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60-484: Located in Golden, Colorado , the 531,000-square-foot (49,300 m) contains a judicial wing of 304,000 square feet (28,200 m) and an administrative wing, joined by the central lobby atrium, of 227,000 square feet (21,100 m). The government center opened in 1993. Concealed either underground or by landscaping, the government center’s two-story parking structure holds 1,400 vehicles and serves both wings. In addition,

120-413: A jail and numerous support facilities. The exterior features two-toned precast that blends with the nearby Rocky Mountain foothills while the interior contains natural cherry wood , terrazzo flooring and brass accents. 39°43′42″N 105°12′06″W  /  39.72820°N 105.20158°W  / 39.72820; -105.20158 Golden, Colorado Golden is a home rule city that

180-478: A 15,000-square-foot (1,400 m) tunnel and central holding facility connects the judicial building to a pre-existing detention center . Designed by Fentress Architects , the master plan for the 180-acre (0.73 km) campus was designed to give the county a seat of government at the heart of the county. The Jefferson County Judicial and Administrative Facility overlooks the Human Services Building,

240-521: A candy bought out by the Hershey Foods Corporation , and home to Yeti Cycles . Western showman William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody is buried nearby on Lookout Mountain . Established during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush , Golden City quickly became a leading economic and political center of the region. Its geographic location made it a center of trade between the gold fields to the west and settlements to

300-400: A household in the city was $ 49,115, and the median income for a family was $ 67,414. Males had a median income of $ 41,822 versus $ 32,413 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 25,257. About 3.5% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 6.4% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over. Golden is home to numerous museums, including

360-486: A small town to the south of Denver, became the new temporary territorial capital, but saw only one short event at this location. This status was quickly revoked, however, as on August 4, 1862, the territorial government voted formally to move back to Golden. While the town lost much of its populace and leading citizenry during the Civil War for several reasons (ranging from military to economic), Golden City became capital of

420-498: A spur from Golden to the new transcontinental railroad, running through Cheyenne , Wyoming , 100 miles (160 km) to the north, was ultimately the only possibility for Golden to reemerge as the dominant heart of commerce in the territory. W.A.H. Loveland founded the Colorado Central Railroad on February 9, 1865, to do just this. With Golden beginning talk of creating a railroad, prominent Denver residents raced to do

480-526: A variety of sports including football (dating to 1888), baseball and basketball. Clear Creek is also home to a nationally renowned kayak course, and the city is home to the American Mountaineering Center and features noteworthy rock climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and hang gliding opportunities in close proximity. Golden has to date generated three Major League Baseball players, six Olympic competitors and three Olympic medalists. Golden

540-574: Is a historic thoroughfare (built in 1950) which runs east–west through the southern part of the city then curves northward through the western part of Golden, ultimately arriving at the mouth of Clear Creek Canyon. State Highway 93 (SH 93), which traces its roots to the 1860s, continues north through the western part of the city from the canyon and northward towards Boulder . SH 58 , which turns into Golden Freeway , bisects Golden on an east–west route between 6th and 7th Streets, and ultimately joins to go up Clear Creek Canyon. West Colfax Avenue ,

600-463: Is a home rule municipality of the city form of statutory government in Colorado. Its government is a city council/city manager form of leadership which consists of a popularly elected mayor elected by the entire citizenry, two councilors each representing a district comprising one half of the city, and four councilors each representing a ward of which each district is divided into two. These seven members of

660-541: Is also home to the Foothills Art Center , an art exhibition venue originally housed in a historic church , now calls the historic Astor House home. Miners Alley Playhouse in downtown Golden, is a live theater which has performed there since 2001. The 150-year-old Buffalo Rose Bar and Grill is the longest-surviving Colorado gold rush -era business and remains a popular music venue for touring rock and blues bands. Golden has several annual events, including E-Days of

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720-467: Is as tight as a No. 4 Beaver trap, I am not uneasy." After Jackson and others followed up on his discovery later that year, it helped set the gold rush into full boom. In mid-June, 1859, while returning from the mountains, the partners stopped on Clear Creek and Jackson fished for their lunch. He was caught in a flash flood, and Golden stayed with him, though he was certain for three to four minutes that Jackson would perish. They returned to their camp in

