction in the summer of 2017, was expected to cost $ 1.2 billion. Due to Hurricane Harvey , the completion date was delayed from 2019 to May 2022, when it opened. Segment I-2 , which opened on March 25, 2008, after five years of construction, runs from I-10 east of Houston south to Business SH 146 in Baytown . (The former Spur 55, which ran from FM 1405 to Business 146,

3871-614: The city; it passes through the northern limits of the city by C. H. Collins Athletic Complex and the eastern side near Golden Triangle Mall. Highway 77 and 377 go through the historic town square and Highway 380 connects Denton to Frisco and McKinney in the east and Decatur in the west. Denton Enterprise Airport is a public airport located 3 miles (4.8 km) west of the central business district (CBD) of Denton. This airport serves as home to various cargo and charter operators as well as two flight schools. A new terminal opened in 2008, but as of June 2008 no scheduled commuter service

3950-475: The coolest month is January, with daily low temperatures averaging 33 °F (1 °C). Denton lies on the southern end of what is commonly referred to as " Tornado Alley "; the National Weather Service occasionally issues tornado watches , but tornadoes rarely form in the city. The city receives about 37.7 inches (96 cm) of rain per year. Flash floods and severe thunderstorms are frequent in

4029-576: The country. Located on the far north end of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex in North Texas on Interstate 35 , Denton is known for its active music scene; the North Texas State Fair and Rodeo , Denton Arts and Jazz Festival , and Thin Line Fest attract over 300,000 people to the city each year. The city has hot, humid summers and few extreme weather events. Its diverse citizenry is represented by

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4108-506: The enclosure went over 100 °F (38 °C), and convicts asked the guards to let them out. The guards did not let them out, and 8 of the 12 convicts died of suffocation and heat. In 1925 the prison farm had 5,005 acres (2,025 ha) of land. During that year it had 260 prisoners. The complex was renamed in the 1950s after Governor of Texas Beauford H. Jester . A spur track of the Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway opened at

4187-478: The first (inner) loop and Beltway 8 (Sam Houston Tollway) being the second (middle) loop. The proposed 176.6-mile (284.2 km) loop has been divided into 11 separate segments for construction and funding purposes. In May 2019, the Texas Department of Transportation gave the Grand Parkway a secondary designation as the Mayor Bob Lanier Memorial Parkway , honoring Bob Lanier , who served as

4266-488: The first North by 35 Music Festival, later renamed 35 Denton , in March 2009. The festival ceased in 2017 after running annually for several years. The city has also hosted the annual film and music festival Thin Line Fest annually since 2007. It is Texas's longest-running documentary film festival and attracts thousands of tourists over a few days each year. The Denton Square, bordered by Oak, Hickory, Locust, and Elm Streets,

4345-612: The first section opened, runs from just north of I-10 / US 90 , west of Houston, south to I-69 / US 59 in Sugar Land , where it terminates and intersects with FM 2759 . The portion of this segment south of the interchange with the Westpark Tollway is now a four-lane divided highway feeder road, with mainlanes crossing over the Westpark Tollway. The 18-month-long construction of two ramps connecting westbound I-10/US 90 to southbound SH 99 and northbound SH 99 to eastbound I-10/US 90

4424-420: The idea of the Grand Parkway going through their neighborhoods. The group United to Save Our Spring tried to stop the Grand Parkway from going through a neighborhood off FM 2920 . Residents in other unincorporated areas such as The Woodlands have not shown the same opposition, instead supporting the construction of the Grand Parkway, namely Segments E, F-1, F-2, and G, as the route would give residents living in

4503-409: The mayor of Houston from 1992 to 1998 and who had spearheaded the creation of the Grand Parkway. A previous route designated SH 99 was established on August 18, 1924, from San Angelo to Fort Stockton . On June 25, 1929, SH 99 was extended to Alpine . On March 2, 1932, a spur to Sherwood with the designation SH 99A was added, but was maintained by the county. On July 23, 1934, this route

4582-521: The outer suburbs a toll road option for long-distance travel, as opposed to having to drive through the city of Houston or using the Sam Houston Tollway to bypass the city. Some residents in Brazoria County , along Segment B, have voiced opposition to several of the proposed alignments. However, TxDOT has recently proposed a fifth alternative alignment to the north of Alvin . This alternative