780-705: Is home to the American Alpine Club , The Colorado Mountain Club , and Outward Bound. The Henry S. Hall, Jr. American Alpine Club Library and Colorado Mountain Club Collection is the world's largest repository of mountaineering literature and is internationally known. The American Mountaineering Center is also home to the Bradford Washburn American Mountaineering Museum and hosts many programs and events each year. This premier facility and

840-821: Is in your own hands." The residents of Denver voted for the bonds, spurring construction of the Denver Pacific Railway . By 1869, the railroad race to Cheyenne was becoming less and less of a race, as the Denver Pacific Railway pulled ahead of the struggling Colorado Central Railroad. Realizing they were going to lose the race to Cheyenne, the Colorado Central began expanding west into mountain communities such as Georgetown , Black Hawk , and Central City , all areas founded on and focused in silver mining. Golden, having then sidetracked into servicing various close by mountain communities, continued to fall behind

900-430: Is laid out upon a historic street grid system running on an approximately northwest–southeast axis, aligned with Clear Creek upon which the heart of the city was established. Most of these are paved streets with a total 66-foot (20 m) right of way, including area for sidewalks which in older areas are often separated by a landscaped strip from the street featuring beautiful and historic trees. The only historic street in

960-677: Is located in Golden. It is also home to the National Earthquake Information Center , on the campus of Mines; and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory , a federally-funded science institution. Additionally, Coors Brewing Company , CoorsTek , Spyderco , Software Bisque , American Mountaineering Center , and Colorado Railroad Museum are located in the city. It is the birthplace of the Jolly Rancher ,

1020-450: Is named after him. Golden arrived at today's Jefferson County late in 1858, joining prospectors mining placer gold at a sandbar on Clear Creek just east of North Table Mountain . There on November 29, 1858, Golden became the founding Treasurer of Arapahoe City , the first town in what would become Jefferson County. He met Jackson when the latter arrived at Arapahoe City in late December 1858, and they became prospecting partners seeking

1080-536: Is situated between Lookout Mountain and the two Table Mountains, within a sheltered valley fed by Clear Creek . Clear Creek flows through town from the west, out of its canyon shared by US 6 , and exits the valley it carved between North Table Mountain and South Table Mountain and in which is located the Coors Brewery. At the 2020 United States Census , the city had a total area of 6,225 acres (25.193 km ) including 59 acres (0.240 km ) of water. As of

1140-522: Is the county seat of Jefferson County , Colorado , United States. The city population was 20,399 at the 2020 United States Census . Golden lies along Clear Creek at the base of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains . Founded during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush on June 16, 1859, the mining camp was originally named Golden City in honor of Thomas L. Golden . Golden City served as the capital of

1200-492: The Colorado School of Mines remains today. Golden was also home to an opera house and seven churches, including Colorado's third ( Methodist ) church, oldest Baptist church, likely oldest Christian ( Disciples of Christ ) church, and first Swedish immigrant ( Lutheran ) church. The town was home to sizable populations of German, Swiss, Swedish, Italian and Chinese immigrants ; five immigrants became mayors of Golden. Until

1260-562: The United States women's national soccer team and professional footballer, is from Golden, Colorado and attended Golden High School. Notable individuals who were born in or have lived in Golden include engineer and historian Edward L. Berthoud , brewer Adolph Coors , photographer Gertrude Käsebier , and Gudy Gaskill , the driving force behind the creation of the Colorado Trail . Thomas L. Golden Thomas L. "Tom" Golden

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1320-506: The census of 2010, there were 18,867 people, 7,394 households, and 3,985 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,096.3 inhabitants per square mile (809.4 inhabitants/km ). There were 7,748 housing units at an average density of 860.9 per square mile (332.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 90.6% White , 1.2% Black or African American , 0.6% Native American , 3.8% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 1.4% from other races , and 2.3% from two or more races. 8.2% of

1380-575: The " Lowell of the West", a regional center of trade and industry that boasted at various times three flour mills, five smelters, the first railroad into the Colorado mountains, the Coors Brewery , brick works, the only paper mill west of Missouri , clay and coal mines, and more. During the 1870s, it became home to three institutions of higher education, the Colorado University Schools , of which

1440-400: The American Mountaineering Center, making Golden a research and education hub for mountaineering. The Coors Brewery had become the largest single-site brewery in the world, its porcelain subsidiary among the foremost of its kind, and Golden became home to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory . Golden lies just north of I-70 and west of Denver at the foot of the Rocky Mountains . It

1500-818: The Colorado School of Mines in April (since 1927), the Golden Music Festival at Clear Creek History Park, Independence Day celebration sponsored by the Golden Lions Club (since 1972), the largest event of the year is Buffalo Bill Days in late July (since 1946); the Golden Fine Arts Festival in August (since 1990), and Olde Golden Christmas in November to December (since 1972). The American Mountaineering Center

1560-668: The Denver metropolitan area and Boulder. The West Corridor (W line) of the FasTracks light rail line, which parallels 6th Avenue into Golden to its terminal at the Jefferson County Government Center, opened to the public on April 26, 2013. This is a modern version of the historic trolley line that Golden interests spearheaded in the 1890s. At the same time the W Line opened, a Community Call-n-Ride bus launched in Golden, offering flexible service along with regular stops within

1620-755: The Golden History Museum & Park, Rocky Mountain Quilt Museum, Colorado Railroad Museum , Colorado School of Mines Geology Museum, and the Bradford Washburn American Mountaineering Museum . There is also the Mother Cabrini Shrine . Golden is home to the Jefferson Symphony Orchestra, which performs seasonally at Bunker Auditorium in the Green Center at the Colorado School of Mines , and has performed continuously since 1953. The city

1680-469: The Golden area, with 900 employees working full-time in the brewery. Golden's competitive athletics go back for over 150 years and feature public school and collegiate teams and athletes. Golden High School competes in various sports in 5A competition in Colorado, and its football program dates as far back as the 1890s. The Colorado School of Mines competes primarily in NCAA Division II athletics in

1740-519: The Horizon Plan, which transformed the School of Mines. The decline in the price of petroleum and near-simultaneous failure of several downtown anchors placed the central business district into recession in the 1980s. The 1990s saw the revitalization of the downtown through various initiatives, including its second streetscaping project in 1992. In 1993, the old Golden High School building was converted into

1800-586: The Silver Crash of 1893 and the Great Depression . The School of Mines gained a worldwide academic reputation, Coors rapidly came to the forefront of the national and international brewing and ceramics industries, and the city modernized with a recreation center, paved streets and more. After World War II , Golden boomed, rapidly gaining population, size and economy. In 1959, the town nearly tripled in geographic size overnight when it annexed large properties to

1860-544: The UllrGrass beer festival every January, Goldenfest every September, and the Knock Your Boots Off Beer Tasting and Chili Cook-off every October. Golden is home to the headquarters and brewery of Coors Beer. Golden was where the beer company had its start, and it has kept its headquarters in the city ever since its founding in 1873. The brewery offers tours to the public. It is one of the leading employers in

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1920-470: The basis that the superseding Organic Act creating Colorado Territory directed the court to meet at the legal capital. From late 1866 through 1867 the legislative and executive branches did return to Golden in part due to the falling out of newcomer Alexander Cummings with Denver, and the Territorial Library resided in Golden from 1867-1868. However, the citizens and supporters of Golden realized that

1980-403: The city council are each popularly elected from their ward/district/at large and they serve as the governing body of the city. The council hires and supervises the city manager, who hires and supervises the city staff, which handles the daily operations of the city. Golden was among the first municipally governed cities in Colorado and has one of the oldest continuously functioning governments in

2040-456: The city itself. The new bus system was designed to complement the light rail, extending the transit service into the whole community, including the downtown corridor. Although passengers are no longer served by heavy rail, Golden continues to be served by railroad transportation for cargo, as it has been continuously since 1870. These lines are owned by the BNSF railroad and serve business interests in

2100-400: The early 20th century, Golden maintained a small-town population of around 2,500 people. Several industries faded or were destroyed by tragic events, but others flourished to continue Golden's industrial legacy, including its brewing, brick making, clay mining and porcelain industries. Golden became even more connected through mass transit , with two trolley lines extending to Denver , while