4661-836: The post office closed, the post office in Richmond , Texas handled mail for the prison farm. In 1908 the State of Texas bought the Riddick Plantation, which was next to the Harlem property. The state incorporated that property into the Harlem Farm. In September 1913 several prison guards in one of the units punished twelve African-American prisoners by placing them in a 9 feet 3 inches (2.82 m) long, 7 feet 3.5 inches (2.223 m) wide, and 6 feet 11.5 inches (2.121 m) high enclosure called "The Hole." The temperature in

4740-405: The previously mentioned, 2014 city referendum prohibiting hydraulic fracturing (fracking) that passed with 59% of the vote, Texas enacted a law specifying "the exclusive jurisdiction of this state to regulate oil and gas operations in this state and the express preemption of local regulation of those operations", though it allows some "commercially reasonable" rules. Denton's city council put out

4819-571: The prison complex. Texas State Highway 99 State Highway 99 ( SH 99 ), also known as the Grand Parkway , is a beltway in the U.S. state of Texas . Its first section opened on August 31, 1994. When the route is completed, it will be the longest beltway in the U.S., the world's seventh-longest ring road , and the third (outer) loop of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area, with Interstate 610 being

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4898-455: The prison farm to load and unload sugarcane that was produced at the farm. The railroad line closed in 1929. The state expanded the facilities, opening Jester III Unit in July 1982. Jester IV Unit opened in November 1993. Jester IV Unit was renamed to Wayne Scott Unit in 2021. Steven Spielberg 's first theatrical release, The Sugarland Express (1974), was set in and partially filmed at

4977-464: The project were requested during this part of the month as well. Segment C will extend from SH 288 near Rosharon to I-69 / US 59 in Sugar Land . As of January 2022 , its estimated completion date is to be determined. Construction was originally scheduled to begin in August 2016, but the plans were re-evaluated and re-approved on March 9, 2017. No timeline for construction is set. Segment D ,

5056-480: The public primary and secondary educational system in the majority of the city. The district comprises four comprehensive high schools ( Braswell , Denton , Guyer , and Ryan ), two alternative high schools, and multiple elementary and middle schools. Small portions of the city extend into the Argyle , Krum , Ponder , and Sanger school districts. The respective comprehensive high schools of these districts are: Argyle , Krum , Ponder , and Sanger . Denton

5135-423: The spring. Average snowfall is similar to the Dallas–Fort Worth average of 2.4 inches (6.1 cm) per year. Along with much of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, Denton has grown rapidly since the beginning of the 21st century, becoming the seventh-fastest growing city in the U.S. with a population over 100,000 between 2010 and 2011. The median income for a household was $ 60,018 in 2020. The per capita income

5214-414: The state as to their treatment of convicts. The plantations included the Harlem Plantation and several adjacent tracts of land. The state essentially assigned room and board to employers who leased convicts; it had few prisons until late in the 19th century. In 1885 the state opened Harlem I Unit and Harlem II Unit . From July 20, 1888 to August 31, 1907 a post office was located on the prison farm. After

5293-440: The surrounding area. Sound barriers have not been constructed based on an environmental study that is over 30 years old. Resident petitions and protests for a new sound barrier study have not been addressed, and TxDOT claims that the section of the route in the area "does not qualify for that." Further expansion in this area is planned to start in 2010 with two tollway lanes added in each direction. Some groups of residents oppose

5372-450: The toll by using the current roadway through the signalized intersections. A TxDOT study is currently underway for Segment D. The study includes looking at ways to reduce traffic in the original segment of the non-tolled portion of the freeway; this includes the possibility of adding continuous frontage roads . This segment has been open since 1994 and population, and thus traffic, in the surrounding area has increased greatly since. There

5451-400: The university enrolls more than 13,000 undergraduates and graduates. Men have been admitted to TWU since 1972 but make up less than ten percent of the university. TWU's College of Nursing is the second largest in Texas and in the top 20 of largest nursing programs in the United States, and the school's nursing doctoral program is the largest in the world. North Central Texas College (NCTC)

5530-403: The west at its intersection with FM 646 . If the highway were to continue south on SH 146 to its intersection with FM 646 (supposing that it is built along the route of FM 646), it would eventually have to pass through the town of Kemah , which could not support a large highway unless many businesses were destroyed. Denton, Texas Denton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and