2160-461: The east which date to the Gold Rush times, including West 44th Avenue, West 32nd Avenue and South Golden Road. Since its beginning, Golden has been at a crossroads of major Colorado thoroughfares. Today Interstate 70 (I-70) runs through the southern part of the city, which connects to the northern terminus of SH 470 which runs to the south. U.S. Highway 6 (US 6), which turns into 6th Avenue,

2220-434: The east. Golden City was established on June 16, 1859, along Clear Creek west of Denver. The city is named after Thomas L. Golden . Other important businessmen and prospectors like William A.H. Loveland and George West were among the first people to settle in Golden. By the end of 1860, Golden City had been popularly elected the seat of Jefferson County and was capital of the provisional Jefferson Territory . As drafted in

2280-446: The federally recognized Colorado Territory on August 2, 1862, continuing as such until 1867. Between 1862 and the early 1870s a fierce railroad competition developed between Denver, ten miles (16 km) to the east, and Golden. By the mid-1860s, Golden held a functionally honorific status as the territorial capital, rather than serving as the primary source of territorial power. Denver, the increasingly larger and more-developed city,

2340-559: The foothills to the west, one middle school (Bell Middle School), and Colorado's oldest senior high school ( Golden High School .) In higher education, Golden features the oldest public university in the state, the Colorado School of Mines , which can be found a few blocks south of downtown Golden, situated on a hill overlooking the city. Nearby is the Mountain Language Institute, an English language school providing classes both in Golden and online. The main part of Golden

2400-403: The grid not named as a "street" is the main thoroughfare, Washington Avenue, an 80-foot (24 m) right of way featuring a downtown care streetscape with trees, planters, brick, flagstone and ornamental street lights. Golden's streets are generally numbered on the east–west streets, and named on the north–south streets, and are named after pioneers, American Indian tribes and trees. The streets of

2460-473: The historic US 40 , runs on an approximately northeast–southwest route through the southern end of the city and turns westward up Mt. Vernon Canyon and parallels I-70. Golden is part of the network of the Regional Transportation District which provides bus and light rail service throughout the Denver metropolitan area. Its bus routes 16, 16L, and GS connect Golden with other points of

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2520-483: The mother lode from which the placer gold deposits washed down. The two made their base camp in the valley west of the Table Mountains from which to prospect in the mountains. On January 7, 1859, Jackson made a major strike on Chicago Creek, near today's Idaho Springs . He told no one but Golden about the location, writing in his diary, "Tom Golden is the only man who knows I found gold up the creek, and as his mouth

2580-460: The movie theater gradually took the place of the opera house for downtown entertainment. Downtown revitalization efforts began in the 1920s with its first streetscape and ornamental lighting project and urban renewal on its north and east, anchored by new senior high and grade schools. The historic cultural tension between the city's north and south sides gradually eased, and the town successfully endured additional major economic depressions, including

2640-466: The northeastern end of the city. Within the Coors Brewery grounds it becomes the brewery's own in-house railroad. The closest airport to Golden is nearby Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport , a general aviation air transport facility located in northeastern Jefferson County. Passenger traffic generally uses Denver International Airport in northeastern Denver . Lindsey Horan , captain of

2700-531: The pace set by the Denver railroad, and by 1870, officially lost the race to Cheyenne. However, The Colorado Central Railroad connected directly with Cheyenne seven years later, in 1877, but by that point, the race with Denver had been lost. Although Golden's Colorado Central Railroad offered a challenge to Denver's railroad, the better funded Denver Pacific Railway was able to connect to Cheyenne far more quickly than Golden, securing for Denver its long-term status as both capital and prominent city. Golden City became

2760-427: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 7,394 households, out of which 23.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.1% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.2% had someone living alone who

2820-544: The presumable military origin of this rank remains unknown. Golden left the area around 1861, shortly after the American Civil War began. Many Colorado Southerners were harassed by their Northern neighbors, and Golden was rumored to have returned home. George A. Jackson, also from the south, joined the Confederate Army , but returned after the war and spent the rest of his life around Colorado. Finding that Golden

2880-565: The provisional Territory of Jefferson from 1860 to 1861, and capital of the official Territory of Colorado from 1862 to 1867. In 1867, the territorial capital was moved about 12 miles (19 km) east to Denver City . Golden is now a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor . The Colorado School of Mines , offering programs in engineering and science ,

2940-514: The same. In an appeal to the residents of Denver, The Rocky Mountain News , which was based in Denver itself , wrote an article imploring the citizens of Denver to vote to fund a railroad; "If we vote $ 500,000 in bonds to the Denver Pacific railway all is well. If we defeat those bonds, all hope of a railroad for the next two years is gone... Gentlemen of Denver, what will you do? The fate of your city

3000-478: The south, including the new Magic Mountain theme park, one of the earliest entertainment attractions of its kind. A number of new subdivisions were built and public infrastructure was modernized, including new buildings for the senior high school, city hall, recreation center, library, museum and central fire and police stations. Also built were new downtown anchors, including department stores and grocery stores , several new church buildings, new county offices, and

3060-404: The southeasterly part of town are aligned with the Denver metropolitan street grid, which are aligned directly with the true directions of the compass, and they share the names of the Denver grid. Outlying subdivisions of Golden consist of their own, often curvilinear street systems, with varying degrees of connection to the rest of the city. Golden has several main thoroughfare street connections to

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3120-584: The state. To date Golden has held 99 popular elections for municipal officials since its first such election in 1860, including 92 regular elections and 7 special elections in 1860, 1879, 1882, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2020. Golden, originally home to the second school in Colorado, is today part of the Jefferson County R-1 School District, which provides public education throughout Jefferson County, Colorado. The city has four elementary schools (Mitchell, Kyffin, Shelton, and Ralston Elementary) in

3180-496: The territorial constitution, the capital of the Jefferson Territory was initially proposed to be Golden, then with a population of 700, as a result of its proximity to mountain mining towns, and greater ability to hold a congressional quorum than had Denver. Golden City was temporarily removed from the status of territory capital as a result of an act passed on November 5, 1861, by the territorial government. Colorado City ,

3240-476: The town's location near plenty of world class rock climbing, skiing and mountaineering make Golden a center for mountaineering culture. The city's thriving beer culture supports several microbreweries, including Golden City Brewery, Mountain Toad Brewing, Cannonball Creek Brewing Company, Barrels & Bottles Brewery, Holidaily Brewing Company, Over Yonder Brewing and Ohm Brewing. Beer festivals in Golden include

3300-465: The valley to discover a new town was being laid out there. At Jackson's suggestion it was named for Tom Golden. Golden helped lay out the townsite, but did not remain there. He teamed with others in July to establish Golden Gate City nearby at the mouth of Golden Gate Canyon. Golden opened a storage and commission business and is said to be the first in the area to advertise his prices. Around 1860, Golden

3360-414: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.8. In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 20, 13% from 20 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 25% from 45 to 64, and 10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.9 years. The population was 56.6% male and 43.4% female. As of the census of 2000, the median income for

3420-429: Was a miner from Georgia, United States, who was one of the earliest prospectors in present-day Jefferson County, Colorado . Golden arrived in the then- Kansas Territory in 1858 around the beginning of the Pike's Peak Gold Rush . He later partnered with George A. Jackson, a native of Glasgow, Missouri who discovered gold at the confluence of Chicago Creek and Clear Creek on January 7, 1859. The city of Golden, Colorado

3480-466: Was elected to the legislature of the provisional government of Jefferson Territory , organized by area citizens in hopes of federal recognition. Golden's correspondence may be read in the Missouri Republican and Western Mountaineer , two newspapers from this time. On September 24, 1860, Golden was married to Miss Fletcher at Nevada City . He was referred to by the title of Captain, though

3540-402: Was not a landholder in the town, some historians later speculated it might not have been named for Golden, but instead after gold. However, a 1904 account written by George West, who helped lead the town's organization, proves the town was indeed named for the Colorado pioneer. Ultimately Golden descendants returned to Colorado and the Denver area. Golden's great-grandson, Lt. Richard H. Golden,

3600-557: Was the focused core of important territorial occasions, with the Governor residing in Denver, and territorial legislative meetings occurring there as well. The Territorial Supreme Court, however, met in Golden throughout its tenure as the capital due to the Justices' decision in Bruce v. House whereby the court struck down a special law passed by the legislature directing the court to meet at Denver on

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