5609-410: Was $ 29,109. About 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line . Denton fares above the national average with 90.4% of the population high school graduated or higher and 38.9% with a bachelor's degree or higher. According to the 2020 United States census , there were 139,869 people, 47,777 households, and 28,430 families residing in the city. Denton's population made it the 197th largest city in

5688-605: Was completed and opened to traffic on March 29, 2016. An interchange with the Hardy Toll Road was completed on July 18, 2016. Segments H and I-1 extend from I-69 / US 59 north of Houston to I-10 . Texas Transportation Commission members met in Pasadena in late June 2015, and one item on their agenda is soliciting interested builders to develop, build and maintain the next 37.4 mi (60.2 km) Grand Parkway segment from I-69 / US 59 north of Houston to I-10 east of

5767-515: Was completed in 2011. The occasional traffic jams at this intersection prompted the sped-up construction of the ramps before the through lanes of SH 99 were built through the I-10/US 90 interchange. Two more ramps connecting southbound SH 99 to eastbound I-10/US 90 and westbound I-10/US 90 to northbound SH 99 opened as part of the construction of Segment E in December 2013. A final ramp connecting northbound SH 99 to westbound I-10/US 90 has been completed and

5846-740: Was completed in 2022. Segment F-2 connects SH 249 near Tomball with I-45 near Spring. Construction began on Segment F-2 in June 2013. A one-mile section of frontage road lanes between I-45 and Holzwarth Road (near the ExxonMobil Campus in Spring) was completed and opened to traffic in April 2015. The remainder of Segment F-2 opened on February 5, 2016. Segment G connects I-45 near Spring with I-69 / US 59 in New Caney . Construction began in June 2013 and

5925-718: Was not scheduled to begin until 2011. The 22-mile (35 km) section of I-10/US 90 from Katy to just inside the I-610 loop was expanded to handle the rapidly-growing western suburbs with additional mainlanes and two high-occupancy toll lanes . Segment F-1 connects US 290 / SH 6 near Cypress to SH 249 near Tomball . Construction began in June 2013 and was completed and opened to traffic on February 5, 2016. In early 2020, construction commenced on four direct connectors: two from northbound Tomball Tollway to east and westbound Grand Parkway, and two connecting to southbound Tomball Tollway from east and westbound Grand Parkway. The project

6004-654: Was rebuilt and in 1949 renamed the "Fred Moore School". Denton's population grew from 26,844 in 1960 to 48,063 in 1980. Its connection to the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex via I-35E and I-35W played a major role in the growth, and the opening of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport in 1974 led to a population increase. In the 1980s, heavy manufacturing companies like Victor Equipment Company and Peterbilt joined older manufacturing firms such as Moore Business Forms and Morrison Milling Company in Denton. The population rose from 66,270 in 1990 to 80,537 in 2000. In May 2006, Houston -based real estate company United Equities purchased

6083-551: Was renumbered SH 99 and connects with the newly constructed portion of Segment I-2 at FM 1405.) TxDOT began collecting tolls on this segment on November 1, 2011. Residents who live along the Grand Parkway in Harris and Fort Bend counties, namely in the Cinco Ranch and Falcon Point areas within Segment D, have noticed increased noise due to expansion of the highway, which includes construction of new overpasses as well as increased growth in

6162-425: Was rerouted further east along a new route south to Spur 55 and along Spur 55 to Business SH 146 . Spur 55 was cancelled, effective upon the completion of that section of SH 99 in 2008. The Grand Parkway project is divided into several segments for construction and administrative purposes. The section from Interstate 69 (I-69) in Sugar Land north to the Westpark Tollway is the southern portion of Segment D and

6241-561: Was transferred to SH 10 , and SH 99A was cancelled by then. The route is part of present-day U.S. Route 67 (US 67). On October 29, 1960, a new route was designated for SH 99, from Denton to the Oklahoma state line as a renumbering of SH 10, to match OK 99 at the border. On April 29, 1968, this route became part of US 377 . On October 25, 1984, SH 99 was designated along a very similar route to its current one, but ending at SH 146 (then Loop 201 ) and Spur 330 . On March 28, 2002, SH 99

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